牛津译林版初中英语八年级下册8B Unit1 grammar课件
8B Unit 1 Past and Present
Grammar
English Teaching-group of Grade Eight
Learning aims:
1. Master t perfect tense (PPT).
三、现在完成时的构成 （1）肯定句：
I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词） +其它。 He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。 e.g. have finished their homework. (finish） They ______________ has finished He ______________his homework. （finish)
（掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法。）
2. Learn the rules of forming the past participle of verbs.
（学习动词的过去分词变化规则。）
3. Learn some time expressions usually used in PPT.
（学习常用在现在完成时里的时间表达方式。）
一、现在完成时的含义
（1）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也 许还会持续下去的动作或状态。和表示延续的时间 状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意： 句中谓语动词要用延续性动词） 时间状语的表达方法有两种: for: + 一段时间 for a year, for two weeks,
二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙 述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。 而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成 的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。 I bought a new computer last week.——只强调动作发 生在过去。 I have bought a new computer.——不强调动作什么时候 发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。
（2）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动 作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、 “过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的 时间副词just(句中）, already(句中，句末）, before(句末）, yet（句末）, never（句中）, ever （句中）,recently(句末)等状语连用。例如：
Since+过去的某一时刻, since last week, since 2008… +一段时间+ago, since 3 days ago…, +点时间 一般过去时态的时间状语从句： since you came，
Let’ try!
用since或for填空：
1.I have been at this school _______ for more than two years. 2. She has worked in the factory _______ since ten years ago. 3. Mr. Green has lived in the city ________ since he was born. 4. His father has been a party member ______ for twenty years.
Let’s try! I’m sure you can do it well! 1.I ________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing! have seen saw I ________(see) it one month ago. 2.--Is your grandfather still alive? --No, he _____already ______(die). has died did die --When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die). died 3.---I _______just have _______ heard (hear) of the earthquake in Tangshan. ---The earthquake? happened ---Yes, it _________(happen) on March 6th, three days ago.
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完 成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语， 不能与表示过去的时间连用。 ◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week， …ago, in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状 语。 ◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in the past/last few years等不确定 的时间状语。
Eddie has eaten my food. (Hobo has nothing to eat now.)
1.Eddie has just eaten my food. (Eddie刚已经吃了我的 食物。） 2.I have never heard of that before.（我以前从未听说过 那件事） 3. Have you ever ridden a horse?（你曾经骑过马吗？） 4.She has already finished the work. （她早已经完成这个工作了。） 5.We haven’t finished our homework yet. (我们还没有完成作业呢。)
began 4.Mr. Li _______(begin) to work in this factory in 1990. He ___________ has worked (work) in the factory for 20 years.
5. The Greens _________(live) has lived in China since they _______(move) here in 2003. moved
Grammar
English Teaching-group of Grade Eight
Learning aims:
1. Master t perfect tense (PPT).
三、现在完成时的构成 （1）肯定句：
I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词） +其它。 He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。 e.g. have finished their homework. (finish） They ______________ has finished He ______________his homework. （finish)
（掌握现在完成时的基本结构、用法。）
2. Learn the rules of forming the past participle of verbs.
（学习动词的过去分词变化规则。）
3. Learn some time expressions usually used in PPT.
（学习常用在现在完成时里的时间表达方式。）
一、现在完成时的含义
（1）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也 许还会持续下去的动作或状态。和表示延续的时间 状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意： 句中谓语动词要用延续性动词） 时间状语的表达方法有两种: for: + 一段时间 for a year, for two weeks,
二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙 述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。 而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成 的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。 I bought a new computer last week.——只强调动作发 生在过去。 I have bought a new computer.——不强调动作什么时候 发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。
（2）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动 作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、 “过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的 时间副词just(句中）, already(句中，句末）, before(句末）, yet（句末）, never（句中）, ever （句中）,recently(句末)等状语连用。例如：
Since+过去的某一时刻, since last week, since 2008… +一段时间+ago, since 3 days ago…, +点时间 一般过去时态的时间状语从句： since you came，
Let’ try!
用since或for填空：
1.I have been at this school _______ for more than two years. 2. She has worked in the factory _______ since ten years ago. 3. Mr. Green has lived in the city ________ since he was born. 4. His father has been a party member ______ for twenty years.
Let’s try! I’m sure you can do it well! 1.I ________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing! have seen saw I ________(see) it one month ago. 2.--Is your grandfather still alive? --No, he _____already ______(die). has died did die --When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die). died 3.---I _______just have _______ heard (hear) of the earthquake in Tangshan. ---The earthquake? happened ---Yes, it _________(happen) on March 6th, three days ago.
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完 成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语， 不能与表示过去的时间连用。 ◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week， …ago, in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状 语。 ◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in the past/last few years等不确定 的时间状语。
Eddie has eaten my food. (Hobo has nothing to eat now.)
1.Eddie has just eaten my food. (Eddie刚已经吃了我的 食物。） 2.I have never heard of that before.（我以前从未听说过 那件事） 3. Have you ever ridden a horse?（你曾经骑过马吗？） 4.She has already finished the work. （她早已经完成这个工作了。） 5.We haven’t finished our homework yet. (我们还没有完成作业呢。)
began 4.Mr. Li _______(begin) to work in this factory in 1990. He ___________ has worked (work) in the factory for 20 years.
5. The Greens _________(live) has lived in China since they _______(move) here in 2003. moved
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【最新】牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1 Grammar1课件.ppt
Unit 1 Past and present
Grammar (A) Present perfect tense
Now let’s watch a cartoon film.
■ I have watched this cartoon film. I watched it 2 weeks ago.
Let’ try!
用since或for填空： 1.I have been at this school ______f_o_r____ more than two years. 2. She has worked in the factory _____s_in_c_e___ ten years ago. 3. Mr. Green has lived in the city _____s_in_c_e____ he was born. 4. His father has been a party member ______fo_r____ twenty years.
(3)一般疑问句及回答
---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？ ---Yes, I/you/we/they have. ---No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
---Has +she/he/it+p.p(过去分词） +其它？ ---Yes, she/he/it has. ---No, she/he/it hasn’t. e.g.
（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）
Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. 埃迪已经和米莉居住在一起四年了。
（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）
Grammar (A) Present perfect tense
Now let’s watch a cartoon film.
■ I have watched this cartoon film. I watched it 2 weeks ago.
Let’ try!
用since或for填空： 1.I have been at this school ______f_o_r____ more than two years. 2. She has worked in the factory _____s_in_c_e___ ten years ago. 3. Mr. Green has lived in the city _____s_in_c_e____ he was born. 4. His father has been a party member ______fo_r____ twenty years.
(3)一般疑问句及回答
---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？ ---Yes, I/you/we/they have. ---No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
---Has +she/he/it+p.p(过去分词） +其它？ ---Yes, she/he/it has. ---No, she/he/it hasn’t. e.g.
（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）
Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. 埃迪已经和米莉居住在一起四年了。
（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）
牛津译林版八年级下册英语《Travelling》GrammarPPT课件
3.A:Where are your parents now? I haven’t seen them for a long time.
B:They h__a_v_e_g_o__n_e_ to Xiamen. lie _h_a_s__b_e_e_n__ to many places of interest
My uncle has been to America twice, but I have never been there.
2.Nick 在哪里？他去了图书馆。
Where is Nick? He has gone to the library.
3.Kitty和爸爸妈妈去了香港，她们一个礼拜之后回来。
8e/go have (has) been in/at
9.begin/start have (has) been on
10.stop
have (has) been over
延续性动词特点 (have / has been )
join the Rockets six years ago
Yao Ming joined the Rockets six years ago. He h_a_s_b_e_e_n__in the Rockets since six years ago.
week. × He has bought a car since 2007.
√ He has not bought any new car since 2007.
√ He has had a car since 2007.
1.buy
have (has) had
2.borrow have (has) kept
某人去过某地，现在已经回来了。
B:They h__a_v_e_g_o__n_e_ to Xiamen. lie _h_a_s__b_e_e_n__ to many places of interest
My uncle has been to America twice, but I have never been there.
2.Nick 在哪里？他去了图书馆。
Where is Nick? He has gone to the library.
3.Kitty和爸爸妈妈去了香港，她们一个礼拜之后回来。
8e/go have (has) been in/at
9.begin/start have (has) been on
10.stop
have (has) been over
延续性动词特点 (have / has been )
join the Rockets six years ago
Yao Ming joined the Rockets six years ago. He h_a_s_b_e_e_n__in the Rockets since six years ago.
week. × He has bought a car since 2007.
√ He has not bought any new car since 2007.
√ He has had a car since 2007.
1.buy
have (has) had
2.borrow have (has) kept
某人去过某地，现在已经回来了。
优秀课件牛津译林版8下Unit1 Grammar课件 (共18张PPT)
3. 一般疑问句及回答： 将have/has提到句首
Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词---？ Yes, --- have/has. No, --- haven’t/hasn’t.
e.g.
_______you _______the film?(watch) Have watched Yes, I _______. have Has watched _______your father ________the film?(watch) hasn’t No, he _______.
2. 否定句：
主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词
e.g. They haven’t _______________ finished their homework yet. (finish）
He _______________ hasn’t finished his homework yet. （finish)
His grandfather has been dead for 3 years. 他的爷爷去世三年了。 2. 过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响 Eddie has eaten Hobo's food. 埃迪吃了我的食物。 3.从过去到现在某一动作发生的次数 I have seen the film three times. 这部电影我已经看了三遍了。
对for/since引导的时间词提问用How long
8. 其它：so far 到目前为止 over/during the years 在过去的数年期间 in the past ten years 在过去的十年里 twice/many times 两次/许多次 over the past century在过去的一个世纪里
牛津译林版八年级英语下册《Unit 1-Grammar》课件(共45张PPT)
用法1：表示过去开始的动作或状态已经结束，但是 对现在有影响
Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard.
(他已经擦过黑板了。) 这句话所表示强调的结果是 黑板现在是干净的。
He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years. He has studied French.
2现在完成时的否定句
句型 主语+have/has not(haven't/hasn't)+过去分词
I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t been to Beijing since then. She hasn’t eaten it. They haven’t finished the work.
现在完成时态 1
Present perfect tense
When did you have breakfast?
He has had breakfast.
When did you study in Qingtan Middle School?
You have studied here for about two years
用法2. 表示过去的动作一直持续到现在甚至未来
时间状语: since, for
现在完成时 + since +
过去的时间点 since 1990, since last year
句子（一般过去式） since I went to school
牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit1 Grammar精品课件 (共24张PPT)
时间段+ ago；3)since+ 从句。
已经，常用于否定句，疑问句尾。 for 长达……，for+ 时间段。 recently 最近，常用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句 中。 ever just 曾经，常用于疑问句。 刚刚，用于肯定句中。
一般现在时和现在完成的区别
一、概念不同
一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过 去的事情，强调动作，和现在没有关系。 和现在不发生关系。 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的 影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
现在完成时定义
现在完成时定义三要素： 1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。 3.一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在(也许还将 持续下去)。
观察与思考
1
I have just eaten it.
You have cleaned up the window.
6. Our teacher __________(teach) us a lot about the history has taught
of China.
C. Help Millie and Sandy complete the conversation
Millie: (1)_____ any films recently, Have you ______(see) seen
二、句型转换。 1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句) She _________ cleaned the kitchen ________. hasn’t yet 2. They have visited some interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)
牛津译林版八年级下册英语课件Unit 1 Grammar(1)
already washed the dishes ( already, ever) 7 He has _______ yet .(already, 8 We have not completed the project ____ for, yet)
Step3: While –task Task2: Learn the rules Forming the past participle of verbs
1 Have you done your homework _____ yet ? ( for, just, yet) never been to Chengdu. ( for, never, yet) 2 I have ______ 3 He has worked there since _____ he left school. (already just, since) for nine years. ( for, never 4 She has known Sam ______ since) 5 Have you _______ ever ridden a horse? ( ever, for, yet) just arrived. (ever, just, yet) 6 They have _____
Exercises
• • • • 1. I ________(have) have had lunch already. arrived 2. Has the train_______ (arrive), yet? been to has 3.Tome ____ never_______ (be to ) China. has seen 4. The twin ______just _____(see) my father. saw • 5. The twins ____(see) my father just now.
Step3: While –task Task2: Learn the rules Forming the past participle of verbs
1 Have you done your homework _____ yet ? ( for, just, yet) never been to Chengdu. ( for, never, yet) 2 I have ______ 3 He has worked there since _____ he left school. (already just, since) for nine years. ( for, never 4 She has known Sam ______ since) 5 Have you _______ ever ridden a horse? ( ever, for, yet) just arrived. (ever, just, yet) 6 They have _____
Exercises
• • • • 1. I ________(have) have had lunch already. arrived 2. Has the train_______ (arrive), yet? been to has 3.Tome ____ never_______ (be to ) China. has seen 4. The twin ______just _____(see) my father. saw • 5. The twins ____(see) my father just now.
译林版英语八年级下册第一单元现在完成时讲解及练习
译林版英语八年级下册第一单元现在完成时讲解及练习8B Unit 1Past and Present（第一课时）Grammar I )研究目的】初步认识和了解现在完成时的构成和用法。
课前准备】一、查字典，写出下列单词的意思,并且熟记他们。
（★★★）1、already _____________2、yet ________________3、just ___________________4、ever _________________5、never _____________6、before _________________7、since three years ago _______________8、for three years ______________二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词，同时也要熟记。
1、teach_______ ________2、bring _______ ________3、get _______ ________t4、know _______ ________5、grow_______ ________6、find_______ ________7、hold _______ ________8、show_______ ________9、keep_______ ________10、leave_______ ________11、lose_______ ________12、run_______ ________13、swim_______ ________14、drive_______ ________ 15、begin_______ ________三、尝试着阅读下面的知识链接，看看是否可以理解。
知识链接】现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”一、现在完成时的结构：助动词have / has +动词的过去分词( Past Participle )其中have / has为助动词,因而它的否定和疑问句形式全部由have / has进行变化。
【最新】牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1 Grammar公开课课件.ppt
近”
since: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句，表示“自---以 后”
yet: 疑问句/否定句，表示“已经”或者“还 没有”
Exercises
1. I h__a_v_e_h_a_d_(have) lunch already. 2. Has the train_a_r_r_iv_e_d_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tome _h_a_s_ never_b_e_e_n__to_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin __h_a_s__just _s_e_e_n_(see) my
an action that started in the past and continues to the present.表示过去开始，现在还在继续的 动作。
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
Subject (主语)
have / has + (not)
（助动词）
past participle (过去分词)
I/You/We/They He/She/It
have (not) has (not)
moved. moved.
一般疑问句
Have/ Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分
Ha词ve
I/you/we/they
（学习动词的过去分词变化规则。）
3. Learn some time expressions usually used in PPT.
（学习常用在现在完成时里的时间表达方式。）
since: 肯定句/否定句/疑问句，表示“自---以 后”
yet: 疑问句/否定句，表示“已经”或者“还 没有”
Exercises
1. I h__a_v_e_h_a_d_(have) lunch already. 2. Has the train_a_r_r_iv_e_d_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tome _h_a_s_ never_b_e_e_n__to_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin __h_a_s__just _s_e_e_n_(see) my
an action that started in the past and continues to the present.表示过去开始，现在还在继续的 动作。
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
Subject (主语)
have / has + (not)
（助动词）
past participle (过去分词)
I/You/We/They He/She/It
have (not) has (not)
moved. moved.
一般疑问句
Have/ Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分
Ha词ve
I/you/we/they
（学习动词的过去分词变化规则。）
3. Learn some time expressions usually used in PPT.
（学习常用在现在完成时里的时间表达方式。）
牛津译林版8A Unit1 Friends grammar课件(共30张PPT)
Which/Who is …, A, B or C? etc.
We add ‘the’ before the superlatives.
adjective
clean short cute happy
comparative
cleaner shorter cuter happier lazier bigger
Words, phrases and sentences you may use clever strong fast noisy exciting interesting dangerous delicious sweet healthy helpful smart generous humourous much+~er ~er than the ~est of the three/ of all/ in one's ... Which/ Who is ~er, A or B? Which/ Who is the ~est, A, B or C?
The first pig is quite fat.
The second pig is even fatter.
The third pig is the fattest among the three.
Compare them
Conclusion
1. We use comparatives to compare two people or things when we see … in the sentence than, much, even, still, a little, of the two , Which/Who is …, A or B? etc. 2. We use superlatives to compare three or more people or things when we see … the, of…, in …, among…
牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Grammar公开课课件
since Monday. 4. We __h__a_v_e_n_’_t _s_e_e_n___(not see) each other for years. 5. My parents _h_a_v_e_n__’t_c__o_m__e_(not come) back yet. 6. Our teacher __h_a_s__t_a_u_g_h__t _(teach) us a lot about the
e.g.
1. ---_H__a_v_e__ you ever__m__e_t__ Xiao Caiqi before? (meet）
---No, I haven’t 2.---_H__a_s__ she _b_e_c__o_m__e__very popular recently?（become)
---Yes, She has
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现在完成时的基本结构 （1）肯定句：
I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词）+其它。 He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。
e.g. We __h_a_v_e__k_n_o_w_n___ Xiao Caiqi. (know）
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现在完成时用法
一.表示过去发生或已完成的作对现在造 成的影响和结果。
Where is the food? Eddie has just eaten it.
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9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做； 要学生 学的知 识，教 职员躬 亲共学 ；要学 生守的 规则， 教职员 躬亲共 守。2021/7/242021/7/24Saturday, July 24, 2021
e.g.
1. ---_H__a_v_e__ you ever__m__e_t__ Xiao Caiqi before? (meet）
---No, I haven’t 2.---_H__a_s__ she _b_e_c__o_m__e__very popular recently?（become)
---Yes, She has
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现在完成时
现在完成时的基本结构
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主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的基本结构 （1）肯定句：
I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词）+其它。 He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。
e.g. We __h_a_v_e__k_n_o_w_n___ Xiao Caiqi. (know）
上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时用法
一.表示过去发生或已完成的作对现在造 成的影响和结果。
Where is the food? Eddie has just eaten it.
上一页
主菜单
下一页
9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做； 要学生 学的知 识，教 职员躬 亲共学 ；要学 生守的 规则， 教职员 躬亲共 守。2021/7/242021/7/24Saturday, July 24, 2021