经贸英语专业名词
financial crisis√
A situation in which the value of financial institutions or assets drops rapidly. A financial crisis is often associated with a panic or a run on the banks, in which investors sell off assets or withdraw money from savings accounts with the expectation that the value of those assets will drop if they remain at a financial institution.
trade barriers√
Trade barriers are measures that governments or public authorities introduce to make imported goods or services less competitive than locally produced goods and services. Not everything that prevents or restricts trade can be characterised as a trade barrier.
value chain√
A high-level model of how businesses receive raw materials as input, add value to the raw materials through various processes, and sell finished products to customers. distribution channels√
The chain of businesses or intermediaries through which a good or service passes until it reaches the end consumer. A distribution channel can include wholesalers, retailers, distributors and even the internet. Channels are broken into direct and indirect forms, with a "direct" channel allowing the consumer to buy the good from the manufacturer and an "indirect" channel allowing the consumer to buy the good from a wholesaler. Direct channels are considered "shorter" than "indirect" ones.
fragmentation of the market√
Emergence of new segments (in a previously homogeneous market) which have their own distinct needs, requirements, and preferences. These fragments reduce the effectiveness of mass marketing techniques and erode brand loyalty.
ind ustry consolidation√
Industry consolidation is a situation in which separate companies become one. It is sometimes described as a merger, although technically these are two different situations. In a merger, a new business is formed when one company absorbs the other; in a consolidation, companies join forces on relatively equal terms to form one new company. However, the two terms are often used interchangeably.
supporting infrastructure√
Services and supplies needed to sustain an organization in its day to day operations, such as communications, labor, power, transport, water.
marketplace demands√(没找到)
performance assessment√
1. Reference: performance review.
2. an appraisal of development or decomposition in memory, learning, or both via performance on capacity and achievement examinations.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT: "The performance assessment results dictate that you achieved a score well above what you thought you would."
performance focused culture√
overall cost√
1. In accounting, the sum of fixed costs, variable costs, and semi-variable costs.
2. In the context of investments, the total amount spent on a particular investment, including the price of the investment itself, plus commissions, fees, other transaction costs, and taxes.
brand strength√
Brand Strength based on observing the brands current performance.Discussions of 'brand strength' or 'brand equity' sometimes suggest that these are abstract values, somehow quite separate from the brand's actual sales in the marketplace. Certainly we are assuming there are aspects of the brand's strength that may not be apparent just by looking at its marketplace performance. But this should not blind us to the fact that the most obvious evidence of a brand's relationship with its public is normally to be found in its sales. A brand that is struggling in the marketplace can only be said to be 'strong' in specific and limited ways, if at all.
customer segment√
All information about the customer that is held by the seller. This can include basic demographics, order history, or operational data such as the user ID and shipping address. Customer segments are dynamic; marketing managers define the criteria for including a customer in a customer segment. Customer segments can be the targets of campaigns. line extension√
Multiproduct branding strategy whereby a firm markets one or more new products under an already established and well known brand name. The objective is to serve different customer needs or market segments while taking advantage of the widespread name recognition of the original brand. For example, maker of a popular perfume may introduce shampoos, bath soaps, body powders, etc., under the perfume's name. Line extension is encouraged by some marketing experts and frowned upon by others. Also called brand extension.
brand extension√
A common method of launching a new product by using an existing brand name on a new product in a different category. A company using brand extension hopes to leverage its existing customer base and brand loyalty to increase its profits with a new product offering. For brand extension to be successful, there usually must be some logical association between the original product and the new one. A weak or nonexistent association can result in brand dilution. Also, if a brand extension is unsuccessful, it can harm the parent brand.
cost managemen t√
Cost management is the process of planning and controlling the budget of a business. Cost management is a form of management accounting that allows a business to predict impending expenditures to help reduce the chance of going over budget.
profit-and-loss statements√
An official quarterly or annual financial document published by a public company, showing earnings, expenses, and net profit. Net income is determined from this financial report by subtracting total expenses from total revenue. The profit and loss statement and the balance sheet are the two major financial reports that every public company publishes. The difference between this statement and the balance sheet deals with the periods of time that each one represents. The profit and loss statement shows transactions over a given period of time (usually quarterly or annually), whereas the balance sheet gives a snapshot holdings on a specific date. also called income statement or earnings report. labor-intensive√
A process or industry that requires a large amount of labor to produce its goods or services. The degree of labor intensity is typically measured in proportion to the amount of capital required to produce the goods/services; the higher the proportion of labor costs required, the more labor intensive the business.
cash flow statements√
One of the quarterly financial reports any publicly traded company is required to disclose to the SEC and the public. The document provides aggregate data regarding all cash inflows a company receives from both its ongoing operations and external investment sources, as well as all cash outflows that pay for business activities and investments during a given quarter.
brand equity√：书P176第9段括号中内容
customer equity√：书P176第9段括号中内容
management accountancy√：书P226第四段第一句话
decision accounting√：书P228第11段第1-2句话
最详细商务英语专业介绍
商务英语专业介绍 最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/83102501.html, 【本文由大学生电脑主页[ https://www.360docs.net/doc/83102501.html, ]—大学生的百事通收集整理】 商务英语专业（应用英语方向） 培养目标：培养具有良好职业道德，掌握一定经贸理论知识、熟悉国际商务操作规程，具有较扎实的英语听、说、读、写、译能力，较好的英语沟通和现代化办公设备应用能力，工作的高等技术应用型英语人才。 主要课程：商务英语，综合英语，商务英语会话，商务函电、英汉翻译、英语视听说，国际贸易实务，商务单证，国际市场营销，英语口语实践，英语听力实践，办公自动化等。 职业资格证书与就业岗位：学生可获取CET-4证书、商务英语等级证、普通话等级证、外贸业务员证、跟单员证、驾驶员证等资格证书。毕业后能在外贸、文化教育、旅游（酒店）等行业从事翻译、外贸实务、教学和涉外文秘等工作。 商务英语专业（国际贸易实务方向） 培养目标：培养掌握国际贸易的基本理论和基本知识，熟悉国际贸易实务操作技能，具有用英语熟练进行国际经济交流活动包括商务谈判、市场行情调研、进出口业务的实际操作和服务贸易等各项工作的能力，能熟练使用现代办公设备，在不同涉外经济单位从事进出口业务工作的高等技术应用型人才。 主干课程：国际贸易概论、国际贸易实务、国际商法、国际金融、国际结算、国际货物运输与保险、国际商务函电、商务谈判、公共关系、市场营销、电子商务、大学英语、外贸函电。 职业资格证书与就业岗位：学生毕业时可获取CET-4证书、普通话等级证、外贸业务员证、报检员证、外销员证、跟单员证等资格证书。 商务英语专业（国际贸易实务方向）教学计划 一、培养目标 培养德、智、体、美全面发展，热爱祖国，具有良好的职业道德，具备扎实的国际经济和国际贸易理论基础，掌握国际经济与国际贸易的基本知识与基本技能，熟练掌握商务英语的听、说、写、译能力，熟悉通行的国际贸易规则和惯例，具有较强的外贸业务实践能力、独立分析解决实际问题能力和开拓创新驾驭市场能力的高技能应用性商务人才。 二、人才培养模式 采取“2.5+0.5”的人才培养模式，以培养具备“一德、二基、三能、四证”合格的国际贸易高级应用型人才为目标，以应用知识技能教育为主线，以实践能力培养为中心，以基本理论知识传授为基础，通过“四模块”（课程认识实习模块、校内实习基地模块、校外实习基地模块、“走出去，
经贸英语专业面试自我介绍
经贸英语专业面试自我介绍 经贸英语专业面试自我介绍第一篇： 经贸英语专业面试自我介绍如果你对面试流程不太了解，以下是一则经贸英语专业面试自我介绍，提供给大家参考一下，希望大家可以举一反三。 我是 xxx,是 xxxx 大学经贸英语专业的毕业生 .在大学四年里我很注重培养自学。我先后顺利地通过了英语四级和计算机二级，还能熟练应用会计电算化软件，也能翻译英文名著，在专业课学习之余，我还广泛涉足于哲学、文学、法律、经济学等领域，并辅修了经贸英语，自学了第二外语——德语。 此外，我更注重自己综合能力的培养。在校期间，我担任班级宣传委员，受到了全校师生的广泛好评。我深知作为经济类学生，交流、实践不可或缺。因此，在×××年我加入了×××工大软科学爱好者协会”的市场调研部。作为部长助理，我参与编写、访问并总结的调研项目，通过真实的数据，纠正了社会上部分群众对大学生不正确的看法，引起了很大反响。
我坚信作为一位适应社会需要的复合型人才，走入社会汲取养分是必备的。在××年××月到××月，我在××公司驻长办事处做了三个月的促销小姐，初步感受到商家的激烈竞争，也以微见巨地了解了中国企业的现状。同年期间，我还兼职市场咨询公司调查员，对市场调查做了全面、专业、深刻的了解。这些经验为我走入社会，参与商业经营运作奠定了良好的基础。 四载匆匆，我深深懂得： 昨天的一切已成为历史，未来的辉煌要靠今天脚踏实地坚持不懈地努力去实现。做事踏实、投入，但不盲目，这是我工作、学习和生活的一个重要准则。 现在的我并不满足于现有的知识水平 ,渴望在更加广阔的天地里展露自己的才能 ,在实践中得到锻炼和提高 ,因此我希望能够加入你们的单位 .我会踏踏实实的做好属于自己的一份工作 ,竭尽全力的在工作中取得好的成绩 .我相信经过自己的勤奋和努力 ,一定会做出应有的贡献 ! 第二篇： 经贸英语专业学生面试的自我介绍我是好范文，是 ***大学经贸英语专业的毕业生 .在大学四年里我很注重培养自学。下面就是本人的自我介绍： 此外，我更注重自己综合能力的培养。在校期间，我担任班级宣传委员，受到了全校师生的广泛好评。我深知作为经济
商务英语名词解释
Hostile takeover An acquisition of a firm despite resistance by the target firm's management and board of directors. Total quality control A philosophy and set of guiding concepts that provides a comprehensive means of improving total organization performance and quality by examining each process through which work is done in a systematic, integrated, consistent, organization-wide manner. Abbreviated TQM. Motivation theory/need hierarchy theory Psychological discipline that attempts to describe why people or animals behave as they do solely in terms of internal needs that drive behavior, rather than attributing any influence to external stimuli. theory X and theory Y assumption T h e o r y X With Theory X assumptions, management's role is to coerce and control employees. o People have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. o People must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives. o People prefer to be directed, do not want responsibility, and have little or no ambition. o People seek security above all else. T h e o r y Y With Theory Y assumptions, management's role is to develop the potential in employees and help them to release that potential towards common goals. o Work is as natural as play and rest. o People will exercise self-direction if they are committed to the objectives (they are NOT lazy). o Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. o People learn to accept and seek responsibility. o Creativity, ingenuity, and imagination are widely distributed among the population. People are capable of using these abilities to solve an organizational problem. o People have potential.
专业术语英语整理
The term “enzyme” was coined by Wilhelm Kuhne.创造 crystallized 结晶centrifugal supernatant 离心上清液 were used to imitate enzymes mesoporous介孔材料，多孔 DMF-2甲基甲酰胺 Polymer with enzyme-like activity 聚合物 noble-metal nanoclusters 贵金属纳米团簇 In the presence of dopamine在多巴胺的存在下 Molecularly imprinted polymers were invented by 分子印迹聚合物 Nano ceria as superoxide dismutase mimic. 纳米二氧化铈作为超氧化物歧化酶模拟。 peroxidase mimic. 过氧化物模拟酶catalase,过氧化氢酶 Nano ceria as catalase and oxidase mimic纳米二氧化铈过氧化氢酶和氧化酶模拟
metal sulfide 硫化物 cobalt porphyri n钴 manganese锰facile温和的 chemicals and reagent s化学药品和试剂syring注射器 thioacetamide 硫代乙酰胺 stretching vibration 伸缩振动峰 carbonyl group羰基 aromatic acid 芳香酸 calibration curve 校准线 have been extensively explored to mimic the structures and functions of natural enzymes through various approaches.and several monographs andnumerous excellent reviews have been published have been found to exhibit unexpected enzyme-like Although the progress and achievements of classic artificial enzymes have been thoroughly reviewed in the literature, no comprehensive review has been devoted to nanozymes we discuss the current challenges facing nanozyme technologies and future directions to realize their great potential. 新方法 Hybrid materials（杂化材料） formed by incorporating inorganicmaterials into a polymeric matrix have even more promisingadvantages, such as novel
商务英语专有名词解释
Деловой перевод. Forms of ownership: –Sole Proprietorship—a business owned and operated by a single individual. –Partnership---- партнёрство— a business owned by two or more people. –Limited Company—a company where ownership is represented by company＇s shares. 1. Board of directors---.Cовет директоров —the officials elected by shareholders who rule the company 2. Current liabilities—the money that a company during which certain goods are produced. 3. Dividends—company profits paid to shareholders. 4. Entrepreneur-- Предприниматель—person who sets up a new commercial enterprise to make a profit. 5. Indebtedness -- задолженность– amount of debts 6. Initial funds --funds used in starting a business. 7. Liabilities -- Обязательства– the amount of debt that must be paid. 8. Shareholders-- акционер–those who own shares of a company＇s stock. 9. Accounting –бухгалтерия---- the action or process of keeping financial accounts. Is a system of gathering , summarizing and communicating financial information for a business firm, government or other organizations. 10. Balance sheet –Балансовый отчёт - is a statement which describes the companies resources and indicates where these resources have come from.
商务英语专业面试自我介绍(精选多篇)
商务英语专业面试自我介绍(精选多篇) 第一篇：商务英语专业面试自我介绍 商务英语专业面试自我介绍 各位领导，大家好。我叫朱，来自湖南常德，是一名湖南xxxxx外国语学院的好范文，我的专业是商务英语。我喜欢打羽毛球，喜欢听音乐，是个活泼开朗，热情大方的女孩子。喜欢交朋友，也总会给别人带来欢笑。 我是一个来自农村的普通女孩，从小被农村淳朴的感情渲染。我有一个幸福的家庭，和爸爸妈妈，妹妹一起生活。从小我亲眼目睹了爸爸妈妈为了这个家所付出的辛苦，劳累与奔波，一点一滴都深深的刻在我的心中。 在大学三年，不仅只是能力还是个人修养上，我都受益匪浅。在老师的教导和个人的努力下，我具备了扎实的专业基础知识，并系统的掌握了各方面的理论知识，几倍了听说读写译的能力。在大学第一期，我顺利的通过了大学英语三级的考试，并在第二年就具备了大学英语四级的水平。并且，我能自我介绍网https://www.360docs.net/doc/83102501.html,/ziwojieshao/够熟练的进行计算机word, excel, photoshop的软件操作，在大学第三年掌握了外贸单证制单与跟单的操作。大学期间，我担任学生会女生部部长一职，工作上细心，负责市我任职期间遵守的原则。我带领部门的其她成员，把女生部的工作管理的井井有条，并得到了学校领导和老师的一职肯定。在期末总结大会上，我并作为学生会所有成员代
表进行了发言。暑假期间，我曾参加过学校的留校实践，不仅仅是希望问母校做一些力所能及的贡献，更期望能一次来巩固自己的专业知识和应变能力。我热爱参加学校组织的各种活动，比如：文艺汇演，英语角还有班会主持，我都积极参加，并取得了不错的效果。 尽管我只是一名好范文，但我有好范文上刻苦，热情的精神，希望贵公司能给我这次机会，能为贵公司添砖加瓦。 第二篇：商务英语自我介绍 hello,everyone! my name is luyan,my english name is orange.i like this english name because ithink orange is a kind of warm and happy colour ,also i adore drinking orange juice. i’m 18years old. now,i study in wuxi higher vactional school of tourism and comerc e now .i’m becoming more and moreconfident and optimistic. l feel poud about that. i like english very much,so i chose the major in our school called business english’’. i have confidence in studying english well. i havemany friends ,i can talk with them ,when i feel sad. i fancy watching filmseating tomatoes and listening some songs. i hope someday i can ... 第三篇：英语面试的自我介绍 i am xx. i was born in xx. i graduate from xx senior high school and major in english. i started learning english since i was 12 years old. my parents have a lot of american friends. that’s why i have no problem communicating with americans or others by speaking english. in my spare time, i like to do anything relating to english such as listening
英语-名词解释
名词 英语语法分为词法和句法，分别是研究词类和句子的。英语共有十大词类，他们分别是名词、动词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。我们会在以后的课程中一一学习。对名词的考查，通常会与主谓一致、名词的修饰词（有的只可以修饰可数名词，有的只可以修饰不可数名词）等结合起来进行考查。名词的辨析、可数与不可数、同一名词的可数与不可数的不同意义，名词的一些习惯表达法都是考查的要点。本讲重点对名词几个常见考点进行剖析。 1.名词的意义：从英语语法角度讲，表示人物、时间、地点、事物或抽象概念的词我们通常都称其为名词。例如chairman Shanghai milk physics 等。 2.名词的种类：总体上我们将英语中的名词分为 两大类专有名词 普通名词
专有名词 个体名词可数名词 名词集体名词 普通名词物质名词 抽象名词不可数名词 (A)专有名词：表示人或物所特有的名字，通常是人名、地名、书 报刊名、团体组织、机关名称等。例如Tom ,Beijing University , the United Nations. 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 (B)普通名词：表示一类人、事物、物质或是表示一个抽象概念的 名词。例如 worker ,TV pen 等,普通名词可以分为以下四类： (1)个体名词：表示单个的人或单个的事物的名词。Chair car (2) 集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称的名词。Class army police 由于本身就是复数意义，通常不再通过加-s变成复数，但是在主谓一致关系中要看是否表示整体，如果强调的是组成 该集体的个体概念时谓语动词用复数，如果表示整体要用单数，具 体情况见主谓一致部分的讲解。
英语专业(经贸英语方向)
英语专业（经贸英语方向） 本科培养方案 Undergraduate Program for Specialty in English (in the field of Economic and Trade English ) 一、培养目标 I. Educational Objectives 本专业培养德智体美全面发展，适应社会经济发展需要的，具有扎实的英语语言基础和比较广泛的科学文化知识及商贸知识和较强的实用技能的复合型、实用型高级英语专业人才。学生毕业后可到经济、管理、新闻出版、教育、科研、旅游、外事、对外经贸部门及外企从事翻译、涉外文秘、进出口业务等工作。 The program is designed to adapt the students to the development of social economy, enable them to have a solid foundation of English and extensive knowledge on scientific culture, trade and business and practical skills and develop them in an all-round way i. e., morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically. They will graduate as advanced inter-disciplinary and application-oriented talent capable of working on translation, foreign secretary, imports and exports business in the sector of Economy, Management, News Media, Education, Scientific Research, Tourism, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Economic & Trade and Foreign Enterprises, etc. 二、基本要求 II. Skills Profile As a student of this program, he/she is required to: 1、热爱祖国，拥护中国共产党的领导，掌握马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观的基本理论体系；愿为社会主义现代化建设服务、为人民服务；爱岗敬业、艰苦奋斗、热爱劳动、遵纪守法、团结合作；具有良好的思想品德、社会公德和职业道德。 1. Love motherland, support the Chinese Communist Party’s leadership and grasp the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, “Three Represents” Thought and Scientific Outlook on Development; be willing to serve the socialist modernization drive and the masses; have a strong sense of responsibility and aspirations to endeavor for the country and nation’s prosperity; be conscientious and meticulous in work, observe disciplines and obey laws, and cherish team spirit; have good moral character, social morality and professional ethics. 2、系统学习英语语言、文学、历史、政治、经济、外交、社会文化等方面的基本理论和基础知识，接受英语听、说、读、写、译等方面的良好的技能训练，掌握一定的科研方法，具有较强的跨文化和商务沟通能力，熟悉对外经贸业务的相关环节，具备进行研究、教学、管理、商务翻译等工作的业务素质和能力。 2. Learn systematically the basic theory and knowledge of English language, literature, history, politics, economics, diplomacy, social culture, etc., receive skill training on English listening, speaking, reading and writing, master some
我对商务英语专业的认识
商务英语专业导论课程作业 题目：我对商务英语专业的认识年级与班级 姓名与学号 日期与时间
目录（一）内容提要 （二）关键字 （三）内容 一、商务英语的内涵 二、商务英语的特点 三、商务英语的发展现状 四、商务英语的前景 五、商务英语的培养目标（四）结语 （五）参考文献
（一）内容提要 随着我国对外贸易的迅猛发展，国内企业国际化程度迅速提高；与之相适应，培养具备全球化经营能力和具备国际商务英语沟通能力的人才，已被教育部门提上议事日程。截至2009年，教育部已批准7所高校设立商务英语本科专业，有超过700多所院校设立了英语专业商务英语方向。在中国，商务英语证书被各类涉外企业、部门、组织或机构用来作为招收职员时英语能力的证明；同时也是商务工作人员或英语学习者检验、提高自己英语水平的方式；对于即将进入职场的在校学生或已工作的青年来说，它是就业、求职的重要砝码，因此，商务英语证书被称为--商务求职的通行证，本文试从当前商务英语的现状谈谈自己的看法。 （二）关键字 商务英语内涵特点发展现状发展方向培养目标 （三）内容 一．商务英语专业内涵 商务英语的概念有着非常丰富的内涵，很长一段时间以来商务英语实际上被误用了。很多人认为商务英语就是综合英语加一些商务知识和技能，对概念如此理解是不准确的。商务英语包含5个层面：其一是英语培训，这是最基础也是最容易理解的一个层面。大部分院校在这个层面做的都比较好。其二是“特殊商务技能”，这个层面包括商务会议、商务谈判、商务计划、信函、报告的撰写等日常商务应用技能。此外，还要对一些特别的专业词汇进行专门的学习和训练。其三是掌握必要的跨学科知识，包括金融、财政、法学、贸易等等。其四是需要对目的语国家的文化和价值观的认同和提升，包括跟同事、客户、上下级、商务伙伴等等的沟通能力，对对方的国家和相关背景有深刻、全面的了解。其五，是要求具备较高的人文素养。不仅要掌握社会学、心理学等知识，还应具备文学、艺术、历史等文化修养。有了“商务”这层意义，它就不再是一个单纯的英语学习范畴。随着我国吸纳外资大国地位的确立与对外投资的迅猛发展，我国企业国际化程度迅速提高；而与之相协调，培养具备全球化经营能力、适应多国文化与具备国际商务英语沟通能力的人才就被提到日程上来。与TOEFL、GRE、GMAT以及我国目前举行的大学英语四、六级考试不同，商务英语考试特别注重考生运用英语在商务环境中进行交际的能力。因此商务英语证书在全球商业界得到广泛的认可，在中国各涉外经济部门以及在华投资的跨国公司中更是倍受青睐。目前我国已有数百家外资企业把商务英语证书作为衡量应聘人员英语水平的唯一标准。随着外资企业的不断增多，越来越多的中国人开始在外企里工作。虽然工作性质，工作场地有所不同，但是他们都会遇到同样的问题，就是如何从事涉外的经济贸易活动，如何在外商经营的企业里占有一席之地。语言差异无疑是这些人所遇到的最大的障碍，在我们熟知的生活英语、学术英语之外，商务英语是现代外资企业中最重要的交流工具。 二．商务英语的特点 英国商务英语专家Nick Bridger曾指出：商务英语包括语言知识、交际技能、专业知识、管理技能和文化意识等核心内容。由此可见，商务英语既有普通英语语言的共同特点，又带有浓浓的“商务“特色。它是建立在普通英语和词汇的基础上，结合特定的商务活动和环境，其所承载的是商务理论和商务实践两方面的信息，因此商务英语在言语使用上有其特有的特征，这也就要求商务英语人员在学习和积累知识时要注重基础英语知识和专业商务英语。
环境科学专业英语名词解释
【环境】相对于某中心事物而言的周围境况。与某一中心事物有关的周围事物，就是这个事物的环境。 【生态环境】生态环境指生物体周围的其他生物和无机自然界，以及与作为主体的生物之间存在着种种客观的生存、营养关系和因果关系。 【环境科学】环境科学是研究人类与环境之间相互关系的科学，涉及自然科学、社会科学和技术科学，综合性很强。 【人类生态系统】人类生态系统，是指居民与其生存环境相互作用的网络结构，也是人类对自然环境适应、加工、改造而建造起来的人工生态系统。 【恒星】由炽热气体组成的、能自己发光的天体,维持恒星辐射的能源主要是热核反应。 因短期内很难发现它们位置的相对变化,故名恒星。 【脉冲星】脉冲星，就是一种变化的恒星。因为这种星体不断地发射短暂而极有规律的电磁脉冲信号 【新星】光度突然增加的爆发性恒星。 【行星】行星指的是围绕太阳运转、自身引力足以克服其刚体力而使天体呈圆球状、并且能够清除其轨道附近其他物体。 【卫星】围绕行星运行的天体。卫星本身不发光，大小、质量相差极大，运动特性很不一致。【星云】星云银河系内太阳系以外一切非恒星状的气体尘埃云。 【地球】地球是太阳的从里往外数第三颗行星，距太阳大约有150000000公里。地球每365.256 天绕太阳运行一圈，每23.9345小时自转一圈。它的直径为12756公里，只比金星大了一百多公里。 【高原】海拔高程在600m以上，表面较为平坦或略有起伏，四周常有崖壁与较低的地形单元分界。 【丘陵】地表起伏不大、山峦林立的低矮地形 【平原】地势宽广平坦，或略有起伏。海拔高程在200m以下的称为低平原。 【盆地】四周是高原或山地，中央低平的地区，外形似盆而得名。 【地球自转】地球绕其本身轴线的旋转运动。与太阳系的大多数行星一样，自转的方向是自西向东,从从北极上空向下看，为逆时针旋转 【太阳日】以太阳作参照，地球上的任意一点连续两次经过地心与太阳圆面中心连线的时间间隔，其长度是24小时。 【太阴日】月球作为参照，地球上任意一点连续两次经过地心与月球圆面中心连线的时间间隔，其长度是24小时50分。 【自转线速度】线速度是指地球上某点在单位时间内绕地轴所转过的线距离 【自转角速度】除南北两极外，地球各处的角速度都相同，平均角速度大约为每日360°，或每小时15°。 【赤道】地球绕轴自转，称自转轴，亦称地轴。地轴与地球表面的交点，称地球两极。过地轴中点且垂直于地轴的平面与地球表面的交线，称为赤道。 【地球公转】地球沿一定轨道围绕太阳的运动，称为公转。从地球北极高空看来，地球的公转方向也是自西向东，呈逆时针方向。 【近日点、远日点】每年大约1月3日，地球最接近太阳，此时的位置称为近日点；大致7月4日，地球最远离太阳，此时的位置称为远日点。 【春分点秋分点】赤道面与天球相交的大圆，叫天赤道，黄道面与天球相交的大圆，称为黄道。天赤道与黄道有两交点，分别为春分点和秋分点；春分点与秋分点之间的两个中点分别称为夏至点和冬至点 【黄赤交角】地球的公转轨道面．叫黄道面，是通过地心的一个平面，和地轴成66°34′
商务英语名词解释
Acceptance承兑P119 An acceptance credit call for drafts to be drawn at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any drawee nawed in the credit.汇票承兑信用证要求汇票按规定在一定期限内由开证行或者其他在信用证上签名的收款人来检验。 a letter of credit信用证P116 A banker’s document letter of credit is a credit instrument.A common means of payment in international trade.一种在国际贸易中常见的支付手段。Containing a writer undertaking in the part of the issuing bank to pay a certain amount to a third party against the surrender of stipulated documents. collection托收P133 entrust banks as intermediaries to collect the money for the goods 委托银行作中间人收取款项 Bill票据 a statement of money owed for goods or services; demand payment tax 税收P197 charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government; levy a tax on hedge套期保值P144 capture slight differences in price; foreign exchange markets perform four major functions:tranfer of payments;provision of credits;payment at a distance;allowing hedging against exchange risk.外汇市场主要从事四种功能：转移支付；提供信贷；异地支付；提供外汇风险防范。 arbitrage套汇P139 buy at the lower price and sells at the higher price; Is the use of discrepancies in currency exchange rates to transform one unit of a currency into more than one unit of the same currency.利用不同的外汇市场各种货币在同一时刻的汇率和汇率上的差异，同时买进和卖出有关货币的现汇和期汇，以赚取汇率或利率上的差价收益的交易。 option期权P144 the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited在外汇交易中，以契约形式规定的在某一特定日期或在未来某一日期，按规定的价格买（看涨期权）或卖（看跌期权）特定数量的基础票据权利。 future期货 A currency future,also FX future or foreign exchange future.is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at specified date in the future at a price(exchange rate 买卖双方约定于未来某一特定日期，以约定价格买卖的约定数量的商品。 foreign exchange汇率,外汇 price by one currency for other currency; means the system utilized in financing international payments.一个用于支付国际金融付款的系统。
汽车专业英语词汇及重要名词解释
A （engine type) liquid cooled, in-line, 4cylinder, carb (发动机型号)水冷，直列，四缸，化油器式 (engine) compression ratio (发动机)压缩比(engine) displacement (发动机)排量(engine) fuel (发动机)燃料 13-mode 13工况 3rd gear 三档齿轮 3-way seat 三向座椅 4WD control device 四轮驱动控制装置 4WD indicator switch 四轮驱动指示灯开关 4WD lamp electrical connection 四轮驱动指示灯接线 4WD switch 四轮驱动开关 5th synchromesh assy. 五档同步器总成 6PK belt 6PK 多楔驱动皮带 A / C compressor assembly 空调压缩机总成 A / C control assembly 空调控制装置 A/C & heater assy. 空调加热器总成 A/C blower 空调鼓风机 A/C clutch 空调压缩机离合器 A/C compressor MTG bracket 空调压缩机安装支架 A/C control assy. 空调控制器 A/C housing assy. 空调箱总成 A/C low pressure switch 空调低压开关 A/C mode select switch 空调状态选择开关abdomen performance criterion 腹部性能指标 Abdominal Peak Force 腹部力峰值 ABS 防抱死制动系统 acceleration fuel system 加速系统acceleration running noise level 加速行驶噪声 accelerator interlocking type 加速踏板联锁式 accounting foundation 财政基础 Actual cycle work 实际循环功 Actual torso angle 实际躯干角 adapter 连接器additional features 附加装置 additional rule 附加法规 adjust screw 调整螺钉 adjuster cable 调整拉线 adjuster plug 调整盖 adjuster screw assy. 调整螺栓总成 adjuster washer 调整棘片 adjuster, diff. bearing 差速器轴承调整螺母Adjustment system 调节装置Administration and Registration Division 管理科 Agreement Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts Which Can Be Fitted and/or Be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of These Prescriptions关于对轮式车辆、安装和/或用于轮式车辆的装备和部件采用统一条件并相互认可基于上述条件批准的协定书Agreement Regulations 协定法规 air cleaner 空气滤清器 air cleaner assy. 空气滤清器总成 air cleaner cartridge 空气滤清器滤芯 Air compressor 空压机 air condition compressor 空调压缩机 air direct 空气走向 air filter 空气滤清器 air flow 空气流向 Air flow meter 空气流量计 air jet 空气量孔 air metering hole 空气量孔 air path 气道 Air Pressure of Tire 轮胎气压 Air type 空气型 air valve 空气阀 air-cooled 风冷 Aisles 通道 Alcohol 酒精 all bearing 球轴承 alternater bracket 发动机支架 alternator 交流发电机 alterntor assembly 交流发电机总成alumininum-rim 铝合金钢圈
经贸英语
1、请特别注意包装，否则货物有可能在运输途中受损。 Please give special attention to the packing, or the goods could be damaged in transit. 2、漂亮的包装很重要，是因为它给人留下良好的印象。Attractive packing is important because it creates a good impression. 3、我方将把你对包装的意见转告给厂商参考。 We’ll pass your comment on packing to the manufactures for their reference. 4、不知你方能否将装运期提前一个月，我方急需货物。 I wonder if you could advance the shipment by one month as we need it badly. 5、你们最早什么时候可以装运货物。 When is the earliest possible date you can shipment the goods. 6、我们将优先向你们报盘。 We’ll give you the preference of our offer. 7、我本以为我的报价是合理的。 I should have thought my offer was reasonable. 8、你会发现我们的报价比别处要便宜。 You’ll see that our offer compares favorably with the quotations you can get elsewhere. 9、此报盘着眼于扩大销路而且很有竞争力。 This offer is based on an expanding market and is competitive.