(完整word)高考英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
一、句子成份
英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）
We often speak English in class.（代词）
One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）
Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）
The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）
What we are going to do has not been decided.（主语从句）
It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1)简单谓语：We study for the people.
2)复合谓语：I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..
3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.
Is it yours?（代词）
The weather has turned cold.（形容词）
The speech is exciting.（分词）
Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）
His job is to teach English.（不定式）
His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）
The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）
Time is up. The class is over.（副词）
The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）
4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，
We like English.
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）
It began to rain.（不定式短语）
I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）
I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：
We make him our monitor(班长).
5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的I see you crossing the street
His father named him Dongming.（名词）
They painted（涂漆）their boat white.（形容词）
Let the fresh（新鲜的）air in.（副词）
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）
We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）
We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）
6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。He is a new student.
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room/over there/ is mine.
Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
China is a developing（发展中）country; America is a developed（发达）country.（分词）
There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词）
His progress（进步）in English made us surprised.（代词）
Our monitor（班长）is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）
He is reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.（介词短语）
7、状语: 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。He lives in London.
Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.（不定式短语）
He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）
Once（一旦0 you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）
状语种类如下：
How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）
I shall go there if it doesn’t ra in.（条件状语）
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）
She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）
I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. His job is to train swimmers.
5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
6. His wish is to become a scientist.
7. Hewants to finish the work in time.
8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建议）.
9. He found it important to master English.
10. Do you have anything else to say?
11. Would you please tell me your address?
12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
14. He noticed（注意到）a man enter the room.
15. The apples tasted sweet.
简单句的五种基本句型
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：
S十V主谓结构主语＋不及物动词
S十V十P主系表结构主语＋连系动词＋表语
S十V十O主谓宾结构主语＋及物动词＋宾语
S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构
S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构
基本句型一： S十V主谓结构
[讲解] (1)不及物动词不能直接加宾语。如agree, lie, work, argue, belong, come, go, reply等。
(2) 不及物动词加一个介词后构成动词短语可以加宾语。如agree with, lie in, work at, belong to, come across, go to 等。
(3) 有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。如begin, sell, write, wash, answer, read等。例如：
The meeting begins at half past nine. (不及物动词)
The professor began his speech directly. (及物动词)
The books of this kind sell well and he will sell them.
(第一个sell为不及物动词，而第二个是及物动词)。
主语和不及物动词(短语)是组成本句型不可缺少的必要成分。在实际运用中,不及物动词往往与副词、介词及其它相关成分有相对稳定的搭配关系。
常见的不及物动词有appear apologize arrive argue agree belong come die disappear exist fall happen occur take place rise go get fail feel fight look live look listen work study prove remain rest seem stand stay succeed turn turn out等等。
[练习] 1. 指出划线部分动词的词性，是及物动词还是不及物动词。
(1) Speak aloud so that everyone can follow you. ( )
(2) Besides Japanese, he can also speak Spanish. ( )
(3) His father used to work hard to make much money. ( )
(4) I intended to lie to him, but failed. ( )
(5) Unfortunately, I failed the driving test. ( )
2. 在每一空格上填上恰当的介词。
(1) I don’t agree _____ you completely. I have my own opinion.
(2) The dictionary is not Tom’s. It belongs _____ me.
(3) Use your head, and you will think _____ some ways to solve the problem.
(4) To improve my English, I work hard _____ it.
(5) Look _____ the cloudy sky! It is going to rain.
3. 1）My head__________. （ache ）我头疼。
2）The students ____________________．（listen）学生们正在听。
3) ______________________________. 我们努力学习。
4) The red sun ____________________ in the east.（rise）一轮红日从东方升起。
5) The Second World War ____________________ in 1939. （break out）
1939年爆发了第二次世界大战。
6) The boy _________________________the window. (look) 那个男孩朝窗外看去。
7) 她再次向我道歉。_______________________________________ (apologize)
8)事故是昨天晚上发生的。_____________________________________
9) 我们的英语老师教得很好。
_____________________________________
10) 五年前宋杰住在合肥。
_____________________________________
11) 一天,她欢快地走进我的房间。
_____________________________________
Key：1. 不及物动词：(1)、(3)、(4)；及物动词：(2)、(5)。2. (1) — (5) with, to, up, at, at
补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。常见的能带同源宾语的动词有lead live die sleep dream breathe smile laugh fight run sing等。
例如：
4. Under the leadership of the Party the peasants lead a happy life.
5. I dreamed a terrible dream last night.
6. Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August.
7. He died a glorious death.
基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有：be(是)；get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)
说明：本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。
1.系动词的三种分类：在初中阶段，我们学过的表示“保持或状态”类的有（1）表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.
（2）表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.
（3）表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.
1) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。
2) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.
3) Spring comes. It is ______________________________. 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
4) Don't have the food. _______________________________.不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。
5）The fact __________ ___________. 这个事实证明是正确的。
2.可以充当表语的有形容词、名词、副词(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词(短语)等。例如：
1）In order to _________（保持健康）, he takes exercise everyday. (形容词作表语)
2）In my mind, mother is_________. （我的英雄）(名词作表语)
3）Look! Your pet dog is_________.（在那）(副词作表语)
4）The schoolbags comein different sizes. (介词短语作表语)
5）You’ve changed a lot. You are not what you were. (表语从句作表语)
6）Many passengers __________________（受伤）in the accident. (过去分词作表语)
7）The machine__________________（持续/保持运转）for a long time. （现在分词短语作表语）
Keys：1.1）keep silent 2）the food tastes terrible 3）warmer andwarmer 4）it goes bad 5）proves right
2.1）keep healthy 2）my hero3）there 6）got injured 7）keeps running
￥￥￥￥￥使用系动词应注意的地方：第一，没有被动语态；第二，一般没有进行时(除了feel以外)；第三，有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词。如：keep, grow, taste, feel, get, smell等。第四，非谓语一般用现在分词(这一点仅作了解，高中阶段将涉及。)
例如：After two-day’s treatment, he felt well again. (不用was felt)
He remains an excellent engineer in the factory. (不用is remained)
比较以下句子：
The pet dog keeps clean. It is kept by Johnson.(keeps是系动词，而kept是及物动词)
We grew some trees around our school and they grow green now. (grew是及物动词，而grow是系动词)
Just now I felt the table and it felt smooth. (第一个felt是及物动词，而第二个是系动词)
[练习] 选择一个合适的词或根据汉语提示填空，注意动词的适当形式。
(1) I __________(remain / keep / stay) a nurse while he has __________(turn / become) engineer.
(2) Put the meat in the refrigerator (冰箱). It __________ (go / get / turn / become) bad easily.
(3) What he said __________(sound / look / smell / taste) reasonable.
(4) He feels __________(comfortable / comfortably) working in the air-conditioned office.
(5) We do morning exercises to __________(keep / turn / become) healthy.
(6) The apple __________(tastes / is tasted) sweet.
(7) Please keep __________(安静); The baby has fallen __________(睡着).
(8) They work day and night to make their dream come __________(实现).
Key:
(1) — (4) remain, turned; goes; sounds; comfortable
(5) — (8) keep; tastes; quiet, asleep; true
基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构
这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。
a.及物动词+副词，
b.不及物动词+介词。
1.含有away, out, forward, up 等副词的动词词组是可拆分的。如，
They carried out the plan successfully.我们还可以说，
They carried the plan out successfully. 但我们只能说
As the plan was practical, they carried it out successfully.
动副词组都可以这样用，如，point out（指出）, carry out（执行）, put forward（提出）, work out（做出，算出）, find out （找出）, give up（放弃）, give away（赠送，分发）,pick up（拣起）, put up（挂上）, 等。
2. 而含有介词 at, for, from, into, of, with, to 等的动介词组是不可拆分的。如，look after（照顾）, look at（瞧）, look for （寻找）, belong to（属于）, refer to（参考，提及）, think of（考虑，评价）, send for（派人去请）, care for（喜欢）,suffer from（受…之苦）, deal with(对付，应付), object to（反对）, pay for（付…的钱）,等。即我们只能说think of it,不能说think it of.
in 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“在里面”，“往里进”，“在家”等意思。如，get in(收割),hand in（提交，交进）。用作介词，表示“在…地点”，“在…范围”，“在…方面”。如，persist in(坚持)，succeed in (在…成功)。
Off在动词词组中用作副词，表示“关闭”，“隔离，离开”，“去掉”，等意思。如，turn off（关掉）, switch off（关掉）, ring off（挂断电话）, keep off（远离）, take off(脱掉）, kick off（踢脱）, carry off（运走）, put off（推迟）, pay off （付清）,give off（放出).
用作介词，表示“从…下来”。如，get off（下车）, fall off（从…掉下来）.
On 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“开”，“走开”，“传递”，“穿戴”。如，turn on(开),move on（走开）, pass on（传递）, put on（穿上）, have on（穿着）.
用作介词，表示“在…上”，“在…方面”。如，work on（从事于…）, operate on（在…上动手术）, agree on（同意）。表示“上车，上船，上…”,如,get on（上车，上船）,ride on（骑上）。
表示“依靠”，“以…为基础”，“按照”，如，depend on（依靠）,base on（以…为基础）, feed on（以…为食）, live on （以…为生计）.
Over在动词词组中用作副词，表示“翻转”，“翻倒”，如， turn over（打翻，翻倒）,push over（推倒）.
表示“过一遍”，“仔细”，“遍及”，如，think over（仔细考虑）,look over（仔细查看，研究）.
用作介词，表示“从上越过”，如，fly over（从上飞过）, jump over（从上跳过）.go over(越过，横过)。
表示“为了”，“由于”，如，quarrel over（为…争吵）,cry over（因…哭泣）.
表示“查看”，“复习”，“检查”，如，go over（检查，复习）.
附：许多由及物动词+名词+介词构成的三词动词词组也要跟宾语，如：
pay attention to（注意）, catch hold of（抓住，握住）, catch sight of（看见，发现）,do harm to（对…有害）, get rid of （排除，除去）, make fun of（取笑，嘲笑）,put (one’s) heart into（专心于…）, say hello to（打招呼）, sing praise for （赞扬，表扬）,take care of（照顾）, take part in（参加）, take pride in（以…自豪，骄傲）。
[练习] 划出以下句子的主、谓、宾部分。
如：Doing morning exercises benefits our health.
(1) I wrote a passage last night.
(2) I doubt whether he will join us in the debate.
(3) We missed going to college for that reason.
(4) What he said touched me greatly.
(5) 我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.
(6) You place me in a difficult situation.________________________________________。
(7)They finally managed to get along with us. _____________________________________。
(8) They have ________ ________ _________ of the children这些孩子他们照看得很好。
(9)I don’t like being treated like this.________________________________。
基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有：give,tell，teach,buy,lend,find,hand,leave,sell, send show,read,pay,make,offer,build,pass,bring,cook,wish，write，refuse等
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：buy, choose, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，sing,等。
[练习] 在每一空格上填上一个恰当的介词。
(1) Mother bought a birthday cake ______me.
(2) Give another apple______her. She likes it.
(3) The company will provide some drinks ______ the volunteers.
(1) — (3) for; to; for
4）Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
5) The old man ___ ________ ____ __________ _________ in the Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事)
这种句型还可转换为：动词＋直接宾语＋for/ to sb.
20) Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____. 请把你的画给我看一下。I _______ _______the salt. = I _______the salt _____ _____.
he teacher offered some advice on learning English to us.老师给我们一些学英语的建议
The singer sang another song for us.这位歌手唱了另一首歌给我们听
1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。
2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
3. Mary把钱包交给校长了。
4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？
5. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。
6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。
7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。
基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）, make, name, (命名)
1）Keep ________________________________, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。
2）They painted ______ ______ ________. 他们把门漆成绿色。
3）We must ______ ______ ________ ______. 我们必须保持我们的学校洁。
4）He asked me _____ ________ ________ soon. 他要我早点回来。
5）我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。______________________________________________.
注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。
如：6）The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他劳动)
7）We saw _____ ____ _____. (他出去)。
接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree ,choose,decide,forget,hope,learn,want,wish,would like等.
不定式作宾语补足语有三种类型
1、“动词+宾语+（not）to do…”
advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,direct,encourage,expect,forbid,force,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,request,require,teac h,tell,want,warn等接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事
bear sb. to do sth. 忍受某人做某事
beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事
elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事
hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事
help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事
trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
The teacher asked us to finish our homework．老师叫我们完成家庭作业.
She wanted him to sing for her friends．她想让他为她的朋友唱歌.
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street．警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍.
2．在某些短语后也可跟带to的不定式作宾补. wait for,call on,depend on,高中范围内,适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do…”的结构,不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to
sb.to do,call on sb. to do,count on sb. to do,depend on sb. to do,wait for sb. to do，care for sb. to do,long for sb. to do等.例如：
The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again．鳄鱼等着猴子再下来.
The chairman called on Mr Brown to speak．主席请布朗先生讲话.
I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor．我不要那人给我看病.
He shouted to me to come over.
I depend on you to do it.
I am counting on you to help me through.
3．不带to的不定式作宾补
动词不定式在使役动词（make,let, have）或感官动词（feel,listen to,hear, look at,see,watch,notice）之后作宾补时不定式需省去to.为了便于记忆,我们可以这样记“一感”（feel）、“二听”（listen,
hear）、“三让”（let,make,have）、“四看”（look at,see,watch,notice）.例如：
Ifeltsomeone open my door．我感觉有人开了我的门.
Please listen to me sing the songagain．请听我把这首歌再唱一遍.
You can't letthe boy stand in the sun．你不能让那孩子站在太阳底下.
You must watch me carefully do everything．你必须仔细观察我所做的一切.
注意：感官动词后既可跟省略to的不定式作宾补,也可跟现在分词作宾补.其区别是：前者强调动作的全过程或经常性；后者则强调动作在进行（片断）.试比较：
I heard her sing．我听见她唱了歌.
I heard her singing．我听见她在唱歌.
注意:这类句子变为被动结构时,不定式前加to.请看下列句子,句中划线部分作宾语补足语.例如：
A child was seen to enter the building.
She was often heard to sing this song.
4．带to或不带to的不定式作宾补
在动词help后可以跟带to的不定式作宾补,也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾补.例如：
He often helps me（to）clean the room．他经常帮助我打扫房间.
We helped him（to）mend his bike．我们帮他补自行车胎.
5、“动词+宾语+to be…”
consider,declare,discover,feel,find,suppose等.二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be…”构成句子,句中的不定式作宾语补足语.例如：
I consider him to be the best candidate.
分析：句中“I”做主语,“consider”作谓语,“him”作宾语,划线部分作宾语补足语.请看下面的句子.
I know him to be a liar.
I suppose him to be away from home.
［巩固训练］
1．I told Bob ____ the TV since it was too late．
A．turn off B．turns off C．turning off D．to turn off（2001陕西）
2．My parents asked me ____ home earlier yesterday．
A．get B．getting C．to get D．got（2000北京朝阳区）
3．The greedy inn-keeper once made the poor hero ____ twice a day．
A．dance B．dances C．danced D．to dance（2001上海）
4．—Is Wei Fang good at singing?
—Yes,she is．We often hear ____ her in the next room．
A．to sing B．sings C．sing D．singing（2001苏州）
（Keys：1—4 DCAC）
6、作宾语补足语的不定式,表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生,就需要用完成形式：
He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.
分析：句中“He”做主语,“was known”作谓语,使用了被动语态.由句意可知,“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前,“大家知道”发生在后.故不定式部分用完成形式,在句中作宾语补足语.请看下面的句子.
They are believed to have discussed the problem.
7、作宾语补足语的不定式,表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：
He is believed to be living in Mexico.
分析：句中“He”做主语,“isbelieved”作谓语,使用了被动语态.由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况,故用不定式的进行形式,句中划线部分作宾语补足语.请看下列句子.
Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.
He is thought to be hiding in the woods.
间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时.例如：
She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.
8、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：
he didn't want her son to be taken away.
分析：句中“She”做主语,“didn't want”作谓语,“her son”作宾语,由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系,故用被动形式,句中划线部分作宾语补足语.请看下列句子.
I'd like this room to be redecorated.
He didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.
判断类型和句子成分：
She came．She likes English. She is happy．
The teacher asked me to read the passage. She bought a book for me.
She gave John a book．My head aches.
She makes her mother angry．The sun was shining. The moon rose.
They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。
He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。His face turned red. 他的脸红了。
Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。
I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。He bought you a dictionary.
She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。
I showed him my pictures. I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？
The children are playing happily. The Greens enjoy living in China.
He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。
The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。
■练习：
1.They knew her very well.They had seen her ___ up from childhood.(1988全国)
A.grow
B.grew
C.was growing
D.to grow
2.The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003北京)
A.don't make
B.not make
C.not making
D.not to make
3.My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京)
A.for me taking
B.me taking
C.for me to take
D.me to take
4.The flu is believed ___ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (2004上海)
A.causing
B.being caused
C.to be caused
D.to have caused
5.-Is Bob still performing?
-I'm afraid not.He is said ___ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏)
A.to have left
B.to leave
C.to have been left
D.to be left
6.The mother felt herself ___ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)
A.grow
B.grown
C.to grow
D.to have grown
7.Energy drinks are not allowed ___ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海)
A.to make
B.to be made
C.to have been made
D.to be making
答案：
1.A
2.D
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B
考点突破训练
1、I am sorry to have kept you______
A to wait
B wait
C waited
D waiting
2、I felt somebody ______ me
A touch
B touched
C to touch
D touches
3、He taught me _____ speak English
A how should
B how
C how can I
D how to
4、I shall make your dream ______
A coming truly
B come true
C to come true
D comes true
5、He told _____ home
A us not to go
B we not go
C us not go
D us to not go
6、I think _____ a good habit to get up early
A this
B it
C that
D its
7、Roses in bloom smell ______
A sweeten
B sweetly
C sweet
D sweetness
( )1. The weather ____.
A. wet and cold
B. is wet and cold
C. not wet and cold
D. were wet and cold
( ) 2. The apple tasted ____.
A. sweets
B. sweetly
C. nicely
D. sweet
( ) 3. He got up ____ yesterday morning.
A. lately
B. late
C. latest
D. latter
( )4. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.
A. We, us
B. Us, we
C. We, our
D. We, we
( )5.I think _____necessary（必要的）to learn English well.
A. its
B. it
C. that
D. that is
( ) 6. The dog ____ mad（疯的）.
A. looks
B. is looked
C. is being looked
D. was looked
判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.
8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?
9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
There be 句型
说明：
此句型是由 there + be + 主语 + 状语构成，用以表达存在有，一种无主语的有。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语。Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如，
现在有 there is/are …
过去有 there was/were…
将来有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...
现在已经有 there has/have been…
可能有 there might be...
肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...
过去一直有 there used to be …
似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …
碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …
此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive,等。
翻译练习：
1. 今晚没有会。
2. 这个村子过去只有一口井。
3. 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。
4. 客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。
5. 天气预报说下午有大风。
6. 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。
7. 战前这儿一直有家电影院的。
8. 恰好那时房里没人。
9. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
10. 公共汽车来了。
11. 就只剩下二十八美元了。
12. 在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。
It的用法（后续）
简洁版： S (主）+ VT（谓）+ O（宾）+ O C（宾补）
I make you clear.
1) S + VT + N/Pron + N
We named our baby Tom.
常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名）。
2) S + VT + N/Pron + Adj
He painted the wall white.
常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3) S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase
She always keeps everything in good order.
4) S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive
I wish you to stay.
I made him work
常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。
5) S + VT + N/Pron + Participle (分词）
I heard my name called.
I feel something moving.
常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, set, smell, start, watch等。
6) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive
He show me how to do it.
常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7) S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause
He told me that the film was great.
常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。
8) S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause
He asked me what he should do.
常用于这句型的动词有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.
英语简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： Country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式） 2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 1)简单谓语： We study for the people. 2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） It began to rain.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.（名词） They painted（涂漆） their boat white.（形容词） Let the fresh（新鲜的） air in.（副词） You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语） We saw her entering the room.（现在分词） We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing（发展中） country; America is a developed（发达） country.（分词）
简单句的五种基本句型教案
教学讲义
三、主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) [例句]1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The cake smells good. 蛋糕味道很好。 3. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。 4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 5. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 6. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。 7. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 四、主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) [例句]1. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。 3. I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。 4. I gave my car a wash.我洗了我的汽车。 5. I told him that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 6. He showed me how to run the machine.他教我开机器。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思，故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常
英语简单句的五种基本句型
英语简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。
? 2). 8). 3）4）〕， 7）8),〕等。 2．S十 需和 1. 来 来);?taste?(尝起来),等。? 2.表示主语进入某种状态或变得具有某种性质。这类词常见的有：become?(成为,变得);?get?(逐 渐变得);?grow?(渐渐变得);?turn?(变成),等。? 3.表示主语保持某种状态或继续具备某种性质。这类词常见的有：keep?(保持,继 续);?remain?(依然,仍然);?stay?(停留,保持下去),等。例如? 1).It?looks?much?better?now.?? 2).The?trees?turn?green.? 3).OK.?Listen,?that’s?the?bell.? 4).He?is?our?English?teacher.? 5).Everyone?is?here,?but?Jim’s?away.?
6).He?is?at?the?cinema.? 7).It?looks?like?a?chicken.? 8).His?wish?was?to?become?a?teacher.? 9).Seeing?is?believing.? 10).That?book?is?very?interesting.? 11).Wei?Hua’s?pen?was?broken? 12).That’s?why?I?was?late?for?class.? 表语用来表示主语的身份、状态或性质。能在句中作表语的有形容词〔例1）2）〕，名词〔例3）4）〕，副词〔例5）〕，介词短语〔例6）7）〕，不定式短语〔例8）〕，动词-ing形式〔例9）10）〕，过去分词〔例11）〕，从句〔例12）〕，等。? 3．S十V十O句式:?主语+及物动词+宾语??如：??? 3).I 7). 2）〕，代词〔例3 4．S十 说明： 4). ? 通常间接宾语置于直接宾语之后。这是间接宾语前需要用一个介词to或for。例如：? 1).I?wanted?to?show?it?to?you.? 2).You?mustn’t?lend?it?to?others.? 3).Please?buys?a?bottle?of?ink?for?me.? 4).Can?you?draw?a?picture?of?a?sheep?for?me????? 用to还是for取决于前面的动词。? A：bring、give、hand、leave、lend、pass、pay、return、send、teach、tell、throw、write、等动词后跟to。 B：buy,cook,do,find,get,make,play,sing,save,等动词后跟for。? 5．S十V十O十C句式??主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语??如：???
五种简单句的基本句型练习题
英语中的五种基本句型练习题 一）判断这些句子的类型并理解be 动词的用法（连系动词／助动词）1.The boy is asleep （_____ 式_ ） 2.The boy is sleeping. （__ 式_ ）3.The boy is playing the guitar. （_____ 式） 4.He is playing happily. （ ________________________________ 式） 5.His music is very beautiful. （____ 式） 6.It is beautiful music. （ ______________________________ 式） 二）判断这些句子的类型 1. Sheis a very good girl .（ ________________________ ___式_ ） （__语）（__词）（___语） 2. Thegirl is very good.（____ __式） （__语）（__词）（___语） 3. They I laughed.（ ____ 式 __）_ （__语）（__词） 4. The kites I fly in the sky.（_ 式） （__语）（__词） 5. I I bought a new bike.（___ 式） （__语）（__词）（__语） 6. He I plays volleyball.（ ___ 式） （__语）（__词）（__语） 7. She I told me a story.（ ________________________ 式）（__语）（__词）（__语）（__语）
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。简单句有五种基本句型结构： ★主语+谓语(S+V) 谓语是不及物动词，其后可加副词、介词短语等。例如： They sat together quietly. 他们静静地坐在一起。 The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。 ★主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 谓语是及物动词，宾语通常是名词、代词、动词不定式、V-ing形式等。例如： He doesn’t like the movie. 他不喜欢这部电影。 Do you know them, Li Ming? 李明，你认识他们吗？ ★主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, turn, get等，表语通常是形容词、名词、代词等。例如： Your new watch looks very nice. 你的新手表看起来很漂亮。 That sounds a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。 ★主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+InO+DO) 某些动词后的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，如：give, lend, pass, show, send等；某些动词后的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，如：buy, choose, cook, make, sing等。例如：Can you pass me the book? = Can you pass the book to me? 你能把书递给我吗？ She sang us an English song. = She sang an English song for us. 她为我们唱了一首英语歌。★主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) 这类谓语动词主要有find, keep, feel, wish, think, name, call, ask, advise, teach, want, notice 等。宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常是形容词、名词、动词不定式、介词短语等。例如： He found his new job very interesting. 他发现他的新工作很有趣。 Mr. Li asked us to write a report. 李老师让我们写一份报告。 即时操练 ( ) 2. Can you lend me your dictionary? ( ) 3. Mum is cooking in the kitchen. ( ) 4. Danny made all of us laugh.
(完整word版)简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 一、句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 ①简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成，其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。 ②并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。并列连词有：and, but, or, so等。 ③复合句是由主句＋从句构成。由从属连词连接，如because, if, when, while, until, after, before, as soon as等。分为名词性从句，形容词性从句（即定语从句），副词性从句（即状语从句）三大类。其中最著名的是宾语从句，定语从句和状语从句。 二、简单句的五个基本句式： ①主谓②主谓宾③主谓双宾④主谓宾补⑤主系表 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 谓语:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语：1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。 补语：宾补，对宾语的补充。主补，对主语的补充。 判断下列句子是那种结构： 1. He is swimming. 2. It made him angry. 3. The little boy is asking the teacher questions. 4. She is young. 5. My mom bought me a beautiful gift. 6. He kept his eyes closed. 7. He told us an exciting story. 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open？ 11. He seemed tired. 1.主谓 2.主谓宾补 3.主谓双宾 4.主系表 5.主谓双宾 6.主谓宾补 7.主谓双宾 8.主谓宾补 9.主谓宾补10.主谓宾补11.主系表
简单句共有五种基本句型
简单句 一、1. 五种基本句型 1. S+ V 即：主语+不及物动词 My head aches. Everybody laughed. 不及物动词加一个介词后构成的动词短语可以加宾语。如：agree with lie in, work at, belong to, come across, to etc. 2、S+ V+ P 即：主语+连系动词+表语 English is very easy. He looks tired. 常见的系动词（link v. ）有be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell grow, get, fall ill / asleep, stand / sit still , become, turn etc. 3、S+ V+ O 即：主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes the flowers. Dad bought a car. 4、S+ V + INO + DO即：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语常见的须带双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn etc. He told her the news. = He told the news to me. My father bought me a bike. = My father bought a bike for me. 5、S+ V+ O + OC 即：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的动词有find, make, leave, get ,see, etc. He told me to stay home. The smell made him sick. 说明：上述各例都简化到了最低限度，在此基础上，我们可以加上一些修饰成分使句子变得更复杂，表达更丰富的内容。如： In fact, English is very easy to teach. She likes the flowers very much. He told her the news on the home. 二、疑问句 1. 一般疑问句：Do you like reading novels? 2. 特殊疑问句： Mom is coming. What present do you expect she has got for your birthday. 3. 选择疑问句: Will you stay home or go sightseeing on National Day?
简单句的五种基本句型典型例句
简单句的五种基本句型典型例句 五种基本句型结构 一、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语) （谓语为不及物动词） The red sun rises in the east.红彤彤的太阳从东方升起来。 Lucy and Mary get up early every morning.露西和玛丽每天早上很早就起床。 His parents have worked in the company for ten years. 他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。 What he said does not matter.他说的话不重要。 They had to travel by boat.他们不得不乘船旅行。 二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语) Our English teacher is thirty years old.我们的英语老师30岁了。 The cake tastes delicious.这个蛋糕吃起来很可口。 The potatoes went bad in the field.土豆在地里就坏了。 They seemed very happy together.他们在一起好像很幸福。 It gets colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 The leaves have turned yellow. 树叶已经变黄了。 三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语)（谓语为及物动词）＋Object (宾语) He put the dictionary in the backpack. 他把词典放进了背包里。 I saw her just now and she was doing her homework in the classroom.我刚 才看到她了,她正在教室做作业。 They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party. 他们还没有决定什么时候、在哪儿举办这次聚会。
初中英语简单句的五种基本句型
初中英语简单句的五种基本句型 简单句的五种基本句型。 简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧～简单句的五种基本句型包括: a. 主语+连系动词+表语 (S+ Link-V+P) 此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看起来)，get(变)，become(变),turn(变)等。 )The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。 1 2) Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 3)My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。 4)The food seems to be nice. 这食物似乎不错 本句型的特点是"连系动词+表语"二者缺一不可。例如"The teacher angry"和"We in the classroom." She sixteen.都不成其为一个句子。汉语中形容词、介词短语、数词都可以用作谓语，但是英语中它们不能单独作谓语，它们前面必须加上一个系动词才能构成谓语。 b.主语+不及物动词 (S+V) 在此句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词，其后没有宾语。因为此句型中的动词表达的意思已经很明确，所以不需要跟宾语。有时为了表示动作发生的频率、程度、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词。如: 1)My head aches. 我头疼。 2)The students are listening( 学生们正在听。 3) We study hard. 我们努力学习。 4) The red sun rises in the east. 一轮红日从东方升起。
五种基本句型和简单句详细讲解
五种基本句型和简单句详细讲解 英语的句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。有肯定句和否定句之分。 2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种： a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）： Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live?你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？ c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）： Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）： He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？ 3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如： Sit down, please.请坐。Don't be nervous!别紧张！ 4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如： What good news it is!多好的消息啊！ A. 简单句的五种基本句型。 简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧！简单句的五种基本句型包括： a. 主语+连系动词+表语(S+ Link-V+P) 此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, look(看起来)，get(变)，become(变),turn(变)等。 1）The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。 2） Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 3）My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 简单句是英语中的基本句子，了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是： 1.主语+不及物动词（主谓结构） 本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成，常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法： （1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。 如：They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。 （2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有：read, sell, wash, write, clean 等。 如：The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。 This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。 2.主语+系动词+表语（主系表结构） 本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成，主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词：be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。 （1）主语+系动词+形容词(作表语) 如：That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。 It feels good to be home. 在家的感觉真好。 （2）主语+系动词+名词(作表语) 如：Later he became a scientist. 他后来成为一个科学家。 He is a student. 他是个学生。 （3）主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语) 如：He is near. 他在附近。 This is of importance. 这很重要。 You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾结构） 此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。 （1）主语+及物动词＋名词或代词(作宾语) 如：He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗? （2）主语+及物动词＋动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有：advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。 如：I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。 You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。 （3）主语+及物动词＋不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有：afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。 如：I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。 The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。
英语简单句五种基本句型详解
基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀
句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建议）.
9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11. Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed（注意到）a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet. 简单句的五种基本句型 基本句型一：S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________
简单句的五种基本句型用法及辨析
简单句的五种基本句型用法及辨析 一、主语+不及物动词（S+V） 主语+谓语（不及物动词） ●Mr. Black came. 布莱克先生来了。 主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语 ●I watched carefully. 我仔细地观察。 二、主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O） 此句型中的谓语是及物动词，其后常跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语。 ●She likes music. 她喜欢音乐。 ●I’ve finished reading the text. 我已读完了课文。 ●He decided to buy a car. 他决定买车。 【注意】：不及物动词与介词连用时，其后也可以跟宾语。 ●Ann is waiting for me. 安在等我。 ●They’re listening to the radio. 他们在听收音机。 三、主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 此句型中的连系动词后常跟形容词、名词、代词等作表语、初中阶段常见的连系动词有be, feel, look, sound, smell, taste, seem, get（变得），turn（变得），go（变得），grow（变得），appear（似乎）等。 ●She is a math teacher. 她是一位数学老师。 ●You look better today. 你今天看上去好一些了。 ●The glass turns green in spring. 草在春季变绿。 ●The meat went bad. 那肉变质了。 【注意】：有些连系动词同时也是及物动词，可构成S+V+O句式。 ●They are feeling the elephants. 他们在摸大象。 ●The farmers here grow rice. 这儿的农民种水稻。 ●The children are tasting cakes. 孩子们在品尝蛋糕。 四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO） 此句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语，间接宾语和直接宾语可以称为双宾语。一般间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时也可以把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。 1. 间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing, find等。 ●Mum bought a book for me. 妈妈为我买了一本书。 = Mum bought me a book. ●I chose a new one for her. 我为她选了一个新的。 = I chose her a new one. 2. 间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有：give, pass, show, lend, teach, take, return等。 ●She passed the ticket to me. 她把票递给了我。 = She passed me the ticket. ●I returned the book to the library. 我把书还给了图书馆。 = I returned the library the book. 3. 以下两种情况下间接宾语通常后置： ①直接宾语是人称代词it或them。
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本类型 一、一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成The man is a teacher. 主语部分谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分谓语部分 ●连系动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得 ●主要动词 行为动词不及物动词laugh / smlie / look / listen 及物动词see / hear / drank / eat 助动词be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had 辅助动词will / shall / be going to 情态动词can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better ●表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的才是表语! eg.He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice.
【练习】简单句的五种基本句型练习题及答案
简单句的五种基本句型练习题 一．用公式标出下面简单句的类型。 1. Anna speaks Russian. _____________ 2. Daddy bought Tom a new dictionary. __________ 3. Kate calls her cat Mimi. ___________ 4. Polly laughed. ____________ 5. Lily felt cold. ________________ 6. The picture looks beautiful. ________________ 7. Jim brought me my English books. _____________ 8. It is dangerous. _______________ 9. You must wait. ______________ 10. Mr Green can't keep the house tidy. ______________ 二. 选择正确答案 11．Look ! There _____ some apples in that tree. A is B was C are D were 12. The ground must be just right ___ too wet ___ too dry. A. either; or B. both; and C. between; and D. neither; nor 13. He ____ coffee at all. He ___ tea. A. doesn't like, prefers B. likes, doesn't prefer C. would like, not prefers D. prefers, is not food of 14. We ___ happy about the price of meat. A. don't B. are not C. won't D. weren't being
(完整版)简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀
句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 简单句的五种基本句型 英语是一种结构型的语言，以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。为了帮助你掌握英语的句型，本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。
4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（+ 状语） 5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语（+ 状语） 巩固练习 一．指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。 ①I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. ②In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowdness and noise. ③In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. ④There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. ⑤I can hear birds singing in the green trees. ⑥I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake. ⑦All this will be interesting and good for my health. ⑧So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _______________ 2. ( S + V +O ) _________________ 3. ( S + V + C ) ____________________ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _______________ 5. ( S + V + O + C ) __________________ 6. There be 句型______________ 二．翻译题 1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。 ________________________________________________________ 2. 那天晚上我们谈了很多。 ________________________________________________________