八年级英语上册第七单元重要知识点汇总(人教版)【DOC范文整理】
八年级英语上册第七单元重要知识点汇总
(人教版)
八年级英语上册第七单元重要知识点汇总
短语:
onputersonpaperlivetobe200yearsoldfreetie
indangerontheearthplayapartinsthspacestation
looforputerprograerinthefuturehuandredsof
thesae…asoverandoveragaingetboredaeup
looliefalldon
用法:
ill+动词原形将要做feer/ore+可数名词复数更少/更多…
less/ore+不可数名词更少/更多trytodosth.尽力做某事
havetodosth不得不做某事agreeithsb.同意某人的意见
such+名词如此playapartindoingsth参与做某事
aesbdosth让某人做某事helpsbithsth帮助某人做某事Thereillbe+主语+其他将会有….Thereis/are+sb.+doingsth有…正在做…
Itis+形容词+forsb+todosth做某事对某人来说…的
hatillthefuturebelie?citiesillbeorepolluted.Andther eillbefeertrees.
illpeopleuseoneyin100years?No,theyon’t.Everythingillbefree.
illtherebeorldpeace?yes,Ihopeso.
idsillstuffyathoeonputers.Theyon’tgotoschool.
countablenounsUncountablenouns
Thereillbeorepeople.Thereillbeorepollution.
Thereillbefeertrees.Thereillbelessfreetie.
every与each的区别:
every用来表整体,each用来表个别。
each最低需是两,every最低需是三。
everyad
every作主用单数,each可单也可复,作主、作定用单数,其他情况用复数。
eachad/pron.
Everyteachernosher.
Therearelotsoftreesoneachsideoftheroad.
Eachoftheroadhasadictionary.
ontheearth在地球上,作地点状语,位于句首或句末。
onearth究竟,到底。
用于疑问句或副词后,加强语气。
Allthelivingthingsontheearthdependonthesun./hatonea
rthdoyouean?
huan,指包括男人女人孩子的“人,人类”,有别于动物,自然景物,机器等的特殊群体,也可指具体的人。
person,无性别之分,常用于数目不太大,而且数目比较精确的场合。
people,泛指“人们”,表示复数概念。
an,前不带冠词而且单独使用时,指“男人”,aan可指“一个人/一个男人”,复数形式为en.
Heastheonlyhuanontheisland.
Thereareonlythreepersonsintheroo.
Thereareanypeoplethere.
anisstrongerthanoan.
see连系动词,好像,似乎,看来。
有下面几种用法:see+名词看起来。
Heseesanicean.
seelie好像,似乎。
Itseeedlieagoodideaatthetie.
seetodosth.似乎/看起来/好像做某事。
Iseetohaveleftybooathoe.
Itsees/seeedthat看起来好像…,似乎….Heasveryhappy.
seetobe+形容词/名词=see+形容词/名词。
Sheseestobehappy.=Sheseeshappy.
probablyad.aybe相当于perhaps.也许,大概,可能。
作状语.
probably用于句中,可能性最大。
Heillprobablyetoorro.
aybe/perhaps用于句首。
aybe/Perhapsyouareright.
during/for/in介词,在……期间。
说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用during;说到某事持续多久则用for;说到某事具体发生的时间用in.
evisitedanyplacesofinterestduringthesuerholiday.
I’vebeenherefortoees.
Theyusuallyleaveschoolinjuly.
一般将来时结构:
肯定式:主语+ill/shall+动词原形+其他ill用于各种人称,shall用于人称。
主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他be随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。
否定式:在ill/shall/be后面加not.illnot=on’t.
一般疑问句:将ill/shall/be提到主语前面。
Therebe句型的一般将来时:
Thereillbe+主语+其他,意为:将会有。
一般疑问句形式为:illtherebe+主语+其他。
肯定回答是:yes,thereill.否定回答是:No,thereon’t.
否定形式是:Thereon’tbe+主语+其他,将不会有……特殊疑问句是:疑问词/词组+一般疑问句? henilltherebeanicebasetballatch?。
八上英语第七单元知识点总结
八上英语第七单元知识点总结第七单元是八年级上册英语的一部分,主要涵盖了与环境和保护相关的话题。
以下是该单元的主要知识点总结:1.词汇本单元中有一些重要的词汇需要掌握,包括:-Environment(环境):指周围的自然和人造条件。
-Pollution(污染):指环境中出现的有害物质或不良因素。
-Reduce(减少):指减少数量或程度。
-Recycle(回收利用):指将废弃物或旧物重新利用。
-Renewable energy(可再生能源):指能够持续供应的能源,如太阳能、风能等。
2.句型和表达方式本单元中涉及到一些句型和表达方式,用于描述环境和保护的相关内容:-We should do some thing to protect the environment.(我们应该采取一些行动来保护环境。
)-It's our responsibility to keep the environment clean.(保持环境干净是我们的责任。
)-We need to reduce the use of plastic bags.(我们需要减少使用塑料袋。
)-Don't litter or waste water.(不要乱扔垃圾或浪费水。
)-Let's plant more trees to make our city greener.(让我们种更多的树,使我们的城市更绿。
)3.语法本单元中涉及到一些重要的语法知识点:-情态动词should的用法:表示建议或责任。
-例如:We should recycle paper and plastic.-现在进行时的用法:表示现在正在进行的动作。
-例如:I am planting flowers in the garden.4.阅读理解和听力技巧本单元的阅读理解和听力材料主要围绕环境和保护展开。
为了提高对阅读和听力材料的理解能力,可以注意以下技巧:-注重上下文的理解,通过上下文来推测词义。
最全面人教版八年级上册英语第七单元知识点归纳总结
Unit 7 Will people have robots?一、词汇与短语● 重点单词A部分1.paper n. 纸;纸张2.pollution n. 污染;污染物3.future n. 将来;未来4.pollute v. 污染5.environment n. 环境6.planet n. 行星7.earth n. 地球;世界8.plant v. 种植n. 植物9.part n. 部分10.peace n. 和平11.sea n. 海;海洋12.build v. 建筑;建造13.sky n. 天空B部分1.apartment n. 公寓套房2.space n. 太空;空间3.human adj. 人的n. 人4.dangerous adj. 有危险的;不安全的5.already adv. 已经;早已6.factory n. 工厂7.believe v.相信;认为有可能8.disagree v.不同意;持不同意见;有分歧9.even adv. 甚至;连;愈加10.shape n. 形状;外形11.probably adv. 很可能;大概12.during prep. 在……期间13.word n. 单词;词● 重点短语A部分1.on computers 在电脑上2.free time 空闲时间3.in great danger处于极大的危险之中4.on the earth 在地球上5.play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事6.world peace 世界和平B部分1.space station 太空站2.help with……在某方面帮忙3.over and over again 多次;反复地4.in the future 在未来5.get bored 感到厌烦的6.wake up 醒来7.disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见8.hundreds of 许多;大量9.fall down 突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌10.look for 寻找● 重点句子A部分1.--Will people use money in 100 years? 一百年后人们还会用饯吗?--No, they won't. Everything will be free. 不,他们不会了。
Unit7知识点人教版八年级英语上册
Unit7 词型转换more pollution—builtbuildingmany buildings6.humanhumans(复数)servantserve sb with sthserve sth to sbdangerousbe in great danger9.factoryfactories(复数)10.agreedisagree(v.不同意)agree to do sthagree with sb11.fall(v.摔倒n.秋天)fell(过去式)fall down 摔倒fall off从…摔落outsideimpossible14.probably(adv.很可能、句中)maybe(可能/大概,句首)He is probably in the library.Maybe he is in the library.Section A 句型1.People will have robots in their homes.2.People won’t use money. Everything will be free.3.Books will only be on puters, not on paper.4.Kids won’t go to school. They will study at home on puters.5.There will be only one country.6.People will live to be 200 years old.7.There will be fewer people.8.There will be less free time.9.There will be more pollution.10.What’s your prediction about the future?11.I don’t think so. / I think so.12.What will the future be like?13.I hope so. / I hope not.14.Cities will be more crowded and polluted.15..There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great danger.16..Will we have to move to other planets?17.We can use less water and plant more trees.18.Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. Section A短语1.a piece of papersome pieces of paper2. live to be 200 years oldlive in an apartment live on a space stationlive on the earth3. fewer people/treesless free time/pollution/water4.in the future5. in the sky / in the seain space / in the country6.protect the environment7.play a part in sth/doing sth8.world peace11.move to other planets12.do the same jobs as people2.Free 空闲的/免费的/自由的in my free timeThe service is free.We live in a free world.4.Will people use money in 100 years ?in +时间段表将来,用how soon 提问My father will e back in three days.How soon will your father e back?Section B 短语1. an astronaut2. in space3. an apartment4.①fly(v.)flew航行,飞行②fly rockets to the moon③ fly to the moon④fly to+地点=go to+地点+by plane/air)⑤fly—flies 苍蝇(n.)5.①名前such ,形副so多多少少还用so(many/much/little/few)②such a nice coat=so nice a coatsuch an interesting book=so interesting a book③such beautiful flowerssuch terrible weather(复数和不可数,只能用such) 1. one’s own + n.(单/复)your own robots3.There be sb./sth.doing sth.There are robots working in the factory.4.help with the housework5.in dirty or dangerous places6.over and over again7.do such/simple jobs8. be/get bored9.make sb do sth10.be fun to do sth11.will be able to12.wake me up14.In 25 to 50 years15. hundreds ofthousands of19. be no good for sb/sth20.keep a bird21. wear smart clothes22. look less smart23.take a holidayon holiday24. fly up into the skySection B 句型1.I live in an apartment across the street from here.2.I took the train to the school.3.What do you think your life will be like in 10 years?4. I will fly rockets to the moon.5.I will live on a space station.1.They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.2. There are already robots working in factories.3.They do simple jobs over and over again.4.Scientists make robots do the same things as we do.5.They are fun to watch.6.It will be difficult to make them really think like a human.7.Robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are.8.It may take hundreds of years.9.We never know what will happen in the future. 作文1:My Life in the FutureMy life in the future will be colorful and meaningful.I will probably live in Guangzhou, because I like the weather there. I will be a newspaper reporter. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people, so I’ll have more friends.I will live a happy life. I think I’ll keep some plants in my apartment. In my free time, I’ll spend time with my family together. We will see many films and read books. And I will travel around the world with my family during the holidays.I'm sure my dream will e true through my hard work .And my life in the future will get better and better. 作文2The life in the futureWhat do you think the life in the futture be like?Every family will have robots. Robots will help us do most of he housework. They can help us do some cleaning, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping and see a doctor without going out. Students can study at home on puters. People will lie to be 200 years old.Our life will get better and better. For this, we should study hard. I believe we'll be able to do this.。
人教版八年级上册英语 Unit 7单元知识点总结
Unit 7 Will people have robots?知识点1. Do you think…?你认为……?后常接宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。
例:Do you think there will be more pollution in the future?宾语从句特殊疑问词+ do you think+陈述语序2. paper纸不可数名词一张纸a piece of paper报纸,论文,试卷可数名词3. live to be + 年龄= live to +年龄= live the age of + 年龄活到多少岁live to do sth. 为做某事而活着。
后面的不定式表目的。
live v. 第三人称单数lives /liviz/;life n. 复数形式lives /laivz/living adj. 活着的作定语和表语alive adj. 活着的只作表语例:a living man (定语) The man is living (表语,放在 be 动词后面) The man is alive (表语)4. in 100 years 在 100 年以后in + 一段时间在……之后一般将来时,对其提问用 how soon (多久)take part in = join in 参加play a part in sth./ doing sth. 参与到……中去;在……中扮演着……的角色6. human n. 人复数(pl.) humansadj. human being =humanperson 个体的人,有单复数形式,“一个人”只能说“a person”,不能说“a people”。
people 人,人们集体,为一个集合名词;也可作“民族”,此时有单复数,a people 指“一个民族”,所以它的复数就是“peoples”。
7. such adj. 这样的such+ a/an+ adj. + 单数可数名词such + adj. + 复数可数名词/不可数名词so adj. so + adj./ adv. + 复数名词/不可数名词so + adj. + a/an + 单数可数名词such + a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词= so + adj. + a/an + 单数可数名词8. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人而言是……此句型中的“it”为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式短语比较 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.与 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.(这里的形容词是描述事物性质的 ) (这里的形容词是表示人的性格特征或品质,如clever,kind, nice, good,foolish 等)It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 句式还可以与动名词作主语的句式相互替换。
Unit7单元知识点归纳人教版八年级英语上册
人教版英语八年级上册第七单元语法与知识点归纳(跟随课本)Unit 7 Will people have robots ?一、短语突破:1、there will be将会有2、in people's homes在人们的家里3、study at home on computers在家里的电脑上学习4、be free免费5、free time空余时间6、more pollution更多的污染7、use the subway使用地铁8、be like 像9、be in great danger处于极大危险中10、move to+地点名词搬到某地11、leave on the earth住在地球上12、plant trees种树13、play a part in…在某方面起作用14、save the earth 拯救地球15、In 100 years 100年以后16、use money用钱17、World peace世界和平18、hope so希望如此19、in the future在未来20、fresh water淡水21、in the cities在城里22、the same as…与什么一样23、in the country在农村24、see sth.看见某物25、spend time together 花时间在一起26、space station太空站27、live in an apartment住在一个公寓28、across from…在…对面29、near here在这附近30、fly rockets to the moon乘火箭到月球31、in movies在影片中32、one’s own某人自己的33、help with the housework帮忙做家务34、dangerous places危险的地方35、help sb.( to做某事36、over and over again一次又一次37、get bored感到厌烦38、try to do sth. 尽力做某事39、look like看起来像40、for example例如41、be able to能够42、wake up醒来43、disagree with sb. 不同意某人44、in 25 to 50 years 在25到50年以后45、hundreds of years数百年46、many different shapes 许多不同的形状47、fall down 倒下48、look for寻找49、under the buildings在建筑物的下面50、a newspaper reporter一个新闻者51、live in+地点名词在某地居住52、in that city在那个城市53、as a reporter作为一名记者54、have a pet 养宠物55、keep a bird养一只鸟儿56、During the week在一个周期间57、wear smart clothes穿舒适的衣服58、on the weekend在周末=on weekends 59、take a holiday去度假60、one day有一天61、free time activities空余时间活动62、in the neighborhood在附近地区63、the meaning of……的意思64、no one knows没有人知道65、fly up into the sky飞向天空66、study harder学习更努力67、both… and…两者都68、be scared害怕二、容易混淆的知识点、短语等突破。
人教版英语八年级上册Unit 7 单元知识点
Unit 7 Will people have robots知识点1 Do you think there will be robots in people's homes?考点1 Do you think...?结构通常用来征求对方的意见或看法,后面接宾语从句,从句用陈述句语序。
其后的简略回答应以从句内容作简略回答,本句的肯定回答用“Yes,there will.”,否定回答用“No,there won't.”。
eg:—Do you think there will be robots in school?你认为学校将来会有机器人吗?—Yes, there will.是的,会有。
考点2 there will be是there be句型的一般将来时形式,意为“将有……”,也可用there is/are going to be 来表示。
eg:There will (are going to)be a lot of personal cars in our town.在我们小镇上将会有许多私家车。
知识点2 in 100 years考点1 in为介词,其后跟一段时间表示“在……之后”,通常用于一般将来时,对其提问时须用how soon(多久)。
典例—________ can you finish the report onfood safety?—In two days. (上海)A.How farB.How muchC.How oftenD.How soon考点2 【辨析】in与after都可以表示“在……之后”,它们的法如下表:典例We will finish building a new house ________ about six weeks this year.A.at B.on C.to D.in知识点3 There will be less free time.将会有更少的闲暇时间。
人教版八年级上册英语第七单元重点知识,文档
Uni t7Prediction future pollution environmentplanet earth peaceseaskyastronaut rocket spacestation holidaypossibleimpossible probably paperpollute plantpartbuild apartmenthuman dangerous already factoryJapan believe disagree even agree shape fallinsideside duringword重点讲解:1)Pollute vt.污染;玷污;败坏Eg:Theriverhasbeenpollutedbywasteproductsfromthefactory.这条河已经受到工厂排放的废料所污染。
Theviolentfilmspollutethemindsoftheyoungmen.暴力电影毒害着青年人的思想。
2)Future n.未来;前途;期货;将来时Eg:Wediscussedaboutourfutureplans.我们讨论了我们的将来方案。
<拓>短语inthefuture在将来infuture从今以后,往后forthefuture将来;从今以后inthenearfuture在不久的将来3)Plant n.工厂,车间;植物;设备;庄稼vt.种植;培养;栽培;安置vi.种植Eg:Theplantlovesshade.这种植物喜阴处。
Thismapshowsthelayoutoftheplant.这张图展示了工厂的布局。
Shemoistenedthesoilroundtheplant.她把植物周围的土壤弄湿。
4)Partn.局部;角色;零件;片段vt.别离;分配;分开vi.断裂;分手adv.局部地adj.局部的Eg:HereceivedpartofhiseducationinEngland.他有一局部教育是在英国接受的。
八年级英语上册第七单元重要知识点汇总(人教版)
八年级英语上册第七单元重要知识点汇总(人教版)短语:nputersnpaperlivetbe200earsldfreetieindangerntheearthplaapartinsthspaestatinlfrputerprgraerinthefuturehuandredsfthesae…asverandveragaingetbredaeuplliefalldn用法:ill+动词原形将要做feer/re+可数名词复数更少/更多…less/re+不可数名词更少/更多trtdsth尽力做某事havetdsth不得不做某事agreeithsb同意某人的意见suh+名词如此plaapartindingsth参与做某事aesbdsth让某人做某事helpsbithsth帮助某人做某事Thereillbe+主语+其他将会有…Thereis/are+sb+dingsth有…正在做…Itis+形容词+frsb+tdsth做某事对某人来说…的hatillthefuturebelie?itiesillberepllutedAndthereill befeertreesillpepleusenein100ears?N,then’tEverthingillbefreeillthereberldpeae?es,IhpesidsillstuffathenputersThen’tgtshluntablenunsUnuntablenunsThereillberepepleThereillberepllutinThereillbefeertreesThereillbelessfreetieever与eah的区别:ever用来表整体,eah用来表个别。
eah最低需是两,ever最低需是三。
everadever作主用单数,eah可单也可复,作主、作定用单数,其他情况用复数。
eahad/prnEverteahernsherThereareltsftreesneahsideftheradEahftheradhasaditinar2ntheearth在地球上,作地点状语,位于句首或句末。
人教版英语八年级上册Unit7全单元 重点知识复习总结
Uni t 7 Will people have robots?❖重要知识点1.Make predictions about the future: 对未来作出预测--- What will the future be like ? 未来将会是什么样的?= What’s your prediction about the future? 你对未来的预测是什么?➢People will have robots in their homes. 人们将在自己家中拥有机器人。
➢Books will only be on computers, not on paper. 书将只会在电脑上,不在纸上。
➢People will live to be 200 years old. 人们将会活到200岁。
➢People won’t use money . Everything will be free.人们将不再使用钱,一切都是免费的。
➢Kids won’t go to school. They’ll study at home on computers.孩子们将不再去学校,他们将在家用电脑学习。
➢Cities will be more crowded and polluted because there will be more people.城市将会变得更加拥挤,污染更严重,因为将会有更多的人。
➢The environment will be in great danger. There will be fewer trees. There will be more pollution.环境将处于极大危险当中,将会有更少的书,将会有更多的污染。
➢There will be fewer jobs for people because more robots will do the same things as people .将会有更少的工作给人,因为更多的机器人将会和人做相同的事情。
最新人教版八年级英语上册第七单元知识点.docx
人教版八年级英语上册第七单元知识点一)用:take off脱下put on 穿上cut up 切碎turn on 打开turn off 关掉turn down/ up把声音小 /大mix up混合在一起put ⋯ away把⋯收起来put off 推 ,延期take away拿走a slice of bread一片面包two teaspoons of honey两匙蜂蜜two cups of yogurt两杯酸奶a kilo of tomatoes 一公斤西柿a piece of information/ paper/ news/ musicadd⋯ to ⋯把⋯加到⋯上pour ⋯ into ⋯倒⋯到⋯里put ⋯ in(into)放⋯⋯在(到)⋯里on the top 在部finally=at last 最后2 teaspoons of relish两茶匙味品put ⋯ on...把⋯⋯放到⋯⋯上二)重点句型:1.Turn on the blender.打开果汁拌机 .2.Cut up the bananas.切开香蕉 .3.Pour the milk into the blender.将牛奶倒入果汁机里 .4.Put some relish on a slice of bread.将味品涂到一片面包上.5.Put the bananas and yogurt into the blender.将香蕉和酸奶倒人果汁机.6.How do you make a banana milk shake?你如何做香蕉奶昔 ?7.First, put 1 teaspoon of mayonnaise on the sandwich.首先 ,在三明治上放一茶匙蛋黄.三)交用:How do you make a banana milk shake?First,peel the bananas and cut them up.Then put the milk into the blender ⋯ How many bananas do we need? We need three bananas.法聚焦:一.可数名与不可数名的用法(一)名根据其可数性可分可数名和不可数名 .可数名即指可以分个体 ,且可直接用数目行数的名 ,如desk(桌 ),girl( 女孩 ),room(房 ),school(学校 )等;不可数名即指不可数分个体 ,且不可直接用数目行数的名 ,如milk( 牛奶 ),imformation( 消息 ),money( )等.(二)数可数名表示泛指 ,前面要用不定冠 a(an),表示特指 ,前面要用定冠 the;而不可数名前不能用 a(an)修 ,表示特指 ,前面一定要用定冠 the.如:He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人 .No one can see air没.有人能看空气 .(三)可数名词表示复数意义时可用many,few,a few等词修饰 .如:many apples,a lot of tomatoes,a few pens不可数名词则要用 much、a little 等词修饰 .如:much meat,a little bread,little water可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of,lots of 等来修饰 ,表示 "一些 ,许多 ".如:There are some oranges on the desk桌.子上有一些桔子 .There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水 .(四)可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量.如:two apples, four books等 .不可数名词前通常用 "单位词 +of" 来表示数量 .如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等.(五)可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致.如:This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美 .不可数名词作主语时 ,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词 "时 ,谓语动词要用复数形式 .如:There are two cups of tea on the table桌.上有两杯茶 .(六)对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much.如:How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?注意:对不可数名词前的"单位词 "的修饰语提问时 ,疑问词用 how many. 如:How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?【辨析】有的名词既可用作可数名词 ,也可用作不可数名词 ,只是含义不同:① room 表示“房间”时,为可数名词 ,但表示“空间”、“余地”时 ,为不可数名词 .②A:Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗?B:No, I don’ t like cake不吃. ,我不喜吃蛋糕.以上第一句用a cake,是把cake 一一的“蛋糕”,所以它是可数的;而第二句只用cake,是把它当作物名看待 , 所以它成了不可数名 .③又如 ,tea(茶)作物名 ,它是不可数的 ,但它若表示“一份茶”或“一种茶”, 是可数的 ,如可It ’ s a good tea(那是一种好茶 ),Two teas, please(来两份茶 ).④像 fish,turkey,chicken,duck等指物是可数名 ,指“⋯⋯肉” 是不可数名 .⑤hair指一个人上的全部 ,是不可数名;如果指某一根 ,就是可数的 .例如 :Her hair is black.Whenever she finds a white hair ,she pulls it out.她的是黑的 .她只要一根白就将它拔掉.【附】可数名数复数的(一)一般化情况:一般情况下加 -s1.清音后 /s/;2.音和元音后/z/;map-maps bag-bags car-cars以 s,x,sh,ch,尾的加 -es /iz/bus-buses watch-watches以 ce,se,ze,(d)ge等尾的加 -s /iz/license-licenses以音字母 +y尾的 y i再加 es/z/baby---babies(二)部分化情况 :1)以y尾的有名,或元音字母+y尾的名复数,直接加s复数:如:two Marys the Henrysmonkey—— monkeys holiday —— holidays比:楼: storey —— storeys story—— stories2)以o 结尾的名词 ,变复数时:a)加 s,如: photo—— photos piano—— pianosradio—— radios zoo—— zoos;b)加 es,如: potato—— potatoes tomato——tomatoes c)均可 ,如: zero—— zeros / zeroes (这类的特殊词变化需要强化记忆 .)3)以f或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时:a)加s,如: belief —— beliefs(信念)roof —— roofs(屋顶)b)去 f,fe 加ves,如: half—— halvesknife —— knives leaf—— leaves wolf —— wolveswife —— wives life —— lives thief—— thieves;c)均可 ,如:handkerchief(手帕):handkerchiefs / handkerchievesscarf(围巾 ):scarfs/scarves(三 )名词复数的不规则变化:1)child —— children foot—— feet tooth—— teethmouse—— mice man—— men woman—— women注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词 ,其复数形式也是-men 和-women.如:an Englishman,two Englishmen.但 German不是合成词 ,故复数形式为 Germans;Bowman是姓 ,其复数是 the Bowmans.man和woman作定语变复数时 ,它们也变成复数 .例如: two women teachers2)单复同形如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japaneseli,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑等都有复数形式.如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters3)集体名词 ,以单数形式出现 ,但视为复数 .如:people,police等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,但可以说 a person,a policeman, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss等名词 ,表示国民总称时 ,作复数用 .如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的 .4)以 s结尾 ,仍为单数的名词 ,如:a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词 ,为不可数名词 ,是单数 .b. news 是不可数名词 .c. the United States,the United Nations应视为单数 .The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是 1945年组建起来的 .d. 以复数形式出现的书名 ,剧名 ,报纸 ,杂志名 ,也可视为单数 ."The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜 >>是一本非常有趣的故事书.5)表示由两部分构成的东西 ,如: glasses, trousers,clothes,pants,scissors(剪刀 ),etc若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers6)另外还有一些名词 ,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如: goods货物 ,waters水域 ,fishes(各种)鱼 ,greens青菜 ,arms武器 ,works著作二、祈使句(一)祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等.祈使句分为:第二人称祈使句以及第—、三人称祈使句两大类 .1.第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令 ,提出要求或建议 .这种祈使句的主语 you通常不表示出来 ,而是以动词原形开头 .如:Stand up!Don’ t worry about!但如果说话时有多人在场 ,就得把主语表示出来 ,或加呼语 ,以便指明是向谁提出请求或发出命令 .如:Parents with children, go the front! 带孩子的家长到前面去 !Mary, clean the windows,and you boys ,wash the floor!玛丽擦窗户 ,你们男孩子洗地板 !n,everybody! 每个人都进来 !有时将主语表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪 .如:Don’ t you be late again!你可别再迟到了 !You get out of here! 你给我滚出去 !Mind your own business,you! 你少管闲事 !2.第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称和第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象 ,这类祈使句通常以 let为引导词表建议 .如:Let ’ s go! Let us go home!Let him be here by 10 o.’ clock祈使句除用谓语动词表示外,还可用名词、副词、动词短语等表示.如:Help!Patience!Quickly!Hands up!(二)祈使句的强调形式及否定形式:祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do.如:Do be careful!Do Stop talking!Do give my regards to your parents!务必/一定代我向你父母问好!祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t或never.如:Don’ t you be nervous!你不要紧张 !以 let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let ’s或Let us/ me后加 not.Let ’ s not waste our time arguing about咱it!们别浪费时间争论这事了!Let ’ s not say anything about 这it!事咱们谁也别说 !但英式英语也用这样的表达:Don’t let’s say anything about it.(三)祈使句的反意疑问句:1.祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式,要用 shall,will. 如:Pass me the book,will you?2.Let ’s表示第一人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“ Shall we?如”:.Let ’ s go for a walk,shall we?Let ’ s forget it,shall we?3.Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句 ,反意疑问句为“ will you? 如”:. Let us go for a walk,will you?4.其它行为动词引起的祈使句 ,无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句 ,多用“ will you? 表”,一种客气的语气 .如:Listen to me,will you?Don’ t tell anyone about it,will you?但在肯定的祈使句后有时也用“won’t you?表”“提醒对方注意”或表“邀请”如.:Have a cup of coffee,won’ t you?t,won ’ t you/will you?(四)祈使句用于两个重要句型中:1.“祈使句 +and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件 .2.“祈使句 +or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件 ,or(else)表示“否则;要不然”试.比较:Hurry up, and you catch’ll the train.(= If you hurry up,you’ ll catch the.)trainHurry up,or you’ ll miss the.train(= If you don’ t hurry up,you’ ll miss.the) train(五)祈使句由直接引语变成间接引语:当祈使句由直接引语变成间接引语时 ,其常用结构为“ask/request/tell /order sb(not)to do sth 如:”.“ Speak loudly,please! ” the teacher said. to me(=The teacher asked me to speak loudly.)“ Don’ t smoke in the meeting room! ” he .said to Tom(=He told Tom not to smoke in the meeting room.)典例剖析:1. —— Need I go home now?——_______________ .A.Yes,you need.B.Yes,you must.C.No.you mustn ′ t.D.No,you may not.(柳州中考 )【剖析】本考情 need的用法 .Need通常用于否定句和疑句中 .在回答以 need开的疑句 ,肯定回答用“Yes,主 +must. ”,否定回答用“No,主 +needn’t所”以.本答案 B.2.—— I think drinking milk is good _______ our health.—— Yes,I agree _______ you.A.for,withB.to,toC.with,toD.at,with(中考 )【剖析】本考固定用法 .be good for意“有益于⋯⋯” ;agree with sb.意“同意某人(的意)”故.本答案 A.3.People in America eat much ________ .A.coffeeB.onionsC.beefD.iced-water (石家庄中考 )【剖析】本考可数名与不可数名的用法 .根据 eat,可排除 A 、D;而 much只修不可数名 ,可排除 B. 故本答案 C.4._________ police are standing at the corner?A.How farB.How manyC.How muchD.How long 【剖析】本考疑的用法 .Police是集体名 ,是复数形式 ,复数名数量的多少用 how many.故本答案 B.。
