初二上学期英语知识点总结

初二上学期知识点总结

1.冠词 a/an/the

不定冠词a/an表示不特指，―一‖元音用an,辅音用a

定冠词the，表示特指

An accident happened this morning, a girl lost her life in the accident.

_______man in the photo is ________ engineer.

A. A; a

B. The; an

C. An; the

D. The; a

2.介词 in, on, by, with, without

具体到某一天用介词on，in接大的时间地点，by乘坐某种交通工具

With附属成分，―有‖，without ―没有‖

—When did he arrive________ Beijing? —He got there May 12th.

A. in; in

B. at; in

C. to; at

D. in; on

Don't waste water.Water is very important and no one can live________it. A．without B．with C．expect D．besides

3.形容词副词

区别：形容词修饰名词代词，副词修饰动词，形容词

比较级最高级的变化

—I think Cindy is _______ student in our class.

—I don’t think so. Linda is _______ than her.

A. smarter; smarter

B. smarter; the smartest

C. the smartest; the smartest

D. the smartest; smarter

比较级前面可以用much, a lot 修饰

Going by plane is ______ than going by train.

A lot of cheaper B. much expensive

C. much more expensive

D. a lot of more expensive

句型，one of the 最高级+名词复数

The +比较级， the +比较级，―越…, 越…‖

--The weather is hazy(雾霾的) these days. That’s terrible.

--Yes, we should plant trees. ______ trees, ______ air we will get.

A. The more, the good

B. The less, the better

C. The less, the good

D. The more, the better

4.情态动词can/cannot, must/mustn’t, need/needn’t, may

can能够 cannon 不可能

--Is that Mr. Wu in the classroom? –No, it _____ be him. He is in the office now. must必须，一定m ustn’t 禁止，与危险的行为连用

--Dad, can I go to the movies tonight?

--Sure, but you _____ come back home before 9 o’clock.

A .can B. must C. may D. might

It’s raining heavily and the road ____ be wet.

need 需要needn’t 不必

It doesn’t look like rain, so you _____ bring your umbrella with you.

#must 和need#

肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t

--Must I wait to listen to the tape first?

—No, you _____. You _____ do some other exercises before listening.

A.Mustn’t, should

B. can’t, can

C. needn’t, can

D. don’t have to, can’t

5.感观动词look, smell, taste, sound ,feel(系动词)，后接形容词原形

The kind of fruit cake is very popular because it _____ very delicious.

A .feels B. sounds C. tastes D. look

6.动词不定式to do

Plan to to/ expect to do/want to do

表目的 in order to do ―为了‖

In order ____ to school on time, he hurried to school ____ he finished his breakfast.

A. to get, without

B. to get, as soon as

C. get, as soon as

D. that gets, when Wendy built this wall _____ her house.

A. protecting

B. protect

C. to protect

D. protected

_______ me healthy, my mum asks me to eat an apple a day.

A. Makes

B. Make

C. To make

D. Making

7. let, make 使役动词，后接形容词和动词原形

This new machine can make you ______better soon.

A. to feel

B. feeling

C. feel

D. feels

8. 连词 so, because, and, but, although/though, unless, until

Unless除非

_______ you work harder, you won’t get better grades.

A. Unless

B. So

C. Because

D. As long as

Although/though,尽管，不和but连用

—Did you win the game yesterday?

—Not really. _______ we all tried our best, we lost it.

A. If

B. Though

C. Unless

Until 直到

The tired kids ________ get back home ________ 7 pm.

A．didn't；until B．not；until C．doesn't；until D．aren't until

9.花费spend, take, cost, pay

Spend主语是人，sb. spend(s)/spent +(in) doing/ on sth.

Take主语是it，做形式主语，真正的主语放在后面用to do 形式

Cost主语是花钱/时间买的东西或做的事情，过去式cost

Pay和for连用

It _____ Mr. Green an hour to prepare for the meeting yesterday.

He had to spend a long time _____ (say) his words.

---How much did you ____ for this dress? – It _____ me over 1000 yuan.

A. cost, cost

B. pay, paid

C. cost, paid

D. pay, cost

The book cost me 10 yuan.

= I _______ 10 yuan ______ (buy) this book.

=I _________10 yuan ________ this book.

= It ________ me 10 yuan ___________ (buy) this book.

= I __________ 10 yuan for this book.

10.there be 将来时 there will be/ there is(are) going to be

There _________ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight tomorrow evening.

A. has

B. will have

C. is going to have

D. will be

11.how many/how much/how long/how often/how soon

How many 可数名词

How much 不可数名词

How long多长时间，回答+一段时间

Eg. –________will you stay there? –I will stay there for one month.

How often多久一次，询问频率，回答+频率副词always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never

—________ does your father play tennis after work?

—Every Tuesday and Thursday.

A．How often B．How soon C．Where D．Why

Eg. --_________ do you go shopping? –Never.

How soon 多久之后，用将来时。回答 in +一段时间表将来

Eg. --_______ will you come back? – In an hour.

12. little/few

little不可数名词，比较级 less

few 可数名词，比较级fewer

Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. I’m sure he can do the

work with______ money and ______ people.

A. less; less

B. fewer; more

C. more; fewer

D. less; fewer

13. beat/win

Beat 打败某人、某对;Win赢得比赛

We _____ the soccer team from No.2 Middle School and ________ the match.

A. beat; won

B. won; beat

C. won; won

D. beat; beat

14.write down/ cut up，宾语it/them放中间

Please peel two bananas and then_________.

A. cut up it

B. cut up them

C. cut it up

D. cut them up

15.hundred ①具体数字，不加s, five hundred, nine hundred

②不具体的数字，成百的，佳s, hundreds of

There are _______ students in the primary school.

A. two hundreds

B. two hundreds of

C. hundred of

D. hundreds of

16.something,everything, anything, somewhere, someone等不定代词

形容词修饰不定代词，形容词放在后面

I’m going to retire _______ in the future.

A. quiet and beautiful somewhere

B. somewhere quiet and beautiful

C. quiet and beautiful anywhere

D. anywhere quiet and beautiful

17.动词bore, excite, interest等变形容词，-ed修饰人，-ing修饰事，物These jobs are _______, we sometimes get _____ when we do them.

A. bored; boring

B. boring; bored

C. boring; boring

D. bored; bored

18. other, another, the other, others

Other其他的，后接名词复数=others, other students=others

another 另一个，不特指 another way另外一条路，没有具体到哪一条路the other另一个，特指 I have two dogs. This is Coco, the other is Mini.

As a young child, you should learn to help ______.

A. others

B. the others

C. the other

D. another

19. both/ all, either/neither

两者―都‖用both，三者及以上―都‖用all。

Both my father and my mother _______ playing tennis when they were young.

A. like

B. likes

C. liked

D. to like

Neither在either前面加了字母n, 可以想成是加了no, 表示否定。

Either of them is teacher.他们中的一个是老师

Nether of them is teacher. 他们没有一个是老师，表示否定

Either 前面用否定句―也―， neither前面用肯定句，―也不‖

He didn’t go to school last week, I didn’t go to school, ______

20. as….as 和…一样，中间用形容词或副词的原型

as much as possible 尽可能地

20.常见短语句型

Why not=why don’t you +动词原形

How about / what about + doing

Would like to do

--It’ s getting more and more difficult to get a taxi during rush hours(在上班高峰期)now.

--________ try dididache（滴滴打车）？It works well.

A. Would you like

B.How about

C. Why not

D. You’d better

practice doing/ enjoy doing

Tom enjoys _______ TV at night.

A. watches

B. watch

C. watching

D. watched

advice 不可数名词

—Would you mind giving me ________？

—Of course not.

A．some advices B．any advices C．an advice D．some advice

advise doing/ advise sb. to do

try to do/ decide to do/ forget to do/remember to do/hope to do

It’s cold, so we decided _______ at home.

A. stay

B. to stay

C. staying

D. stayed

help sb. do

He helped me _______ my lost book.

A. found

B. find

C. finding

D. /

The box is so heavy, would you like to help me _____(carry) it , Tony?

suggest (that) (should) do sth.

--I want to use the camera, but I don’t know how _____it.

--I suggest you ______ the instructions（说明书） first.

A. to use, to read

B. to use, read

C. using, to read

D. using, read

look forward to doing/pay attention to doing

Almost all the students are looking forward to ________ back home on Friday. A．go B．going C．gone D．went

large表示人口多，询问人口多少what is the popular of …?

21.So…that…/ such…that../ too….to…

So…that…/ such…that..―如此….以至于…‖so 后接形容词， such后接名词或名词性短语

too….to…―太…而不能…‖too 后接形容词，to后接动词

Gina is ____ a kind girl ____ she often helps people who are in trouble.

A .so, that B. too, to C. such, that D. not only, but also

―冠词+形容词+名词‖名词性短语

My cousin is _____ young _____ go to school.

A. too, to

B. to, too

C. so, that

D. such, that

22.祈使句，肯定句动词原形开头，否定句Don’t 开头

23.感叹句 what (a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓

How +形容词/副词+主谓

24. it 形式主语，真正的主语放在句子后面，用 to do 的形式表示

______ is very difficult ____ the way in a dark forest.

A. It, finding

B. This, to find

C. This, finding

D. It, to find

--What do you think of tomorrow’s football match?

--______ difficult for us _____ the match.

A. We’re , to win

B. We’re, winning

C. It’s, to win

D. It’s, winning

25.过去进行时 was/were doing, 表示过去的一个时间点正在做的事情

--Sam, what will the weather be like tomorrow?

--Sorry, I didn’t watch the weather forecast(天气预报) just now, I ____ a baskettball match.

A. am watching

B. was watching C will watch D. would watch

When/while 区别

①When 指时间点，时间段，接延续性动词，非延续性动词

While只指时间段，接延续性动词

②主句从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生的，两句都用过去进行时，多用

while

Betty was cleaning her room, _____ her mother was cooking.