中考专题--形容词和副词(含答案)

形容词和副词

01 命题趋势

在历年各地中考中，形容词和副词是必考的知识点，分值通常在3～5分之间。从命题形式来看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等；其中对形容词和副词的句法功能、比较等级的用法及易混形容词和副词的辨析的考查又是重中之重。预计中考热点仍将集中在形容词和副词的词义辨析和比较等级的用法上。

02 定义

形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。英语中的形容词和副词都有等级的变化。

03 知识归类

形容词的位置

形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：

little(小的),only(唯一的),wooden(木质的),elder(年长的),woolen(羊毛质的)等及复合形容词man-made(人造的),kind-hearted(好心的),English-speaking(说英语的),take-away(可以带走的)等。

2.有些形容词只能作表语。如：

alone(孤独的),asleep(睡着的),awake(醒着的),alive(活着的),well(健康的),ill(病的),frightened(害怕的)等。

3.有些形容词貌似副词。如：

friendly(友好的),lively(生动的),lonely(孤独的)等。

4.有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。如：

We should respect the old and love the young.我们应该尊老爱幼。

It’s not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf.取笑盲人或聋人是不礼貌的。

5.enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。如：

We have enough time(=time enough)to finish the work.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

He ran fast enough to catch the bus.他跑得很快，足够赶上公共汽车了。

This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 people.这个大厅够大的，可以容纳1000人。

6.多个形容词作定语时，通常按“性质→大小(长短、高低、形状等)→年龄/新旧→颜色→国籍(地区、出处等)→材料”的顺序排列。如：

a beautiful tall building一座漂亮而高大的建筑物

a large yellow Chinese coat一件黄色的中国式大衣

【题组训练】

形容词的作用及位置

( )1. Keep all the windows _______，it’s too hot in the room.

A.opened

B.open

C.closed

( )2.—I’ll not be Jack’s friend any more.

—Don’t be angry.He’s just so ______，but in fact he’s good to us，you know.

A.helpful

B.direct

C.polite

D.brave

( )3. How _____ Cindy grows !she’s almost as tall as her mother now.

A.cute

B.strong

C.fast

D.straight

( )4. After the earthquake，we heard of lots of ______ stories，and all of us were deeply .

A.moving;moved

B.moving;moving

C.moved;moving

D.moved;moved

( )5. Overseas experience may help make our life______ .So why not try to study abroad?

ual

eful

C.successful

D.traditional

副词的分类

地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。如：

The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab now.同

学们现在正在实验室里认真地做实验。

Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.很多人每天早晨在广场上高兴地进行锻炼。

【题组训练】

副词的作用及位置

( )6. David doesn’t like rice noodles，his son doesn’t，________.

A.also

B.too

C.either

D.not

( )7.—How is Lucy’s English?

—She always does very well in her English exams. But she can_______ understand English radio programs.

A.always

B.already

C.easily

D.hardly

( )8. Sandy likes travelling. She_______ stays at home during holidays.

A.seldom

ually

C.always

D.often

( )9.—Alex，did you find our old school last week?

—Yes，but with much difficulty，for it has ________changed over these years.

pletely

B.never

C.hardly

D.partly

( )10. Teenagers should be encouraged to go______ and be close to nature.

A.inside

B.back

C.outside

D.off

规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

“我的英语不如你的好”应译成“My English is not as(so)good as yours.”，而不能译成“My English is not as good as you.”。因为此句中比较的对象是English，而不是you，所以要把you改成yours(=your English)。

2.使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自身的比较。如：

“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力”应译成“She studies harder than any other student in her class.”，而不能译成“She studies harder than any student in her class.”。any student in her class包括she，使用了other才能将其排除。

【题组训练】

( )11.—Have you watched A Bite of China recently?

—Of course.I do believe Chinese food is ____ in the world.

A.the most delicious

B.more delicious

C.delicious

( )12. With the development of modern science，it’s______

for us to get information from all over the world.

A.slower

B.busier

C.harder

D.easier

( )13. The box was _____ than I had expected.I was out of breath when I got home.

A.more heavier

B.much heavier

C.little heavier

D.very heavier

( )14.—Do you like eating fish，Wang Han?

—Of course.Nothing can be_______ ，I think.

A.delicious

B.beautiful

C.more delicious

D.more beautiful

( )15.—He is the only one who failed in the math exam. —Really?You mean he studies________.

A.the most careful

B.the least careful

C.the most carefully

D.the least carefully

不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

【题组训练】

( )16.—Rosa，can I wear jeans and T-shirt to the evening party? —OK.But a dress might be______ .

A.good

B.worse

C.bad

D.better

( )17.—Oh，it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.

—Well，I think Kate danced_______ than Lily.

A.well

B.better

C.best

( )18.—What do you think of her teaching English?

—Great! No one teaches_______ in our school.

A.good

B.worse

C.better

D.Best

( )19. If you want to be thinner and healthier，you should eat _____ food and take ______ exercise.

A.more;fewer

B.more;less