2012年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

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2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题【圣才出品】

2012年沈阳师范大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题科目代码：357科目名称：英语翻译基础一、词语翻译。

(共30题，每题1分，合计30分)1.英译汉。

将下列单词或短语译成汉语（共15题，每题1分，合计15分）。

1)Archilles’heel2)Adoration of the Magi3)American Indian Movement 4)euthanasia5)eleven-plus6)Emmy Award7)The Boston Tea Party8)Arlington National Cemetery9)Dear John Letter 10)The Emancipation Proclamation11)the Maldives12)Moby-Dick13)Ode to a Nightingale14)Piccadilly Circus15)fundamentalism2.汉译英。

将下列单词或短语译成英语（共15题，每题1分，合计15分）。

1)《纯真时代》2)亚马逊雨林3)《坎特伯雷故事集》4)《资本论》5)启蒙时代6)落基山脉7)五大湖8)大英博物馆9)英国下院10)金门桥11)格林尼治时间12)大熔炉13)转基因食品14)欧盟15)《吉尼斯世界纪录》二、句子翻译。

（共20题，每题2分，合计40分）1.把下列谚语、名言翻译成汉语。

（共5题，每题2分，合计10分）。

请考生必须写出句子的引申意义，只译出表面意义会减分。

1）It is all Greek to me.2）All lay loads on a willing horse.3）Clogs to clogs is only three generations.4）In the country of the blind,the one-eyed man is king.5）In wine there’s truth.2.把下列句子译成汉语。

2012年中南大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2012年中南大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.There are altogether30items in this part of the test, 15in English and15in Chinese,with one point for each(30′)1.UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织2.APEC【答案】亚太经合组织3.UPU【答案】万国邮政联盟4.ASEAN【答案】东南亚国家联盟5.WIPO【答案】世界知识产权组织6.UNCF【答案】联合国儿童基金会7.OPEC【答案】石油输出国组织8.GNP【答案】国民生产总值9.NGO【答案】非政府组织10.quantitative easing monetary policy 【答案】量化宽松的货币政策11.securities margin trading【答案】证券信用交易12.disaster preparedness【答案】防灾13.credit risk【答案】信用危机14.structural imported inflation【答案】结构性、输入性通胀15.haphazard investment【答案】盲目投资16.朝阳产业【答案】sunrise industry17.风险防范机制【答案】risk prevention mechanism18.最低生活保障制度【答案】minimum living allowance system19.千人计划【答案】Thousand Talents Program20.生态移民【答案】ecological migration21.物联网【答案】Internet of Things22.节能减排【答案】energy saving and emission reduction23.探月工程【答案】lunar exploration program24.胶囊公寓【答案】capsule apartment25.阶梯计价【答案】tiered pricing26.农产品流通体系【答案】circulation system of agricultural products27.载人航天【答案】manned space flight28.放宽市场准入【答案】expand market access29.保税区【答案】bonded area30.文明联盟【答案】Alliance of CivilizationsII.Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target!language respectively.(120′)Source Text1:It is becoming clear that a whole range of phenomena are transmitted through networks of friends in ways that are not entirely understood:happiness and depression,obesity,drinking and smoking habits,ill-health,the inclination to turn out and vote in elections,a taste for certain music or food,a preference for online privacy,even the tendency to attempt or think about suicide.They ripple through networks“like pebbles thrown into a pond”，says Nicholas Christakis,a medical sociologist at Harvard Medical School in Boston,who has pioneered much of the new work.At first sight,the idea that we can catch the moods,habits and state of health not only of those around us,but also those we do not even know seems alarming.It implies that rather than being in charge of where we are going in life,we are little more than back-seat drivers,since most social influence operates at a subconsciouslevel.But we need not be alarmed,says Duncan Watts,a sociologist at Columbia University,New York.“Social influence is mostly a good thing.We should embrace the fact that we’re inherently social creatures and that much of who we are and what we do is determined by forces that are outside the little circle we draw around ourselves.”What’s more,by being aware of the effects of social contagion we may be able to find ways to counter it,or use it to our own benefit.“There’s no doubt people can have some control over their networks and that this in turn can affect their lives,”says Christakis.To get an idea of what is going on,take Christakis’findings on the spread of happiness,which were published last month.His team looked at a network of several thousand friends,relatives,neighbors and work colleagues.They found that happy people tend to be clustered together,not because they naturally orientate towards each other,but because of the way happiness spreads through social contact over time,regardless of people’s conscious choice of friends.(337words)【关键词】inherently天性地，固有地contagion传染，传染病【参考译文】人们越来越清晰地认识到，一系列的现象以令人捉摸不透的方式在社交圈内传递：快乐和忧郁、肥胖症、饮酒和抽烟的习惯、不健康的身体状况、参加竞选投票的倾向、对某种音乐或食物的喜好、对网上隐私的偏好、甚至尝试或考虑自杀的倾向。

2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、英汉词组互译（30分）1. EQ【答案】情商2. IAEA【答案】国际原子能机构3. HDTV【答案】高清晰电视4. NMD【答案】国家导弹防御系统5. CBD【答案】中央商务区6. API【答案】空气污染指数7. OA【答案】办公自动化8. VOD【答案】视频点播9. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 【答案】联合国贸易和发展会议10. North American Free Trade Area【答案】北美自由贸易区11. consumer goods【答案】生活消费品12. endangered animal species【答案】濒危动物物种13. genetic engineering【答案】基因工程14. sewage treatment plants【答案】污水处理厂15. trade surplus【答案】贸易顺差16. 非政府组织【答案】NGO (non-governmental organization)17. 软件开发【答案】software development18. 野生生物保护【答案】wildlife conservation19. 矿产资源【答案】mineral resources20. 批发价【答案】wholesale price21. 技术转让【答案】transfer of technology22. 经济过热【答案】overheated economy23. 外汇储备【答案】foreign exchange reserves24. 计划生育【答案】family planning25. 三角债【答案】chain debts26. 购买力【答案】purchasing power27. 关税【答案】tariff28. 经济杠杆【答案】economic leverage29. 宏观调控【答案】macro-control30. 国际标准化【答案】international standardization二、将下列文章译成汉语（60分）Unintended consequences can be a byproduct of sweeping change. When Henry Ford invented the automobile, the world was transformed by its speed and convenience. Few people, if any, considered what millions of automobiles might mean for the world's energy supply and climate a century down the road. Similarly, with the proliferation of personal computer, businesses and consumers quickly realized the cost and time-saving benefits of the Internet, e-mail and high-speed broadband. Information technology transformed the information age, and global commerce, by making it dramatically easier to manage information, communication, perform research, play the shop.Nowhere is this more evident than in US efforts to reduce energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. The days when businesses could send a product into the marketplace without first considering how it might impact the environment are over. Dell was founded with the vision that the customers could be best served through direct relationships. Twenty-three years later, the direct relationship—now a corner-stone of many global companies—can be one of our most valuable tools in collective efforts to reduce energy consumption and protect the environment.The ever-accelerating pace of innovation also created the need for manufactures to look at—and deal with—the entire lifecycle of the technology they created. We also should make a commitment to maintain responsibility throughout a product's entire lifecycle. This starts with design and ends when the product is no longer wanted. We should then recover it and provide updates on our progress. Global industry has been a catalyst for innovation and opportunity since the early days of the industrial revolution. More than two centuries later, the same entrepreneurial spirit and competition that led to the automobile and personal computer can bring new environmental-friendly ventures.【参考译文】势不可挡的变化可能带来意想不到的后果。

2013年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷

2013年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：68.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.UNCED（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.ROI（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.UNFPA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.LDCs（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ PC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.ASEAN（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.food security（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.endowment insurance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.traffic performance index（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.advertising slot（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.mutation in gene（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.hunger-marketing strategy（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.Skopostheory（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.translation brief（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.intra-textual coherence（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.购买力（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.师德（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.民生（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.数字化进程（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.经济法制化（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 23.优惠的税收政策（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 24.社会知识化（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 25.政治体制改革（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 26.机构臃肿（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.医德医风（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.文化逆差（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.温饱工程（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.再就业工程（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 31.反腐倡廉（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________32.生态环境恶化（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________34.The therapeutic benefits of laughter are widely known, however, and this is intriguing from the standpoint of basic science. Laughter is one of the most fundamental components of human behavior, transcending all age and cultural boundaries. It produces a hit of pure, direct pleasure. Yet scientists still do not understand what is happening in the brain to give such a positive ughter breaks all the rules of survival. It uses up energy, makes predator-attracting noise and serves no obvious function in terms of gaining nourishment, accomplishing reproduction, or protecting from danger; yet it appears to be as natural as breathing. So fundamental is it, in fact, that people in all societies spend time—and often money—engineering themselves into situations where laughter is likely. It must be there for a reason.From psychological, zoological, medical and neuro-scientific standpoints, then, laughter should be at the top of the scientific research list. As a medicine it would be cheap and side-effect free; it ought to be promoted.But would scientific enquiry rob laughter of its quintessential merit, the elusive "feel-good factor"? There is no reason why this should be so. True, analyzing subjective conscious experience is one of the biggest and hardest questions facing those working on the brain, and laughter and pure fun are perhaps the hardest aspects of consciousness to come to grips with.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________35.But each time you recover that hallowed self-esteem, you renew a fight to maintain it. Each time you go to a job interview and give them your best and they hire someone else, you go another round with yourself and your self-esteem. Your unemployment seems to drag on beyond all justification. You start to glimpse a stranger in your rearview mirror. The stranger suddenly looks like a bum. You look at her with clinical curiosity. Hmmm. Obviously into the chronic stages, definitely not employable.We unemployed share a social stigma similar to that of the rape victim. Whether consciously or subconsciously, much of the work-ethic-driven public feels that you have somehow "asked for it, " secretly wanted to lose your job and "flirted" with unemployment through your attitude.(127 words)(30 points)-------From How it feels to be out of work?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________36.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________37.中华民族文化历史悠久，起源很早，内容极为丰富，是东方文明的主要组成部分。

燕山大学考研英语-翻译专项试题

燕山大学考研英语-翻译专项试题一、考研英语翻译英译汉1． As you have done the market survey, I would like to discuss with you the possibility of selling our products in the US.A) 因为美国产品有市场，所以我们要研究开发我们产品的可能性。

B) 因为你有市场资料，所以我希望与你讨论美国产品的销售情况。

C) 你已经作了市场调查，所以我想和你讨论在美国销售我们产品的可能性。

D) 你已了解了市场，因此我希望能与你商讨在美国开发我们产品的可能性。

【答案】C2． With all its disadvantages, the new design they have submitted should still be considered as one of the best at present.A) 尽管他们提交的这个新设计有种种不足，但仍应视为目前最佳设计之一。

B) 尽管有许多不利因素，他们做出的新设计仍然被视为目前最佳设计之一。

C) 如果没有这些缺陷，他们的新设计就应该被视为迄今为止最佳的一种设计。

D) 如果没有这么多不利因素，他们的新设计就应该作为目前最佳的一个方案。

【答案】A3． Women would double their risk of suffering from lung cancer if they were exposed to 40 or more years of household tobacco smoke.A) 妇女在家里吸烟长达410年或更长时间，她们患肺癌的痛苦就会加倍。

B) 家庭妇女接触油烟，她们患肺癌的痛苦就会加倍。

C) 妇女在家里吸烟的时间，她们患肺癌的危险就会加倍。

D) 妇女在吸烟的家庭环境中生活40年或更长时间，她们患肺癌的风险就会加倍。

大连外国语大学高级翻译学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题

目　录2010年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2010年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列短语译成汉语（1）UNDP: United Nations Development Program【答案】联合国开发计划署（2）TMD: theater missile defense (system)【答案】战区导弹防御（系统）（3）OTC: Over the Counter【答案】非处方（药）（4）IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织（5）NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 【答案】美国国家航空和宇宙航行局（6）GPS Global Position System【答案】全球定位系统（7）cruise missile【答案】巡航导弹（8）irrevocable letter of credit【答案】不可撤销信用证（9）critical pressure【答案】临界电压（10）insulating board【答案】绝缘板（11）refugee camp【答案】难民营（12）intellectual property right【答案】知识产权（13）notary public office【答案】公证处（14）financial deficit【答案】财政赤字（15）Reuters【答案】（英国）路透社二、将下列短语译成英语（1）多次入境签证【答案】Multiple entry visa（2）反导弹卫星【答案】Anti missile satellite（3）国际标准化组织【答案】international organization for standardization （4）对外经济贸易委员会【答案】Foreign economy and Trade Committee（5）中国民航【答案】Civil Aviation Administration of China; CAAC （6）臭氧层【答案】ozone layer（7）跳台跳水【答案】platform diving（8）载人宇宙飞船【答案】manned spaceship（9）候机大厅【答案】The lobby of the airport（10）国务院【答案】the Sate Council（11）（美国）联邦储备委员会【答案】Federal Reserve Board（12）联合国儿童基金会【答案】UNICEF（13）物联网【答案】Internet of things（14）核心利益和重大关切【答案】Core interests and major concerns（15）中国远洋运输总公司【答案】China Ocean Shipping Company三、将下列短文译成汉语PASSAGE 1The Obama administration on Monday plans to announce a campaign to pressure mortgage companies to reduce payments for many more troubled homeowners, as evidence mounts that a $75 billion taxpayer-financed effort aimed at stemming foreclosures is foundering.“The banks are not doing a good enough job，” Michael S. Barr, Treasury’s assistant secretary for financial institutions, said in an interview Friday.“Some of the firms ought to be embarrassed, and they will be.”（选自《纽约时报》）【参考译文】奥巴马政府计划在周一宣布一项给抵押放款公司施压使其减少对更多的陷入困境的私房所有者放贷的运动。

2011年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2011年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30 points)1. UNFAO【答案】联合国粮食及农业组织（United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization）2. UPI【答案】合众国际社（United Press International）3. IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会（International Olympic Committee）4. CIA【答案】中央情报局（Central Intelligence Agency）5. UNGA【答案】联合国大会（the United Nations General Assembly）6. GDP【答案】国内生产总值（Gross Domestic Product）7. WHO【答案】世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）8. Federal Reserve System【答案】联邦储备系统9. aging society【答案】老龄化社会10. trade deficit【答案】贸易逆差；贸易赤字11. junk bond【答案】垃圾债券；价格低但风险大的债券12. the United States Secretary of Labor【答案】美国劳工部长13. the Engel’s Coefficient【答案】恩格尔系数14. Boxing Day【答案】节礼日；圣诞节后的第一个工作日15. La Nina phenomenon【答案】拉尼娜现象16. 公务员【答案】civil servant17. 恶性循环【答案】vicious circle18. 安定团结【答案】stability and unity19. 综合国力【答案】Comprehensive National Power20. 流行文化【答案】popular culture21. 旅游黄金周【答案】golden week for tourism22. 天道酬勤【答案】God help those who help themselves.23. 经济全球化【答案】economic globalization24. 资源配置【答案】allocation of resources25. 《中庸》【答案】The Doctrine of Mean26. 扬长避短【答案】to enhance advantage and avoid disadvantage27. 外向型经济【答案】export-oriented economy28. 科学发展观【答案】scientific development concept29. 和为贵【答案】Harmony is to be prized.30. 留得靑山在，不怕没柴烧。

(NEW)燕山大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解

目　录2011年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2014年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2015年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2016年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30 points)1．UNFAO【答案】联合国粮食及农业组织（United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization）2．UPI【答案】合众国际社（United Press International）3．IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会（International Olympic Committee）4．CIA【答案】中央情报局（Central Intelligence Agency）5．UNGA【答案】联合国大会（the United Nations General Assembly）6．GDP【答案】国内生产总值（Gross Domestic Product）7．WHO【答案】世界卫生组织（World Health Organization）8．Federal Reserve System【答案】联邦储备系统　9．aging society【答案】老龄化社会10．trade deficit【答案】贸易逆差；贸易赤字11．junk bond【答案】垃圾债券；价格低但风险大的债券12．the United States Secretary of Labor【答案】美国劳工部长13．the Engel’s Coefficient【答案】恩格尔系数14．Boxing Day【答案】节礼日；圣诞节后的第一个工作日15．La Nina phenomenon【答案】拉尼娜现象16．公务员【答案】civil servant17．恶性循环【答案】vicious circle18．安定团结【答案】stability and unity19．综合国力【答案】Comprehensive National Power20．流行文化【答案】popular culture21．旅游黄金周【答案】golden week for tourism22．天道酬勤【答案】God help those who help themselves. 23．经济全球化【答案】economic globalization24．资源配置【答案】allocation of resources25．《中庸》【答案】The Doctrine of Mean26．扬长避短【答案】to enhance advantage and avoid disadvantage 27．外向型经济【答案】export-oriented economy28．科学发展观【答案】scientific development concept29．和为贵【答案】Harmony is to be prized.30．留得靑山在，不怕没柴烧。

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2012年燕山大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30 分)
1. UNICEF
【答案】联合国儿童基金会（United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund）
2. CPI
【答案】消费物价指数（Consumer Price Index）
3. UNESCO
【答案】联合国教科文组织（United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization）
4. UNDP
【答案】联合国开发计划署（United Nations Development Program）
5. ISO
【答案】国际标准化组织（International Standardization Organization）；国际科学组织（International Science Organization）
6. WMO
【答案】世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization）
7. World Habitat Day
【答案】世界住房日
8. Law of Protection of Minors
【答案】未成年人保护法
9. registered capital
【答案】注册资本
10. intermediary services
【答案】中介服务
11. biodegradable substance
【答案】可生物降解物质
12. life-long learning system
【答案】终身学习体系
13. disguised inflation
【答案】变相涨价；变相通货膨胀
14. stock option
【答案】职工优先认股权
15. A stitch in time saves nine.
【答案】小洞不补，大洞吃苦；一针及时顶九针。

16. 核心竞争力
【答案】core competence
17. 社会保障体系
【答案】social security system
18. 外汇储备
【答案】foreign exchange reserves
19. 市场准入
【答案】market access
20. 人才流失
【答案】brain drain
21. 娱乐业
【答案】entertainment industry
22. 孔子学院
【答案】Confucius Institute
23. 棍棒教育
【答案】stick parenting
24. 不良贷款
【答案】bad loans
25. 打假
【答案】crack down on fake products
26. 科教兴国
【答案】rejuvenate our country through science and education
27. 国际经济新秩序
【答案】new international economic order
28. 趋利避害
【答案】draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages
29. 可持续发展战略
【答案】the strategy of sustainable development
30. 知识经济时代
【答案】the era of knowledge economy
II. Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120 分)
Source Text 1:
For millennia man has exploited and often destroyed the riches of the land. Now man covets the wealth of the oceans, which cover nearly three-quarters of the earth. But the scramble for minerals and oil, for new underwater empires, could heighten international tensions and set a new and wider stage for world conflict.
Even the most conservative estimates of resources in the seabed stagger the imagination. In the millions of miles of ocean that touch a hundred nations live four out of five living things on earth. In the seabed, minerals and oil have been proved
to exist in lavish supply. The oceans are a source of pure water and food protein; of drugs and building materials; they are even possibly a habitat for man himself and a key to survival for the doubling population on the land.
Man may yet learn to use a tiny fraction of this wealth. Unless international law soon determines how it shall be shared, that fraction alone could set off a new age of colonial war. Is the deep seabed, like the high seas, common to all? Or like the wilderness areas of land, is it open to national claim by the use and occupation of the first or the strongest pioneer? The question of what is to be done to regulate and control exploitation of the seabeds is no longer a theoretical matter. It is a problem of international concern. We must decide how to divide this great wealth equitably among nations. But wealth is not the only thing at stake. We must also learn how to protect the oceans from the menace of pollution.
More familiar to most of us is the accelerated pace of offshore drilling that now extends more than 50 miles out to sea and accounts for 15 percent of U.S. oil production. In the twelve years between 1955 and 1967, offshore production of crude oil increased from seven million to 222 million barrels. Estimates of known reserves of natural gas have more than tripled in the past 15 years, and each advance in scientific exploration of the ocean beds brings to light new finds that would gladden the eye of the most hardened veteran of the California gold rush. (371 words)
【参考译文】
几千年以来,人类不断地开发和经常破坏陆地上的财富。

而现在人类则又渴望觊觎占地。