诊断名解

abdomenal wall reflex 腹壁反射abdominal pain 腹痛abdominal retraction 腹部凹陷abdominal wall varicosis 腹壁静脉曲张absolute refractory period 绝对不应期absorption fever 吸收热accommodation reflex 调节反射achilles jerk 跟腱反射aching pain 酸痛acrocephalosyndactyly 尖颅并指（趾）畸形acromegaly 肢端肥大症acromegaly facies 肢端肥大症面容acropachy 杵状指active position 自主体位acute abdomen 急腹症acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎acute peritonitis 急性腹膜炎Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚-斯二氏综合征A ddison’s disease 阿狄森氏病adolescent spurt 青春急激成长adventitious sound 附加音age 年龄albinism 白化症alternate motion 轮替动作alternative position 辗转体位alveolar ventilation, VA 肺泡通气量alveolar ventilation, VA 肺泡通气量amphorophony 空瓮音analgia 痛觉,缺失ankle clonus 踝阵挛anterior axillary line 腋前线anterior midline 前正中线aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣关闭不全aortic stenosis 全动脉瓣狭窄Apert’s syndrome 阿佩尔氏综合征尖颅apical belly 尖腹apical impulse 心尖搏动arcus senilis 老年环areola 乳晕arrhythmia 心律失常arthresthesia 关节觉articulatio 关节articulus 关节ascites 腹水asthenic type 无力型（瘦长型）ataxia 共济失调ataxic gait 共济失调步态athetosis 手足徐动atrial fibrillation 心房颤动atrial fibrillation 房颤atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial gallop 房性奔马律audition 听力auricle 耳廓auriculo-ventricular block, AVB 房室传导阻滞auscultation 听诊Austin Flint murmur 奥斯汀.弗林特氏杂音axillary fossa 腋窝Babinski sign 巴宾斯基征bacteria pyrogen 细菌性致热原ballottement 冲击触诊法barrel chest 桶状胸basal lung capacity 基础肺容量basal lung volume 基础肺容积beefy tongue 牛肉舌belching 反酸、嗳气biceps reflex 肱二头肌反射bicycle ergometer test 踏车运动试验bimanual palpation 双手触诊法Biot’s respiration 比奥氏呼吸blood pressure, BP 血压board-like rigidity 板状腹borborygmus 肠鸣音bounding pulse 跳脉breast 乳房Broadbent’s sign 布罗德本特氏征bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchial breath sound 支气管呼吸音bronchophony 支气管语音bronchovesicular breath sound 支气管肺泡呼吸音Brudzinski’s sign 布鲁金斯基氏征Budd-Chiari syndrome 巴-希二氏综合征buffalo bump 水牛背burning pain 烧灼痛bursting pain 烧灼痛、胀痛bypass bilirubin 旁路胆红素cachexia 恶病质cachexia 恶病质cannon sound 大泡音capillary pulsation 毛细血管搏动caput medusae 海蛇神头,梅杜沙氏头cardiac asthma 心原性哮喘cardiac murmurs 心脏杂音carotene 胡萝卜素carphology 摸空症centric fever 中枢性发热Chaddock’s sign 查多克氏征chemoreceptor trigger zone 化学感受器触发带chest pain 胸痛chest wall 胸壁Cheyne-Stokes respiration 呼吸节律异常chief complaints 主诉childbearing history 生育史chorea 舞蹈样运动chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎chronic obstructive emphysema 慢性阻塞性肺气肿clasp knife 折刀claw hand 爪形手clinical diagnosis 临床诊断clonus 阵挛closing volume, CV 闭合气量coarse rales 粗湿罗音cogwheel breath sound 齿轮呼吸音cogwheel rigidity 齿轮强直coin sign 叩击征colicky pain 绞痛color sensation 色觉coma 昏迷compulsive position 强迫体位compulsive squatting 强迫蹲位confusion 意识模糊conjugated bilirubin 胆红素葡萄糖醛酸酯或称结全胆红素conjunctive 结膜consciousness 意识状态consistency 硬度consistency and elasticity 硬度和弹性constipation 便秘continuous 连续型continuous fever 稽留热continuous murmur 连续性杂音contour 外形convergence reflex 辐辏反射convulsion 惊厥cornea 角膜corneal reflex 角膜反射costispinal angle 肋脊角cough 咳嗽Courvoisier’s sign 库尔瓦泽尔兹氏征Courvoisier-Terrier syndrome 库-特二氏组合征，无痛性黄疸crackles rale 爆裂音cremasteric reflex 提睾反射crepitus 捻发音crescendo 递增型crescendo-decrescendo 递增递减型cretinism 克汀病，白痴病，呆小病Crigler-Najiar’s syndrome 柯-加二氏综合征crisis 骤降，危象critical facies 病危面容Crohn’s disease 克隆氏病crossed paralysis 交叉瘫Cushing’s disease 肾上腺皮质功能亢进Cushing’s syndrome 库辛氏综合征cyanosis 紫绀Damoiseau’s curve 曲线decrescendo 递减型deep palpation 深部触诊法deep press palpation 深压触诊法deep slipping palpation 深部滑行触诊法deforming skull 变形颅delirium 谵妄dermographism 皮肤划纹征development 发育diagnosis 诊断diarrhea 腹泻diastolic murmur 舒张期杂音dicrotic pulse 重搏脉diffusion ,DL 弥散diplopia 复视direct percussion 直接叩诊法disturbance of consciousness 意识障碍disturbance of consciousness 意识障碍dough kneading sensation 揉面感Down syndrome 道氏综合征，先天愚型dropped pulse 脱落脉drunken man gait 醉酒步态Dubin-Johnson’s syndrome 杜-约二氏综合征dull pain 钝痛dullness 浊音Duroziez’s murmur 双重杂音dydrops 积水dyspnea 呼吸困难dysuria 尿痛ear drum 鼓膜early systolic ejection sounds 收缩早期喷射音ecchymosis 瘀斑ECG exercise test 心电图运动负荷试验edema 水肿effective refractory 有效不应期egophony 羊鸣音elasticity 弹性electrocardiogram, ECG 心电图elephantedema 象皮肿elephantiasic crus 象皮腿emaciation 消瘦embryocardia 胎心律endogenous pyrogen 内源性致热原enophthalmos=enophthalmus 眼球下陷enophthalmus= enophthalmos 眼球下陷entropion 睑内翻epistaxis 鼻衄exogenous pyrogen 外源性致热原expectoration 咯痰expiratory capacity, ERV 补呼气量expression 表情external auditory canal 外耳道eyeball 眼球eyebrow 眼眉eyelids 眼睑face 颜面facial features 面容fairly 中等family history 家族史festination gait 慌张步态fever type 热型fine rales 细湿罗音finger nose test 指鼻试验fixed splitting 固定分裂flat chest 扁平胸flatfoot 平跖足flatness 实音floating patella phenomenon 浮髌现象fluctuation 波动感fluid thrill 液波震颤forced standing position 强迫停立位forced vital capacity, FVC 用力肺活量four limbs 四肢frequent micturition 尿频frog belly 蛙腹Frohlich’s syndrome 肥胖性生殖无能,弗勒利希氏综合征function residual capacity, FRC 功能残气量funnel chest 漏斗胸gallop rhythm 奔马律Garland’s triangle 加兰德氏三角gas distribution 气体分布gastral or intestinal pattern 胃型或肠型general data 一般项目genua valgus “O” 形腿畸形genua varus 膝内翻geographic tongue 地图舌gigantism 巨人症Gilbert’s syndrome 吉尔伯氏综合征Gordon’s sign 戈登氏征Graham Steell murmur 杂音Grocco’s triangle 格罗科氏三角gums 牙龈habitus 体型hair 毛发，头发hairy tongue 毛舌Harrison’s groove 肋膈沟headache 头痛heel-knee-tibia test 跟-膝-胫试验hematemesis 呕血hematochezia 便血hematuria 血尿hemiparalysis 偏瘫hemoptysis 咯血hepatic facies 肝病面容Hippocrates 希波克拉底（被称为医学之父）history of present illness 现病史Hodgkin 霍奇金Hoffmann’s sign 霍夫曼氏征holosystolic murmur 全收缩期杂音Horner’s syndrome 霍纳氏综合征hyperresonance 过清音hyperventilation syndrome 过度换气综合征hypogastric region 下腹部idioventricular rhythm 室性异搏心律，自发室性心律immediate percussion 直接叩诊incontinence of urine 尿失禁indirect percussion 间接叩诊法infective fever 感染性发热inferior diaphragmatic infarction 下壁心肌梗塞infrascapular region 肩胛下区infrasternal angle 胸骨下角inquiry 问诊inspection 视诊inspiratory capacity, IC 深吸气量intercostal space 肋间隙interleukin I 白细胞介素intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行intermittent fever 间歇热interscapular region 肩胛间区intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻inward impulse 负性心尖搏动iris 虹膜irregular fever 不规则热irritable bowel syndrome,IBS肠易激综合征jaundice 黄疸junctional premature beat 交界性早搏Kayser-Fleischer ring 凯-弗二氏环Kent’s bundle 肯特氏束，房室肌束Kernig’s sign 克尼格氏征Klebsiellar pneumonia 克雷白杆菌肺炎knee jerk 膝反射knife-like pain 刀割样痛koilonychia 匙状甲Kussmaul’s respiration 库斯毛尔氏呼吸kyphosis 脊柱后凸laryngeal pharynx 喉咽larynx 喉Lasegue’s sign 拉塞格氏征直腿抬高加强实验late diastolic gallop 舒张晚期奔马律latent jaundice 隐性黄疸left anterior fascicular block, left anterior bemiblock, LAH 前支传导阻滞left bundle branch block, LBBB 左束支传导阻滞left lower quadrant 左下腹left posterior fascicular block 或left posterior hemiblock, LPH 后支传导阻滞left upper quadrant 左上腹leukocytic pyrogen 白细胞致热原leukoplakia 白斑light palpation 浅部触诊法liver cirrhosis 肝硬化liver palms 肝掌liver thrill 肝震颤lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎location 部位lordosis 脊柱前凸luminar flow 层流lung volume 肺容积lymphedema 淋巴性水肿maculae 斑疹maculopapulae 斑丘疹manubrium sterni 胸骨柄Marfan’s syndrome 马方氏综合征marrital history 婚姻史masked facies 面具面容masses 包块Master 2-step exercise 二级梯运动mastoid 乳突maximal midexpiratary flow curve MMEF、MMF 最大呼气中段流量maximal voluntary ventilation, MVV 最大通气量McBurney’s incision 麦克伯尼氏切口mediate percussion 间接叩诊medium rales 中湿罗音melanin 黑色素melena 黑便menstrual history 月经史microcephaly 小颅,小头畸形midaxillary line 腋中线midclavicular line 锁骨中线middle and late systolic clicks 收缩中、晚期喀音migratory glossitis 移行性舌炎minute ventilation VE 每分钟静息通气量mitral facies 二尖瓣面容mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄mobility 活动度moist rale 湿罗音moisture 湿度mono-phasic curve 单相曲线monoplegia 单瘫moon facies 满月面容mouth 口mucocutaneous hemorrhage 皮肤粘膜出血Murphy button 墨菲氏钮（肠吻合钮）muscle atrophy 肌肉萎缩muscular tone 肌张力Musset’s sign 缪塞氏征（点头运动）myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞myocardial injury “ 损伤性”改变myocardial ischemia 心肌缺血myodynamia 肌力myxedema 粘液性水肿nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动nasal sinus 鼻窦nasopharynx 鼻咽nausea 恶心nephrotic facies 肾病面容neurogenic bladder 神经原性膀胱nipple 乳头non-infective fever 非感染性发热nonparoxysmal tachycardia 非阵发性心动过速nuclear icterus 核黄疸nuclear jaundice 核黄疸nystagmus 眼球震颤obesity 肥胖obstetrician hand 助产士手olfactory examination 嗅诊Oliver’s sign 奥利弗氏征（主动脉弓动脉瘤）opening snap 开瓣音opisthotonos position 角弓反张位Oppenheim’s sign 奥本海姆氏征oral pharynx 口咽organic scoliosis / 脊柱器质性侧凸orthopnea 强迫坐位、端坐呼吸ortho-sthenic type 正力型（均称型）oxycephaly 尖颅pacemaker 起搏点pain /pein/ 疼痛pallor 苍白palpation 触诊palpitation 心悸papule 丘疹paradoxical pulse 奇脉paradoxical splitting 反常分裂paralytic squint 麻痹性斜视paraplegia 截瘫parasternal line 胸骨旁线parasystole 并行心律parietal pleura 壁层胸膜Parkinson’s disease 震颤麻痹parotid gland 腮腺paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, PSVT 阵发性心动过速；阵发性室上性心动过速；阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal tachycardia 阵发性心动过速paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia 阵发性室性心动过速past history 既往史patella clonus 髌阵挛pectoriloquy 胸语音pellagra 糙皮病pendular rhythm 钟摆律peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡percussion 叩诊percussion sound 叩诊音pericardial effusion 心包积液pericardial friction sound 心包摩擦音pericardial knock 心包叩击音peristalsis 蠕动波personal history 个人史petechia 瘀点physical examination 体格检查physiologic splitting 生理分裂pigeon chest 鸡胸pigmentation 色素沉着pitting edema 压陷性水肿pituitary dwarfism 垂体性侏儒症plantar reflex 跖反射pleural effusion 胸腔积液pleural friction fremitus 胸膜摩擦感pleural friction rub 胸膜摩擦音pneumoperitoneum 气腹pneumothorax 气胸pooly 不良position 体位positive position 被动体位posterior axillary line 腋后线posterior midline 后正中线posture 姿势posture scoliosis 姿势性侧凸premature beat 过早搏动premature beat 心房presystolic gallop 收缩期前奔马律protodiastolic gallop 舒张早期奔马律ptosis 上睑下垂pulmonary capillary wedge pressure , PCWP 肺毛细血管楔嵌pulse deficit 脉搏短绌pulse pressure 脉压pulseless 无脉病pulsus alternans 交替脉pulsus magnus 洪脉pulsus tardus 迟脉pupil 瞳孔purpura 紫癜pyrogen 致热原quadruple rhythm 四音律R on T phenomenon R波落在T波上现象rachitic chest 佝偻病胸rachitic rosary 佝偻病串珠radiating pain 放射痛radioperiosteal reflex 桡骨骨膜反射rebound tenderness 反跳痛recurrent fever 回归热redness 发红referred pain 牵涉痛reflex 反射refractory period 不应期regional lung function 区域性肺功能regular 一贯型relative refractory period 相对不应期remittent fever 弛张热residual volume, RV 残气容积resonance 清音retention of urine 尿潴留reversed splitting 逆分裂rhonchi 干罗音rib 肋骨right bundle branch block, RBBB 右束支传导阻滞right lower quadrant 右下腹right upper quadrant 右上腹rigidity 强直性rigor 寒战ringer finger test 指指试验Romberg’s sign 罗姆伯格氏征rosacea 酒渣鼻roseola 玫瑰疹Rotor’s syndrome 罗特尔氏综合征ruler pressing test 尺压试验saddle nose 鞍鼻sardonic feature 苦笑面容scalp 头皮scaphoid 舟状腹scapula 肩胛骨scapular line 肩胛线scar 瘢痕scissors gait 前刀式步态sclera 巩膜scratcb sound 搔弹音senile plaque 老年斑setting sun phenomenon 日落现象sex 性别shifting dullness 移动性浊音sibilant rhonchi 高调干罗音sick sinus syndrome , SSS 病态窦房结综合征sino-auricular block, SAB 窦房传导阻滞sinus arrest 窦性静止sinus arrhythmia 窦性心律不齐sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓sinus phrenicocostalis 肋膈窦sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速size 大小skin eruption 皮疹skin retraction 皮肤回缩skull 头颅small airway function 小气道功能small pulse 细脉smooth tongue 光滑舌somnolence 嗜睡sonorous rhonchi 低调干罗音sore tongue 舌痛spider angioma 蜘蛛痣spinous process 脊柱棘突splitting of heart sounds 心音分裂squared skull 巨颅stabbing pain 刺痛stained yellow 黄染steppage gait 跨阈步态sternal angle, Louis’s angel 胸骨角sternal line 胸骨线stethoscope 听诊器sthenic type 超力型（矮胖型）stool with occult blood 隐血便strawberry tongue 草莓舌stupor 昏睡subcutaneous emphysema 皮下气肿subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节succussion splash 振水音summation gallop 重叠奔马律superficial appearance 表观情况supraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝suprascapular region 肩胛上区suprasternal fossa 胸骨上窝suprasternal notch 胸骨上切迹symmetry 对称性symptom 症状symptomatology 症状学synaesthesia 复合感觉systems review 系统回顾systolic ejection sounds 收缩期喷射音systolic murmur 收缩性杂音tachypnea 呼吸过速tactile fremitus 触地震颤tarry stool 柏油便temperature 体温tenderness 压痛tenesmus 里急后重tetany 手足搐搦thalposis 温觉thermotaxic center 体温调节中枢thigmesthesia 触觉thirst 渴感thoracic expansion 胸廓扩张度thready pulse 丝脉three depressions sign 三凹征thrill 震颤throbbing pain 绞痛与搏动性痛thrombasthenia 血小板无力症sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓sinus phrenicocostalis 肋膈窦sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速size 大小skin eruption 皮疹skin retraction 皮肤回缩skull 头颅small airway function 小气道功能small pulse 细脉smooth tongue 光滑舌somnolence 嗜睡sonorous rhonchi 低调干罗音sore tongue 舌痛spider angioma 蜘蛛痣spinous process 脊柱棘突splitting of heart sounds 心音分裂squared skull 巨颅stabbing pain 刺痛stained yellow 黄染steppage gait 跨阈步态sternal angle, Louis’s angel 胸骨角sternal line 胸骨线stethoscope 听诊器sthenic type 超力型（矮胖型）stool with occult blood 隐血便strawberry tongue 草莓舌stupor 昏睡subcutaneous emphysema 皮下气肿subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节succussion splash 振水音summation gallop /s QmeiF([)n gAl[p/ 重叠奔马律superficial appearance 表观情况supraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝suprascapular region 肩胛上区suprasternal fossa 胸骨上窝suprasternal notch 胸骨上切迹symmetry 对称性symptom 症状symptomatology 症状学synaesthesia 复合感觉systems review 系统回顾systolic ejection sounds 收缩期喷射音systolic murmur 收缩性杂音tachypnea 呼吸过速tactile fremitus 触地震颤tarry stool 柏油便temperature 体温tenderness 压痛tenesmus 里急后重tetany 手足搐搦thalposis 温觉thermotaxic center 体温调节中枢thigmesthesia 触觉thirst 渴感thoracic expansion 胸廓扩张度thready pulse 丝脉three depressions sign 三凹征thrill 震颤throbbing pain 绞痛与搏动性痛thrombasthenia 血小板无力症thyroid 甲状腺tidal capacity TC 潮气量tone 语调tongue 舌torsive ventricular tachycardia 扭转型室性心动过速torticolis 斜颈tower skull 塔颅。