2020年高考英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
英语虚拟语气的用法一．语气的概念英语动词不仅有时态、语态等的变化，而且还有语气的变化。
语气和时态、语态一样都是英语的语法现象。
从形式上看，语气是动词的一种变化形式。
从意义上讲，语气是表示说话人对某一行为或某一事情的看法和态度。
根据说话人的意图，语气可分3种：⑴直陈语气（又叫陈述语气）——用来陈述事实（或提问题）等。
可以用于陈述句，也可以用于疑问句或感叹句。
⑵祈使语气——用来提出请求或命令等。
主要用于祈使句。
⑶虚拟语气——见下面。
语气和时态是截然不同的概念，但语气要通过动词的时态形式表示出来。
二．虚拟语气㈠概念通常是表示说话人所说的话不是一种事实，而是一种纯粹的假设、虚拟、主观愿望或建议等。
可以用于陈述句，也可以用于疑问句等。
㈡动词形式虚拟语气的动词形式大多数情况是用动词（相应）的过去时（相对直陈语气而言）。
动词be若用过去式时可以一律用were。
㈢应用⑴在含有条件状语从句的复合句中的应用。
表示纯粹的假设，或可能性很小的情况。
主从句的谓语动词主要形式如下：例：1）If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie.2）What would you do if you had a million dollars ?3）If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.4）If he h adn’t been strict with himself, he wouldn’t have made such progress.⑵在wish等宾语从句中的应用。
表示纯粹的主观愿望，不可能实现的，或实现的可能性极小的情况。
宾语从句谓语动词根据具体情况常可用一般过去时，过去将来时或过去完成时等。
例如： 1）I wish that I could help him now.我现在要是能帮上他该多好啊！或我多么希望现在能帮上他！（言下之意：我现在帮不上他，没能力帮助他）2）I wish I could come here tomorrow.明天我要是能来这儿就好了！（言下之意：我明天根本不可能来这儿，或我明天能来这儿的可能性很小）3）We wish he hadn’t gone. 他要是没有走该多好啊！⑶用在suggest等的宾语从句中，表是纯粹的建议。
句型为：suggest(ed) that … (should) + 动词原形…（should可省略）1）He suggests that we (should) visit the museum.2) We suggested that he _____ here every day.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. can comeE. could come虚拟语气的几种特殊用法1.省掉if的条件从句结构：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing.(=If he were a true friend, he...)(=If there were no water,…)(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去]（=>可转换为：If there hadn’t been your advice, we …）Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来] (=> 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去](=> 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home.五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right.2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：It is right that you should have done your homework.3、wish的用法I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish they’d let us get some sleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。
wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。
试比较：（1）We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)（2）We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：He acts as if nothing had happened.I would rather you didn’t tell him.5、It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.It’s high time (that) we took some action.虚拟语气专项练习题(1). If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.A. beB. wasC. wereD. am(2). I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they____speak with French accents.A. don'tB. will notC. mustn'tD. wouldn't(3) _____today, would we be able to get there by Tuesday?A. Were we leavingB. If we leaveC. Would we leaveD. Were we to leave(4). If Jone____tomorrow, what would you do?A. were not to comeB. will not comeC. would not comeD. had not come(5). “She didn't ask me, so I didn't help her?”“You mean to say_____, you would've helped her ?”A. if she asked youB. if she were to ask youC.had she asked you C. were she to ask you(6). They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them_____.A. might have diedB. might dieC. would dieD. could die(7). If they had known him, _____to him?A. would they have talkedB. would they talkC.had they talkedD. they would talk(8). If I lived in the city, I ____travel in croweded buses, but I_____to see lots of films.A. shall have to/shall be ableB. shall have to/am ableC. would have to/were ableD. would have to/would be able(9). I would have gone to the concert, if I_____time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had(10). _____I know it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having(11). _____your help, I would not have succeeded.A. BecauseB. Because ofC. ButD. But for(12). “What did Mr Smith say about his career?”“Only that if he____ a millionaire, he would have fewer worries.”A. did not becomeB. had not becomeC. does not becomeD. has not become(13). “Why didn't you help him?”“I would have____ I didn't have the money.” A. still B. but C. otherwise D. or (14). “Who should go to see Li Ying? He is ill today.”“I suggest Wang Hong_____.”A. goesB. would goC. goD. went(15). The housemaster was strict. He requested that we_____television on week nights.A. not watchB. must not to watchC. not be watchingD. have not watch(16). I can't speak Japanese, but I do wish I____. A. can B. could C. had D. speak(17). “Are you enjoying your stay here?’“Yes, very much. I wish I_____ have to leave so soon.”A. won'tB. don'tC. mustn'tD. didn't(18). “What will you do during the summer holidays?”“I don't know, but it's about time _____on some thing.”A. I'm decidingB. I'll decideC. I decidedD. I'd decided(19). I'd rather you_____ anything about it for the time being.A. sayB. didn't sayC. don't sayD. not say(20). “Why do you have to be there at six?”“The teach er demands that everyone _____in his seat at six.”A. would beB. can beC. beD. will be(21). He makes a note of the assignment lest he_____it.A. forgetsB. forgetC. will forgetD. will not forget(22). “how does the librarian act?”“He acts as if he_____a walking dictionary.” A. were B. be C. is D. has been(23). There is a law that drunken drivers_____ severely punished.A. wereB. areC. beD. will be(24). I wish you ______interrupt when I'm talking on the phone.A. will notB. would notC. do notD. did not(25). Henry talks to his dog as if it ____ him.A. understandsB. understoodC. understandD. would understand(26). Jeff looked as if he _____a ghost. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see(27). Give her my best regards, ________.A. should you see her todayB. if you saw her todayC. if you would see her todayD. should you have seen her today(28). There was a suggestion by the teachers that the meeting______postponed for a week.A. had beenB. would beC. wasD. should be(29). It is highly desirable that every effort______to reduce pollution in Bei jing.A. was madeB. be madeC. will be madeD. would be made(30). The manager would rather that his wife_____work in the same office as he dose.A. does notB. did notC. would notD. will not虚拟语气专项练习题参考答案（1）C (2) D (3) D (4) A (5) C (6) A (7) A (8) D (9) A (10) C (11) D (12) B (13) B (14) C (15) A (16) B (17) D (18) C (19) B (20) C (21) B (22) A (23) C (24) B (25) B (26) C (27) A (28) D (29) B (30) B。
2014-2020年高考英语真题分类训练 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气(教师版含解析)
2020年高考英语题组1. (2020﹒江苏)If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.A. won’t beB. wouldn’t have beenC. wouldn’t beD. shouldn’t have been【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。
句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。
分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。
故选C。
2. (2020﹒天津)Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .A. mustB. canC. needD. should【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。
句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。
A. must必须；B. can能，可以；C. need需要；D. should应该。
根据后面的”as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim 许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。
故选B。
2019年高考题【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。
句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。
高中英语虚拟语气单选题50题(含答案)
高中英语虚拟语气单选题50题(含答案)1.If I were you, I ______ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should答案：B。
解析：本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。
if 引导的虚拟条件句，对现在情况虚拟时，从句用一般过去时，be 动词一律用were；主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
选项A 是将来时；选项C 通常用于第一人称；选项D should 表示“应该”，在这里不如would 更符合虚拟语气的用法。
2.If he had time, he ______ go to the park.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should答案：B。
解析：与上一题类似，对现在情况虚拟。
从句是if he had time，主句用would + 动词原形。
选项A 是将来时；选项C 一般不用于这种情况；选项D should 在此处不合适。
3.If I had a car, I ______ drive to school.A.willB.wouldD.should答案：B。
解析：对现在情况虚拟，从句用一般过去时，主句用would + 动词原形。
选项A 是将来时；选项C 不用于此处；选项D should 意思不对。
4.If she were rich, she ______ buy a big house.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should答案：B。
解析：同样是对现在情况虚拟，主句用would + 动词原形。
选项A 是将来时；选项C 一般不这样用；选项D should 不符合。
5.If we had more time, we ______ finish this project.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should答案：B。
解析：对现在情况虚拟，主句用would + 动词原形。
高考英语语法虚拟语气练习题30题(带答案)
高考英语语法虚拟语气练习题30题(带答案)1. If I ______ (be) you, I would study harder for the college entrance examination.A. amB. wasC. wereD. had been答案：C。
解析：在if引导的表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，be动词一律用were。
选项A是一般现在时，不符合虚拟语气的语法规则。
选项B虽然是be动词的过去式形式，但在这种虚拟语气结构中不能用was。
选项D是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中的用法，与本题的现在事实相反的语境不符。
2. If he had known the result of the exam yesterday, he ______ (not be) so sad today.A. isn'tB. wasn'tC. wouldn't beD. hadn't been答案：C。
解析：这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。
从句是与过去事实相反（had known），主句是与现在事实相反，在这种情况下，主句要用would + 动词原形，否定形式为wouldn't + 动词原形。
选项A 是一般现在时的否定形式，不符合语法规则。
选项B是一般过去时的否定形式，也不符合混合虚拟语气的要求。
选项D是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中主句的用法，不适合这里与现在事实相反的情况。
3. If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we would cancel the football match.A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. should rain答案：D。
解析：在if引导的表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，有三种形式：动词过去式、should + 动词原形、were to+动词原形。
选项A是一般现在时，用于表示将来的真实条件句，不符合虚拟语气规则。
高考英语：虚拟语气全解析(含具体讲解,习题及答案)
例如：
I wish (ed) I could (would, might) go to the moon in a
与将来事实相反 动词过去式， would/ should/ should + 动词原 could/ might + 动 形，were to + 动 词原形 词原形
• 注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国 英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的 should 可用于各种人称。
例如：
I would rather he stayed at home now. 我宁愿他现在在家里．
he stayed at home tomorrow. 我宁愿他明天在家里.
he had stayed at home yesterday. 我宁愿他昨天在家里 ( 4 ) wish=if only+从句（从句谓语动词有三种形式） ①would (could, might) +动词原形（与过去事实相反） ②动词过去式（与现在事实相反） ③had+过去分词或用could have+ 过去分词（与过去事 实相反）
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下与现在事实相反动词的过去式的过去式一般用werewouldshouldcouldmight词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词wouldshouldcouldmight过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式should动词原形wouldshouldcouldmight主句中的should只用于iwe但在美国英语中should常被would代替
• 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大 可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天 见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你， 因此也未能问你这件事。)
2020年虚拟语气高考试题专项练习题及答案专项模拟讲义总复习
D. I’d better not do
25. If only I ___my car.
A. hadn’t lost
B. wouldn’t lose
C. didn’t lose
D. haven’t lost
26. But for(要不是，要是没有) water, it
____impossible to live in the earth .
C. had been
D. should be
30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss
this problem.
A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held
31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying.
A. had been, would have prevented
B. had been, would prevent
C. were, prevent
D. were, would have prevented
13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam.
A. If he were to work B. Had he worked
五年高考
1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he
would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a
2020全国高考英语 单项选择题解析 情态动词和虚拟语气专题
2020全国高考英语单项选择题解析情态动词和虚拟语气专题1.(2020全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should答案 D解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。
句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。
”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done 本来应该做某事，而实际没做。
but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。
2.(2020全国卷II,8) If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。
句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。
”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。
根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。
3.（2020北京卷,24）——I don’t really like Ja mes. Why did you invite him? ——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法。
句意为“——我真不喜欢James。
你为何请了他？——别担心。
他可能来不了。
他说他的计划还没安排好。
”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。
高中英语虚拟语气练习题50题含答案解析
高中英语虚拟语气练习题50题含答案解析1.If I were you, I ____ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案解析：B。
本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。
if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果是对现在情况的虚拟，从句用一般过去时，be 动词用were，主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
A 选项will 是一般将来时，不符合虚拟语气的用法；C 选项can 表示能力，不符合虚拟语气的要求；D 选项must 表示必须，也不符合虚拟语气的要求。
2.If I had enough time, I ____ join the club.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案解析：B。
对现在情况的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
A 选项will 不是虚拟语气的用法；C 选项can 表示能力，不用于虚拟语气；D 选项must 表示必须，不用于虚拟语气。
3.If I knew his phone number, I ____ call him.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案解析：B。
对现在情况的虚拟语气，主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
A 选项will 不是虚拟语气的用法；C 选项can 表示能力，不符合虚拟语气要求；D 选项must 表示必须，不符合虚拟语气。
4.If I were taller, I ____ play basketball better.A.willB.wouldC.canD.must答案解析：B。
对现在情况的虚拟语气，主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。
A 选项will 不是虚拟语气的用法；C 选项can 表示能力，不用于虚拟语气；D 选项must 表示必须，不用于虚拟语气。
高三英语虚拟语气练习题40题含答案解析
高三英语虚拟语气练习题40题含答案解析1.If I were a bird, I ______ fly freely in the sky.A.canB.couldC.willD.would答案解析：D。
本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。
结构为“if+主语+were/动词过去式，主语+would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
A 选项can 表示能力，不符合虚拟语气结构；B 选项could 也可以用于虚拟语气，但在这个句子中would 更符合“会”的意思；C 选项will 不是虚拟语气的用法；D 选项would 符合虚拟语气结构。
2.If he ______ more time, he could finish the project on time.A.hasB.hadC.will haveD.would have答案解析：B。
对现在情况的虚拟语气结构。
A 选项has 是一般现在时，不符合；C 选项will have 是将来时，也不对；D 选项would have 通常用于对过去情况的虚拟；B 选项had 符合虚拟语气结构。
3.If I ______ a millionaire, I would donate a lot of money to charity.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be答案解析：C。
虚拟语气中be 动词一般用were。
A 选项am 是一般现在时；B 选项was 通常用于特定情况；C 选项were 符合虚拟语气结构；D 选项be 不能单独使用。
4.If she ______ harder, she would get better grades.A.studiedB.studiesC.will studyD.would study答案解析：A。
对现在情况虚拟，动词用过去式。
B 选项studies 是一般现在时；C 选项will study 是将来时；D 选项would study 一般用于虚拟条件句中；A 选项studied 符合虚拟语气结构。
【2020】高中英语虚拟语气练习题(附答案)及参考答案
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______, she would have met my brother.
27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being
A. doB. didn’t doC. don’tD. didn’’t hadD. hadn’……
----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
25. If only I ___my car
A. hadn’t lostB. wouldn’t loseC. didn’t loseD. haven’t lost
26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth
A. isB. wouldC. wereD. wouldn’t be
3．B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气.。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式.。
4．D． 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐.。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟.。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时.。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题13：虚拟语气
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析13虚拟语气虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设。
高考对虚拟语气的考查主要在于条件句、含蓄条件句、名词性从句和其他一些从句中。
考生应当熟悉使用虚拟语气的各种情况，并牢记不同情况下虚拟语气的动词形式。
考点一用于条件句虚拟条件句可表示与现在、过去或将来事实相反，从句和主句谓语动词根据不同的时间，用不同的形式。
时间条件从句结果主句现在动词过去式would/should/could/might + 动词原形过去had + 过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词将来should/were to + 动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形1. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. （2018北京）A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
2. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.（2017北京）A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
3. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped. （2016北京）A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B【解析】由last week可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。