章振邦《新编英语语法》Lecture1句子结构

章振邦语法英语句子汉译：限制性关系分句

章振邦语法英语句⼦汉译：限制性关系分句限制性关系分句关系分句就其与先⾏项的语义关系分为限制性关系分旬(restrictive r elative c lause)和⾮限制性关系分句(non-restrictive r elative clause)限制性关系分句和它的先⾏项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系，缺少了它，作为先⾏项的名词（词组）便不能明确表⽰其所指对象例如：He is the boy damaged the vase. 他就是那个孩⼦，损坏了花瓶。

⾮限制性关系分句和它的先⾏项之间只有⽐较松散的联系，它不是先⾏项的不可缺少的组成部分，⽽仅仅是对先⾏项提供⼀些补充说明因此，如果省略了⼀个⾮限制性关系分句，并不影响先⾏项的所指意义。

例如：My cousin,is an engineer,went to Europe last week. 我表弟是个⼯程师，他去欧洲是在上周。

1）限制性关系分句限制性关系分句在⼝语中前后没有停顿，在书写中通常不⽤逗号。

例如：The man did the robbery has been caught. 那个搞抢劫的被抓了。

The chair(which)I sat in was a br oken one. 椅⼦我坐的，已经坏了。

Can you show me the house ere Shakespeare once lived? 你能领我看看这座房⼦吗，莎⼠⽐亚以前住过呢？The reason why I was alone in the mountains is that I had a difficulty with my guide.我独⾃⼀⼈在⼭上,遇到的困难是向导。

限制性关系分句通常出现在下列搭配中：当名词中⼼词带有表⽰类别的不定冠词时，其后的关系分句通常为限制性关系分句例如：She was a woman who must be treated decently. 她是个⼥⼈，必须受到体⾯的对待！He spoke to me in a tone which I don't at all like. 他对我说话的语⽓我⼀点都不喜欢。

章振邦语法英语句子汉译：层次简单句并列句复杂句并列复杂句

章振邦语法英语句⼦汉译：层次简单句并列句复杂句并列复杂句简单句并列句复杂句并列复杂句的理解与翻译使⽤基于信息流翻译观的⽅法于⼿段就不会那么难，因为这是⼈际交流的基本规律：信息的获取与传递！完全句，按其结构形式，⼜可分为简单句（simple sentence) 、并列句(Compound Sentence) 、复杂句(complex sentence) 和并列复杂句 (compound-complex senlence) 。

这是形式层次的结构，不影响从信息结构层次思考信息传递的⽅法和⼿段。

简单句：包含⼀个主谓结构。

例如：[1] The students have made better grades in the past few weeks.这些学⽣已经取得了更好的成绩，就在这过去的⼏周。

[2] The boy can stay in the room only for a few minutes.这男孩可以待在房间的时间只有⼏分钟。

构成分句成分的词组本⾝带有从属分句，那么这个句⼦仍然是简单句。

[3] The students I teach have made better grades in the past few weeks.这些学⽣是我教的，已经取得了更好的成绩，就在这过去的⼏周。

某个句⼦成分直接由从属分句表⽰，那么这句⼦成为了复杂句。

[4] The students would have made better gra des if they had studied hard.这些学⽣本来可以取得更好的成绩，如果他们当时学得更认真些。

[5] The boy can stay in the room so long as he keeps quiet.这男孩可以待在房间⾥⾯，但他必须保持安静。

[6] What he said is not true.所有他说的都不是真的。

[7] I didn't understand what he meant.我不懂他的意思。

章振邦语法英语句子汉译：被动结构和被动意义

章振邦语法英语句⼦汉译：被动结构和被动意义被动结构和被动意义1)英汉被动意义表达法在被动意义表⽰法⽅⾯，英语和汉语有类似的情况。

"据估计”、”据报道”、“众所周知”、“必须指出”等。

It is said that the workers all regarded him with sympathy.据说⼯⼈们待他都很有同情⼼。

It is reported that the Federal Government refused to provide the funds.据报道联邦政府不肯提供资⾦。

It is known to all that these islands have always been under Chinese j urisdiction.(众所周知，这些岛屿向来归中国管辖。

It must be pointed out that China is a developing country and will always take sides with the Third Worl d.必须指出，中国是个发展中国家，将永远靠紧第三世界。

）Pan is said to be a smuggler.姓潘的据说是个⾛私者。

The losses caused by the flood are estimated to have exceeded$5,000,000,000.谈到损失，归咎于洪⽔的，估计已超过50亿美元。

汉语有⼀种不出现主语的句⼦，英语通常都可⽤被动结构来表达。

城⾥⼜办起了⼀所⼤学。

In the city is a nother newly extablished university.昨天抓到了⼀个特务。

Yesterday a spy was caught.c.f. Yesterday they caught a spy.汉语有⼀些以主动结构表⽰被动意义的句⼦，英语也有类似的情况。

章振邦新编英语语法教程

章振邦新编英语语法教程
《章振邦新编英语语法教程》是一本系统化的英语语法教材，由章振邦编写。

这本教材主要包括英语基本语法知识和使用规则，涉及名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等各个语法要点。

这本教程通过例句和解析的方式，让学生理解和掌握英语语法，提高语法应用能力。

这本教材通俗易懂，注重实际运用，适合初学者和中级学习者使用。

从语法规则到实际应用，读者可以系统地学习和运用英语语法知识，提高英语水平。

章振邦语法英语句子汉译：主从结构中的省略现象

章振邦语法英语句⼦汉译：主从结构中的省略现象主从结构中的省略现象较多出现在从属分句中。

主句中的省略现象常见于起⾸部分，⽽且只⽤于⾮正式语体。

1）主句中的省略主句的省略常见于主句的起⾸部分。

这种省略通常不依靠上下⽂，⽽是通过说话时的情境推断出被省略的词语，所以叫做“情境省略"(situational e llipsis)。

例如：(I'm)Sorry I've kept you waiting so long.(1)Hope you'll like it.(It is)Too bad Jane can't go with us this afternoon.(It is)No /Small wonder they all loved the boy dearly.有时，在回答问题时，为了避免重复，整个主句可以省去，或者在yes/no之后直接⽤从属分句作答。

例如：A:Are you determined to go?B:Unless my parents do not approve of it.A:Will you go now?B:Not until I have finished my work.A:You all like the story?B:Yes,except (that) the conclusion is too abrupt.A:Do you travel much?B:Not more than I can help by sea.2)状语分句中的省品现象状语分句如果出现在句尾，⼀般可作尾部省略。

例如：John will play the guitar if Mary will(play the guitar)．Mary is going to sweep the floor though /because Alice won't(sweep the floor).You must be a member of the club since your br other is(a member of the club).两个并列状语分句，如果从屈连词相同，可以省略后⼀分句的从属连词。

大学英语语法教程-第一讲-句子结构

1. All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPT (TEM4-2012-59) B A. Only one problem still remains – the food. B. She bought herself a pair of new shoes. C. My friends all understand and support me. D. She liked her current job, teaching English. 2. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? (TEM4-2013-61) B A. He is not the man to draw back. B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie. C. Larry has a large family to support. D. There is really nothing to fear.
3. 表语(predicative)(即主语补语)：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. （名词） Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词） His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall. (介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
8. 同位语（教材418页）

汇编英语语法教育教案教育教案章振邦(上)

教案新编英语语法教程章振邦2016——2017学年度第二学期本课程教学总体安排课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇课程性质与类型：限选课总学时28、学分：2教学目的与要求：1）开设此课，旨在让学生系统学习和掌握各类语法现象，并且学以致用，活学活用，力求避免在使用英语词汇的过程中出现语法错误。

2）帮助学生理解和掌握各类语法现象所使用的规则，以便他们在以后的专业四级考试和工作中恰当地运用英语语法。

3）扩大学生的商务英语词汇量。

教材及参考书目：《新编英语语法教程》章振邦《实用英语语法详解》薄冰《高级英语语法详解》全建强考核方式及成绩计算方法：笔试总成绩=平时成绩X30％ + 考试成绩X70％课程教学日历课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇授课学期：2016—2017学年第一学期第1讲教学安排的说明章节题目：句子结构学时分配：2本章教学目的与要求：谓结构和句子分析基本句型课堂教学方案课题名称、句子结构授课时数：2 授课类型：理论课教学方法与手段：讲授、讨论、指导教学目的的要求：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学重点、难点：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学内容及组织安排：1主谓结构和句子分析（1）主语和谓语分句按其逻辑意义，通常分为主语和谓语两大部分。

英语在其长期发展中形成一种相对固定的句子结构：“主语+谓语”的结构。

主语是句子的话题，是信息传递的出发点；谓语是对话题所作的说明，是说话人所要传递的信息。

试观察下列诸句：主语谓语China is a great socialist country．中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。

Marxism-Leninism is a universally applicable truth．马克思列宁主义是放之四海而皆准的真理。

The students have English lessons twice a week．学生们每星期上两堂英语课。

Hans doesn't seem to be taller than Peter．汉斯似乎并不比彼得高。

《新编英语语法教程》章振邦第六版学生用书练习答案)

《新编英语语法教程》答案新编英语语法教程第01讲练习参考答案Ex. 1A1. A. his home workB. quickly, to play2. A. The huge black horseB. the race3. A. have thought aboutB. going into space4. A. warms up and crawlsB. out of the bag5. A. one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescopeB. because of the many rings that surround it6. A. 165 yearsB. to complete its path, or orbit,around the sun7. A. you and your brotherB. How many pairs of shorts8. A. the most expensive meal listed on the menuB. What9. A. an “Outdoor Code”B. their members10. A. can blowB. as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour11. A. The spiral of heated air and moist airB. to twist and grow and spin12. A. The direction a hurricane’s spiral movesB. counterclockwise13. A. does not shineB. At the north pole: for half of the year14. A. The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic OceanB. a very cold place15. A. might have beenB. guilty of murderEx. 1B1. SVCWithin the stricken area, not a single soul remained alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller.2. SVThe bomb exploded 1,000 ft. above the groun.3. SVOOn August 6, 1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Janpanesetown of Hiroshima.4. SvoOThree days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow.5. SVOCThe explosion made one and a half square miles of the city an expense of reddish rubble.6. SVAWithin the fraction of a second, the bomb changed from a metal cylinder into an immense mass of enpanding gas, millions of degrees hot.7. SVOAA tremendous blast of hot air whirled the debris of stone, cencrete, metal, and wood over the ground.Ex. 1C1. Walden Pond, once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty, is now the site of many tourist stands.2. Almost every summer night the cooling northeast wind swept through our bedroom windows, marking air conditioning unnecessary and a light blanket welcome. / Swepping through our bedroom windows almost every summer night, the cooling northeast wind made…3. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow, which fed two streams plunging down to join in the valley below.4. With the river on one side and a large tree providing shade, this is a good spot for a picnic, and we can spread our blanket on the grassy knoll.5. Panting for breath after running up the stairs, Mr wood stood at his neighbour’s door and knocked again and again till someone opened it.6. The town folk envied horace, who had come into a small fortune with which he bought a big house and obtained a partnership in the biggest grocery in town.7. Standing in front of the mirror, Jim looked at his image, wondering at the big change that had come over him in recent years.8. The idea that his only daughter whom he had greatly wronged might never forgive him almost drove hime mad.9. The story, written in plain language, consists of three parts with an interesting plot centering round an aristocratic family living in 17th century France.10. Mud-covered and shivering, John sat hunched over a bowl of hot broth prepared by his father to drive off the chill.11. Far above the waters of a beautiful lake and over the tops of the tall pime trees growing on the steep of a hill stand five Chinese-style pavilions.12. Farther down the street, the old man stopped and leaned against a lamp-post, listening to a cheerful song coming out of a restaurant on theoppsite side of the street.13. Sarah sank in the nearest chair, completely exhausted, her limbs stiff with cold, her mind a piece of blank.14. Throughout the day Mrs Rymer behaved very properly, her pleasant, refined face wearing a grave look, her elegant figure wrapped in deep mourning while occasionally she uttered a sigh or a sob.15. Tony thought it necessary to break the news to his family, that Mr Jacob, his former employer, had promised him a half-day job at 20 poundsa week.16. The thought that he might have wronged his friend who had rendered him good services on many occasions troubled his mind, already overburdened with worries and cares.17. The men of the disbanded royal bodyguard, suddenly turned loose onto the street of a capital seething with unrest, unemployed and perhaps disgruntled at their abrupt dismissal, were a potentially dangerous element.18. For many years London has been a business centre with hotel accommadation for visiting businessmen toghter with well-to-do travellers but completely inadequate for the swarms of shour-stay tourists landing at Heathrow or disembarking at Dover.19. Nearing the top, he climbed recklessly faser and faster, his eyes already glowing with triumph, but suddenly he slipped and fell, tumbling to the ground and lying motionless there, a crumpled pile of arms and legs.20. Bertrand Russell was one of the very few persons who have received both the Order of Merit, which was conferred on him by the British government in 1949, and the Nobel Prize for literature, conferred in Norway in 1950.新编英语语法教程第02讲练习参考答案Ex. 2A1. come2. are3. has / have4. are5. are6. are7. was / were8. is9. costs 10. were 11. are 12. are 13. was 14. are 15. lie 16. were 17. are 18. is 19. is 20. was 21. Has 22. were 23. is 24. is 25. are 26. is 27. are 28. cover, are 29. is / are 30. was/wereEx. 2B1. were2. have3. is, is4. was5. were6. is7. is8. are9. is 10. are, are11. have 12. are, their, their 13. was, It, was 14, It / They, is / are 15. are, their, they, disapprove 16. were, they 17. was 18. are 19. were 20. were新编英语语法教程第03讲练习参考答案Ex. 3A1. is2. was3. is4. has5. were6. means7. is8. is9. is 10. is 11. were 12. sells 13. is 14. are 15. are 16.are 17. is 18. is 19. was 20.provides 21. are 22. was 23. stops 24. is 25. is 26. does 27. produces 28. is 29. is 30. wasEx. 3B1. ’s2. are3. is4. are5. is6. was7. is8. were9.is 10. ’s 11. is 12. is, is, is 13. are 14. is 15. have 16. is 17. are 18. looks 19. are 20. are 21. understand 22.has 23. was 24. have 25. was 26. was 27. are 28. is 29.is 30. was 31. is 32. is / are 33. leaves 34. is / are 35. are 36. are 37. is 38. comes 39. is 40. live 41. are 42. points/ point 43. are 44. is 45. are 46. was 47. is / are 48. is 49. has 50. wasEx. 3C1. is / are2. is / are3. is4. is / are5. is / are6. remain7. is8. are9. has / have 10.care / cares 11. is 12. plays 13. is 14. am 15. are / is 16. was 17. is, has 18. was 19. come 20. is新编英语语法教程第04讲练习参考答案Ex. 4A1. description2. arrangement3. attendance4. peculiarity5. expectation6. argument7. dependence 8. originality 9. exaggeration 10. measurement 11. purity 12. persistence 13. extension 14. statement 15. generosity 16. entrance 17. loneliness18. forgetfulness 19. happiness 20. seriousnessEx. 4B1. strange sounds2. foods are3. chief, tribes, their, salmon (s)4. The runners-up were given pound notes / The runners-up were each given a pound note.5. bodies, their heroes6. mice, tooth-marks7. Crises, occur, families8. / 9. / 10. these businesses 11. / 12. fruitsare13. / 14. these articles are well written 15. / 16. several personal kindnesses17. / 18. sufferings 19. professors 20. children are playing, sandsEx. 4C1. experience2. waters3. for advice4. an important piece of information5. for it is fun6. were not numerous7. Poultry8. directors are9. militia 10. geniuses 11. merchandise has 12. sympathies 13. experiences 14. were times, rivalry 15. clippings, were16. lookers-on 17. foliage is 18. photos 19. 12-pages 20. Luggage isEx. 4D1. blade2. piece3. choir4. flash5. lump6. gang7. grain8. head9. staff 10. collection 11. fleet 12. cluster 13. bundle 14. bunch 15. team 16. piece 17. ear 18. bar 19. herd 20. pack 21. flock 22. crowd / swarm 23. troupe 24. bench 25. grove 26. collection 27. suite 28. squadron 29. band 30. libraryEx. 4E1-5 BCADC 6-10 CBDAB 11-15 ADBBC 16-20 BDCAB新编英语语法教程第05讲练习参考答案Ex. 5A1. my father has a car2. the bull has horns3. the prisoner escaped4. her parents consented5. somebody released the prisoner6. somebody assassinated the President7. a letter from the general / the general sent a letter8. the crowd felt sympathy9. a college for women10. a summer day, a day in the summer11. the earth has a (rough) surface12. the absence lasted ten days13. a doctoral degree, a doctorate14. the bird made the nest15. the committee made a report16. a story told by the girl / the girl told a story17. the volcano erupted18. the victim had courage / the victim was courageous19. somebody punished the boy20. the critics recevied the play in a hostile mannerEx. 5B1. The comedian performed, and he was well received by a huge audience.这位喜剧演员的演出很受广大观众的欢迎。

章振邦《新编英语语法》Lecture-21教学课件

d) After agree, decide, there is a choice between the infinitive and “preposition + -ing”. Compare:
• They agreed to share the remuneration. • They agreed on sharing the remuneration.
write to his parents.
b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。 Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to
solve the problem.
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。 We were about to leave when it began to rain.
• They stopped watching TV at 9:30. = At 9:30 they did not watch TV any more.
• They stopped to watch TV at 9:30. = They paused at 9:30 in order to watch TV.
You must remember to tell him all that. = You must tell him all that. Don’t forget it.
b) After stop, leave off, go on, the –ing participle functions as object, while the infinitive as adverbial of purpose. Compare: