出铁沟
炉前操作规程试题(3篇)
一、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1. 炉前操作的主要目的是什么？A. 保证炉内温度稳定B. 确保炉前设备安全运行C. 保障炉前操作人员的安全D. 以上都是2. 铁口深度一般在什么范围内？A. 1600～1700mmB. 1600～1800mmC. 1700～1800mmD. 1800～1900mm3. 炉前操作的工艺技术要求中，铁口角度开炉时一般为多少度？A. 60～80度B. 80～100度C. 100～130度D. 130～150度4. 炉前操作中，铁口泥套深度一般在多少范围内？A. 30～40mmB. 40～50mmC. 50～60mmD. 60～70mm5. 炉前操作中，打泥量正常情况下不得超过多少kg？B. 150kgC. 200kgD. 250kg6. 炉前操作中，铁口孔道直径一般在多少范围内？A. 40～50mmB. 50～60mmC. 60～70mmD. 70～80mm7. 炉前操作中，准点出铁的次数和时间一般由谁决定？A. 炉前操作人员B. 炉长和工长C. 厂长D. 以上都是8. 炉前操作中，铁水罐不得放满，应留出多少mm左右的空间？A. 100mmB. 200mmC. 300mmD. 400mm9. 炉前操作中，更换或修补出铁沟、撇渣器后，必须烤干才能出铁，烤干时间一般为多少？A. 20分钟B. 30分钟C. 40分钟10. 炉前操作中，更换或修补出铁沟、撇渣器时，严禁打水，除非什么情况下？A. 更换或修补出铁沟、撇渣器B. 清除下渣沟内的残余渣铁C. 清除撇渣器进出口的凝盖D. 以上都是二、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1. 炉前操作人员应具备一定的专业知识，以确保炉前设备安全运行。
（）2. 铁口深度越深，铁口角度越小，有利于铁水的流出。
（）3. 炉前操作中，打泥量越多，铁口泥套越厚，越有利于铁水的流出。
（）4. 炉前操作中，铁口孔道直径越大，有利于铁水的流出。
（）5. 炉前操作中，准点出铁的次数和时间由炉前操作人员自行决定。
浇注料在莱钢1080m 3高炉铁沟上的应用
关键词 ：浇注 主沟 寿命
Ｔｈｅ Ａｐ ｉ ａ ｉｎ ｆＰｏｕ ｉ ｇ Ｍ ａ ｅ ｉ ｌ ｎ Ｌａ ｇ ｎｇ￣１ ０－ ｐｌ ｔｏ ｏ ｃ ｒｎ ｔ ｒａ ｓ ｏ ｉ ａ ０８ ｍ Ｂｌ ｓ ａ ｔＦｕｒ ｃ Ｉ ｏ ｎｎ ｒ ｎａ ｅ ｒ ｎ Ｒｕ ｅ ＬｉＰｅｙ ｎ Ｚｈ ｎ ｎ Ｃｈ ｎ Ｙａ ｈ ｉａ ａ ｇ Ｍｉ ｇ ｅ ｎ ｕｉ
（ ｈ ｒｎ ｏ ｓ Ｔ ｅＩ ｗ ） ｏ ｋ Ａｂｓｒ ｃ ：Ｔｈ ｗｏ ０ ０一 ｔａ ｔ ｅ ｔ １ ８ ｍ ｂｌｓ ｕ ｎ ｃ ｓ ｉ ｈｅ Ｉｏ ｗｏ ｋ ｕ ｃ ｓ ｉｅｙ ａ ｔｆ ｒ ａ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｒ ｎ ｒ ｓ ｓ ｃ ｅ ｓｖ ｌ ｗｅ ｔｉ ｔ ｐ ｒ ｔｏ ｔｔ ｅ ｎ ｆ ｎ ｎ ｏ ｏ ｅ ａｉ ｎ ａ ｈ ｅ ｄ ｏ ２０ ０ ５，ｔ ｒｎｔｉ ｅ ｍａｎ ｒ ｎ ｒ ｂ ｉ ｇ ｏ ｅ — ｏ ｆｎ ｈｅ ｆｏ ｓｄ ｉ ｕｎ ｅ ｅｎ ｆｓ ｍｉｐ ｕ ｇ，ｓ ｍｉｒ ｍｍｉｇ ｍｉ ｅ —ａ ｎ ｘ．Ｗ ｉ ｈ ｔａ ｙ ｕ ｇ ａ ｉ ｇ ｏ ｈ ｌｓ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｓｅ ｄ ｐ ｒ ｄ ｎ ｆｔｅ ｂ ａ ｔ ｈ ｆ ｒ ａ ｅ ｖ ｒ ｃ —ｅ ｈ ｉｄｅ ｕ ｎ ｃ ｓ ｅ ｅ ｙ ｅ ｏｔ ｃ ｎ ｘ，ｉｏ ａ ｐ ｎ ｎ ｒ ａ ｅ，ｔ ｅ ｉｏ ｎ ｅ ｓｗｅ ｅ ｅ ｏ ｅ ｅ ｅ ｅ ｙ，ｅ ｐ ｃ ａｌ ｕ ｉｇ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｎｔｐ ｉｇｉｃｅ ｓ ｈ ｒ ｎ ｒ ｎ ｒ ｒ ｒ ｄ ｄ ｓ ｖ ｒ ｌ ｕ ｓ ｅ ｉ ｌ ｄ ｒｎ ｈ ｙ
混合主 沟 。随着 高炉各 项技 术 经济指标 稳 步提 升 ，出铁 量增 加 ，出铁 沟侵蚀 较 为严 重 ，尤其 是 出铁 时无 法
实现集中除尘，除尘效果较差，不能满足公 司节能减排循环经济的相关要求，利用 ２１８ ００ｍ 高炉年修 时
高炉词汇——精选推荐
5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace炉料charge, burden矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging 无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast, oxygen enrichment置换比replacement ratio喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio, coke rate燃料比fuel ratio, fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone风口循环区raceway蒸汽鼓风humidified blast 混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop infurnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,ore to cokeratio软熔带cohesive zone,softeningzone渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burdenconditioning下部[鼓风]调节blastconditioning高炉作业率operation rate ofblast furnace休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnacecampaign悬料hanging崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile,furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft,stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working volume铁口iron notch, slag notch渣口cinder notch, slag notch风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,onblast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outsidecombustion stove顶燃式热风炉top combustionstove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex process HYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process科雷克斯法COREX process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron镜铁spiegel iron清铁法H-rion process5.7 炼钢钢steel炼钢steelmaking钢水liquid steel,molten steel钢semisteel沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semikilled steel压盖沸腾钢capped steel坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process 连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process 混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine装料期charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation预脱氧preliminary dexidation还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization增碳recarburization脱磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脱硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脱氮deni t rogenation过氧化overoxidation出钢tapping冶炼时间duration of heat出钢样tapping sample浇铸样casting sample不合格炉次off heat熔炼损耗melting loss铁损iron loss废钢scrap废钢打包baling of scrap造渣材料slag making materials添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter底吹转炉bottom-blownconverter酸性空气底吹转炉airbottom-blown acid converter碱性空气底吹转炉airbottom-blown basic converter侧吹转炉side-blown converter卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking氧气顶吹转炉top-blownoxygen converter,LI converter氧气底吹转炉bottom-blownoxygen converter quiet basicoxygenfurnace,QBOF顶底复吹转炉top and bottomcombined blown converter喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmakingprocess,KMS住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo topand bottom blowingprocess,STBLBE复吹法lance bubblingequilibrium process,LBE顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lancecarbon injection process,ALCI蒂森复合吹炼法ThyssenBlassen Metallurgicalprocess,TBM面吹surface blow软吹soft blow硬吹hard blow补吹reblow过吹overblow后吹after blow目标碳aim carbon终点碳end point carbon高拉碳操作catch carbon practice增碳操作recarburization practice单渣操作single-slag operation双渣操作double-slag operation渣乳化slag emulsion二次燃烧postcombustion吹氧时间oxygen blow duration吹炼终点blow end point倒炉turning down喷渣slopping喷溅spitting静态控制static control动态控制dynamic control氧枪oxygen lance氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance转炉炉体converter body炉帽upper cone炉口mouth,lip ring装料大面impact pad活动炉底removable bottom顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance副枪sublance多孔砖nozzle brick单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere挡渣器slag stopper挡渣塞floating plug电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS平炉open-hearth furnace平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking冷装法cold charge practice热装法hot charge practice碳沸腾carbon boil石灰沸腾lime boil炉底沸腾bottom boil再沸腾reboil 有效炉底面积effective heartharea酸性平炉acid open-hearthfurnace碱性平炉basic open-hearthfurnace固定式平炉stationaryopen-hearth furnace倾动式平炉tilting open-hearthfurnace双床平炉twin-hearth furnace顶吹氧气平炉open-hearthfurnace with roof oxygen lance蓄热室regenerator沉渣室slag pocket电炉炼钢electric steelmaking电弧炉electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ul t ra-highpower electric arc furnace直流电弧炉direct currentelectric arc furnace双电极直流电弧炉doubleelectrode direct current arcfurnace竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace电阻炉electric resistancefurnace工频感应炉line frequencyinduction furnace中频感应炉medium frequencyinduction furnace高频感应炉high frequencyinduction furnace电渣重熔electroslagremelting,ESR电渣熔铸electroslagcasting,ESC电渣浇注Bohler electroslagtapping,BEST真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arcremelting,VAR真空感应炉熔炼vacuuminduction melting,VIM电子束炉重熔electron beamremelting,EBR等离子炉重炼plasma-arcremelting,PAR水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arcmelting等离子感应炉熔炼plasmainduction melting,PIM等离子连续铸锭plasmaprogressive casting,PPC等离子凝壳铸造plasma skullcasting,PSC能量优化炼钢炉energyoptimizing furnace,EOF氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner氧煤助熔accelerated meltingby coal-oxygen burner氧化期oxidation period还原期reduction period长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制longarc foaming slag operation白渣whi t e slag电石渣carbide slag煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection炉壁热点hot spots on thefurnace wall偏弧arc bias透气塞porous plug出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time虹吸出钢siphon tapping偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottomtapping,EBT中心炉底出钢centric bottomtapping,CBT侧面炉底出钢side bottomtapping,SBT滑动水口出钢slide fate tappingAbove data cover the civilquantity of following sections:以上土建数量数据包含以下部分trestle脚手架power distribution room 配电室intermediate bench （工作台）中间台end bench端台quenching car tracks熄焦车轨道boiler house锅炉房substation 变电站laboratory实验室effluent treatment 污水处理The total estimated RCC works based on above基于以上的RCC总预计量incoming coal conveyor进煤输送机The total estimated structural steel quantity along with coke and coal route shall be 连同焦碳和煤的通道，预计总结构钢量为The technological structures 工艺结构Estimated Piping Quantity预计管道量Cast iron tube 铸铁管炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging 无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing 休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment置换比replacement ratio喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio, coke rate燃料比fuel ratio, fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone蒸汽鼓风humidified blast混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop infurnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone渣比slag to iron ratio, slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burdenconditioning下部[鼓风]调节blastconditioning高炉作业率operation rate ofblast furnace休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnacecampaign悬料hanging崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile, furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft, stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working volume铁口iron notch, slag notch渣口cinder notch, slag notch风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,onblast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove 顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas, blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收top gas recovery, TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron, DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron钢steel炼钢steelmaking直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process 混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation 预脱氧preliminary dexidation 还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance 钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter。
耐火材料产品按用途分类系列
耐火材料按用途分类产品系列一、炼铁用耐材系列二、炼钢用耐材系列三、工业炉用耐材系列四、烟囱、烟道、内衬材料五、水泥窑用耐材系列六、有色冶金耐材系列七、石化系统耐材系列八、电力系统耐材系列九、常规产品系列一、炼铁用耐材系列1、产品名称：SPZ系列纤维绝热浇注料所属分类：炼铁用耐材系列【用途】各种高温气体管道内衬喷涂、浇注、涂抹；高温炉窑及设备保温隔热层：如加热炉、均热炉、热处理炉、退火炉，陶瓷、耐火制品烧成窑、蒸汽锅炉、石油工业管式加热炉、轻柴油、乙烷裂解炉、石油催化裂化装置、水泥窑炉、有色冶金炉窑复合保温结构的保温隔热层；钢包、连铸中间包保温衬；【特性】导热系数低——容重轻，导热系数极低，保温性能好；施工方便——可浇注、可涂抹、可喷涂，施工方便；【用法】按比例加水搅拌成砂浆，振捣浇注、机械喷涂、手工涂抹成型。
2、产品名称：高炉内衬维修RDGN、RDGA喷补料【用途】RDGN喷补料——用于高炉炉身上，中部热态喷涂维修RDGA喷补料——用于高炉炉身下部热态喷涂维修RM1X可塑料——用于高炉出铁口的维修【特性】喷补料强度高，有良好的抗CO和碱金属侵蚀性能；附着性好，回弹率小；可塑料中温强度高、抗剥落性好；粘结力强；【用法】高炉内衬热态或冷态喷补维修，可塑料涂抹、捣打。
3、产品名称：高炉造衬压入泥浆系列【用途】适用于炼铁高炉、热风炉、热力管道等大型冶炼设备的内衬灌浆造衬高铝质压入料RY―65——高炉冷却壁耐火衬剥落后的造衬维修碳化硅－碳质压入料RDT-55——用于高炉风口与冷却板部位的压入维护碳质压入料RYT-1、RYT-2——用于高炉炉缸、铁口等部位的压入维修硬质压入料RAP——用于高炉炉身、炉腰、炉腹等部位的压入造衬维修【特性】良好的施工流动性；良好的粘结性、扩展性；低温早强，从低温到高温强度高；施工体组织密实；具有一定的保存期；【用法】双组分按规定比例充分搅拌均匀后，通过压入机压入灌浆孔，受温度作用迅速硬化造衬。
【珍藏】高炉炉身、炉缸、炉底等部位用耐火材料的选择
【珍藏】高炉炉身、炉缸、炉底等部位用耐火材料的选择随着工业化的进程，现代大、中型高炉一般要求1代炉龄达到10年（甚至15年）。
因此，对耐火材料的品种和质量都提出了非常严格的要求。
由于在高炉内部各个区域的反应条件、承受的热冲击、工作状态、温度波动、侵蚀机理等不尽相同。
要求使用的耐火材料也不同，其材质应作相应的变化。
今天为大家介绍高炉各个部位（炉喉、炉身、炉腰、炉腹、炉缸炉底、出铁口、出铁沟）所使用到的耐火砖类型以及选择的依据。
下图为高炉炉衬的侵蚀线和损毁原因。
从图中可以看出，侵蚀最为严重的部位是炉腹、炉腰及炉身下部的衬里，这些部位的过早损坏将导致高炉中修或者大修。
所以，耐火材料的品种、质量好与坏直接关系到一代高炉寿命，直接影响了高炉的产量及经济效益。
高炉炉衬的侵蚀线和损毁原因目前，高炉用耐火材料的品种很多，炉身中上部一般采用性能优异的粘土砖或高铝砖，炉身下部、炉腰及炉腹则多用碳质制品、碳化硅砖、莫来石砖、刚玉砖等特种耐火材料（特别是最近发展起来的碳化硅砖在高炉上的应用获得了成功）。
同时，其他不定形耐火材料也得到了广泛的应用。
炉喉用耐火材料炉喉主要起保护炉衬、合理布料的作用。
这一区域主要受炉料直接冲击和摩擦作用，但煤气流的冲刷相对较轻。
因此，炉喉一般多用性能优异的粘土砖或高密度的高铝砖砌筑，但该砖使用寿命短，因而还采用耐磨耐撞击的铸钢保护板，即所说的炉喉钢砖。
炉喉部位也有采用粘土砖或耐火浇注料作内衬的，也有采用碳化硅砖的。
另外，在高炉炉喉及保护板以下部位、直吹管和煤气升降管等部位，均可采用喷涂法进行修补。
在新建高炉时，上述部位也可以采用喷涂法进行筑衬，施工效率高，质量好。
炉身用耐火材料在炉身上部和中部，由于温度较低（400-800℃），无炉渣形成和渣蚀。
主要承受炉料冲击、煤气冲刷磨损、碱金属侵蚀及碳的沉积作用。
所以该部位主要采用低气孔率的优质粘土砖及高铝砖。
特别是在耐火材料品种增加和质量提高的情况下，高炉炉衬寿命都大为延长。
专业词汇-炼铁
A矮胖炉 short blast furnace 安全衬里 safety lining 安全梁 outrigger 氨釜 ammonia still 氨工段 ammonia plant 氨离解器 ammonia dissector 氨水焦油分离器 decanter氨洗涤塔 ammonia scrubber凹突槽结构 tongue and groove construction 奥氏体生铁 austenitic pig iron 蒽油流量计 Coriolis mass flowmeterB 八圆盘式过滤机 eight-disc filter扒平 setting off扒渣耙 slag rake坝 dam白口生铁 white pig iron白口铸铁 white cast iron白云石 dolomite`柏油 road tar摆臂式取样器 swing-arm sampler摆动流槽式布料器 swinging-spout feed system,swinging spout, oscillatingchute摆动流嘴 tilting trough摆动式皮带机 oscillating conveyer摆动铁水沟(嘴) tilting iron runner摆动铁水沟马达 tilting runner motor摆动铁水沟烟罩风挡 tilting runner hood damper板阀 (瓣阀) flapper valve板式冷却 stave cooling板式冷却器 stave cooler板状振打棒 plate shaped rapping bar半固态 semi-solid state半连续性球团固结设备 apparatus forsemi-continuous hardening of pellets半溶质 semi-fusinite半丝质体 semi-fusinite半塑态 semi-plastic state半塑性状态 semi-plastic state半自动称量机 semi-automatic weighing machine棒材筛 grizzly bar棒磨机 rod mill棒条式振动筛 rod deck vibrating screen包套(粉) container孢子体 sporinite饱合器 saturator保温段 after-furnace zone, preheat hood 保温炉 (团) after-heating furnace 贝茵体铸铁 acicular iron备煤厂 coal preparation plant 备用泵 stand-by pump焙烧(固结)球团 hardened pellet 焙烧工段 indurating area焙烧机 hardening machine indurating machine焙烧炉 roasting furnace 焙烧炉炉气 roaster gas 焙烧球团 baked pellet焙烧球团 heat-hardened pellet焙烧球团抗压强度 fired pelletcompression strength 焙烧熔炼 roasting smelting 焙烧设备 heat-hardening equipment 焙烧室 roasting chamber 焙烧竖炉 roasting shaft furnace 焙烧温度区间 span of induration temperature 本厂返回料 home returns 苯 benzole, C 6H 6 苯回收工段 benzole plant 苯甲酸 benzoic acid 苯精炼车间 benzole refining plant 苯洗涤塔 benzene (benzol) scrubber 苯蒸馏装置 benzole distillation plant 崩料 charge downslide, slipping, slip, settling of charge 崩裂试验 spalling test 比表面积 specific surface area 比粘度 specific viscosity 吡啶 pyridine 吡啶车间 pyridine workshop 闭路 closed water circuit 闭路电视系统closed circuit television system 闭路供水系统 closed water supply system 闭路球磨机 closed-circuit ball mill 闭路软水冷却系统closed circuit softened water cooling system 闭路循环 closed circuit circulation 蓖条 grid bar 蓖条筛 grizzly bar type screen 蓖条寿命 bar life 篦条自动更换器 automatic grate changer 边帮密封 side sealing 边角料 rim charge 边脚料 rim charge 边料 rim charge边铺料 side-layer material编织机带 braided belt变速齿轮 speed change gear变速手调液压马达variable speed hand regulated hydraulic motor变速箱 speed change box变速圆盘给料机 variable speed tablefeeder表层 top layer, upper layer表观粒度 apparent particle size表面光滑度 degree of surface smoothing, surface smoothness表面活性剂 surface active agent表面裂纹superficial crack, surface crack表面强力 superficial tensile force波纹膨胀箱 expansion bellow玻璃丝滤袋 glass-cloth bag玻璃增强聚脂叶片 glass reinforced polyesterblade玻璃质 vitrinite, vitreous matte剥离量 stripping quantity铂-铂铑热电偶 Pt/Pt Rh thermometer薄(球团)料层 low pellet layer薄壁炉衬 thin skinned lining补炉材料 fettling material补炉料 mending material补油泵 oil make-up pump捕焦油器 tar extractor不合格 off-grade, off-specification,off-size 不合格海绵金属 off-grade sponge不合格料 offsize material不合格品 sub-quality product不合格球团 off-specification pellet不合格生球 sub-quality ball不合格铁 off-grade iron不合格物料 undersize material不结焦的煤 yolk coal不均匀粒度原料 multi-granular charge不完全真空 partial vacuum布袋除尘器 bag filter布矿器ore distributor布料 (团) depositing on grate布料端feed-end布料流槽distribution chute,spill chute布料器 distributor, stock distributing,charging machine布料收尘器 bag filter部分真空 partial vacuum材料库 material stock-houseC裁方square cut采矿 mining采矿机mining machine采矿设备mining equipment采选联合联合企业 mining beneficiation complex 采样头sampler残铁铁水沟 punch-out runner仓顶袋式收尘器 bin top bag filter仓顶式吸尘器 bin top dust collect仓顶引风机 bin top suction fan仓式泵 jet pump操纵阀 control valve操作安全 operation safety操作台control pulpits槽式输送机 trough conveyer槽下筛blast furnace screen槽下筛分整粒 screening and sizing under bin 侧边大砖side block侧面铺料 side-layer material侧烧式热风炉(二道式热风炉) side combustion stove侧卸矿车 side-discharge car测量和调节系统measuring and regulating system测量装置 metering device测温器 temperature probe层裂(粉)compacting crack层上风流 overbed air flow层上燃烧带 overbed combustion zone层下烟气流 underbed gas flow叉车式换风口机 fork-lift叉式车 forklift叉形件 yoke lever插入式冷却板 water-cooled segment差压计 differential-pressure gauge柴油机 diesel engine产出率 yield factor产生粉尘的设备 dust-generating unit铲除 chipping out长大机理 growth mechanism长风口tuyere with elongated outlet port长期封炉 dead banking长寿风口 long life tuyere长焰烟煤 long flame bituminous coal常温常压 ntp (normal temp & pressure)常温强度 strength at room temp.厂内返矿 in-plant returns fines厂内废料in-plant revert material, revert,return chat厂内含铁废料in-plant ferruginous waste厂内含铁粉尘 in-plant ferrous fines(dust)敞开式铁水罐open-top ladle, open type ladle超产 over-capacity超产能力 over-capacity超大型浓缩机 super thickener超高真空 ultrahigh vacuum超碱度烧结super-fluxed sinter超精矿 super concentrate超流动性 super-fluidity超细粉 super-fines超细粉末 superfine powder超细颗粒 superfine fraction超载 overcharge沉积型赤铁矿床 sedimentary hematite deposit沉箱式浓缩机 cassion-type thickener沉箱式尾矿浓缩机cassion-type tailings thickener沉渣池 slag settling basin称量给料机 weighing feeder, weigh feeder称量控制器 weighing controller称量料斗负荷调试系统 test load system of weigh hopper称量漏斗 measuring hopper, weighing hopper称量设备 weighing equipment称量校验设备 check weight equipment成核率 seed formation rate成核速度 seed formation rate成品粒度 final product size成品上限粒度 product top size成球 balling up成球速度 rate of ball formation成型(粉) compacting澄淀池 settling tank澄清槽 separator tank澄清池 clarifier澄清水管道 clarified water pipeline秤重式给料装置 weighing-type feeder齿辊破碎机 pronged roll breaker, spike-roll crusher齿轮箱油箱油位 gear box oil reservoir level齿轮轴chunk-breaker shaft, disintegrator shaft齿圈 (正齿轮 )spur gear赤铁矿 bloodstone, hematite, hematite ore冲(撞)击板式流量计 impact-plate flowmeter冲（撞）击式除焦油器 impingement tar extractor 冲（撞）击式破碎机 impact crusher 冲（撞）击式压力机 impact press冲（撞）击式振动筛 impact screen冲天炉copula冲洗筛 rinsing screen, spraying screen冲渣泵房 granulation water pump house冲渣沟 slag slurry runner重叠定位精度reproducible positioning accuracy重溶剂石脑油 heavy-solvent naphtha重整炉 reformer重整天然气 reformed natural gas抽风suction, grate suction, downward direction抽风焙烧段 downdraught firing zone抽风除尘设施exhaust dedusting facilities抽风带式焙烧机 downdraft grate machine抽风点 extraction point抽风点火 downdraught ignition抽风点火段 downdraught ignition zone抽风段 downdraft zone, downdraught zone抽风干燥段 downdraught drying section抽风干燥段风箱 downdraught drying wind-box 抽风干燥段排烟机 downdraft drying exhaust fan 抽风环式冷却机 down-draft circular cooler抽风机 draft fan, exhaust blower抽风均热段 downdraught after-firing zone抽风口 air extracting port抽风量extraction volume抽风流 descending air flow抽风式链蓖机 downdraught grate抽风室 wind chamber抽风体积 extraction volume抽风箱 wind chamber抽风烟囱 draught stack抽风预干燥段downdraught predrying section抽风预热段 downdraught preheat stage, down draught preheating section抽风预热段风箱 downdraught preheat wind-box 抽风总管wind main抽气机 exhaust blower抽烟点 extraction point出格off-grade,off-size specification出格生铁 subquality pig iron出焦侧粉尘控制系统coke side emission control system出口粉尘负荷 outlet dust loading出口粉尘接触 outlet dust contact出口含尘浓度 outlet dust concentration出口延长的风口 tuyere with elongated outletport出料口 outlet trough出坯装置 (粉) ejection mechanism出铁比 productivity coefficient出铁槽 iron spout出铁场 cast house, pig bed, runner system出铁场补炉材料 casthouse material出铁场除尘 cast house dust extraction出铁场地面 cast house floor出铁场吊车 casting crane出铁场粉尘抽取风机cast house dust extractor damper出铁场粉尘控制室cast house dust control house出铁场工作厂房 cast house service building出铁场机修间 cast house service building出铁场流槽设备 chuting equipment at casting house出铁场流槽系统 cast house runner system出铁场平台 casting platform出铁场铺设材料及柱子保护砖 cast house paving and column protection出铁沟集尘器 runner filter出铁口 hot metal tap hole, iron notch, iron tap, hot metal tapping出铁口和出渣口 iron and slag notch出铁口和事故出铁口 iron and emergence iron notch出铁口开口机 taphole drill出铁口开口装置 taphole drilling machine出铁口流槽 taphole trough出铁口泥炮taphole gun，taphole stopping machine出铁口泥套(冷却水套) breast, tapping breast 出铁口泥套修理小刀 taphole slaker出铁口喷火 blowing on taphole出铁口钎 tapping bar, tap out bar出铁口装置 taphole fittings, tap fittings出渣口 slag tap-hole, slag tap, taphole for slag出渣口喷火 blowing on the monkey初步冷却塔 primary cooler初次冷却剂 primary coolant初次冷却器 primary cooler初冷器primary cooler初磨机 primary mill初选厂preconcentrator除尘器 dust catcher, dustcatcher除尘器出口阀门 dustcatcher outlet valve 除尘装置 dedusting plant除泥器 sludge remover除噪声设备除渣器 slag trap触变性thixotropic character传动控制室 drive house串罐式无料钟炉顶装料设备serial bucket bell-less top charging equipment吹风冷却 forced air cooling吹风期blowing period吹管管头 blowpipe nose吹管头 top of lance吹扫阀 purge valve吹洗装置 purger垂直布置的两罐喷煤设备vertically placed two-tank injection plant垂直探测器 vertical probe锤式破碎机hammer breaker, hammer crusher纯苯 pure benzene纯度purity, cleanness纯净purity, cleanness磁铁 magnetic iron磁铁矿 magnetite, magnetite ore磁铁矿结圈 magnetite ring磁性层厚仪 magnetic bedding gauge磁选厂 magnetic ore-dressing plant磁选尾矿 magnetic tailings次品 sub-quality product粗苯 crude benzene, crude benzol粗苯萃取脱酚light-oil extraction dephenolization process粗苯精馏车间 benzol purifying plant粗苯蒸馏塔 crude benzol distillation tower 粗除尘器 rough cleaner粗蒽 crude anthracene粗酚罐 crude phenol tank粗粉分离器 gross separator粗焦碳 coarse coke粗焦油罐crude phenol tank粗焦油碱类 crude tar bases粗晶粒铸铁 coarse-grained iron粗镏 crude distillation粗萘 crude naphthalene粗碎车间 coarse crushing plant粗碎机 coarse crusher粗洗 rough cleaning粗选机 rougherD大风道 wind main大风道(烧结机)沉降室 settling chamber大块捣碎器 oversize smasher大块焦 large-sized coke大块物料oversize大块运转皮带机oversize transfer conveyer大料钟 lower bell大料钟突缘高度 bell overhang大密封罩 dog house大气鼓风 atmospheric blast大球团 jumbo pellet大球团矿 large-sized pellet大容量二极同步电动机powerful two-polar synchronous motor大星轮sprocket wheel大型烧结厂 large-scale pelletizing plant大型造球设备production-scale pelletizing system大修 overhaul, general overhaul,major overhaul, big (capital, major, heavy) repairing大修期 relining period大烟道 wind main, suction main, gas main, fan main大烟道放灰阀wind-main dust valve大烟道双层放灰阀wind-main double acting dust valve大钟 large bell大钟平衡杆 large bell beam大钟下料 large bell dump带摆动流槽的渣沟slag runner with tilting runner带底部卸料流槽的横梁cross traverse with bottom discharge chute带清洗器的洗涤塔 scrubber with washer带散热管的热交换器 finned tube heat exchanger 带式焙烧chain-type grate, continuous traveling gratemachine, straight grate machine, straight grate indurating machine, straight grate induration machine, straight grate pelletizing machine带式焙烧机traveling grate (induration) machine straight grate induration machine straight grate pelletizing machine, straight grate indurating machine，traveling grate indurationmachine,traveling grate pelletizing machine带式焙烧机continuous traveling grate machine带式焙烧系统(球团矿) traveling grate system 带式除铁器 belt electromagnetic iron remover 带式干燥机 dryer conveyer带式给料机 belt extractor, belt feeder带式机布料点strand charging station带式机上料点strand charging station带式冷却机straight-line cooler,traveling grate cooler带式球团焙烧机 traveling grate pelletizing machine带式烧结机 agglomeration strand, continuous grate, continuous strand sinter machine,continuous traveling grate machine带式收粉器 bag type pulverized coal collector 带式输送机 belt conveyor带消音器的无料钟炉顶 bell-less top closure with silencer袋滤器 bag house袋式除尘器bag filter袋式集尘器料位 bag filter level单层生球筛 single-deck seed screen单层振动筛 single-deck vibrating screen单独管道 single pipeline单轨提升防护供电开关 monorail hoist fused supply switch单机控制 single unit control单料钟炉顶 bell and hopper top单流轴流式鼓风机 single flow axial blower单批烧结杯(铁) batch sinter pot单位面积 specific area单向阀 non return valve弹簧刮刀 spring-held scraper弹簧探棒 spring-loaded rod氮气保安气源 asset safety source氮气吹扫 nitrogen purge氮气存储器 nitrogen receiver氮气流态化装置 Nitrogen fluiding device氮气灭火装置 N2 extinguisher氮气系统 nitrogen system挡风盖 coolant guard挡火墙 bay wall, breast wall挡料板(烧结机控制料层高度 striker plate挡料圈 obstruction, retaining ring挡水板 splash plate挡油板coolant guard挡渣墙hot-metal and slag separator导出管 off-takes倒包 ladle-to-ladle倒流阀 back-draught valve倒流旁通风管 back-draught chimney倒流休风 draft back, back-draughting倒流休风系统 back draught system倒流休风烟囱 back draughting stack倒数第二个风箱next-to-last wind box penultimate windbox倒运装置 refilling device倒装reversed filling倒装料 reversed filling捣打炉衬rammed lining捣固炉料 stamped charge捣碎机 shredder捣筑炉衬 rammed lining等粒度料equi-granular charge等外品off-grade, off-specification, off-size 低挥发性煤 low-volatile coal低挥发性烟煤 low-volatile bituminous coal低架筛 low head screen低磷铁矿石 Bessemer ore低品位磁铁矿 low grade magnetite低品位自熔性烧结矿low grade fluxed sinter低热值煤气 low BTU, LBTU gas低湿度炮泥 low-moisture taphole mix低碳铁素体不锈钢 low carbon ferrite stainless steel低碳铸铁 low-carbon cast iron低头型振动筛 low head screen低位料仓(地下料仓) underground bunker station低温粉化试验 low temperature break-down test, low temperature disintegration test低温还原粉化率low temperature break-down under reducing conditions低压煤气管 low-pressure gas main低压汽化冷却 pressure-less type evaporative cooling低真空 poor vacuum, rough vacuum滴铁 trickling iron底部排出泥浆的比重specific gravity of under-flow slurry底层炉料bed charge底层泥浆流 under-flow slurry底焦高度 bed height底料bed charge底料高度bed height底料流挡板 under-flow baffle底下气流 underbed gas flow底卸式料罐 drop-bottom bucket抵抗(焦)墙 buttress wall, pinion wall地磅 weight bridge 地下矿槽 underground bin地下料仓 underground bin地下受煤斗underground coal receiving-hopper 第二冷却段废气second stage cooling offgas第一干燥段 primary drying zone第一冷却段primary zone of cooling first cooling zone点火 (高炉) lighting点火车(盘式烧结机) ignition car点火程序控制 ignition program control点火放散烟囱flare stack点火后负压 post-ignition suction点火炉 (团)(烧结机)ignition furnace点火器ignitor, ignition system, ignition hood system点火前负压 pre-ignition suction点火烧嘴 ignition burner点火系统ignition system, ignition hood system 电除尘器 electric precipitator电磁启炉盖(焦) magnetic lid lifter电磁液压提升装置magnet-hydraulic lifting device电动给料器 electric feeder电动轨道衡 electric bridge scale电动机械振动给料机electro-mechanical vibrating feeder电动卷扬机 electric hoist电动卷扬机起重梁 lifting beam with electric hoist电动泥炮 electrically-driven mud gun电动切削台(耐) power-operated cutting table 电动脱焦油器 electric tar catcher电极点火 electrode ignition电炉生铁 electric pig iron电振给料机 electro-vibrating feeder电子称量系统 electronic weighing system电子称重式给煤机electronic weighing coal feeder电子称重系统 electronic weighing system电子秤 electronic weigher电子胶带称 electrical belt scale电子皮带称 electronic belt scale电子平台称 electronic platform scale电阻层厚仪 resistance bedding gauge电钻开口电动-风动转换器electro-pneumatic converter电钻开口机 electric rotary drill垫底料 bed charge吊车 crane, jib crane吊车梁 runway beam吊顶式结构(点火器)ceiling-slung structure蝶阀butterfly valve蝶阀形闸门 butterfly type stack damper顶燃式热风炉dome-combustion stove, top combustion type hot blast stove, shaftless stove定氨仪 azometer定点布料 fixed point distribution定量给料机 constant-weight feeder定量旋转叶片式给料器 quantitative rotary vane type feeder冻结 frozen, freeze斗轮机 bucket-wheel machine斗轮式堆取料机combination bucket-wheel stacker-reclaimer斗轮式联合堆取料机combined bucket wheel stacking and reclaiming unit斗轮式取料机bucket wheel reclaimer,barrel reclaimer斗式给料机 skip type feeder斗式卸料机 bucket unloader独立式（炉体钢结构）free standing type堵出铁口botting堵风口 plunger feeder堵口泥 stopping clay, taphole clay, tapping clay堵口塞杆 taphole plug stick堵铁口机 taphole stopping machine堵眼 botting堵渣口botting堵渣口机 cinder notch stopper, clay煅烧带 calcination zone煅烧炉 calciner, calcining furnace煅烧石灰 burnt lime堆比重banked specific gravity, bulk specific gravity堆垛冷却 cooling in packed formation端砖，外置砖 terminal brick堆角 angle of repose堆矿机 stacker堆料场 stockyard, stockpiling area, terminal stockyard堆料机 stacker堆料系统 (场) stock piling system堆煤场 coal yard堆密度bulk density堆取料机 stacker-reclaimer堆速度 stacking rate 对称顶(外燃式热风炉炉顶) symmetrical dome cap 对辊破碎机double roll cutter, double-roll crusher对辊式压块机roll-type briquetting press, roll press对夹式蝶阀 clamping type butterfly valve对流 advection对流传热 counter-current heat transfer对流式干燥机 reversed-current drier对位甲酚 p-cresol对准砖 alignment brick多层烧结体 composite sintered compact多尺寸粉末 polysize powder多段波纹管装置multi-sectional corrugated pipe device多段回热式冷却机multi-stage recuperation cooler多段链蓖机 multiple-pass grate多段湿式洗涤器 multistage wet scrubber多段洗涤塔 multistage scrubber多管除尘器 multi-clone dust collector多管旋流集尘器 multi-clone collector多孔钢板筛板 perforated plate deck多口喷气控制器 multiple jet control多粒度料multi-granular charge多列三角皮带 multiple V-belt多室袋式滤尘器multiple compartment bag filter unit多压透平发电(TRT) excess pressure turbine generator (TRT)多锥圆筒造球机 multi-cone drum多锥造球机 multiple-cone pelletizer惰性气体载流 inert gas carrierE鹅颈管swan neck, goose-heck, tuyere stock鹅头双销连接goose-head type double pin connection额定安全系数 guarantee load额定产量 rated output (production)额定出力 nominal output (capacity)额定工作条件 nominal working conditions额定工作压力 rated operating pressure额定消耗量 rated consumption额定有效载荷 rated payload额定值rated value, rating value额定最大破碎比nominal maximum reduction ratio额外时间 extra time额外载荷量 extra load-carrying capacity苊 acenaphthene轭构件yoke piece恶劣条件 malcondition恶性循环 vicious circle恶唑 oxazole颚板 jaw plate颚式料斗 jaw grab颚式破碎机 jaw crusher(breaker)颚式破碎机的齿角 angle of nip颚形夹爪 grip jaw蒽 anthracene蒽油柱 anthracene oil column鲕状赤铁矿 kidney ore耳形凸缘 lug flange耳轴承 trunnion bearing耳轴铜衬 trunnion brass耳轴支架 trunnion mounting二苯醚 dibenzofuran二次点火(团) post-ignition二次点火器preheat hood二次过滤 secondary filter二次回采 second mixing二次混料(烧结) rerolling二次进风 secondary air二次冷却剂 secondary coolant二次冷却器 secondary cooler二次燃烧after-burning, after-combustion, post-combustion二次燃烧器 after-burner二次烧结 second sintering二次圆筒混合机 reroll drum二段式链蓖机 two-pass grate二级除尘器 secondary dust-catcher二流铸铁机 2-strand pig casting machine二通式热风炉 two-pass hot stove二通蓄热式热风炉 Cowper stove, Cowper blast furnace二重烧结 double sintering二重轴 diad axisF发热值 calorific value翻斗车 overturning skip, dumping wagon翻斗装料斜槽 skip loading chute反玻璃化devitrification反常快行 abnormal fast driving反常温度 abnormal temperature反击式破碎机impact breaker, impact crusher 反应段active zone反应罐(直接还原) retort 反应区(团)active zone反转支臂式堆料机 reversing-boom stacker返尘加入斗 return dust charge hopper返回料recycle material返矿 return sinter, recycle material return fines, sinter plant fines返矿/矿石比 return fines-to-ore ratio返矿比return fine rate, percentage of returns, percentage of returns in mix返矿槽 return fines bin返矿量 return fines output返矿率return fine rate, percentage of returns, percentage of returns in mix返矿率(比) return ratio, return-out返矿皮带 return conveyer返矿添加量 returns-in返矿系统 return circuit system返矿用槽式输送机 fine pan conveyer返料 recycle material revert, revert material, return chat返料比 percentage of returns, percentage of returns in mix返料料斗 return dust hopper返料皮带return conveyer, return fines conveyer方案设计阶段 conceptual design phase防爆卸压装置explosion-proof and pressure relieving device防风雨外壳 weather proof enclosure防火防爆装置fire and explosion proof device防溅挡板 splash guard (shield)防静电措施 anti-electrostatic measures防跑偏装置 anti-meandering equipment防水挡板 water guard防碎流槽 anti-degradation chute放出炉底积铁 salamander tapping放电电极 discharging electrode放风snorting放风阀(高炉) bleed in damper, snort valve, blow off valve放风阀消音器snort valve silencer放风阀绳轮 snort wheel放风坐料 snorting放灰阀dust discharge valve, dump valve放灰阀门 downcomer damper放灰管 dust leg放空阀 dump valve放气阀 bleeding valve放散阀 bleeding valve, blow off valve放散管 bleeder door放散管煤气压力 bleeder stack pressure放渣工 slagger放渣口taphole for slag非计划休风unscheduled delay，wind off downtime, blowing down,delay非结焦煤 non-coking coal非生产性建设 non-productive construction非自溶性球团 non-self-fluxing pellet菲 phenanthrene肥煤 fat coal, rich coal废衬砖salvaged lining,used lining废钢炉料废金属料 scrap charge废料revert material,waste material废料堆 discard pile废料运输机 reject fines conveyer废炉衬salvaged lining,used lining废品cull, discard, reject, waste product废气风机 waste gas fan废气换热器 waste gas heat exchanger废气切断阀 waste gas shut-off valve废气燃烧烟道 flare stack废气热回收设备waste gas heat recovery facility废石recrement废石流槽(选) slate chute废水池 main dump tank废水处理 effluent treatment废铁 scrap iron废物 waste product废砖(耐)cull沸腾焙烧roasting in fluidized bed分层布料 charging of the layer one by one分层管网 network of graded pipework分层装料 (布料) layer-by-layer one by one, charging of layers one by one分叉流槽bifurcated launder, double bifurcated chutetwo-way chute分叉式矿槽 twin outlet bin分叉中央溜槽 bifurcated center chute分风管 air manifold分给送风 split wind blowing分机区域精炼 batch zone refining分级料(车)场 classification yard分级筛 classifying screen分离冷却 cooling in spaced formation分离热管式废热回收装置 separate hot pipe type waste heat recovering device分离式热管换热器separate tubular heat exchanger分离室 separating chamber分溜槽 split chute分流管divider分馏 fractionation分配槽 distribution分配流槽two-way chute分选场 sorting floor分选平台 sorting floor分选筛 separating screen分选台 sorting table分装 split charging酚塔phenol tower粉尘浓度 dust concentration粉尘清理装置 dust disposal system粉尘烧结 agglomeration of dust粉尘抑制室 dust suppression house粉化率 powder ratio粉矿 fine ore rate of blowing粉矿仓 fine ore bin粉矿量rate of fines ores粉矿率rate of fines ores粉矿烧结 agglomeration of fine material粉料仓 fine bunker粉料上料装置 fine charging device粉煤pulverized coal粉煤机 coal pulverizer粉煤装置 coal grinding plant粉末率powder ratio粉末松装烧结sintering of unpressed powder粉末冶金法 powder metallurgy process粉末渣granulated slag粉末自燃性(粉) pyrophorosity of powder粉碎拌和工段 grinding-mixing section粉碎粉末 pulverized (comminuted) powder粉碎机 crushing mill, shredder粉碎指数 degradation index风挡箱 (焦) damper box风动放灰阀 air-operated dust valve风动双层放灰阀double-acting air-operated dustvalve风口比 tuyere ratio风口玻璃 tuyere glass风口大套 tuyere breast (casing)风口大套褂钩 tuyere snatcker风口带 tuyere zone风口冻结 tuyere freezing风口法兰 tuyere cooler holders, tuyere cooler housing风口盖 stock cap, wicket风口更换机tuyere changingmachine风口灌渣 running out into tuyere风口镜tuyere glass风口壳体 tuyere body风口拉杆 tightening bolt风口冷却板 tuyere cooling plate风口冷却大套tuyere cooler风口冷却器的冷却环路 tuyere cooler cooling circuit风口冷却水套 tuyere arch cooler风口冷却套tuyere cooler, tuyere cooler housing风口喷吹 tuyere injection风口前端冷却水管 tuyere nose cooling circuit 风口区<线> tuyere line风口寿命 tuyere life风口水套环路 tuyere nose circuit风口水套检漏装置tuyere nose leak detection风口外套 tuyere jacket风口弯管curved pipe,leg pipe,tuyere offtake 风口弯头 eye-sight elbow风口型燃烧器 tuyere type burner风口压力 tuyere pressure风口装卸 installation and dismantling of the tuyere风口总有效截面积total tuyere area, total blast nozzle area风冷机 cooling fan风量 weight of blast, wind volume风流调节阀 flow control damper风扫式球磨机 air swept ball mill风扇冷却器 fan cooler风箱 draft box, suction box风箱负压 windbox suction风嘴口 tuyere snout封炉期 banking period峰谷形布料方式 rill and valley pattern蜂房式冷却器beehive cooler,cellular cooler浮石制品厂 pumice preparation plant浮选 flotation浮选槽 flotation cell浮选精矿 flotation concentration浮选矿泥 flotation slurry浮选尾矿 flotation tailings福利设施 welfare 辐射高温计 radial pyrometer辅助原料 auxiliary raw material付产 by-product plant付产车间by-product plant付产品 by-product负荷下的屈服点 yield point under load负压minus pressure, negative pressure, suction, grate suction附加料 additional charge附属运输机脱扣线系统 conveyor tripwire system 复风restoring the wind复合矿石 complex ore复合坯块(粉) compound compact复合球团 composite pellet复合烧结矿 composite agglomerate复合团矿 composite agglomerate复合压坯 (生坯) composite green compact复热下喷式焦炉combination fired underjet oven复式电子秤 double electronic scale复压 repressing副产品炼焦炉 by-product coke oven富集矿 enriched ore富块矿 direct shipping ore富矿 high grade ore, rich ore, high quality iron ore, premium ore, direct smelting ore 富煤气 rich gas富煤气主(总)管 rich gas main富锰铁矿石 manganiferous iron ore富铁球团矿 iron-rich pellet富选尾矿 rewash discard富氧oxygen enrichment富氧鼓风 enriched blast, oxy-boosted blast, oxy-enriched blast, oxygen enriched blast, oxygen enrichment of blast富氧鼓风焙烧roasting by oxygen-enriched blastG干裂 (耐) drying crack干碾机 dry (pan) mill干球抗压强度dry ball compression strength干生球 dry green pellet, dried green ball干湿球温度计 wet-and-dry-bulb thermometer干式闭路球磨机 dry type closed circuit ball mill干式高炉煤气能源回收系统dry type blast furnace gas energy recovery systems干式煤气除尘系统dry type gas dedusting system 干式煤气透平发电机组 dry type gas turbinegenerator unit干送风高炉 dry-air blast furnace干烟尘 dry dust干燥段炉罩 drying hood干燥坑 air pit, dry pit干燥炉 drying stove干燥器 desiccant drier干燥室 air drier干渣坑增压泵房 slag pit booster pump house 橄榄石 peridotite, olivine矸石 recrement刚性拘束抗裂试验rigid restraint cracking test刚玉corundum钢板衬里 steel plate lining钢筋混凝土出铁场工作平台reinforced concrete cast house钢框架平台 steel framed floor钢铁厂废料球团 steel plant by product pellet 钢铁厂废料造块steel plant by product agglomeration钢铁厂废料造块法steel plant by-productagglomeration钢制波纹管 steel bellow钢珠消耗 steel ball consumption杠杆式闸板阀 lever flap valve高铬铁衬里 high chrome iron liner高硅赤铁矿 codorous ore高硅生铁 high-silicon cast iron高还原度球团 highly reduced pellet高挥发份煤 high-volatile coal高挥发份烟煤high-volatile bituminous coal高级优质铸铁 high-duty cast iron高架矿槽 elevated bin高架桥式起重机 overhead traveling crane高碱度球团 high basicity pellet,super-fluxed pellet高碱度烧结矿 high basicity sintered ore高料柱 long column高磷生铁 high-phosphorous iron高磷铁矿 high-phosphorus iron ore高炉 blast furnace高炉本体 blast furnace proper高炉本体诊断go-stop 系统 diagnostic go-stop system of BF proper高炉操作指数 blast furnace operating index高炉冲渣水闭路循环系统closed water circulating system for blast furnace slag granulation 高炉除尘器烟尘 blast furnace dust catcher dust高炉袋式除尘器 furnace bag filter house高炉放风阀用高效率消声器high efficiency silencer for the snort valve of blast furnace 高炉放散阀平台 furnace bleeder platform高炉工人 blast furnace operator高炉供料皮带运输机主控屏上的显示 indication on the main screen for BF charge on the beltconveyer高炉鼓风机 blast furnace blower高炉滑动漏斗 furnace sliding hopper高炉灰(泥)浆 blast furnace sludge高炉灰风动输送系统flue dust pneumatic conveying system高炉-焦炉混合煤气 combination of coke oven and blast furnace gas高炉精料high grade blast furnace burden高炉冷却 furnace cooling高炉利用系数blast furnace output index(BOI) 高炉炉尘 flue dust of BF高炉炉顶煤气 total top gas of BF高炉炉顶喷水控制 cone water spray control of furnace top高炉炉顶外封罩 furnace cone高炉炉顶外罩(锥形部分) furnace top cone高炉炉顶装置 furnace top equipment高炉炉壳 blast furnace jacket高炉炉况B F condition高炉炉况失常 upset in blast furnace operation 高炉炉料跟踪系统blast furnace material tracking system高炉炉前筛分机 blast furnace screen高炉炉身装置 furnace stack equipment高炉炉体和热风阀的软水闭路循环冷却水closed softened water, recirculating cooling circuits of blast furnace body and hot blast valves高炉炉头 top cone高炉煤粉喷吹系统 pulverized coal injection system高炉煤气blast furnace gas高炉煤气干式电除尘器BF. gas dry electrostaticprecipitator高炉煤气柜 blast furnace gas holder高炉煤气和炉尘回收系统 furnace gas and dust recovery system高炉煤气总管 BF gas main。
施工安全管理：冶炼高炉主沟、渣铁沟及沟盖
施工安全管理：冶炼高炉主沟、渣铁沟及
沟盖
主沟为半贮铁式“T”形固定主沟，主沟长度为18m，坡度I=4%。
铁沟、渣沟、残铁沟的沟槽均用钢板焊成，铁沟坡度I=15%。
渣沟坡度I=7%。
残铁沟坡度I=5%。
主沟及渣铁沟上均设置沟盖。
其主要危险有害因素如下：
（1）高温
在出铁过程中，铁水温度非常高，工人在周围作业，如防护不当，容易受到高温辐射伤害。
（2）粉尘
铁水，铁渣在铁沟、渣沟、残铁沟中流动过程中，会产生大量粉尘，工人在周围作业时，如防护不当，长期作业时，可能患职业病。
（3）烫伤
a.作业工人在铁沟周围行走时，容易被铁水飞溅物烫伤。
b.在垫渣沟时，工人进入未清干净的渣铁沟，被暗坑沉铁烧伤、灼伤。
（4）其它伤害
a.在垫渣沟时，可能撞伤、压伤等事故。
b.在清理铁渣沟作业过程中，工人在锤铁块时，可能被击伤。
c.由于现场有杂物，工人不小心，可能被绊倒、滑倒。
半储铁式铁沟在八钢5号高炉的应用
ａ出铁 口下 沿 高度 ．． 沟 底 高度 ；． 沟 沟底 高度 ． ｂ主 ｃ支铁
图 １设计施工图
２２ 制 定施 工方 案 ．
首先抬 高撇 渣器 出 口端支铁 沟沟底 的标高 Ｃ
主沟沟深的理想尺寸是 １０ｒ ５号高炉实际 ６ ０ ｍ， ａ 沟深完全可以满足要求 ，只是此高度会使浇注料和
联 系人 ： 王宗乐 ， ，７ ， 男 ３ 岁 大学 ， 铁工程 师， 炼 乌鲁木 齐（３ ０ ２ 宝钢集 团八钢公 司炼铁分公 司 ８０２ ）
Ｅ－ｍａｉ ｗａ ｇ ｌ ｙ ｔ ｏ １１ ｌ ｎ ｚ ＠ｂ ｇ． ｍ．１ ： ｃ ３
２１ ０ ０年第 ２期
新 疆钢 铁
总 １４期 １
楼 板 直接 接触 ， 沟浇 注料 中富含 ＳＣ和 Ｃ， 热系 铁 ｉ 导 数 较高 ， 防止混 凝 土楼板 受热 而 出现 问题 ， 沟深 为 主
中 图分 类 号 ： Ｆ ４ ． Ｔ ５ ６１ 文献标识码 ： Ｂ 文 章 编 号 ： ６ ２ ４ ２ （０ Ｏ ０ — ０ ２ — ０ １ ７— ２ ４ ２ １ ）２ ｏ ５ ２
Ａｐ ｌ ａｉｎ ｏ ｏ ｇ ｆ ｔｒｎ ｒ ｎ Ｐ ｔ ｒ ｔ ． ． ｎ Ｂ ｙ ｔｅ ｐｉ ｔ ｆ ｃ ｏ Ｔｒ ｕ ｈ ｏ ｏ ｉｇ Ｉ ｏ ａｔ ｎ ａ ５ＢＦ ｉ ａ ｉ ｅ ｌ Ｓ ｅ Ｎｏ Ｓ
响了炉前工人 的身心健康。 为改变这种现状 ， 专业技
术人 员通 过查 询资 料及研 究 分析 ，认 为北 京某 公 司
较多的铁水保温 ，这就确定了主沟为半储铁式铁沟 的方案。撇渣器底部 的残铁 口还是与传统的留法一 样， 待要 进行 主 沟或撇 渣器 修 理时 ， 沟与撇 渣器 内 主 的存 留铁水将从残铁 口放出。针对 ５ 号高炉现炉前 沟状 况 ， 设计 施工 图如 图 １ 所示 。