翻译技巧之转化法 PPT课件
合集下载
英汉互译八种技巧 ppt课件
❖ 4. 保留习语中的重复 ❖ Long, long ago… ❖ 很久很久以前，··· ❖ The flower is very ,very beautiful. ❖ 这花可美可美了。 5，英语强势词的译法 Whatever, whatsoever, whoever, whomever,
whichever, whenever, wherever, however.
❖ Such a trifling thing is hardly worth mentioning. ❖ 区区小事，不足挂齿。 ❖ On returning to India, and ever after, he used to
speak of the pleasure of this period of his existence with great enthusiasm. ❖ 他后来回到印度，一提起那一段逍遥自在的日子， 总是眉飞色舞。 ❖ She spoke little and then after long meditation. ❖ 她少言寡语，而且总是在深思熟虑之后才开口。
8. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.
3. 减译法
❖ 增译法的反面
❖ 减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来, 因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意,或者在译文 中是不言而喻的;
❖ 别把那点钱挂在心上。你什么时候有什么时 候还我好了。
❖ 6.重复副词 ❖ Nels had it all written out neatly. ❖ 纳尔斯把它写得清清楚楚。 ❖ By and by the building rose up. ❖ 楼房一点一点地升起来了。 7，使用四字词组 Come over and have a rest. 过来休息休息。
翻译技巧之转化法 PPT课件
• 英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理 状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用 时，往往可以转译成动词。如， confident, certain, careful, cautions, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。
3. Even today the American dollar is technically “backed” by the store of gold which the US government maintains.
2.形容词变名词
• You are skillful in all such matters.
• I did not notice the approach of
a policeman when talking with my old classmate in the street.
• 当我在街道上和一个老同学谈话时， 没有注意到一名警察正在走近。
• The doctor’s extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery.
world, they think they can speak to you as they like.
• 他们一看见你穷困潦倒，就认为他们可 以想怎么跟你说话就怎么跟你说话。
• That dictionary will be out pretty
3. Even today the American dollar is technically “backed” by the store of gold which the US government maintains.
2.形容词变名词
• You are skillful in all such matters.
• I did not notice the approach of
a policeman when talking with my old classmate in the street.
• 当我在街道上和一个老同学谈话时， 没有注意到一名警察正在走近。
• The doctor’s extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery.
world, they think they can speak to you as they like.
• 他们一看见你穷困潦倒，就认为他们可 以想怎么跟你说话就怎么跟你说话。
• That dictionary will be out pretty
英语翻译技巧 转译法PPT教学课件
I don’t remember all their names.
我没记全他们的名字。
2020/12/12
Negation (no/not) －－否定范围的确定4
• --Can I buy you a drink? --Actually I’d rather have the money.
• --Can I have your name? --Why? Don’t you already have one?
Shift of Perspectives /Negation /反说正译
Transformation of Voices 语态转换
2020/12/12
1
Definition
➢Shift of perspectives: The rearrangement of the form of the information expressed in the original from a different angle or even the other way round in order to make the translated version more expressive and idiomatic.
• 可惜，那天海浪很大。
• The bird is an unusual winter visitor to Britain.
• 这种鸟很少冬季到英国来。
• Bill is too indecisive to make a good leader.
• 比尔优柔寡断，当不好领导。
• Her escape was nothing short of miraculous.
• --Is this seat empty? --Yes, and this one will be if you sit down.
《英语翻译转换法》课件
英语翻译转换法的定义
介绍英语翻译转换法的概念和原理，以及它 与传统翻译的区别。
英语翻译转换法的流程
探讨英语翻译转换法的步骤和技巧，帮助学 习者更好地运用。
学习英语翻译转换法的必备技能
1 英语词汇积累的方法和技巧
提供有效的词汇积累策略，让学习者能够更快地扩大词汇量。
2 口语表达技巧的练习方法
分享口语表达技巧的训练方法，帮助学习者提高口语流利度和准确性。
《英语翻译转换法》PPT 课件
让英语翻译成为一种有趣且易于掌握的技能，通过本课件，我将带您了解什 么是英语翻译转换法，以及学习它的必备技能和实践方法。
简介
什么是英语翻译转换法？
了解翻译转换法的定义及其在英语学习中的重要性。
为什么要学习它？
掌握翻译转换法的好处和应用场景，提高英语表达和理解能力。
浅谈英语翻译转换法
3 阅读理解的技巧和方法
介绍提高阅读理解能力的有效技巧和学习策译转换法的实践技巧
结合实际例子，让学习者在小组中进行翻译转换法的练习。
2
利用英语翻译转换法完成句子翻译练习
提供一些句子翻译的练习题，让学习者巩固所学的翻译转换技巧。
总结
英语翻译转换法的优 点和局限
分析英语翻译转换法的优 势和限制，让学习者了解 其适用范围和注意事项。
如何更好地运用英语 翻译转换法？
给出一些建议和技巧，帮 助学习者更好地应用英语 翻译转换法。
学习英语翻译转换法 需要注意的事项
提醒学习者在学习过程中 需要注意的问题和解决方 法。
英汉翻译中词性转换的技巧-PPT资料
(3) Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.
他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路 上顺利舒适。（状语转换为谓语）
句子成分转换是指英语中的某一句子成分译成汉语时 转换成另一种句子成分。句子成分转换在主语、谓语、
宾语、定语、状语和补语之间展开。
(1) You can always tell the somebodies from the nobodies at a cocktail party. The somebodies come late. 在鸡尾酒会上人们常常可以看出大人物和无名小卒来。那 些迟到的就是大人物。（主语转换为表语；谓语转换为主 语）
她到车站不一会儿，他便出现在她的身旁，听见他喘息的 声音。她凝视着前方，表情严峻。
(5) Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential.
(13) Most US spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth's atmosphere after completing their missions.
美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在 大气层中焚毁。
二、 句子成分转换
(9) He added: "I understand and respect those views, but I deeply believe in the correctness of my decision." 他还说："我理解并尊重他们的看法，但我深信我的决定 是正确的。"
翻译技巧-语态转换译法ppt课件
3
返回章重点 退出
1、英汉被动语态差异
1、关于这个问题，已经说得很多了。 2、对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。
1. Much has been said on this question. 2. The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.
4
返回章重点 退出
14
返回章重点 退出
2. 2 译成主动句 B. 添加主语
一些英语被动句并未出现动作施事者，汉译时可适 当增添不确定的主语，如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、 “我们”等；或改变句中其他成分做主语。
1）My holidays afternoons were spent in ramble about the surrounding country.
【译文】有人指出人体内不同种类的蛋白质可多达10万种。 2）It is generally considered that it is not advisable to act that way. 【译文】大家认为这样做是不妥当的。
30
返回章重点 退出
2. 5. 1 “It + be + V-ed + that... ”结构
（谓语分译）
13
返回章重点 退出
2. 2 译成主动句
A. 保持原主语不变 1）Love can not be forced.
【译文】爱情不能强求。
2）Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine. 【译文】疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
5
返回章重点 退出
1、英汉被动语态差异
返回章重点 退出
1、英汉被动语态差异
1、关于这个问题，已经说得很多了。 2、对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。
1. Much has been said on this question. 2. The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.
4
返回章重点 退出
14
返回章重点 退出
2. 2 译成主动句 B. 添加主语
一些英语被动句并未出现动作施事者，汉译时可适 当增添不确定的主语，如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、 “我们”等；或改变句中其他成分做主语。
1）My holidays afternoons were spent in ramble about the surrounding country.
【译文】有人指出人体内不同种类的蛋白质可多达10万种。 2）It is generally considered that it is not advisable to act that way. 【译文】大家认为这样做是不妥当的。
30
返回章重点 退出
2. 5. 1 “It + be + V-ed + that... ”结构
（谓语分译）
13
返回章重点 退出
2. 2 译成主动句
A. 保持原主语不变 1）Love can not be forced.
【译文】爱情不能强求。
2）Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine. 【译文】疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
5
返回章重点 退出
1、英汉被动语态差异
翻译方法—词性转换课件
06
常见错误与纠正方法
常见错误类型
词性误用
在翻译过程中，学生常常 因为对词性掌握不够准确， 导致翻译时词性使用不当。
语法错误
由于对目标语言的语法规 则理解不透彻，学生在翻 译过程中容易出现语法错误。
语义偏差
在翻译过程中，学生可能 因为对原文理解不准确， 导致译文语义与原文存在 偏差。
错误纠正方法
加强词汇积累
提高阅读理解能力
学生应注重词汇的积累，尤其是对词 性的掌握，以提高翻译的准确性。
通过大量阅读，提高对原文的理解能 力，确保译文语义准确。
学习语法规则
深入学习目标语言的语法规则，理解 不同词性在句子中的功能和用法。
练习与提高
多做翻译实践
通过大量的翻译实践，学生可以 不断纠正自己的错误，提高翻译
05
词性转换实践练习
单句练习
总结词
通过简单句子的翻译练习，掌握基本的词性转换技巧。
详细描述
提供一系列包含特定词性的英文句子，要求学习者将其翻译成中文，并注意转换相应的词性。例如， “She is a talented artist.”可翻译为“她是一位有天赋的艺术家。”（名词转换为形容词）。
段落练习
在翻译过程中，由于语言结构和 表达习惯的差异，有时需要采用 词性转换来确保译文自然、流畅， 同时避免歧义和误解。
常见转换类型
名词与动词转换 例如，将英语中的动词"to study"转 换为中文名词"研究"。
动词与名词转换
例如，将中文动词"学习"转换为英文 名词"study"。
形容词与名词转换
例如，将英文形容词"beautiful"转换 为中文名词"美景"。
英汉翻译的技巧转换法共37页PPT资料
• The scientific research in china is characterized by the integration of theory with practice.
• 3、英语表示感觉和心里状态的形容词 汉语动词
• They are quite content with the data obtained from the experiment.
• 9，英语副词 汉语形容词
• Sulphuric acid is one of the extremely reactive agents.
• 硫酸是极强烈的反应剂之一。
• He is rightly accepted the doctor’s advice.
• 他接受医生的建议是正确的。
• The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by accurate and quick computation.
sweetness of light. • 追求完美就是追求美好和光明。 • There is an unseemly exposure of the mind,
as well as of the body. • 一个人赤裸身体是不体面的;同样，暴露着思想
也是不体面的。 • I was ever of opinion, that the honest man
• She married a man of her own choice against her parents’ will.
• 她违背父母的意愿，嫁给了一个自己选择的男人。 • “coming!” away she skimmed over the lawn,
• 3、英语表示感觉和心里状态的形容词 汉语动词
• They are quite content with the data obtained from the experiment.
• 9，英语副词 汉语形容词
• Sulphuric acid is one of the extremely reactive agents.
• 硫酸是极强烈的反应剂之一。
• He is rightly accepted the doctor’s advice.
• 他接受医生的建议是正确的。
• The electronic computer is chiefly characterized by accurate and quick computation.
sweetness of light. • 追求完美就是追求美好和光明。 • There is an unseemly exposure of the mind,
as well as of the body. • 一个人赤裸身体是不体面的;同样，暴露着思想
也是不体面的。 • I was ever of opinion, that the honest man
• She married a man of her own choice against her parents’ will.
• 她违背父母的意愿，嫁给了一个自己选择的男人。 • “coming!” away she skimmed over the lawn,
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 美国总统林肯在葛底斯堡的著名演说词结尾 有句话：
• …and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
• 这个民有、民治、民享的政府将永远不会从 世界上消失。。。
3. The engine has given a constantly good performance.
4. Professor Wilson is said to be a lady killer.
5. The well known scientist was a great lover of literature when he was a child.
三、 转译成形容词
1.名词变形容词
• He found some difficulties to
design a reactor without a computer. • 她感到没有电脑要设计反应堆是困难 的。
• They admitted the feasibility of
our proposal. • 他们承认我们的建议是可行的。
翻译技巧之转化法
八大方法
• 一、词类转换 • 二、句子成分转换 • 三、表达方式转换 • 四、语序转换 • 五、正面、反面表达转换 • 六、主、被动转换 • 七、分句转换 • 八、文化转换
词类转换(conversion)
请翻译
They can fish. ？ 词性判断 如果can为助动词,而fish为动词,则翻译为: 他们会捕鱼 如果can做动词,fish做名词,则翻译为: 他们把鱼制成罐头
6. Differences between the social systems of
states shall not be an obstacle to their
contact and cooperation.
2. 介词、副词变动词
• 介词与动词在语法特征上具有共性,两者都 可以带宾语。实际上不少介词是从动词演变 而来，仍然带有动词的意味。这些介词包括 ：across, around, by, for, in, into, past, through, toward, with
• All peace-loving people demand unconditional prohibition of atomic weapons.
• 一切热爱和平的人民要求无条件地禁止原 子武器。
Note： 我们可以得出这样的结论，英语中“具备 动态概念的名词+of+名词”这种结构在翻 译成汉语时几乎斗殴可以将“具备动态概 念的名词”翻译成动词，将“of+名词”的 翻译成名词短语充当宾语。
goods, having a background of over 30 years. • 我们出口上述商品，已经经营了三十余年 • The economic environment is characterized by buyers, sellers and competitors. • 经济环境的特点就是买、卖与竞争
2. 副词变形容词
• Her lecture impressed us deeply.
• 它的讲演给我们以很深的印象
• The computers are widely used
and play an important part in industry. • 电脑得到了广泛的应用并在工业上起 到了重要作用
• 会计包括设计会计制度，准备财务报 表、审计账目和对成本的研究报告，
展开预测、收入所得税的工作和计算
机的应用，以及分析和解释有助于制 定商业决策的会计信息。
加后缀or或er的名词变动词
• His father is a non-smoker, but he is a chain-smoker.
• 他父亲不抽烟，他抽起来却一根接一根。 • We are exporters of the above
3. Even today the American dollar is technically “backed” by the store of gold which the US government maintains.
2.形容词变名词
• You are skillful in all such matters.
• When I first met my husband, I
was still a stranger to China.
• 我第一次见到我的丈夫的时候，我对 中国还是陌生的
• Peter doesn't consider it a
shame to cheat in exams.
• Peter 不认为考试作弊是可耻的
• 英语和汉语比起来，汉语中动词用得比较多，这 是一个特点，往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动 词，而在汉语中则可以几个动词或动词性结构连 用。
• He admired the President’s stated decision to fight for the job.
• 他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩 。
3. He is utterly ignorant of the US. How can we expect him to enlarge the market for our products there?
二、 转译成名词
1. 动词转名词 英语中很多由名词派生的动词，以 及由名词转化的动词，在翻译成汉 语的过程中往往很不容易找到对应 动词，这时可以将其转译成名词。
Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man’s past wrongdoings.
译文一：和儿子谈话时，老人是年轻人过去 做错事的原谅者。
译文二：在和儿子谈话时，老人宽恕了年轻 人过去做的错事。
一、 转译成动词
• I did not notice the approach of
a policeman when talking with my old classmate in the street.
• 当我在街道上和一个老同学谈话时， 没有注意到一名警察正在走近。
• The doctor’s extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery.
某些名词翻译成动词
• The lecturer gave an excellent
picture of the living conditions in
Africa. • 讲演者生动地描绘了非洲的生活状况
• We can make use of atomic
energy in the production processes. • 我们可以在这些生产过程中应用原子 能
political change. • 我们的时代是深刻的政治变革的见证
Ex：
1：Formality has always characterized their relationship.
2. The design aims at automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity.
world, they think they can speak to you as they like.
• 他们一看见你穷困潦倒，就认为他们可 以想怎么跟你说话就怎么跟你说话。
• That dictionary will be out pretty
soon.
• 那本辞典很快就要出版了。
3.形容词变动词
the newly developed device.
• 研究人员深知新研制的装置缺点在哪 里
• Ex：
1. The students are afraid that
this chemical reaction will take place with great violence.
2. He is quite familiar with the performance of this machine.
• 英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理 状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用 时，往往可以转译成动词。如， confident, certain, careful, cautions, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。
• A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel
sorry for him.
• 一个流浪汉可能向你讨钱，但他绝不 要你同情他
• The researchers have ortcomings of
• Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of forecasts, income tax work, computer applications, and the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions.
• …and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
• 这个民有、民治、民享的政府将永远不会从 世界上消失。。。
3. The engine has given a constantly good performance.
4. Professor Wilson is said to be a lady killer.
5. The well known scientist was a great lover of literature when he was a child.
三、 转译成形容词
1.名词变形容词
• He found some difficulties to
design a reactor without a computer. • 她感到没有电脑要设计反应堆是困难 的。
• They admitted the feasibility of
our proposal. • 他们承认我们的建议是可行的。
翻译技巧之转化法
八大方法
• 一、词类转换 • 二、句子成分转换 • 三、表达方式转换 • 四、语序转换 • 五、正面、反面表达转换 • 六、主、被动转换 • 七、分句转换 • 八、文化转换
词类转换(conversion)
请翻译
They can fish. ？ 词性判断 如果can为助动词,而fish为动词,则翻译为: 他们会捕鱼 如果can做动词,fish做名词,则翻译为: 他们把鱼制成罐头
6. Differences between the social systems of
states shall not be an obstacle to their
contact and cooperation.
2. 介词、副词变动词
• 介词与动词在语法特征上具有共性,两者都 可以带宾语。实际上不少介词是从动词演变 而来，仍然带有动词的意味。这些介词包括 ：across, around, by, for, in, into, past, through, toward, with
• All peace-loving people demand unconditional prohibition of atomic weapons.
• 一切热爱和平的人民要求无条件地禁止原 子武器。
Note： 我们可以得出这样的结论，英语中“具备 动态概念的名词+of+名词”这种结构在翻 译成汉语时几乎斗殴可以将“具备动态概 念的名词”翻译成动词，将“of+名词”的 翻译成名词短语充当宾语。
goods, having a background of over 30 years. • 我们出口上述商品，已经经营了三十余年 • The economic environment is characterized by buyers, sellers and competitors. • 经济环境的特点就是买、卖与竞争
2. 副词变形容词
• Her lecture impressed us deeply.
• 它的讲演给我们以很深的印象
• The computers are widely used
and play an important part in industry. • 电脑得到了广泛的应用并在工业上起 到了重要作用
• 会计包括设计会计制度，准备财务报 表、审计账目和对成本的研究报告，
展开预测、收入所得税的工作和计算
机的应用，以及分析和解释有助于制 定商业决策的会计信息。
加后缀or或er的名词变动词
• His father is a non-smoker, but he is a chain-smoker.
• 他父亲不抽烟，他抽起来却一根接一根。 • We are exporters of the above
3. Even today the American dollar is technically “backed” by the store of gold which the US government maintains.
2.形容词变名词
• You are skillful in all such matters.
• When I first met my husband, I
was still a stranger to China.
• 我第一次见到我的丈夫的时候，我对 中国还是陌生的
• Peter doesn't consider it a
shame to cheat in exams.
• Peter 不认为考试作弊是可耻的
• 英语和汉语比起来，汉语中动词用得比较多，这 是一个特点，往往在英语句子中只用一个谓语动 词，而在汉语中则可以几个动词或动词性结构连 用。
• He admired the President’s stated decision to fight for the job.
• 他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋斗表示钦佩 。
3. He is utterly ignorant of the US. How can we expect him to enlarge the market for our products there?
二、 转译成名词
1. 动词转名词 英语中很多由名词派生的动词，以 及由名词转化的动词，在翻译成汉 语的过程中往往很不容易找到对应 动词，这时可以将其转译成名词。
Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man’s past wrongdoings.
译文一：和儿子谈话时，老人是年轻人过去 做错事的原谅者。
译文二：在和儿子谈话时，老人宽恕了年轻 人过去做的错事。
一、 转译成动词
• I did not notice the approach of
a policeman when talking with my old classmate in the street.
• 当我在街道上和一个老同学谈话时， 没有注意到一名警察正在走近。
• The doctor’s extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery.
某些名词翻译成动词
• The lecturer gave an excellent
picture of the living conditions in
Africa. • 讲演者生动地描绘了非洲的生活状况
• We can make use of atomic
energy in the production processes. • 我们可以在这些生产过程中应用原子 能
political change. • 我们的时代是深刻的政治变革的见证
Ex：
1：Formality has always characterized their relationship.
2. The design aims at automatic operation, easy regulation, simple maintenance and high productivity.
world, they think they can speak to you as they like.
• 他们一看见你穷困潦倒，就认为他们可 以想怎么跟你说话就怎么跟你说话。
• That dictionary will be out pretty
soon.
• 那本辞典很快就要出版了。
3.形容词变动词
the newly developed device.
• 研究人员深知新研制的装置缺点在哪 里
• Ex：
1. The students are afraid that
this chemical reaction will take place with great violence.
2. He is quite familiar with the performance of this machine.
• 英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理 状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用 时，往往可以转译成动词。如， confident, certain, careful, cautions, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious等。
• A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel
sorry for him.
• 一个流浪汉可能向你讨钱，但他绝不 要你同情他
• The researchers have ortcomings of
• Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of forecasts, income tax work, computer applications, and the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions.