中医英语翻译理论与实践
英语翻译理论与实践课程教学方法研究
英语翻译理论与实践课程教学方法研究
《英语翻译理论与实践课程教学方法研究》是一门专门研究英语翻译理论和实践的课程。
本文将探讨该课程的教学方法，包括理论和实践的结合、案例分析、互动讨论等。
该课程的教学方法应该理论与实践相结合。
在理论教学方面，教师可以通过讲授基本
翻译理论的知识，如翻译的定义、目标、原则等，帮助学生理解翻译的基本概念和原则。
教师还可以引导学生学习翻译的分类和方法，如直译、意译、逐译等，帮助学生了解不同
类型的翻译技巧和策略。
除了理论教学，实践也是该课程的重要内容。
学生可以通过实际的翻译练习来提高翻
译能力。
教师可以布置一些翻译任务，让学生选择并翻译一段英文文本，并进行改进。
通
过实际操作，学生能够更好地了解翻译的实际应用和挑战。
教师还可以根据学生的翻译作
品进行评价和指导，帮助学生发现并改正错误，提高翻译的准确性和流畅度。
案例分析是该课程中的重要教学方法。
教师可以选择一些典型的翻译案例，如文学作
品的翻译、政府文件的翻译等，让学生分析并讨论其中的问题和难点。
通过案例分析，学
生能够更深入地理解翻译的复杂性和多样性，培养批判性思维和解决问题的能力。
学生也
可以通过与同学讨论和交流，共同寻找最佳的翻译解决方案。
互动讨论是该课程的有效教学方法之一。
教师可以安排小组讨论或课堂讨论，让学生
分享自己的观点和经验，参与翻译问题的讨论和解答。
通过互动讨论，学生能够积极参与
课堂，发展自己的思维能力和沟通能力。
教师也可以根据学生的讨论情况，及时纠正错误，加深学生对翻译问题的理解。
中医的专业术语英文翻译
中医的专业术语英文翻译大家在写中医论文时候常常遇到一些不容易翻译的词汇，yjbys 网整理了中医的专业术语英文翻译，方便大家写作。
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中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验:clinical experience辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs中药Chinese herbs四气五味:four properties and five tastes针灸acupuncture and moxibustion各家学说theories of different schools汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy下法:purgative therapy吐法:emetic therapy补土派:school of invigorating the earth病因学说:theory of etiology养生:health-cultivation医疗实践medical practice治疗原则:therapeutic principles寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis先天之精:congenital essence气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi。
中医的专业术语英文翻译
中医的专业术语英文翻译中医的专业术语英文翻译大家在写中医论文时候常常遇到一些不容易翻译的词汇，yjbys网整理了中医的专业术语英文翻译，方便大家写作。
快来点赞吧。
中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验:clinical experience辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs中药Chinese herbs四气五味:four properties and five tastes针灸acupuncture and moxibustion各家学说theories of different schools汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy下法:purgative therapy吐法:emetic therapy补土派:school of invigorating the earth病因学说:theory of etiology养生:health-cultivation医疗实践medical practice治疗原则:therapeutic principles寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis先天之精:congenital essence气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi形与神俱:inseparability of the body and spirit神明: spirit/mental activity脏腑:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera功能活动:functional activities形神统一:unity of the body and spirit阴阳失调:imbalance of yin and yang正邪相争:struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 治未病prevention of disease调养 to cultivate health正气 healthy qi病邪 pathogenic factor疾病的防治 prevention and treatment of disease整体观念 concept of holism五脏five zang-organs六腑six fu-organs经络系统system of meridians and collaterals形神统一unity of the body and spirit有机整体organic wholeness表里关系exterior and interior relation开窍opening into生长化收藏five element function脉象pulse conditions正邪关系the states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi自然现象natural phenomena哲学概念philosophical concept对立统一unity and opposites相互消长mutual waning and waxing阴阳属性nature of yin and yang相互转化mutual transformation相互联系interrelation相互制约mutual restraint动态平衡dynamic balance阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang 阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat热极生寒extreme heat generating cold相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each other生理功能physiological functions病理变化pathological changes临床诊断clinical diagnosis有机整体organic wholeness/entirety正邪斗争struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 绝对偏盛absolute predominance阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold阳损及阴consumption of yang involving yin阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid病机pathogenesis五行学说theory of five elements运动变化motion and variation条达舒畅free development相生相克mutual generation and restriction生我我生to be generated and to generate克我我克to be restricted and to restrict生中有制restriction within generation克中有生generation within restriction木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally火曰炎上Fire is characterized by flaming up土曰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping金曰从革Metal is characterized by change水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening anddownward flowing方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the five elements相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction土乘木The wood over-restrains the earth土虚木乘 Earth deficiency leading to over-restriction by wood 金虚木侮metal deficiency leading to counter-restriction by wood生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction制则生化restriction ensuring generation传变transmission of disease母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ肝肾精血不足insufficiency of kidney and liver essence and blood肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs奇恒之府 extraordinary fu-organs水谷精微 cereal nutrients传化水谷 transmissions and transformation of food贮藏精气 storage of essence表里关系 interior and exterior relationship治疗效应 curative effect临床实践 clinical practice藏而不泻 storage without excretion心肝血虚deficiency of heart and liver blood心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire心火亢盛exuberance of heart fire滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver肝阴不足insufficiency of the liver yin温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen 肾阳式微declination of kidney yang脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang肝旺脾虚hyperactivity of the liver and weakness of the spleen 脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水湿停聚retention of water-dampness肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney水火不济discordance between water and fire阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang损其有余reducing excess补其不足supplementing insufficiency阴中求阳obtaining yang from yin虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome扶阳益火strengthening yang to increasing fire祛风散寒eliminating wind to dispersing cold消导积滞promoting digestion and removing food retention 潜阳息风suppressing yang to quench wind阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang相互依存interdependence。
中医药名词英文翻译01（学科相关词汇）
中医药名词英⽂翻译01（学科相关词汇）01.001中医(1)traditional Chinesemedicine；(2)traditionalChinese physician (1)起源与形成于中国的具有整体观念、辨证论治等特点的医学；(2)本学科专业职业队伍。
01.002中药Chinese materia medica在中医理论指导下应⽤的药物。
包括中药材、中药饮⽚和中成药等。
01.003中医学traditional Chinesemedicine 以中医药理论与实践经验为主体，研究⼈类⽣命活动中健康与疾病转化规律及其预防、诊断、治疗、康复和保健的综合性科学。
01.004中药学Chinese materia medica中药学科的统称。
研究中药基本理论和各种药材饮⽚、中成药的来源、采制、性能、功效、临床应⽤等知识的学科。
01.005中医药traditional Chinesemedicine and pharmacy中医与中药的合称。
01.006中医药学traditional Chinesemedicine and pharmacy 中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。
01.007中西医结合integration oftraditional and westernmedicine 以现代医学等现代科学知识及⼿段来继承和发展中医药，中西医学相互补充，取长补短，诊治疾病的医学形式。
01.008中医基础理论basic theory oftraditional Chinesemedicine 研究和阐明中医学的基本概念、基本理论、基本规律、基本原则的学科。
01.009中医诊断学diagnostics oftraditional Chinesemedicine 根据中医学的理论体系，研究诊察病情、判断病种、辨别证候的基础理论、基本知识和基本技能的学科。
01.010⽅剂学prescriptions of Chinesemateria medica研究治法与⽅剂配伍规律及其临床运⽤的学科。
中医术语汉译英的基本方法专家讲座
假如直译，无法正确表示出方剂正确功效；假如
依据功效意译，则英译名繁杂冗长，所以，依据方
剂汉语拼音对名称进行音译，是方剂惯用翻译
方法。比如：
玉屏风散 Yupingfeng San
仙方活命饮 Xianfang Huoming Yin
保济丸
Baoji Wan
中医术语汉译英的基本方法专家讲座
第14页
3）古典中医专著 《黄帝内经》 Huangdi Neijing 《伤寒论》 Shanghan Lun 《金匮要略》 Jingui Yaolue 《温病学》 Wenbing Xue
中医术语汉译英的基本方法专家讲座
第10页
泰山磐石散 细脉
Powder for calming fetus Thready Pulse
中医术语汉译英的基本方法专家讲座
第11页
三．音译
音译即拼音翻译法。因为中西方文化及中西医之 间巨大差异，中医理论中特有一些概念在英语 中极难找到对应语。如“气”、“阴阳”、“气
采取意译手法则能够得其“意义”而不拘泥于“字面”。
中医术语汉译英的基本方法专家讲座
第8页
因而，我们应该将金、木、水、火、土意译为lung,
liver, kidney, heart, spleen, 而不是译成metal,
water, fire, earth.
“木火刑金”可意译成liver fire impairing lung. 如
富，在英语中没有对应对应词。假如采取辞典式
释义方法，无疑违反了翻译简练性标准。因
此，采取音译是一个不得已但主要方法。
“阴”、“阳”、“神”、“脏”、“腑”、 “寸”、“关”、
“尺”、“风”、“气”、“命”可分别翻译成Yin，
中医英语翻译
五脏five zang-organs条达舒畅free development相生相克六腑six fu-organsmutual generation and traditional Chinese中国医药学：restrictionsystem of meridians and经络系统生我我生to be generated and to collaterals generate medicine克我我克to be restricted 形神统一 unity of the body and spirit and to restrict生中有制organic wholenessrestriction within generation 有机整体:basic theory of 中医基础理论克中有生generation within restriction 表里关系exterior and interior relationtraditional Chinese medicine 木曰曲直opening intoWood is characterized by 开窍:clinical experience 临床经验growing freely and peripherally 生长化收藏five element function:treatment based on syndrome 辨证论治火曰炎上脉象pulse conditionsFire is characterized bydifferentiationflaming upstates of pathogenic 正邪关系the :materia medica //medicinal herbs本草土曰稼穑Earth is characterized by factors and healthy qi Chinese herbs中药cultivation and reaping自然现象natural phenomena:four properties and five 四气五味金曰从革哲学概念philosophical concept Metal is characterized bytasteschange对立统一unity and oppositesacupuncture and moxibustion 针灸水曰润下Water is characterized by 相互消长mutual waning and waxingtheories of different schools 各家学说moistening and downward flowing nature of yin and yang 阴阳属性: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy 汗法方位配五行correspondence of the 相互转化mutual transformation:purgative therapy 下法directions to the five elements interrelation 相互联系:emetic therapy吐法相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse 相互制约mutual restraintearth invigorating :school 补土派of the restriction动态平衡dynamic balance:theory of etiology 病因学说土乘木The wood over-restrains the 阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium:health-cultivation 养生earthyang waning and yin waxing 阳消阴长medical practice 医疗实践土虚木乘 Earth deficiency leading to 阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading :therapeutic principles 治疗原则over-restriction by woodto disorder of yang:herbs of cold and cool nature 寒凉药物金虚木侮metal deficiency leading to 阳胜则热 predominance of yang:nourishing yin to lower fire 滋阴降火counter-restriction by wood generating heatstasis :disease 瘀血致病caused blood by 生克制化 extreme cold generating heat 寒极生热interrelationship between:congenital essence先天之精generation and restriction 热极生寒extreme heat generating coldqi 气的运动变化of changes :movement and 制则生化相反相成restriction ensuring opposite and supplementary toand 形与神俱body the :inseparability of generationeach otherspirit传变physiological functions transmission of disease 生理功能 spirit/mental activity:神明母病及子disease of the mother-organ 病理变化pathological changes:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera 脏腑affecting the child-organ临床诊断clinical diagnosis:functional activities 功能活动子病犯母organic wholeness/entirety 有机整体disease of the child-organ:unity of the body and spirit 形神统一affecting the mother-organbetween 正邪斗争struggle healthy qi and:imbalance of yin and yang 阴阳失调肝肾精血不足insufficiency of kidney pathogenic factorsand:struggle between healthy qi 正邪相争liver essence and blood绝对偏盛absolute predominanceand pathogenic factors 肝阳上亢deficiency yang 阳虚则寒hyperactivity of liver yang cold leading toprevention of disease 治未病藏象学说consumption of yang involving 阳损及阴 theory of visceralto cultivate health 调养manifestationsyinhealthy qi 正气五脏六腑insufficiency of yin-fluid 阴液不足 five zang-organs and sixpathogenic factor病邪fu-organs病机pathogenesisprevention and treatment of 疾病的防治奇恒之府五行学说theory of five elements extraordinary fu-organsdiseasecereal nutrients水谷精微motion and variation运动变化 concept of holism整体观念．传化水谷 transmissions and 潜阳息风suppressing yang to quench wind and pathology of the human body as wellas the diagnosis, prevention and interdependence of yin transformation of food 阴阳的互根互用treatment of disease.storage of essence and yang贮藏精气4. interior and exterior interdependence黄帝内经总结了春秋战国以来的医疗成相互依存表里关系就和治疗经验，确立了中医学独特的理论体relationship阴阳离决separation of yin and yang系，成为中医药学发展的基础。
No2 中医英语翻译的实践与探讨 Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿
Medicine: Theory and Practice
1．阴阳五行
• “阴阳学说”常译作 • theory of yin and yang • doctrine of yin and yang。
“阴阳失调”
• 常译作 • imbalance between yin and yang • incoordination between yin and yang。 • 国外亦有译作yin-yang disharmony。 • 中医学上的“失调”有多种含义，在不
补肾tonifying kidney
• 补肾中药天癸方对雄激素致不孕大鼠胰 腺及卵巢雄激素受体的影响
• Effect of tonifying kidney herbs Tiangui Recipe on androgenreceptor levels of ovary and pancreas in androgen sterillized rats
• 《中华中医药杂志》2011年4月第26卷第4期：679 王 莉 复旦大学附属妇产医院
健脾: Invigorating Spleen
• 疏肝健脾方药对非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠 肝组织脂肪酸合成酶mRNA及蛋白表达的 影响
• Effect of Soothing Liver and Invigorating Spleen Recipes on Fas mRNA and protein expression in hepatic tissue of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats
• 基金资助：国家自然科学基金项目
翻译理论与实践知到章节答案智慧树2023年湖南中医药大学
翻译理论与实践知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新湖南中医药大学第一章测试1.下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法？参考答案:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分2.汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式，英语则相反。
参考答案:错3. A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序？参考答案:从主观到客观4.在下列因素里，哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。
参考答案:词义的引申和扩展;文化的因素;一词多义5.翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些？参考答案:情感色彩;文化因素;修辞;作品产生的时代背景6.下列哪些模式适用于英语表达参考答案:焦点前置模式;上下主从层级模式;空间顺序模式7.下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?参考答案:null8.以下哪些句子体现了增词翻译原则中的修辞性增词：参考答案:At thirty-five, she had first learned what it is to be a mother. “她到35岁的时候才生平第一次尝到做母亲的滋味。
”;There has been too muchpublicity about the case. “那件案子已经搞得满城风雨，人尽皆知了。
”9.英语表达中，动词地位不平等是客观存在的事实，主要体现在参考答案:过去分词结构;不定式结构;现在分词结构;无动词结构10.汉语结构中主语缺失是一种十分普遍的现象，而英语中是不允许存在的。
参考答案:错第二章测试1.I hope to be able to come.这个句子体现的是不定式结构的哪种上下主从模式参考答案:主干动词＋不定式的主从关系2.下列哪一项与其它选项过去分词结构体现的上下主从结构模式不一样参考答案:The river witnessed the growth of Chinese people.3.包含原则，是指一个相对较大的时间范围内包含某个精确时间点，在这个精确的时间点发生了某个事件，则以精确事件为焦点，作为主句，置于句首，而关于时间范围的事件，沦为背景信息，作为从句或从属成分，在句中居于偏后的位置。
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及谙熟之，并携医经药典还国， 以华文传于其地。故今之日文多 杂以华字。朝韩越国，旧亦书华 文行儒学。”
After returning their countries, they practiced and taught Chinese medicine through the media of Chinese characters. That is why today Chinese characters still can be found in Japanese written language.”
岐伯对曰：“诸四异之邦文在初创 ，医道未立。故遣其聪慧之士远涉 千山，前来中土，潜习华文，精修 医术。
Qibo answered: “At that time medicine and written language in these countries and areas were not established yet. These countries sent students and scholars to China to study Chinese language and medicine through Chinese media.
黄帝曰：“惜时与卿等谈医论药 ，旨在救天下万民于忧患，非为 吾华夏一族所计。朕观日月交辉 ，忧人世多艰。愿昔时所厘之医 道广播四海，咸宁万国。”
Huangdi said: “I have established this system of medicine for people all over the world, not just for the Chinese nation. I hope that it can be disseminated and practiced over the world.”
黄帝曰：“医者，性命攸关之术。 岂可恣意妄为？差之毫厘，谬之千 里。反左为右，生即为杀。然泰西 之语与吾华夏之文泾渭两色，如之 奈何？”
Huangdi said: “Medicine is closely related to the life of the people. One small mistake may lead to a great disaster. But the Western languages are so different from the Chinese language. How to translate Chinese medicine into Western languages then?”
岐伯曰：“陛下所立之医道 乃兴国生民之大法。故当传 于四方，惠及愚智贤不肖。
Qibo said: “The medicine that Your Majesty have established is indispensable to the life of the people. So it should be disseminated to all the whole world and serve for peoples from different countries.
仆初嫌其辞不雅。维祗难曰：“佛言 依其义不用饰，取其法不以严。其传经者 ，当令易晓，勿失厥义，是则为善。”座 中咸曰：“老氏称‘美言不信，信言不美 。’仲尼亦云：‘书不尽言，言不尽意。 ’明圣人意深邃无极。今传胡义，实宜径 达。”是以自偈受译人口，因循本旨，不 加文饰。
译业与译才
咸宁万国第一
Bringing peace to all the countries in the world
Huangdi asked: “Where can we find such erudite scholars to undertake such a difficult task?”
岐伯对曰：“华夏之国，今恰政通人 和，重教兴学。此等贤才，当可访寻 。陛下即可遣一天官到下界走访一番 ，若遇此等贤才，即诏命其精研译道 ，传译华夏医药于泰西诸国。”
单词来表达中医特有的概念。亦即通过
对英语已有单词的重新排列组合向英语 语言输入中医特有的概念和表达法。
2. 定义化
辨证论治：diagnosis and treatment based on the overall analysis of symptoms and signs
“辨证论治”目前已基本简洁为 treatment based on syndrome differentiation 或syndrome differentiation and treatment
look for such qualified translators.”
黄帝曰：“卿言极是。雷公何 在？”
雷公拜曰：“臣谨听圣训。”
Huangdi said: “Good suggestion! Where’s Leigong?”
Leigong kowtowed
and
answered: “I am ready to follow
certainly not very difficult.
朕所虑者，乃泰西之国。其国 与华夏远涉重洋，言语迥异。 华夏之医，如何传之于彼？”
What I am always worrying about is the countries in the West. The Western countries are quite different from China in language and customs. What shall we do to disseminate Chinese medicine to these countries?”
岐伯曰：“古人云：名物不同，传 实不易。欲使泰西之人晓谕华夏医 术，须经翻译之径。然泰西之语与 华夏之文契合者少，遂使翻译辞不 达义，谬误广布。”
Qibo answered: “It is true that the Western languages are totally different from the Chinese language. That is why there are many errors in the current translation of Chinese medicine into the Western languages.”
诏命其精研译道，传译华医于泰 西，以使万国咸宁，天下安康。
雷公稽首再拜曰：“谨遵圣意。 ”
When you have found such erudite scholars, ask them to carefully study the methods of translation and translate Chinese medicine into Western languages.”
中医英语翻译 理论与实践
上海师范大学外国语学院
李照国
一点常识
《礼记·王制》
“
中国，夷、蛮、戎、狄 ……五方之民，言语不通， 嗜欲不同。达其志，通其欲 ，东方曰寄，南方曰象，西 方曰狄鞮，北方曰译。”
严子《译例言》
译事三难信 达 雅。 求其信已大难矣。 顾信矣不达。虽译 犹不译也。
支谦《法句经序》
黄帝升坐紫微宫，岐伯、雷公各侍 左右。
Huangdi was sitting in the palace in the Heaven. Qibo and Leigong, his senior ministers, were standing on either
side in attendance.
黄帝曰：“吐蕃、西域及朔。华夏医道传之其地当无山隔 水断之忧。
Huangdi said: “Korea, Japan and Viet Nam are all the countries within the circle of Confucian civilization. The dissemination of Chinese medicine in these countries is
岐伯对曰：“必得精于华夏医术、谙 于泰西言语之士潜心较之、辨之，方 可厘定传译之序，通达医道之旨，消 讹除误，交通东西。”
黄帝问曰：“此等贤士，何处可得？ ”
Qibo answered: “It can only be done by those who have a good command of both Western languages and Chinese medicine. ”
Your Majesty’s edict.”
黄帝曰：“今差汝速往 下界，遍访华夏古国， 悉求精通医术、熟谙西 语之贤士。
Huangdi said: “I’ll send you to the world of man to look for qualified translators who have a good command of both Chinese medicine and Western languages.
自《黄帝内经》问世，华夏医道于汉 唐之际东传高丽、扶桑，南播交趾诸 岛，北及朔方之域，西入吐蕃高原， 于各族各部之繁荣昌盛，善莫大焉。 ”
Since the publication of Huangdi Neijing, Chinese medicine was spread to Korea, Japan, Viet Nam and northern areas of China. It has made great contributions to the prosperity and development of these countries.”
Qibo answered: “China now is stable and peaceful. The government pays much attention to education. Qualified translators can certainly be found in this country with such a great ancient civilization. Your Majesty may send an official from the Heaven to the world of man to