Love Letters：Nixon and His Wife
大学英语备课笔记 3 册
UNIT 1 A Brush With The LawBackground Information1.Magistrates and the magistrate’s courtIn England, a magistrate is a person appointed to try minor offences. He is either an unpaid layman 外行or, in London and some other large cities, a paid judicial司法officer.In England, every district has a magistrate’s court. It is the lowest court of law. The magistrates’ court can only try people for minor, i.e. not very serious offences. It cannot give prison sentences totaling more than 12 months, nor can it order fines of more than 400 pounds for one offence.2.The sixties’ “youth counterculture”The word “counterculture” was coined in the 1960’s for the attitude and life style of many young people who rejected conventional social values and demanded more pers onal freedom. The counterculture first arose in the U. S. During the 1960’s and soon spread to Britain, France and other western countries. The young people were opposed to the Vietnam War and dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs in their society. Yet, unable to find a more constructive way of struggling against these, they indulged themselves in sex, drugs, alcohol and rock music and took great pride in wearing long hair and unusual clothes and in taking up anything that was unconventional. The counterculture declined in the late 1970’s.See the Hippies and the Beat Generation in Essentials of English Learning.3.Middle classIn Britain, the middle class refers to the class of people between the nobility and the working class. It includes professional men (doctor, lawyers, and architects), bankers owners of business and small gentry. In the United States, however, the middle class refers to the class of people between the very wealthy class of unskilled laborers and unemployed people. It includes businessmen, professional people, office workers, many skilled workers.4.Warm-up Activity1) What is the purpose of the law?We all know that the chief purpose of law are to maintain peace and order, to protect the rights of citizens, to secure justice and to punish wrong0doers. Good laws are those that are considered to serve the cause of justice for the society to which they apply. But even good laws may be unjustly applied or may be unjust in certain situations. In the story we are going to study today, the author tells us about what happened to him more than a decade ago. It was really a very unpleasant experience, yet it provides us with much food for thought精神食粮.2) True or false exercise in Teacher’s bookLanguage Points1.arbitrary: based on one’s own wishes or will rather than reason--If a leader makes decision without conducting investigations, he is being arbitrary.--The arbitrary decisions of the factory owners caused dissatisfaction among the workers.2.circumstance: conditions, facts, etc. Connected with an event or a person--We cannot expect him to continue these activities under such unfavorable circumstances.--Because of circumstances beyond our control the meeting was cancelled.3.subsequent: coming after, following--Subsequent events proved that my judgement of the situation was right.--The story will be continued in subsequent issues of the magazine.4.due: 1) expected or scheduled to arrive or be ready; supposed--The train from Beijing is due at 1:30.--The young man is due to appear in the Magistrates’ court next Monday.2) to be paid or returned--When is the rent due?--The books are due today but I want to renew some of them.5.obvious: easy to see or understand; clear--It was obvious that the policeman mistook me for a thief.--For obvious reasons, the magistrate dismissed the case after fifteen minutes.6.wander: walk around a place in casual way, often without a fixed course, aim.--After supper he would go out and wander alone in the streets for about an hour.--David wandered through the bookstore, hoping to find a good for Lily’s birthday.7.confirm: strengthen; prove to be true--What you have told me about Steve confirmed me I my suspicion that he has stolen my gold watch.--His hypothesis was later confirmed by other scientists.8.conduct: manage; direct; carry out--After failing a dozen times or so, Dr. Wilson decided to conduct 6the experiment in a different way.--The police are conducting investigations into these murders.9.given: considering, if one takes into account--Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.--Given his age, the performance is amazing.10.meanwhile: during the same period of time--The boy had gone back home all by himself. Meanwhile, his parents were lookingfor him in the park.--Bob wen to the post office to send a letter. Meanwhile Lily was preparing lunch at home.plain: speak in an unhappy, dissatisfied way--For my own part, I have nothing to complain about.--He is always complaining about the weather in Shanghai.12.take sb. to court: take legal action against sb.--I told him that I would take him to court if he did not repay the money in a week. --If you go on ill-treating your wife like this, you will be taken to court.13.a couple of: a small number of; a few, usually two--I’ve got a couple of tickets. Will you go with me?--Tom is quite busy now. His wife is expecting a baby in couple of weeks.14.save up: keep for future use--It took him a year to save up enough money for a computer.--They are now saving up to buy a house in the suburbs.15.take one’s time: not to hurry; do sth. In an unhurried way--Just take your time and tell me clearly what happened at the meeting yesterday.--It’s better to take your t ime over a piece of work and do it properly than to hurry and make mistakes.16.turn out: be found or discovered; prove to be--It turned out that the best student in my class is the son of a classmate of mine.--The weather turned out pretty nice that day.17.call on (up): invite; require; appeal to--The President called on his people to work hard for national unity.18.stand a chance: have a chance--I would apply for the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance.--Do you think Mary stands a chance of being elected.19.revolve around: move in circles around--The moon revolves around the earth, and the earth revolves around the sun.--Mary has no other outside interest at all. Her whole life revolves around her husband and the children.20.turn against: oppose--He tried in vain to turn the students against their professors.--What do you think had turned Mary against her parents?UNIT 2The Woman Who Would Not TellBackground Information1.The American Civil WarThe American Civil war was a four-year armed conflict between northern and southern sections of the United States. The fighting began April 12, 1861, and lasted until May 1865.For a long time before the Civil War, the North and the South had disagreed with each other on many issues. Most people in the North wanted to abolish slavery, or at least to stop its spread to new states, while the slave owners of the South held that slavery should be allowed everywhere.Another issue that divided the North and the South was a political one. The North believed in a strong central government, that is, the federal government should have more power than the state governments. Most Southerners, however, regarded the nation as a union of separate and more or less independent states. They held that a state had the right to withdraw, or “secede”, from the Union when it felt its interests to be threatened.Language Points1.capture--In the battle they captured 30 prisoners.--The police have not captured the murderer yet.2.former: of an earlier time--Former US President Richard Nixon is well remembered in China for what he did to normalize the US-China relationship.--My uncle was proud that a former student of his had won a gold medal at the Olympic Games in Atlanta.3.awful: terrible; very bad--The medicine tastes awful. I feel like throwing up.--The war movie is full of awful scenes which I think are not suitable for children.4.lean: support or rest oneself in a bent or sloping position--Feeling a little dizzy, she leaned against the wall for support.--He used to lean back in his easy chair (安乐椅)after supper and enjoy some light music before going on with his writing.5.establish: find out or make certain of (a fact, answer, etc.); prove--Who established the fact the earth is round? Columbus.--John established his innocence by showing that he was travelling abroad when the murder was committed.6.identity: who a particular person is--The police were unable to establish the identity of the man killed in the accident. --Do you know the identity of the man who attacked you?--identity card 身份证7. supply: the food, equipment, etc, necessary for an army, expedition or the like--A big country like ours cannot depend on other countries for our food supplies.--We have nearly finished our supplies. How can we continue our journey through the mountains?8. bear: have; show--John is really very careless. The check he sent me yesterday bears no signature of his!--China’s 100 yuan note bears a portrait and a watermark of Mao Zedong’s head. 9. item: one of a number of things, esp. in a list or as a group--The X-ray scanner(扫描器) examines every passenger’s luggage so that no prohibited items are carried abroad.10.risk: place in danger; take the chance of--Jack risked his life in trying to save the drowning child.--You are risking your health by smoking so many cigarettes a day.--If you wait any longer you will risk missing your train.11.junior: younger; lower in rank or importance--After graduation from college my brother became a junior clerk in a foreign bank.12.disaster: a great or sudden misfortune; a terrible accident--Every year throughout the world natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions cause losses of life and property.--If pollution and the imporper use of certain chemicals continue, environmental disasters will be inevitable.13.lower: move or let down; drop--When the teacher praised her, Janet lowered her head in shyness.--He leaned forward to me and lowered his voice, as if he were going to tell me something secret.14.flare up: suddenly become angry, fierce or violent, esp. of a person, fire, battle,et --I don’t like to see you flare up so easily.--The fighting in the Middle East flare up again last Saturday with heavy losses on both sides.--Soon after he left the hospital, his lung cancer flared up again.15.or: otherwise; if not--Hurry or you will be late.--I must go now or I shall be late. (See exercise 16)16.see that / see to it that: make sure that; take care that--I promise to see that the fee is paid without delay.--See that everything is properly arranged beforehand.--See to it that the lights are turned off before you leave the office.17. brush aside: disregard, ignore--He brushed aside all our suggestions.--The doctor’s opinions cannot be brushed aside.18.bring through: save (sb.) from (an illness, etc.)--The surgeon decided that only a successful operation could bring the patient through.--It was his firm belief in the final victory that brought him through the war. Reading ActivityScanning: we only try to locate specific information and often e do not even follow the linearity of the passage to do so. We simply let our eyes wander over the text until we find what we are looking for, whether it be a name, a date or a less specific piece of information.Skimming: when skimming, we go through the reading material quickly in order to get the gist of it, to know how it is organized, or to get an idea of the tone or the intention of the writer.Skimming is therefore a more thorough activity which requires an overall view of the text and implies a definite reading competence. Scanning, on the contrary, is far more limited since it only means retrieving what information is relevant to our purpose. Yet it is usual to make use of these two activities together when reading a given text. For instance, we may well skim through an article first just to know whether it is worth reading, then read it through more carefully because we have decided that it is of interest. It is possible afterwards to scan the same article in order to note down a figure or a name which we particularly want to remember.Scanning techniques are particularly helpful when we want to consult a dictionary, look for a certain advertisement (hunting for a job, renting a house, etc.), or finding a date or a name. When we look for the amount or the number of something, we simply look at the Arabic numerals; when we want to find the name of a person or an organization, we just scan for the words beginning with a capital letter.UNIT 3Why I TeachBackground Information1.Introductory RemarksTeaching has been considered an undesirable profession in many parts of the world. Education may be respected and highly valued, but teachers are not. Their pay and prestige are low in most countries. They work long hours both during the day and in the evening and their hard work often goes unnoticed and unappreciated. Yet, there have always been people who love the teaching profession and chooseteaching as their life-long career. Here, Mr. Beidler, Professor of English at Lehigh Uni versity in Pennsylvania, U.S.A., who was named 1983’s Professor of the Year by the Council for Advancement and Support of Education, give his reasons why he teaches.2.Warm-up Activity1)Ask students whether they like teaching or not, and give their reasons.2)How do they think that the newspaper once said most university teachersbelonged to the high-salary group?3)Tell the students my choice and the reasons.4)Ask the students to go over the text very quickly and find out the reasons whyMr. Beidler chose teaching as his career.Language Points1.Puzzle:make unable to answer, solve or understand; fill with doubt and confusion --I’m puzzled why he declined our invitation.--The woman’s illness puzzled the doctor; he couldn't find the cause.2.Profession: job that needs formal qualifications after training, e.g. law, medicine, teaching, acting.--As a sophomore, I still don’t know what profession would suit me best.--Jeanne has decided on law as her profession. She wants to become a civil rights lawyer and help the poor.3.Convince:cause (sb.) to believe; persuade (sb.)--It took me a long time to convince him that he could learn English as well as anyone else in the class.--Teachers like to convince their students of the importance of study, but students are not easily convinced.pel:make (sb.) do sth. By or as if by force--He was compelled by illness to drop out of school.--Having found himself out of gas, the driver was compelled to walk several miles to the nearest village.5.opportunity: favorable occasion or chance--Do come to our party tomorrow evening! It will give you an opportunity to meet a lot of interesting people.--This conference offers us a good opportunity to learn from one another.6.stimulate: excite (the body or mind); cause to become more active, energetic, etc. --The teacher’s praise stimulated Tom to study even harder.--Exercise stimulates the circulation of the blood.7.failure: lack of success; failing; instance of failing--Without your timely help, our plans would have ended in failure.--We had many failures before finding the right method of teaching.8.loan: something lent, esp. a sum of money--It’s more and more difficult to get a bank loan now.--The World Bank has promised to make a further loan of $ 2 million for this project.9.distribute: divide among several or many; give or send out--People there often complain that wealth is not evenly distributed in their society. --New information is quickly distributed to millions of people all over the world by means of Internet.10.variety: state of varying; a number of different kinds--My job lacks variety; I am doing the same things all the time.--a variety of … (objects, shows, books, etc.)11.occasional: happening from time to time; not regular--Your writing is quite good except for a few occasional mistakes in spelling or grammar.--In these islands there are occasional earthquakes, but not very violent ones.12.switch (to): turn from one subject or activity to another--In Japan, Lu Xun started as a medical student but then witched to literature.--As the demand for tape-recorders has fallen off the factory has switched to the production of color TV sets.13.point: use; purpose--What’s the point of / in talking to her again? She’s already made up her mind.--Now that Father has made the final decision, there is no point in arguing further.14.stay up: not go to bed--He stays up reading and writing until midnight every day.--I’ll be home late, but please don’t stay up for me.15.to learn one’s lesson(s): to learn sth. Useful from the mistake(s) one has made--He has learnt his lesson, and will not repeat the mistake.--I have learned my lesson from the accident and won’t drive too fast again.16.build on: base on--The Chongqing’s economy is primarily built on its industry.--Don’t build too many hopes on h is helping you.17.leave out: fail to mention or include--You left out an important detail in your report of the accident.--Be sure not to leave anyone out in your invitation.18. catch one’s breath--The beauty of the scene made him catch his breath.这美丽的风景令人叹为观止--I had to pause halfway to catch my breath.我不得不中途停下来歇口气UNIT 4Lady Hermits Who Are Down But Not Out Background Information1. Introductory RemarksAlthough termed “lady hermits”, the shopping-bag ladies of New York City are, in a sense, neither “ladies” nor “hermits”. They live in the open, often on the stairways of bus and train stations, in the doorways of apartment buildings, or in the passages of subway stations.Homeless and lonely, these shopping-bag ladies live a poor and miserable life. They suffer from delusions and fantasies and often have been inmates in mental institutions. They live in a world of their own creation apart from the real world around them. Most New Yorkers pass them each day and grow indifferent to their presence.However, they are not totally forgotten. Efforts have been made by various kinds of people, such as priests, nuns, researchers and social workers, to improve their lot.2. Warm-up ExerciseAsk students to go over the text rapidly and find out the characteristics of the shopping-bag ladies.3.Analyze the topicHermit: has different cultural connotations in Chinese and English. In Chinese culture, hermit 隐士refers to the person who does not want to be a officer because he is dissatisfactory with or tired of the dominator or the world and lives in a lonely place. In English hermit refers to a person who lives apart from the wold for religious contemplation, just like the Chinese”居士”. The choice of hermit reflects the social status and inside world of the shopping-bah ladies. Compared with the real hermit, they have no tranquility and spiritual pursuit but unfair treatment. Thus, hermit here is the person who, although lives in a large city, lives in a solitary world of his own, detached from the real world.Lady is a respectful, cultural woman with a certain social status.Down but not out: when a boxer is knocked down, the referee counts to ten. If a boxer is unable to rise to his feet, he is out, which means he is no longer in the game. Here, those lady hermits are suffering from misfortune and are low in social position, but they refuse to accept defeat and persist in their clinging to life. Explain: Self-respected women are suffering from misfortune and having low social position, but they struggle with life and go on living.Cultural Background1.dog: The Americans have dog as their pet. It is their best friend, so they feeldisgusted with eating the meat of dog. Although “dog” in English sometimes has a derogatory sense, such as “treat someone like a dog”, it is a neutral or commendatory term in most cases as in: You lucky dog. 你是一个幸运的人Every dog has its day.凡人皆有得意日。
english英语短文
Nixon: Now, however, we look to the future. I remember something Theodore Roosevelt wrote when his first wife died in his 20s. He thought from his life forever. But he went on and he not only became President, but as an ex-President he served his country, always in the arena, tempestuous, strong, sometimes right, sometimes wrong, but he was a man. And as I leave, that's an example I think all of us .You see we think sometimes when things happen that , we think that when someone dear to us dies, when we lose an election, or , that all is ended. Not true. It's only a beginning, always, because the greatness comes not when things go always good for you, but the greatness comes when , when you take some knocks, some disappointments, when sadness comes. Because only if you have been in the deepest valley can you ever know how magnificent it is to be .So, I say to you on this occasion, we leave, proud of the people who have stood by us and worked for us, and . We want you to continue to serve in government, if that is what you wish. Remember, ; never get discouraged; never be petty. And always remember: Others may hate you, but those who hate you don't win unless you hate them, and then, you destroy yourself.And so we leave with and deep humility. And I say to each and every one of you, not only will we always remember you, but always you will be , and you will be in our prayers.。
love letters-John Keats to Fenny Browne
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About the Author
关于作者
Appreciation of texts
课文赏析
பைடு நூலகம்
Classical Poetry
经典诗歌——Bright Star
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2011年04月02日英国诗人济慈情 书9.6万英镑拍出 。据英国《每 日邮报》报道，英国诗人约 翰·济慈(John Keats)写给未婚妻 芬妮·勃劳恩(Fanny Brawne)的 情书在伦敦邦汉姆拍卖行 (London auction house Bonhams) 上拍出9.6万英镑的高价。 利兹大学的英国文学教授约 翰·巴纳德(John Barnard)解释说， 济慈写过的情书并不多，而且只 有极少封情书被私人收藏，所以 非常珍贵。
明亮的星，但愿我能如你坚定--但并非孤独地在夜空闪烁高悬， 睁着一双永不合拢的眼睛， 犹如苦修的隐士彻夜无眠， 凝视海水冲洗尘世的崖岸， 好似牧师行施净体的沐浴，
O r ga z ing on the ne w soft-fa lle n m a sk O f snow upon the m ounta ins a nd the m oors--N o-ye t still ste dfa st, still uncha nge a ble , P illow 'd upon m y fa ir love 's ripe ning bre a st, T o fe e l for e ve r its soft fa ll a nd sw e ll, Aw a ke for e ve r in a sw e e t unre st, Still, still to he ar her te nder-take n bre ath, 或正俯瞰下界的荒原与群山 And so live e ve r---or e lse sw oon to 被遮盖在轻轻飘落的雪罩里--de a th 并非这样---却永远鉴定如 故， 枕卧在我美丽的爱人的胸膛， 永远能感到它的轻轻的起伏， 永远清醒，在甜蜜的不安中， 永远、永远听着她轻柔的呼吸， 永远这样生活---或昏厥而死去
Examples
Writers often use one or more examples to explain or illustrate their main idea. Topic sentence [In this century, the president is much more cut off from contact with the people than in earlier times.]Example [Ordinary citizens, for example, could get to see Abraham Lincoln directly in the White House and make their requests to him in person.] Some writers announce their strategy outright by the words for example or for instance. Other writers may include several examples without announcing them directly, and thereby expect the reader to notice that they are indeed specific examples.To make a clear case, the writer usually wants to give several examples, often to show several sides of an idea. The writer of the previous example might want to add an example about Jimmy Carter or Ronald Reagan and how they visited private citizens in their homes or invited them to special ceremonies. Or perhaps the writer might want to add an example of another type of president—how Nixon was hard to reach, even by his own staff.Examples are important and necessary. Sometimes, without concrete examples, the reader will have only a vague idea of what the writer’s topic sentence or thesis statement means. In the following paragraphs, notice how the examples illustrate and clarify the topic sentences.The American colonists used a variety of goods in place of money. These goods included beaver pelts, grain, musket balls, and nails. Some colonists, especially in the tobacco-growing colonies of Maryland and Virginia, circulated receipts for tobacco stored in warehouses. Indian wampum, which consisted of beads made from shells, was mainly used for keeping records. But Indians and colonists also accepted it as money.The colonists also used any foreign coins they could get. English shillings, Spanish dollars, and French and Dutch coins all circulated in the colonies. Probably the most common coins were large silver Spanish dollars called pieces of eight. To make change, a person could chop the coin into eight pie-shaped pieces called bits. Two bits were worth a quarter of a dollar, four bits a half dollar, and so on. We still use the expression two bits to mean a quarter of a dollar.Different ways in using examples:1. one example (one extended example)2. many examples3. a combination of the two strategiesWhen using examples in your own writing, brainstorm for possibilities and select those that illustrate your idea most accurately. In choosing among possibilities, favor those that you sense your reader will respond to as convincing and colorful. Several well-chosen examples will often hold your reader’s interest and add credibility to your main idea.A student’s workThere is a good example among Koreans which makes me feel proud of what people can accomplish despite hardship. Mr. and Mrs. Lee (no relation to us) had a son named Sammy. The first time I saw him, he was only eleven months old. I watched his progress all the way through the University of Southern California School of Medicine, where he became a doctor, specializing in ear, nose, and throat ailments. He was always playing in the swimming pools and became interested in high diving. The coach at USC took an interest in him and helped him to develop into an expert high-platform diver. Sammy Lee won the Olympic Gold medal for high-platform diving in 1948 and successfully defended hid title in 1952. In 1953 he became the first non-Caucasian to win the James E. Sullivan Memorial Trophy. His parents helped with all his expenses by working in their chop suey restaurant for many years.Two readings:The shoe as a strategic weaponAttempts to limit female mobility by hampering locomotion are ancient and almost universal. The foot-binding of upper-class Chinese girls and the Nigerian custom of loading women’s legs with pounds of brass wire are extreme examples, but all over the world similar stratagems have been employed to make sure that once you have caught a woman she cannot run away, even if she stays around she cannot keep up with you. What seems odd is that all these devices have been perceived as beautiful, not only by men but by women. The lotus foot, which seems to us a deformity, was passionately admired in China for centuries, and today most people in Western society see nothing ugly in the severely compressed toes produced by modern footwear. The high-heeled, narrow-toed shoes that for most of this century have been an essential part of women’s costume are considered sexually attractive, partly because they make the legs look longer –an extended leg as the biological sign of sexual availability in several animal species because they produce what anthropologists call a “courtship strut.” They also make standing for any length of time painful, walking exhausting and running impossible. The halting, tiptoe gait they produce is thought provocative—perhaps because it guarantees that no women wearing them can outrun a man who is chasing her. Worst of all, if they are worn continually from adolescence on, they deform the muscles of the feet and legs so that it becomes even more painful and difficult to walk in flat soles.Questions about the writer’s strategies:What is the topic sentence of the paragraph Where is it locatedDoes the writer use many examples, one extended example, or combination of the two strategiesWhat mode of development does the writer use Does she use more than one modeMy mother never workedBonnie Smith-Yackel“Social Security Office” (The voice answering the telephone sounds very self-assured.)“I’m calling about…I… my mother just died…I was told to call you and see abouta…death-benefit check, I think they call it…”“I see. Was your mother on Social Security How old was she”“Yes…she was seventy-eight….”“Do you know her number”“No…I, ah…don’t you have a record”“Certainly. I’ll look it up. Her name”“Smith. Martha Smith. Or maybe she used Martha Ruth Smith….Sometimes she used her maiden name… Martha Jerabek Smith.”“If you’d care to hold on, I’ll check our records—it’ll be a few minutes.”“Yes…”Her love letters—to and from Daddy—were in an old box, tied with ribbons and stiff, rigid-with-age leather thongs: 1918 through 1920; hers written on stationery from the general store she had worked in full-time and managed, single-handed, after her graduation from high school in 1913; and his, at first, on YMCA or Soldiers and Sailors Club stationery dispensed to the fighting men of World War I. he wooed her thoroughly and persistently by mail, and though she reciprocated all his feelings for her, she dreaded marriage….“It’s so hard for me to decide when to have my wedding day—that’s all I’ve thought about these last two days. I have told you dozens of times that I won’t be afraid of married life, but when it comes down to setting the date and then picturing myself a married woman with half a dozen or more kids to look after, it just makes me sick…. I am weeping right now—I hope that some day I can look back and say how foolish I was to dread it all.”They married in February 1921, and began farming. Their first baby, a daughter, was born in January 1922, when my mother was 26 years old. The second baby, a son, was born in March 1923. They were renting farms; my father, besides working his own fields, also was a hired man for two other farmers. They had no capital initially, and had to gain it slowly, working from dawn until midnight every day. My town-bred mother learned to set hens and raise chickens, feed pigs, milk cows, plant and harvest a garden, and can every fruit and vegetable she could scrounge. She carried water nearly a quarter of a mile from the well to fill her wash boilers in order to do her laundry on a scrub board. She learned to shuck grain, feed threshers, shock and husk corn, feed corn pickers. In September 1925, the third baby came, and in June 1927, the fourth child—both daughters. In 1930, my parents had enough money to buy their own farm, and that March they moved all their livestock and belongings themselves, 55 miles over rutted, muddy roads.In the summer of 1930 my mother and her two eldest children reclaimed a 40-acre field from Canadian thistles, by chopping them all out with a hoe. In the other fields, when the oats and flax began to head out, the green and blue of the crops were hidden by the bright yellow of wild mustard. My mother walked the fields day after day, pulling each mustard plant. She raised a new flock of baby chicks—500—and she spaded up, planted, hoed, and harvested a half-acre garden.During the next spring their hogs caught cholera and died. No cash that fall. And in the next year the drought hit. My mother and father trudged from the wellto the chickens, the well to the calf pasture, the well to the barn, and from the well to the garden. The sun came out hot and bright, endlessly, day after day. The crops shriveled and died. They harvested half the corn, and ground the other half, stalks and all, and fed it to the cattle as fodder. With the price at four cents a bushel for the harvested crop, they couldn’t afford to haul it into town. They burned it in the furnace for fuel that winter.In 1934, in February, when the dust was still so thick in the Minnesota air that our parents couldn’t always see from the house to the barn, their fifth child—a fourth daughter—was born. My father hunted rabbits daily, and my mother stewed them, fried them, canned them, and wished out loud that she could taste hamburger once more. In the fall the shotgun brought prairie chickens, ducks, pheasant, and grouse. My mother plucked each bird, carefully reserving the breast feathers for pillows. In the winter she sewed night after night, endlessly, begging cast-off clothing from relatives, ripping apart coats, dresses, blouses, and trousers to remake them to fit her four daughters and son. Every morning and every evening she milked cows, fed pigs and calves, cared for chickens, picked eggs, cooked meals, washed dishes scrubbed floors, and tended and loved her children. In the spring she planted a garden once more, dragging pails of water to nourish and sustain the vegetables for the family. In 1936 she lost a baby in her sixth month.In 1937 her fifth daughter was born. She was 42 years old. In 1939 a second son, and in 1941 her eighth child—and third son.But the war had come, and prosperity of a sort. The herd of cattle had grown to 30 head; she still milked morning and evening. Her garden was more than a half acre—the rains had come, and by now the Rural Electricity Administration and indoor plumbing. Still she sewed—dresses and jackets for the children, housedresses and aprons for herself, weekly patching of jeans, overalls, and denim shirts. Still she made pillows, using the feathers she had plucked, and quilts every year—intricate patterns as well as patchwork, stitched as well as tied—all necessary bedding for her family. Every scrap of cloth too small to be used in quilts was carefully saved and painstakingly sewed together in strips to make rugs. She still went out in the fields to help with the haying whenever there was a threat of rain.In 1959 my mother’s last child graduated from high school. A year later the cows were sold. She still raised chickens and ducks, plucked feathers, made pillows, baked her own bread, and every year made a new quilt—now for a married child or for a grandchild. And her garden, that huge, undying symbol of sustenance, was as large and cared for as in all the years before. The canning, and now freezing, continued. In 1969, on a June afternoon, mother and father started out for town so that she could buy sugar to make rhubarb jam for a daughter who lived in Texas. The car crashed into a ditch. She was paralyzed from the waist down.In 1970 her husband, my father, died. My mother struggled to regain some competence and dignity and order in her life. At the rehabilitation institute, where they gave her physical therapy and trained her to live usefully in a wheelchair, the therapist told me: “She did fifteen pushups today—fifteen! She’s almost seventy-five years old! I’ve never known a woman so strong!”From her wheelchair she canned pickles, baked bread, ironed clothes, wrote dozens of letters weekly to her friends and her “half dozen or more kids,” and made three patchwork housecoats and one quilt. She made balls and balls of carpet rags—enough for five rugs. And kept all love letters.“I think I’ve found your mother’s record—Martha Ruth Smith; married to Ben F. Smith”“Well, that’s right.”“Well, I see that she was getting a widow’s pension….”“Yes, that’s right.”“Well, your mother isn’t entitled to our $255 death benefit.”“Not entitled! But why”The voice on the telephone explains patiently:“Well, you see—your mother never worked.”What is the thesis in this essay Where is it expressedHow well do the writer’s examples support her thesisAside from the extended example of her mother’s life, what other mode of development does the writer use in the essayWhy does the writer give so few details about her father and the family’s children。
the love letters
莎拉，我对你的爱永无止尽。似乎是有一种结实的锁链 将我牢牢系住，只有全能的主才能摧毁它。但对祖国的 热爱似一阵强风，将我和所有这些铁链一起吹向战场。 和你一起度过的所有欢乐时光的记忆如潮水般涌上心头， 我为拥有许多那样的日子而感激上帝，感激你，要让我 忘掉这些记忆、让我抛却未来的希望是多么难——如果 上帝保佑，我们将来能够恩爱地生活在一起，看着咱们 的儿子在身边长大成人…… 如果我没有回来，我亲爱的莎拉，不要忘记我有多爱你； 战场上我即使还剩最后一口气，也会低唤你的名字。原 谅我的许多过错和我给你造成的许多伤害。
Love letters
A soldier’s last letter
• 常译作《战士的最后一封情书》 常译作《战士的最后一封情书》 最后的信》 写于布 或《最后的信》，此信写于布 尔朗战役又称马纳萨斯战役 （这个战役发生于美国南北战 争期间）开始一周前， 争期间）开始一周前，罗德岛 第二志愿的沙利文· 第二志愿的沙利文·巴卢少校 给他在史密斯菲尔德家中的妻 子写了这封信。 子写了这封信。一周以后沙利 文·巴卢在布尔朗的第一次战 役牺牲。 役牺牲。
百 年 情 书 《 与 妻 书 》
岩井俊二执导电影《情书》
g{tÇ~
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有时候我是多么的愚蠢和没头脑呀。 但是，呵，莎拉！如果故去的人能够重回这个星 球，并无声无息、无影无踪地飞绕于他们所爱的 人周围。 我将在最晴朗的白天和最暗淡的黑夜时时刻刻守 候在你的身旁。时时刻刻，直到永远。 当轻柔的风儿拂过你的脸颊，那将是我的呼吸； 当凉爽的风儿撩过你的鬓角，那将是我路过的灵 魂。 莎拉，不要为我的死而悲哀：只要想着我走了。 等着我，因为我们还会再相逢。
About the ahthor
国家之爱对美国人而言并不特别，带在民主制度中， 国家之爱对美国人而言并不特别，带在民主制度中，将公民送至战场不仅 只是需要独裁者的许可而已。1861年 只是需要独裁者的许可而已。1861年，发生冲突的南北双方都愿意抛下生 命为自己信念而战。南方人为州权利与奴隶制度社会而战， 命为自己信念而战。南方人为州权利与奴隶制度社会而战，很多人认为奴 隶制是宇宙自然法则。当战争开始， 隶制是宇宙自然法则。当战争开始，北方军队极少数志愿者是为了结束奴 隶制度而战，但许多人已准备好为挽救国家而战死沙场。 隶制度而战，但许多人已准备好为挽救国家而战死沙场。 有一个人就是这样的士兵，那就是罗得岛志愿者第2 有一个人就是这样的士兵，那就是罗得岛志愿者第2军团的苏利文巴鲁 Ballou)少校。当时32岁的巴鲁已克服家庭民穷， 32岁的巴鲁已克服家庭民穷 (Sullivan Ballou)少校。当时32岁的巴鲁已克服家庭民穷，从事前景看好 的律师工作。他与妻子莎拉(Sarah)欲为两个儿子埃德加(Edgar) (Sarah)欲为两个儿子埃德加(Edgar)与威利 的律师工作。他与妻子莎拉(Sarah)欲为两个儿子埃德加(Edgar)与威利 (Willie)建立更好的生活 建立更好的生活。 (Willie)建立更好的生活。身为一名忠诚的共和党员与亚伯拉罕林肯的忠 实支持者，巴鲁于1861年春天志愿加入军队， 19日 1861年春天志愿加入军队 实支持者，巴鲁于1861年春天志愿加入军队，6月19日，他与军队离开华盛 顿。 巴鲁于7 14日等待去马那萨斯(Manassas)的命令时写下这封信 日等待去马那萨斯(Manassas)的命令时写下这封信。 巴鲁于7月14日等待去马那萨斯(Manassas)的命令时写下这封信。一个星期 他与27位军中弟兄死于马那萨斯的布尔朗战役(Battle 27位军中弟兄死于马那萨斯的布尔朗战役 Run)。 后，他与27位军中弟兄死于马那萨斯的布尔朗战役(Battle of Bull Run)。
八年级下学期期末好题分类汇编-10任务型阅读
八年级下学期期末好题分类汇编-10 任务型阅读一、任务型阅读阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Anne of Green Gables has been a favorite book of teenagers all over the world since it came out in 1908. It tries to teach us how to grow up to be a happy and useful person.Anne is an 11-year-old girl who has no parents and arrives in the town of Avonlea, Canada. She helps Mathew and Marilla Cuthbert, a brother and sister, on their farm.At first, Mathew and Marilla hope to adopt (收养) a boy, not a thin girl. Will she be of any use on the farm?It seems unlikely: Anne is very creative, talkative and easily distracted (分心的). That’s not what is needed on a farm.However, she tries her best to prove (证明) herself. On the one hand, she works really hard. On the other hand, she doesn’t lose her great sense of fun and this is why readers love the story. She doesn’t become “a good girl”, if “good girl” means knowing only how to work but live unhappily. We see Anne’s love for life everywhere. She knows how to enjoy herself, whether it’s by eating ice cream or trying on a new dress.Many stories for children are written to tell them how to be good. Usually, it means doing one’s work but not having any fun. That’s not the kind of story Anne of Green Gable wants to tell. The book gives readers a helping hand rather than try to scare them into being “good” girls. 1．Did Anne of Green Gables come out in 1908?2．How old is Anne?3．How does Anne prove herself on the farm?4．Who is your favourite character in the books you have read? Why do you like him or her?阅读下文并回答问题。
电影《情书》love letter 英语分享presentation
The correspondence continued. Gradually a quietly buried pure unrequited love was uncovered. Girl TENGJINSHU love boy TENGJINSHU, So This is the brief introduction of the movie Love Letter.————————-----------------——-第二个PPT。
Because she can't stop thinking about someone who's gone, she wrote a love letter sent to her fiance in heaven out of sad memory. Surprisingly, she received a reply from someone with the same name. —————------------------------———-第一个PPT。
父亲节的由来英语作文
父亲节的由来英语作文（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如职场文书、合同协议、策划方案、规章制度、演讲致辞、应急预案、心得体会、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as workplace documents, contract agreements, planning plans, rules and regulations, speeches, emergency plans, experiences, teaching materials, essay summaries, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!父亲节的由来英语作文父亲节的由来英语作文（通用32篇）在日常生活或是工作学习中，大家都写过作文吧，作文是从内部言语向外部言语的过渡，即从经过压缩的简要的、自己能明白的语言，向开展的、具有规范语法结构的、能为他人所理解的外部语言形式的转化。
经典英文情书(中英文对照)love_letters
love letters（情书）Oh proviolence (上邪）Heaven high I will love you. For all the years to pass by. Only when the mountains lose their ridges. The rivers run dry. The thunder rumbles in winter. The snow falls in summer. And the earth is combined with the sky. Will my love for impossibly!-上邪！我欲与君相知，长命无绝衰。
山无棱，江水为竭，冬雷震震，夏雨雪，天地合，乃敢与君绝。
请苍天为证，我愿与你相知相爱，希望上天让我们的爱情永不衰绝。
除非，山峰在我面前消失，江水枯竭，冬天旱雷阵阵，夏天雨雪霏霏，天地闭合，混沌不开。
你我，重归洪荒之时，生命不再，我才能与你分开·······MY LOVE IS LIKE A RED,RED ROSEO my love's like a red,red roseThat's newly sprung in june:O my love's like the melodieThat's sweetly play'd in tune.As fair art thou,my bonnie lass,So deep in love am IAnd I will love thee still, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry:Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi' the sun;I will love thee still,my dear,While the sands o' life shall run.And fare thee weel, my only love!And fare thee weel a while!And I will come again, my love,Tho' it were ten thousand mile.啊，我的爱人想一朵红红的玫瑰，六月里迎风除开；呵，我的爱人像一曲甜蜜的歌儿，唱得合拍又柔和。
双语美文《爱的约会》阅读
双语美文《爱的约会》阅读引导语：爱情是一种经过灵魂提纯的情感。
以下是店铺分享给大家的双语美文《爱的约会》阅读，希望大家喜欢!Six minutes to six, said the clock over the information booth in New York’s Grand Central Station. The tall young Army lieutenant lifted his sunburned face and narrowed his eyes to note the exact time. His heart was pounding with a beat. In six minutes he would see the woman who had filled such a special place in his life for the past 13 month, the woman he had never seen, yet whose written words had sustained him unfailingly.在纽约地铁中心总站，咨询处上方的时钟指向了5点54分。
年轻高大的陆军中尉抬起黝黑的脸庞，眯着眼睛看上面的时间，一颗心激动得怦怦直跳，6分钟后，他就要见到那个女人了——在过去的13个月里一直占据着他心灵某个特殊位置的女人。
虽然他们素未谋面，但她的信却一直是他的精神支柱。
Lieutenant Blandford remembered one day in particular, during the worst of the fighting, when his plane had been caught in the midst of a pack of enemy’s planes. In one of his letters he had confessed to her that he often felt fear, and only a few days before this battle he had received her answer: “Of course you fear…a ll brave men do. Next time you doubt yourself, I want you to hear my voice reciting to you: ‘yeah, though I walked through the Valley of the Shadow of Death, I will hear no evil: for thou art with me.’…” He had remembered, and it had renewed his strength.布兰福德中尉记得那天，战斗艰苦的时刻，他的飞机被敌机重重包围。
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Read them and write your reflection on them from any perspective/angle.
Love Letters：Nixon and His Wife
Old-school love letters between a young Richard Nixon and the woman he would later marry have been unveiled at the former president's library in California, showing the poetic side of a man who addressed his future wife as "dearest heart."日前，加利福尼亚州的前总统图书馆曝光了年轻的理查德·尼克松的老情书，这些情书的收信人是他后来的妻子。
这些书信显示了一个男人充满诗意的一面，他在信中称妻子为"最亲密的爱人"
The letters, written by hand between 1938 and 1940, include professions of love in which Nixon tells Pat Ryan, as she was then known, that "nothing so fine ever happened" to him as falling in love with her. 这些情书写于1938年至1940年间，尼克松在这些书信里向帕特·瑞安表达了爱意，尼克松告诉瑞安，对他来说再也没有比爱上她更好的事情了。
"Every day and every night I want to see you and be with you. Y et I have no feeling of selfish ownership or jealousy. In fact I should always want you to live just as you wanted - because if you didn't then you would change and wouldn't be you," Nixon wrote in one of the letters, part of a rotating display at the Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. "在星期天我们出去骑车；在周末我们去爬山；在火堆前我们一起阅读；最重要的是我们在一起成长，并找到了正如我们了解的属于我们的幸福"。
他接着说。
"Let's go for a long ride Sundays; let's go to the mountains weekends; let's read books in front of fires; most of all let's really grow together and find the happiness we know is ours," he continued.
Nixon, who served as U.S. president from 1969 to 1974, stepped down in the face of almost certain impeachment due to the involvement of his aides and campaign in an attempt to bug his political opponents' offices at the Watergate complex and the subsequent cover-up. 尼克松1969年至1974年任职美国总统。
在面对涉及和女助理的丑闻以及有关水门事件中窃听案的弹劾后，尼克松辞职下台。
He was pardoned a month after he left office by his successor, President Gerald Ford. Nixon, whose wife stood by him throughout a scandal that damaged national trust in the White House and government, died in 1994.在他卸任一个月后，下一任总统杰拉尔德·福特宣布对他的这一事件表示谅解。
尼克松的夫人在整个丑闻事件中一直陪伴着尼克松，而这一丑闻也引发了全国民众对白宫及政府的不信任感。
尼克松于1994年逝世。
The letters on display illustrate the couple's courtship between the time they met during tryouts for a community play in Whittier, California, in 1938 and when they were later married in 1940, nearly three decades before they became president and first lady.展出的这些信件也诠释了这对夫妇的恩爱不离，从1938年他们在美国加州西南部城市惠蒂尔一个社区戏剧试演时相遇到1940年他们结婚。
在他们成为总统和第一夫人前他们共度了将近30年时间。
"What's so charming about these letters is that they are really from another time, because I think the writing of love letters has really become a lost art with technology," said exhibit curator Bob Bostock. "这些信的魅力在于它们真的是来自另一个时代，因为我认为写情书真的已经成为科技时代我们丢失的一门艺术。
"展览馆长鲍勃如是说。
He said that while Nixon's letters showed a romantic side of the former president, Pat Ryan's letters tended to be "a bit lighter, humorous." 他还说，当尼克松的情书展示了前总统浪漫一面的同时，总统夫人帕特·瑞安的信件则显得"语言平淡和有幽默感"。
In one, she writes: "Hi-ho, Hi-ho! How does it go? It would be good to see and hear -- . Night school is over about 9 so if you are through with club meeting perhaps I'll see you?" In another letter, she offers to "burn a hamburger" for her sweetheart if he visits her on a Wednesday evening. 在其中一封信中，她写到："嗨，最近怎么样？要是能看到你听到你的声音就好了--夜校在九点左右结束，如果你那时参加俱乐部会议，也许我会遇到你？" 在另一封信里，她表示如果他星期三的晚上来看她，她就"烤一个汉堡"给她心爱的人。
Six of the letters, three penned by Nixon and three by his future wife out of a collection of several dozen, will be on rotating display in the Nixon library in Y orba Linda, California, through September 3 as part of an exhibit to mark what would have been Pat Nixon's 100th birthday. She died in 1993. 六封情书有三封出自尼克松之手，三封属于他的妻子。
这些从上百封情书中挑出来的情书将会在加州约巴林达市的尼克松图书馆进行巡回展出，展览将作为帕特·瑞安百岁诞辰纪念活动的一部分。
今年的9月3日正是帕特·瑞安百岁诞辰，帕特·雷恩于1993年逝世。