中美贸易战(英文)
中美贸易战(英语讲义配PPT)
Trade War•唐纳德特朗普是美国商人、电视真人秀、政客、总统。
Donald trump is an American businessman, reality TV show, politician and President.•在商人期间，特朗普建造了办公大楼、酒店、娱乐、高尔夫球场和世界各地其他有名的建筑。
During his time as a businessman, trump built office buildings, hotels, entertainment, golf courses and other famous buildings around the world.•特朗普的精神问题有以下几点，推特治国、退出TTP、巴黎气候协定、伊核协议、联合国教科文组织等等。
Trump's spiritual problems include the rule of twitter, the withdrawal of the TTP, the Paris climate agreement, the Iranian nuclear agreement, UNESCO and others.•他的他经常性侵犯女性，以至于她们现在纷纷来起诉他。
He was so often sexually assaulting women that they are now suing him.•他指定他的女儿和女婿作为总统助理和高级顾问。
He appointed his daughter and son-in-law as presidential aides and senior advisers.•他上任24小时就推翻了奥巴马医保法案。
He overthrew obamacare within 24 hours of taking office.•发布禁止穆斯林入境指令和修建美墨边境墙。
中美贸易战
贸易战过程
美国
北京时间3月23日凌晨，美国总统特朗普签署备忘录， 基于美贸易代表办公室公布的对华“301调查”报告， 指令有关部门对从中国进口约600亿美元商品大规模加 征关税，并限制中国企业对美投资并购。在此之前， 美国1月23日宣布将对进口太阳能电池和太阳能板以及 大型家用洗衣机征收临时性关税，3月8日宣布将对进 口钢铁和铝分别课以25%和10%的重税。由于美国3月 23日宣布暂时豁免对欧盟、阿根廷、澳大利亚、巴西、 加拿大、墨西哥、韩国等经济体的钢铝关税至5月1日， 其贸易制裁意在中国不言而喻。
“301条款”为美国《1974 年贸易法》第301条的俗称。 该条款授权美国贸易代表可 对他国的“不合理或不公正 贸易做法”发起调查，并可 在调查结束后，建议美国总 统实施单边制裁，包括撤销 贸易优惠、征收报复性关税 等，包括一般301条款、超 级301条款、特殊301条款。
本轮“301调查”于2017年8月 启动，调查重点在中国企业是 否“涉嫌侵犯美国知识产权和 强制美国企业作技术转让，以 及美国企业是否被迫与中方合 作伙伴分享先进技术”等议题。 这属于特殊301条款，是美国 继1991年4月、1991年10月、 1994年6月、1999年4月、 2010年10月之后的第六次对中 国动用301条款。
国国是、发国更中的国
家复贸新展制具国农拟
天兴易能的造比加产中
中美贸易战
就这起案子而言，美方借新能源发难，自有其经济考 虑，毕竟新能源是美国重点推出的战略产业，“山姆 大叔”（美国）企图借重点发展的战略产业夺取和巩 固全球经济体系制高点，在反危机后分量更重。实事 求是地说，在新能源领域，美国起步早，占有研发等 方面优势；中国起步晚，虽然投资力度强大，产能增 长迅猛，某些新能源产品产能已经是世界最大，但好 些新能源产品中国缺乏核心技术，主要企业基本上还 是进口美欧日的核心元件然后组装，中美在这个领域 虽然是对手，但还不是全面竞争的对手。可是，为了 尽可能把竞争对手扼杀在襁褓之中，“山姆大叔”还 是有必要及早动手。
自奥巴马就职以来，美国对“中国 制造”频繁开刀，涉及金额超过20 亿美元
轮胎特保案是指美国国际贸易委员会于2009年6月229日提 出建议，对中国输美乘用车与轻型卡车轮胎连续三年分别 加征55%、45%和35%的从价特别关税。根据程序，2009年9 月11日，奥巴马决定对中国轮胎特保案实施限制关税为期 三年。2010年12月13日，WTO驳回中国提出的美国对其销美 轮胎征收反倾销惩罚性关税的申诉，仲裁小组表示美国在 2009年9月对中国销美轮胎采取“过渡性质保护措施”征收 惩罚性关税未违反WTO规定。2011年9月5日，世界贸易组织 （WTO）裁定中国败诉。
贸易战又称“商战”，由于一些国家通 过高筑贸易壁垒，限制别国商品进入本 国市场，同时又通过倾销和外汇贬值等 措施争夺国外市场，由此引发的一系列 报复和反报复，称为贸易战。如果贸易 战争的武器仅限于相互提高关税税率， 对此称为“关税战”。
贸易壁垒又称贸易障碍。对国外国 间商品劳务交换所设置的人为限制， 主要是指一国对外国商品劳务进口 所实行的各种限制措施。一般分关 税壁垒和非关税壁垒两类。
关税配额：指对一定数量（配额量）内的进 口产品使用较低的税率，对超过该配额 量的进口产品则使用较高的税率。
中美贸易战ppt课件
交流和合作。
未来全球贸易体系的发展方向
多边贸易体系加强
面对单边主义和保护主义的挑战，未来全球贸易体系将更 加依赖多边贸易体系，各国将加强合作，共同维护自由贸 易和全球化。
区域贸易协定深化
在多边贸易体系加强的同时，区域贸易协定也将进一步深 化，形成更多的大区域经济一体化格局，促进全球贸易自 由化。
贸易战影响全球供应链
中美贸易战可能导致全球供应链的断裂和重组， 对全球制造业和服务业产生重大影响。
对全球投资的影响
投资信心受挫
贸易战导致全球经济不确定性增 加，投资者对未来的预期变得更
加悲观，进而减少投资。
投资收益下降
由于全球经济环境的不确定性，投 资者可能会降低投资回报预期，进 而导致投资收益下降。
数字贸易规则完善
随着数字经济的快速发展，未来数字贸易规则将成为全球 贸易体系的重要议题，各国将加强合作，制定更加完善的 数字贸易规则。
未来全球经济治理的挑战与机遇
全球经济治理挑战加大
全球经济治理面临着诸多挑战，如气候变化、金融风险、贫富差 距等，需要各国加强合作，共同应对。
全球经济治理机遇增多
全球经济治理也面临着诸多机遇，如新兴市场和发展中国家的崛 起、科技创新和绿色发展等，为全球经济治理提供了新的动力和 方向。
THANK YOU
感谢聆听
中美贸易战ppt课件
目
CONTENCT
录
• 中美贸易战概述 • 中美贸易战的主要争端 • 中美贸易战的走势分析 • 中美贸易战的解决方案 • 中美贸易战对全球经济的影响 • 中美贸易战的未来展望
01
中美贸易战概述
我国和美国的贸易战
4.美国若要制裁中国，势必伤及自身。
与上世纪80Biblioteka 代美日. 贸易战的情形不同，当时美国从日本进口的产品完全是日本的自主产品，这
些日本产品对美国本土制造的同类产品形成挤压。
这种情况下，阻止日本产品的进入是可以做到的。
而美中贸易之所以形成巨额逆差，美国自己的 企业脱不了干系。中国销往美国的产品，用的是美 国企业的品牌和销售渠道，出口所得收入的大头也 归入这些美国企业囊中。美国企业为了实现利润最 大化，将生产转移到中国。在中国，拥有自己生产 厂房的那些公司也主要是外资企业。在全球化的产 业链中，中美两国早已水乳交融密不可分，美国若 要制裁中国，势必伤及自身。
3.贸易战的受益者是其他国家，而不是美国
华盛顿的卡托研究所贸易政策研究中心副主任埃肯森撰文指 出，对中国出口美国的商品课以重税，只会把生产这些商品 的工作机会推给中国之外的其他国家，而这并不会给美国带 来更多的工作和生产机会。埃肯森指出，美国的制造商选择 把特定的轮胎外包给中国，是因为在这个地点进行生产行为 最符合制造商的经济利益。但是增加对中国的贸易限制不会 让美国的制造业更有吸引力，也不会把工作机会拿回来。因 为相对较高的劳动力成本使得美国在全球化中的劳动力成本 竞争不占优势。结果只能是，这些工作机会自动的从劳动力 成本高的地方流向了成本更低的地方，如从中国转移到墨西 哥、印度尼西亚或者巴西。并且美国这样做的更严重的一个 后果就是违背了先前在G20峰会上所做的避免保护主义的承 诺，也让美国在WTO成员中失去信用。
影响中美贸易关系的因素
第一个影响中美贸易关系的因素是美国对中国的贸易赤 字问题。2001年中美贸易赤字为280.8亿美元；2002年达到
427亿美元；2003年增加至586亿美元；2004年这一数字为 802.7亿美元，同比增长36.8％。由此可以看到中美贸易赤字伴 随着中美贸易额的增加也在扩张。由于美国目前正经历着双赤字 的困扰，整个美国贸易赤字也屡创新高，因此在这一时期对美贸 易赤字问题也格外敏感。
中美贸易战
中美贸易战
第一，保持战略定力，辩证看待中美贸易冲突对我国经济的负面效应，努力争取化危为 机，实现产业转型升级。美国对我国部分出口商品增加关税确实会对我国钢铁、化工等 行业出口有负面影响，但客观上也将倒逼我国产能过剩的行业进一步去产能、去库存。 因此，要以十分的定力继续推进供给侧结构性改革，通过去产能、去库存、去杠杆，降 低无风险利率，减轻政府负担，为后续改革腾出资源和空间；同时，通过提振内需并有 针对性地发展新兴产业来推进产业结构升级，实现我国经济增长从要素驱动向创新驱动 转变。
中国自身因素
四
中国的应对之策
中国应该怎么做
Hale Waihona Puke 日 本中美贸易战 依据对美“自愿”出口限制协议控制相关
行业产品出口数量，以此缓解美国压力。 签订“广场协议”实施日元升值，并实施 宽松的财政政策和货币政策以扩大内需。 第三，支持日本对外直接投资，推动产业 转移和产业升级。 第一，德国实施双向自由贸易开放政策，
谢谢聆听！
CHINA/AMERICA
汇报人：何爽
威胁
在 1995 年，世界贸易组织成立之后，作为 WTO 的 成员国，美国和多数国家都承诺用多边解决机制来
处理成员国之前的纠纷和摩擦，在那之后，美国贸
易法中的301条款就很少被采用了。“301调查”案 件迄今只有27起，这一调查手段基本闲置。
中美贸易战—301条款
早在今年2月16日，就在国人还沉浸在欢度 春节的喜悦中时，美国商务部突然公布了 对美国钢铁和铝的国家安全调查报告; 特朗普也在之后表示，将从3月23 对进口钢铁和铝产品加征关税。 而 日起，
3 月 22 日，美国总统唐纳德 . 特朗普正式签署 了一份总统备忘录，宣布将对价值600亿美元 的中国进出口产品征收“惩罚性”关税，原因 在于它们涉嫌对美国公司的知识产权进行了 “剽窃 ”。
中美贸易逆差的英语
中美贸易逆差的英语The Persistent Trade Deficit Between China and the United StatesThe trade relationship between China and the United States has been a complex and often contentious one, with the persistent trade deficit between the two countries being a constant source of tension and debate. This imbalance in trade has been a topic of much discussion and analysis, with both countries seeking to understand the underlying causes and find ways to address the issue.One of the primary factors contributing to the trade deficit is the stark difference in the economic structures and development levels of the two countries. China, with its vast population and rapidly growing economy, has become a major manufacturing hub, producing a wide range of goods that are exported to the United States and other countries around the world. In contrast, the United States has a more service-oriented economy, with a significant portion of its GDP coming from the financial, technology, and healthcare sectors.This difference in economic structure has led to a situation where the United States imports a large volume of goods from China, whileexporting a relatively smaller amount of goods and services to the Asian giant. The resulting trade deficit has been a source of concern for policymakers in the United States, who argue that it has contributed to the loss of manufacturing jobs and the decline of certain industries.However, it is important to note that the trade deficit is not solely the result of unfair trade practices or currency manipulation, as some have claimed. Rather, it is a complex issue that is influenced by a variety of factors, including differences in comparative advantage, the global supply chain, and the relative strength of the two economies.For instance, China's comparative advantage in manufacturing and its ability to produce goods at lower costs has allowed it to capture a significant share of the global market, including the United States. This has led to a situation where American consumers have access to a wide range of affordable goods, which has benefited them in terms of increased purchasing power and improved standards of living.At the same time, the global supply chain has become increasingly integrated, with many American companies relying on Chinese suppliers and manufacturers to produce components and finished goods that are then sold in the United States and other markets. This interdependence has made it difficult to simply shift production backto the United States, as doing so would require significant investment in infrastructure, training, and other resources.Furthermore, the relative strength of the two economies has also played a role in the trade deficit. The United States has a large and affluent consumer market, which has made it an attractive destination for Chinese exports. Meanwhile, the Chinese economy has been growing at a rapid pace, with a burgeoning middle class that has increased demand for American goods and services.Despite these complexities, both the United States and China have taken steps to address the trade deficit. The United States has implemented a range of trade policies, including tariffs and other restrictions, in an effort to level the playing field and reduce the imbalance. China, on the other hand, has sought to increase its imports of American goods and services, as well as to encourage its citizens to consume more domestic products.However, these efforts have had limited success, and the trade deficit has persisted. This has led to increased tensions between the two countries, with both sides engaging in a protracted trade war that has had significant economic and political consequences.In conclusion, the persistent trade deficit between China and the United States is a complex and multifaceted issue that cannot beeasily resolved. While both countries have taken steps to address the imbalance, the underlying structural and economic factors that have contributed to the deficit remain in place. Ultimately, finding a sustainable solution to this issue will require a nuanced and collaborative approach, one that takes into account the interests and concerns of both countries and their citizens.。
中美贸易战英语作文
中美贸易战英语作文The Sino-US Trade War。
In recent years, the trade war between China and the United States has become a hot topic in the international community. The two largest economies in the world have been engaged in a tit-for-tat tariff battle, with both sides imposing tariffs on each other's goods. This has not only affected the two countries' economies, but also had a significant impact on the global economy.The trade war began when the United States accused China of unfair trade practices, such as intellectual property theft and forced technology transfer. In response, the US imposed tariffs on Chinese goods, prompting China to retaliate with tariffs of its own. The situation escalated further when the US blacklisted Chinese tech giant Huawei, and China suspended purchases of US agricultural products.The trade war has had far-reaching consequences forboth countries. In the United States, the tariffs have ledto higher prices for consumers and disrupted supply chains for businesses. In China, the economy has also been affected, with exports declining and businesses facing uncertainty. The trade war has also had a ripple effect on other countries, as global trade has slowed and investment has been put on hold.Despite the negative impact of the trade war, bothChina and the United States have shown a willingness to negotiate and find a resolution. In December 2019, the two countries reached a "phase one" trade deal, which included commitments from China to purchase more US goods andaddress intellectual property concerns. However, the trade war is far from over, and both sides continue to engage in talks to resolve their differences.The trade war between China and the United States has highlighted the importance of fair and open trade practices. It has also underscored the interconnectedness of theglobal economy, and the need for countries to work together to address trade disputes. While the trade war has hadnegative consequences, it has also provided an opportunity for both countries to reevaluate their trade policies and work towards a more balanced and mutually beneficial relationship.In conclusion, the Sino-US trade war has had a significant impact on the global economy, and has highlighted the need for fair and open trade practices. While the trade war has caused disruptions and uncertainty, it has also provided an opportunity for both countries to address their differences and work towards a more balanced trade relationship. It is important for China and the United States to continue engaging in dialogue and negotiations to find a resolution to the trade war, and to ensure that their trade practices are fair and beneficial for both countries.。
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Us Commerce Departmentຫໍສະໝຸດ Show attitude
taxes on American
roughly adjudicated that aluminum
Not start trade war
soybeans, automobiles, etc. alloy plate(铝合金板) from China exists
China ministry adjudicated that the US company had dumped(倾销) broomcorn(高粱) on the Chinese
impose $30 billion
25% on 1,333 items of
market and the imports had caused
Trade war
A trade war refers to two or more states raising or creating tariffs or other trade barriers on each other in retaliation for other trade barriers.
Thanks for your attention
tariffs on US
Chinese imports worth
substantial damage to the domestic
production (fruit pork) $50 billion.
producers.
Countermeasure(反制
措施): compare value
Decided to raise
Part two
How did it happen?
(prelude) tariffs Steel：25% Aluminum(铝)：10%
Not long after, exemption(豁免) EU, Australia，Canada Coca-Cola 0.67%↑
China has imposed the tariffs on 128 items of US imports.
Part three
What is the effect of it?
Role paly
As if you were one of them, what do you think is the effect of the trade war on your life?
输入简单的文字
输入简单的文字
2018.3.9 2018.3.23 2018.4.2 2018.4.4 2018.4.5 2018.4.17 2018.4.22
An order calling for
over $60 billion
Intellectual property(知识产权)
the US officially issued a specific commodity list. Impose the tariffs of
Guessing
vendor
consumer
Reporter: Yuyan Li
Date: April 25th, 2018
CONTENTS
0 1 What is it? 0 2 How did it happen? 0 3 What is the effect of it?
Part one
What is it?
Stop provocations(挑衅) （51% exported to China） subsidy(存在补贴行为).
Tax↑ prices ↑ competitiveness↓ development of high technology industry↓ Infer that the price of American products will definitely rise.
Trump threatened to set an extra tariffs worth $1,00 billion on Chinese imports. Cannot be realized.
Seems to reach a turning point. US finance minister said he considered going to China to negotiate the trade issues. before no sit down face-to-face talk. Chance to reach agreement.
输入简单的文字
American farmer
China raises taxes on our soybean exports, it is not beneficial to my career. My farm may go out of
Chinese fruit vendor
Chinese consumer