英语语法专业术语 音标版

英语语法专业术语音标版语法grammar

句法syntax ['sintæks]

词法morphology [mɔ:'fɔlədʒi]

结构structure

层次rank

句子sentence

从句clause

词组phrase

词类part of speech

单词word

实词notional word ['nəuʃənəl]

虚词structural word

单纯词simple word

派生词derivative [di'rivətiv, də'rivətiv]

复合词compound ['kɔmpaund,kɔm'paund]

词性part of speech

名词noun

专有名词proper noun

普通名词common noun

可数名词countable noun

不可数名词uncountable noun

抽象名词abstract noun [æb'strækt,'æbstrækt]

具体名词concrete noun ['kɔnkri:t]

物质名词material noun

集体名词collective noun

个体名词individual noun

介词preposition [prepə'ziʃən]

连词conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋkʃən]

动词verb

主动词main verb

及物动词transitive verb ['trænsitiv, 'trænsətiv]

不及物动词intransitive verb [in'trænsitiv, in'trænsətiv] 系动词link verb

助动词auxiliary verb [ɔ:g'ziljəri]

情态动词modal verb

规则动词regular verb

不规则动词irregular verb

短语动词phrasal verb ['freizl, 'freizəl]

限定动词finite verb ['fainait]

非限定动词infinite verb ['infinit, 'infənit]

使役动词causative verb ['kɔ:zətiv]

感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb

静态动词state verb

感叹词exclamation [.eksklə'meiʃən]

形容词adjective

副词adverb

方式副词adverb of manner

程度副词adverb of degree

时间副词adverb of time

地点副词adverb of place

修饰性副词adjunct

连接性副词conjunct

疑问副词interrogative adverb [.intə'rɔgətiv]

关系副词relative adverb

代词pronoun ['prəunaun]

人称代词personal pronoun

物主代词possessive pronoun [pə'zesiv]

反身代词reflexive pronoun [ri'fleksiv]

相互代词reciprocal pronoun [ri'siprəkəl]

指示代词demonstrative pronoun [di'mɔnstrətiv]

疑问代词interrogative pronoun [.intə'rɔgətiv]

关系代词relative pronoun

不定代词indefinite pronoun [in'definit, in'defənit]

名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun

形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun [.ædʒik'taivəl] 冠词article

定冠词definite article ['definit, 'defənit]

不定冠词indefinite article

数词numeral ['nju:mərəl]

基数词cardinal numeral ['kɑ:dinl, 'kɑ:dnəl]

序数词ordinal numeral ['ɔ:dinəl, 'ɔ:dnəl]

分数词fractional numeral ['frækʃənəl]

形式form

单数形式singular form

复数形式plural form ['pluərəl, 'plurəl]

限定动词finite verb form ['fainait]

非限定动词non-finite verb form [nʌn'finit]

原形base form

从句clause

从属句subordinate clause [sə'bɔ:dineit, sə'bɔ:dn.eit,sə'bɔ:dnit]

并列句coordinate clause [kəu'ɔ:dneit,kəu'ɔ:dnit, kəu'ɔ:dəneit]

名词从句nominal clause ['nɔminəl, 'nɔmənəl]

定语从句attributive clause [ə'tribjutiv, ə'tribjətiv]

状语从句adverbial clause [əd'və:biəl]

宾语从句object clause

主语从句subject clause

同位语从句appositive clause [ə'pɔzitiv]

时间状语从句adverbial clause of time

地点状语从句adverbial clause of place

方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner

让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession [kən'seʃən]

原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause

结果状语从句adverbial clause of result

目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose

条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition

真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition

非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition

错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子sentence

简单句simple sentence

并列句compound sentence

复合句complex sentence

并列复合句compound complex sentence

陈述句declarative sentence [di'klærətiv]

疑问句interrogative sentence [.intə'rɔgətiv]

一般疑问句general question

特殊疑问句special question

选择疑问句alternative question [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]

附加疑问句tag question

反义疑问句disjunctive question [dis'dʒʌŋktiv]

修辞疑问句rhetorical question [ri'tɔrikəl]

感叹疑问句exclamatory question [iks'klæmə.təri, ik'sklæmə.təuri] 存在句existential sentence [.egzis'tenʃəl]

肯定句positive sentence

基本句型basic sentence pattern

否定句negative sentence

祈使句imperative sentence [im'perətiv]

省略句elliptical sentence [i'liptikəl]

感叹句exclamatory sentence [iks'klæmə.təri, ik'sklæmə.təuri]

句子成分members of sentences