英语文体学考试
文体学考试大纲
文体学考试大纲II. Explain the following terms3. AppropriatenessWhen producing an utterance, a speaker needs to know that it is grammatical, and also that it is suitable (appropriate) for the particular situation.1. Stylistics(Modern) Stylistics: a discipline that applies concepts and techniques of modern linguistics to the study of styles of language use; simply defined, a discipline that studies the ways in which language is used; a discipline that studies the styles of language in use.10. Field of discourseThe field of discourse refers to what is happening, including what is being talked about. (话语范围)the subject matter; the linguistic reflection of the type of social activity the language user is engaged in12. Tenor of discourseThe tenor of discourse refers to the participants who are taking part in this exchange of meaning, who they are and what kind of relationship they have to one another. (话语基调)the linguistic reflection of the personal Relationships between speaker/writer and hearer/reader11. Mode of discourseThe mode of discourse refers to what part the language is playing in this particular situation, for example, in what way the language is organized to convey the meaning, and what channel is used—written or spoken or a combination of the two. (话语方式)the linguistic reflection of the relationshipthat the languageuser has to the medium of communication4. Speech eventspeech events—social activities in which language plays an important role5. Speech actSpeech act (言语行为): an utterance (语句) as a functional unit in communicationpropositional meaning (命题意义illocutionary meaning (言外意义6. Language varietyIt refers to different types of a language subject to a variety of circumstances,2. StyleStyle is an integral part of meaning（1. ）“Style”may refer to some or all of the language habits (i.e. speech and writing habits) of one person （2.）The word may refer to some or all of the language habits shared by a group of people at one time, or over a period of time （3.）The word may be used in an evaluative sense, referring to the effectiveness of a mode of expressionTo sum up, “style”on this course refers to the characteristic variation in language use.7. ContextLinguistic context is alternatively termed as Co-Text, which refers to the linguistic units preceding and/or following a particular linguistic unit in a text.8. Stative 动词状态的meaningStative meaning refers to the situation that is conceived as existing, rather than happening, and as being continuous and unchanging throughout its duration静态动词静态动词(stativeverbs)指的是一些表示相对静止状态的动词。
下期英语文体学期末考试试题A卷
湖南科技学院二○一一年下学期期末考试Array英语专业20XX年级英语文体学试题考试类型：开卷试卷类型：A卷考试时量：120分钟出卷人：唐建福I1. A periodic sentence can be used to create ⑴suspense, or expectation, thus drawing the listener’s at tention to the end of the sentence. It can be used to produce ⑵humorous and ⑶emphatic effect.2. Computer language refers to the language that is related to computer science and ⑷network technology.3. Internet language is a language that is mainly used in CMC, which can be divided into two classes: ⑸asynchronous and ⑹synchronous.4. There are many computer technical terms that are derived from common words. As semi-technical terms, common words are simple in form and easy to remember, but their meanings have been shifted from literal to ⑺figurative.5. Stylistics is a discipline that studies the ways in which language is used; it is a discipline that studies the⑻styles of language in use.6. The first conference on stylistics was held in ⑼1958.7.Style is concerned with alternative expressions for the same ⑽content, or different people saying the same thing to different groups of people in different circumstances for different ⑾purposes.8.Words have weight, ⑿sound and appearance; it is only by considering these that you can writea sentence that is good to look at and good to listen to.9. Stresses include word stress and ⒀sentence stress.10. Pauses include⒁structural pause and emotive pause.11. Intonation includes three elements: pitch ⒂height, pitch movement, and pitch range.12. Primary onomatopoeia refers to the imitation of ⒃natural sound.13. Secondary onomatopoeia is associated with ⒄symbolic meaning.14. Sound imitationcan add directness, symbolic and ⒅vividness to language.15.Pun, also called paronomasia, is usually caused by polysemy or ⒆homonymy.16.English is an ⒇analytic language and it has a few inflections. Thus the word is of extremeimportance.1.A ⑴loose sentence puts the major idea first and then the illustration.2.Inversion is another kind of information (2)focus transfer. The inverted sentence can make theconstituents of a sentence emphasis.3. Transferred (3)epithet refers to one attributive adjective modifying none of differentattribution.4. When arranging structure constituents, we can hold the principle of from the shallow todepth, from the small to big, from the light to heavy, etc, thus forming (4)climax.5. Communication is very complex. It involves (5)individual factors and social factors. Whenlanguage is performing its social factors, different varieties emerge.6. A language variety is a sub-set of formal and/or substantial features which correlatesregularly with a particular type of (6)socio-situational features.7. There are two kinds of socio-situational features:One is related to the (7)user oflanguage.The other is related to the user’s use of language.8. Individuality: it refers to (8)idiolect, such as Mr. X’s English, Miss Y’s English.9. The historical period in which a language user lives can create temporal varieties, calledtemporal (9)dialects, such as Old English, Middle English and Modern English10. Geographical features create (10)regional varieties, such as British English, AmericanEnglish, etc11. Daily communication is a (11)bilateral activity of speaker and hearer. It occurs in a certainplace at a certain time for a certain purpose, which needs mutual intelligibility.12. In daily communication, (12)spoken English should be placed initially.13. No matter what types or styles of English they are, they are based on the common-coredEnglish, which is similar in sound, (13)grammar and lexicon.14. Stylistic study sharpens the understanding & (14)appreciation of literary worksII．Multiple-choice (Attention: there is more than one choice to one question).(2%*8=16%)1. In what genres is repetition often used?( ABCD)A. public speech;B. poetry;C. novelD. exposition2. Choose the phrases which contain oxymoron. (ABCD)A. a love-hate relationshipB. orderly chaosC. mercifully fatalD. poor rich guy3. What style does the embedded sentence put at the end can have in complex sentences? ( )A. affirmative;B. rhetoric;C. humorous;D. ironical4. The elliptical sentence is with compact structure and with protruding effect of expression. What effects can it produce? ( )A. strong;B. compendious;C. weak;D. direct5. What kind of meanings can syllepsis create? ( )A. indirect meaning;B. figurative meaning;C. literal meaning;D. denotative meaning6. Rhetorical questions are those with no need of answer. What kind of questions can it beclassified into? ( )A. tag question;B. general question;C. affirmative question;D. negative question7. For sake of style, there are different kinds of deviation in collocation. What are they?( )A. oxymoron;B. transferred epithet;C. syllepsis;D. zeugma8. What can sound imitation add to language? ()A. personification;B. symbol;C. vividness;D. directnessIII．Please give the definition of the following terms.(6%*4=8%)1.Principle of Turn-taking System:Only one speaker speaks at a time and no more than one. If there is more than one speaker, the other will retreat quickly; if there is silence, one speaker will break it with conversational gambits.2.Maxim of Quantity:1. Make your contribution as informative as is required2. Do not make your contribution more informative than is required.3.Repetition4.SyllepsisIt refers to one word modifying two words simultaneously, thus creating two meanings: figurative meaning and literal meaning.IV．Analyze the following passage. (Attention: please give the definition of this kind of sentence structure, its characteristics and its stylistic effects) (12%)I came, I saw, I Conquered.(Julius Caesar)1.The Definition of Short SentencesShort sentences refer both to the sentences which contain fewer words and sentences which are structurally simple, such as simple sentences.2.The Function of Short SentencesThe unexpected high frequency of occurrence of short sentences can produce direct, terse （简练的）, concise, clear effect or continuous, compact, swift effect, so that it creates certain atmosphere, and leaves a deep impression on the listeners.Here there are three short clauses, which describe generally three long-time processes. The short clauses give the impression that the processes are finished rapidly, thus showing Caesar’s pride and arrogance.2. Some were decorous:old people in long stiff robes of mauve and grey, grave master workmen, quiet, merry women carrying their babies and chatting as they walked.A loose sentence puts the major idea first and then the illustration. Such a sentence is easy to grasp. It can produce direct and clear effect.Here following “some were decorous”, we have a lot of attributive and modifying elements following it. This structure can make the description detailed and complete, dragging the listener himself into the scene.V．Identify the figures of speech in the following sentence. (2%*10=20%)1.It has the poorest millionaire, the littlest great men, the haughtiest beggars, the plainest beauties, the lowest sky-scrapers, the dolefulest pleasures of any town I ever saw. ( oxymoron )2.He spent a sleepless night. (oxymoron)3. The ploughman homeward plods his weary way. (transferred epithet )4. He is wisely stupid. ( oxymoron )5. The senator picked up his hat and his courage. ( syllepsis)6. He possessed two false teeth and a sympathetic heart. ( syllepsis)7. Miss Bolo rose from the table considerably agitated, and went straight home, in a flood of tears and a sedan chair. ( zeugma )8. At noon Mrs. Turpin would get out of bed and humour, put on kimono, airs, and the water to boil for coffee. ( zeugma )9.Ten minutes later, the coffee and Commander Dana of Naval Intelligence arrived simultaneously.( zeugma )10. He halted in the district where by night are found the lightest street, hearts, vows, and librettos. ( zeugma)11.。
文体学复习资料
复习资料英语专业《文体学》（本科）1. 根据重音的不同, 写出下列词组的意思.（8分）（1）一家工厂（2）一种玩具（3）教英语的老师（4）一位英国籍老师（5）白宫（6）白色的房子（7）一个黑色的鸟巢（8）黑鸟的巢2. 试从押韵和用词的角度来分析这首诗是如何把人, 生活及生命密切联系在一起的.（5分）作者用down与town押韵，hold与cold押韵。
选用了一些中性词和具体名词，都与人，生活及生命密切联系，如face, hand, spoon, soup, die等，作者还连用三个no与left 一起表达了二十万人的生命从地球上消失这一可怕的事实，而这一切就在日常生活喝汤的几秒钟之间发生。
3. 选出下列委婉语所表达的意思。
（12分）(1) b (2) a (3) d (4) e (5) b (6) c(7) f (8) b (9) d (10) I (11) h (12) g5. 写出下列词，词组和句子的涵义。
（9分）（1）罗宾汉（绿林好汉）（2）乌托邦（理想社会）（3）汤姆叔叔（逆来顺受的人）（4）香格里拉（理想乐园）（5）阿克琉斯的脚后跟（致命的弱点）（6）麦加（向往的地方）（7）潘多拉的盒子（灾难之源）（8）言过其实（9）达摩克利斯之剑（随时可能发生的灾难）6. 试分析下面一节诗所用的句子结构形式及达到的艺术效果。
（5分）在这一节诗里，倒装句用得十分巧妙，诗人首先在环境上加以渲染，造成一种悬念气氛：“从天空中、从云层中、在树林上、在田庄上，”“静静地、轻轻地、悠悠地”，而把主要概念保留到最后一行，最后一词，读者对诗的主题才恍然大悟，因此收到极佳的艺术效果。
7. 指出下列句子所用的句法上的修辞手段，并把字母填入相应的括号内。
（12分）(1) A (2) E (3) B (4) BC (5) BD8. 分析下列诗句。
（14分）抑扬格，五音步这几行的有规律的节奏似乎模拟了傍晚的钟声和疲倦的脚步声。
英语文体学期中试卷
Section 1: Grammar (40% of total score)Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.1. I _______ (am, is) the tallest in our class.a) amb) isc) ared) was2. She _______ (go, goes) to the library every weekend.a) gob) goesc) wentd) going3. If I _______ (be, were) you, I would take a different approach.a) beb) amc) wasd) were4. The weather _______ (is, was) sunny when we arrived at the beach.a) isb) wasc) will bed) has been5. They _______ (do, did) not have enough time to finish the project.a) dob) didc) haved) had6. She _______ (like, likes) pizza, but her brother _______ (dislike, dislikes) it.a) like, dislikeb) likes, dislikesc) liked, dislikedd) liking, disliking7. The book _______ (is, was) on the table when I entered the room.a) isb) wasc) has beend) had been8. If you _______ (study, studies) harder, you would pass the exam.a) studyb) studiesc) studiedd) studying9. The cat _______ (sleep, sleeps) in the sun during the day.a) sleepb) sleepsc) sleptd) sleeping10. They _______ (not, doesn’t) have any money left.a) notb) doesn’tc) hasn’td) have notSection 2: Vocabulary (20% of total score)Instructions: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the given words.11. The _______ (potential) of the new technology is enormous.12. She is a very _______ (diligent) student, always finishing her work on time.13. The company is facing a _______ (financial) crisis due to the economic downturn.14. The teacher was impressed by the _______ (innovative) ideas in the student’s project.15. The author’s _______ (perspective) on the issue was refreshing and thought-provoking.Section 3: Reading Comprehension (20% of total score)Instructions: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In recent years, the importance of sustainable development has become increasingly evident. With the rapid growth of the global population and the depletion of natural resources, it is crucial to find ways to balance economic growth with environmental protection. One of the most significant challenges in achieving this balance is the issue of waste management.Traditional waste management methods, such as landfilling and incineration, have proven to be ineffective and environmentally harmful. These methods contribute to air and water pollution, as well as the release of greenhouse gases. As a result, many countries have turned to more sustainable practices, such as recycling and composting.Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new products. It not only reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills but also conserves natural resources. Composting, on the other hand,involves the decomposition of organic waste into nutrient-rich soil.This process helps to reduce methane emissions and provides a valuable resource for agriculture.Despite the benefits of these sustainable practices, challenges remain. One of the main issues is the lack of awareness and participation among the general public. Many people are not aware of the importance of recycling and composting, and those who are often do not take the necessary steps to participate in these programs.Another challenge is the infrastructure required to support recyclingand composting. Proper facilities and collection systems need to be in place to ensure that waste is properly processed. Additionally, the cost of implementing these programs can be significant, and funding can be a barrier to their success.Questions:16. What is the main challenge mentioned in the passage regarding waste management?a) Lack of fundingb) Lack of infrastructurec) Lack of awareness and participationd) Lack of proper facilities17. Why are traditional waste management methods considered environmentally harmful?a) They contribute to air and water pollution.b) They are expensive to implement.c) They require a lot of labor.d) They are not efficient in reducing waste.18. What is the primary purpose of recycling?a) To reduce the amount of waste in landfills.b) To create jobs in the waste management industry.c) To provide a source of income for the government.d) To reduce methane emissions.Section 4: Writing (20% of total score)Instructions: Write a short essay (200-300 words) on the following topic:Describe the importance of sustainable development in today’s world. How can individuals and communities contribute to the achievement of sustainable goals?Your Answer:[Your essay goes here, discussing the importance of sustainable development and providing examples of how individuals and communities can contribute to its achievement.]。
英语文体学教程课后题答案
英语文体学教程课后题答案○91○92○93○94单选1 [单选题] *A、herB、his(正确答案)C、myD、your单选2 [单选题] *A、OfB、InC、OnD、At(正确答案)单选3 [单选题] *A、WhenB、WhereC、WhyD、How(正确答案)单选4 [单选题] *A、can't(正确答案)B、shouldn'tC、mustn'tD、needn't单选5 [单选题] *A、because(正确答案)B、soC、butD、or单选6 [单选题] *A、beautifulB、more beautiful(正确答案)C、most beautifulD、the most beautiful单选7 [单选题] *A、learnB、am learningC、learned(正确答案)D、will learn单选8 [单选题] *A、buys(正确答案)B、will buyC、is buyingD、has bought单选9 [单选题] *A、is teachingB、will teachC、teachesD、has taught(正确答案)单选10 [单选题] *A、sleepsB、is sleeping(正确答案)C、sleptD、has slept单选11 [单选题] *A、choosesB、choseC、is chosenD、was chosen(正确答案)单选12 [单选题] *A、where is the supermarketB、where was the supermarketC、where the supermarket is(正确答案)D、where the supermarket was完形13 [单选题] *A、suitableB、believableC、comfortableD、impossible(正确答案)完形14 [单选题] *A、 offeredB、canceled(正确答案)C、recordedD、improved完形15 [单选题] *A、argumentB、statementC、agreementD、encourage(正确答案)完形16 [单选题] *A、upsetB、curiousC、glad(正确答案)D、confused完形17 [单选题] *A、studyingB、exercising(正确答案)C、touchingD、driving完形18 [单选题] *A、closer(正确答案)B、betterC、colderD、stronger完形19 [单选题] *A、acceptB、enjoyC、stop(正确答案)D、keep完形20 [单选题] *A、chance(正确答案)B、courseC、dreamD、goalA篇21 [单选题] *Ａ、BambooB、PaperC、ClothD、Wood(正确答案)A篇22 [单选题] *A、In 2000B、In 2001C、In 2006(正确答案)D、In 2016A篇23 [单选题] *A、To tell a storyB、To make a soundC、To watch a play and a gameD、To symbolize hope and luck(正确答案) B篇24 [单选题] *A、travel aroundB、experience lifeC、find the treasure(正确答案)D、help other peopleB篇25 [单选题] *A、excitedB、sorry(正确答案)C、satisfiedD、disappointedB篇26 [单选题] *A、live life to the fullest(正确答案)B、find many interestsC、develop skills to live in the wildD、never give up searching for treasureC篇27 [单选题] *A. It shows your good judgement.B. It harms your brain and your body.C. It helps you correct your faults and mistakes.D. It tells you that you are not excellent enough.(正确答案)C篇28 [单选题] *A. To prove that positive self-talk brings improvements.(正确答案)B. To show that negative self-talk has some bad influence.C. To stress the necessity of asking questions before exams.D. To introduce some good ways to help students and friends.C篇29 [单选题] *A. Negative Self-talk Can Hurt You(正确答案)B. Negative Self-talk Makes You FailC. Positive Self-talk Betters Your GradesD. Positive Self-talk Can Change Your GoalD篇30 [单选题] *A. helpful suggestions and ideasB. excellent products and services(正确答案)C. responsible children and parentsD. confident performances and voiceD篇31 [单选题] *A. Supportive.B. Various.C. Confusing.D. Harmful.(正确答案)D篇32 [单选题] *A. The economy can grow rapidly in competition.B. Kids should not just learn the skills of competition.(正确答案)C. UN was set up to call on people to create competition.D. Sportsmen should not be cooperative to win the game.D篇33 [单选题] *A. people should value competition more than cooperationB. people can perform better in competition than cooperationC. people can benefit more from cooperation than competition(正确答案)D. people should depend more on competition than cooperation。
英语文体学1答案
英语文体学1答案一、单项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）1、C 2、C 3、D 4、D 5、D二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1、knowl edge2、bilabial3、morphol ogy4、sentence5、compl ete三、判断改错题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）1、FActually mod ern linguistics lays more emphasis on the spoken form of language than the written form for a number of reasons.2、FVoicing distinguishes meaning in English but not in Chinese.3、FThe meaning of some compound words has nothing to d o with the sum total of the meanings of their components, such as the compound "red coat".4、FApart from S and C, they also refer to a word, or a phrase that performs a particular grammatical function.5、FDialectal synonyms can often be found not only in different regional dial ects such as British English and American English but also within the variety itself. For exampl e, within British English, "girl" is call ed "lassie" in Scottish dial ect, and "liquor" is call ed "whishey" in Irish dial ect .四、名词解释题（本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分）1、One of the major d efining features of human language. Human language consists of two l evels.At the l ower l evel, there are a limited number of sounds which are meaningl ess whil e at the higher l evel there are an unlimited number of combinations of these sounds. It is also known asd ouble articulation.2、Linguistics that studies language over a period of time, also known as historical linguistics,e.g.the study of the Chinese language since the end of the Qing dynasty up to the present.3、A way to transcribe speech sounds. The basic principl e is to use one l etter to indicate onesound. It is generally used in dictionaries and language teaching textbooks.4、The rul es that govern which affix can be add ed to what type of stem to form a new word,e.g.-ly can be ad d ed to a noun to form an adjective.5、a rewrite rul e that allows for the possibl e combinations of words to form phrases andsentences五、论述题（共20分）1、The inventory of sounds can change, and sound changes includ e changes in vowel sounds,sound l oss, sound ad dition, and sound movement.1) Vowel sound change: English has und ergone the systematic and regular change in the vowelsounds, known as the Great Vowel shift which occurred at the end of the Mid dl e English period and which involved seven l ong, or tense vowels. These changes l ed to one of the major discrepancies between the phonemic representations of words and morphemes, i.e. between pronunciation and the spelling system of Modern English, e.g.five→/fi:v/(Middl e English)→/faiv/(Mod ern English)2) Sound l oss: Sounds can change by the l oss of phonemes. In the history of English the velarfricative /x/ was l ost. This sound existed in Ol d English, so "night" was pronounced as /nixt/, but in Mod ern English, its pronunciation is /nait/.3) Sound addition: Sound addition includ es the gain or insertion of a sound. For exampl e, theword l eisure was borrowed from French, so the phoneme /3/ was add ed to the inventory of English sounds. A change that involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the mid dl e of a word is known as epenthesis, e.g.spinl e--spindl e.4) Sound movement: Sound change as a result of sound movement known as metathesisinvolves a reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments. Metathesis is l ess common, but it d oes exist. In some dial ects of English, for example, the word ask is pronounced /? ks/. Also, brid d ("bird") is an Ol d English word. When metathesis occurred to this word, the movement of /r/ sound to the right of the vowel sound resulted in its Mod ern English counterpart "bird".。
实用英语文体学中英对照版
实用英语文体学中英对照版1、It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops. [单选题] *A. whileB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. when2、Tom and Mary's house bought last year is（）Lucy, s. [单选题] *A. the three size ofB. three times the size of(正确答案)C. as three times large asD. three times as larger as3、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what4、The language school started a new（）to help young learners with reading and writing. [单选题] *A. course(正确答案)B. designC. eventD. progress5、I shall never forget the days（）we worked on the farm. [单选题] *A. when(正确答案)B. whatC. whichD. on that6、We _______ swim every day in summer when we were young. [单选题] *A. use toB. are used toC. were used toD. used to(正确答案)7、He usually ________ at 6:30 a.m. [单选题] *A. gets toB. gets up(正确答案)C. gets overD. gets in8、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)9、--What would you like to say to your _______ before leaving school?--I’d like to say"Thank you very much!" [单选题] *A. workersB. nursesC. waitersD. teachers(正确答案)10、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free11、When Max rushed to the classroom, his classmates _____ exercises attentively. [单选题] *A. didB. have doneC. were doing(正确答案)D. do12、What’s the point of going to school when I can’t do anything there? [单选题] *A. 时间B. 意义(正确答案)C. 方向D. 目标13、What’s your _______ for the coming new year? [单选题] *A. playB. plantC. plan(正确答案)D. plans14、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words15、1．________my father ________ my mother is able to drive a car. So they are going to buy one. [单选题] *A．Neither; norB．Both; andC．Either; orD．Not only; but also(正确答案)16、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk17、Your father is very busy, so he ______ play football with you this afternoon.（）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. don’tC. isn’tD. won’t(正确答案)18、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *A．in...alongB．into...along (正确答案)C．in...onD．into...on19、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)20、100．The bus can ______ you to the Great Wall. [单选题] *A．leaveB．take(正确答案)C．changeD．spend21、47．Yao Ming is tall. That's one of his ________. [单选题] * A．advantageB．advantages(正确答案)C．disadvantageD．disadvantages22、My sister gave me a _______ at my birthday party. [单选题] *A. parentB. peaceC. patientD. present(正确答案)23、The bookshop is far away. You’d better _______. [单选题] *A. by the busB. by busC. take busD. take?the bus(正确答案)24、_______, making some DIY things is fashionable. [单选题] *A. Stand outB. In ones opinionC. In my opinion(正确答案)D. Out of fashion25、Our teacher suggested that each of us _____ a study plan for the tong summer vacation. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. madeC. will makeD. would make26、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] *A. What is not yet knownB. It is not yet known(正确答案)C. As is not yet knownD. This is not yet known27、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy28、41．—________ do you take?—Small, please. [单选题] *A．What size(正确答案)B．What colourC．How manyD．How much29、The soldiers were_____of running away when the enemy attacked. [单选题] *A.chargedB.accused(正确答案)C.scoldedD.estimated30、Betty works as a waitress to earn money for her education. [单选题] *A. 服务员(正确答案)B. 打字员C. 秘书D. 演员。
英语文体学课程期末考试试题及参考答案
XX大学XX学年第X学期期末考试X学院一般考试《英语文体学》试题适用专业：适用年级：I Please gave definitions for the following terms (5x5=25 Points)(1)Iamb(2)Foot(3)Alliteration(4)Couplet(5)MetaphorII Decide whether the following statements are true or false (5x5=25 Points)(6) A dead metaphor is a cliche that has become so commonplace that the imagery has lost itspower(7)“Wall Street is in a panic” is an instance of metaphor.(8)“Living history” is an instance of Oxymoron.(9)Antonyms are word pairs that are opposite in meaning, such as hot and cold.(10)Grammar narrowly can be defined as rules for the formation of sentences.ⅢAnalyze the following poem with stylistics theories (1x50=50 Points)The Tyger(William Blake)Tyger, Tyger burning bright.In the forest of the night;What immortal hand or eye,Could frame thy fearful symmetry?In what distant deeps or skies.Burnt the fire of thine eyes?On what wings dare he aspire?What the hand, dare seize the fire?XX大学XX学年第X学期XX级XX专业XX课程期末考试试题A卷参考答案PART I Definitions（5*5=25Points）(1) a unit of rhythm in poetry, consisting of one short syllable that is notstressed followed by one long one that is stressed, for example in the word "describe"(2)Foot: The rhythmic units that make up lines of meter.(3)Alliteration:a literary device that reflects repetition in two or morenearby words of initial consonant sounds(4)Couplet：a literary device featuring two consecutive lines of poetry thattypically rhyme and have the same meter. a couplet must consist of two lines of verse that follow each other and create a complete thought or idea(5)Metaphor:a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a waythat isn’t literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison PART II True or False（5*5=25 Points）(6)T(7)F(8)T(9)T(10)TPARTⅢStylistic Analysis (1*5=50 Points)XX大学XX学年第X学期XX级XX专业XX课程期末考试试题A卷评分标准本次考试试卷共包括三部分，题型为客观题和主观题相结合，卷面成绩共计100分。
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The analysis of Americans and the land from the perspective of
stylistics
This essay mainly talks about the fact that Americans who treat the nature without responsibility and mercy just like their early settlers. The author John Steinbeck, who is one of the winners of the Nobel Prize for literature, described how people pillaged the country vividly from different perspectives. He tries to express the idea that human should live with nature harmoniously.
This paper is going to do the stylistic analysis from the aspects of vocabulary, syntax and the context.
In terms of vocabulary, there exists an intimate relationship between vocabulary and stylistics. Jonathan swift defined stylistics as ”putting proper words in proper order”. Different words have different emotive tendency. In this essay, the author uses the pronoun “they”–meaning the Americans, six times, expressing his dissatisfaction of everything their ancestors have done to the continent. In the second paragraph, the word “our” is used nine times, functioning in the following two aspects. The first is to state his sorrow for the environment we has to live with has been severely polluted. The repeatedly presentation of the word empathized the effect. The second is to satirize the pillagers’ arrogancy and ignorance. These two pronouns well conveyed the idea that man should not conquer and change the environment but maintain the balance of the eco-system. He also uses the figure of personification for example ”Then the plows went in and ripped off the protection water and slow drought and the mischievous wind that roamed through the Great Central Plains.”
Sentences are the basic units of language, which have different structures. In the first paragraph, the author used parallelism to strengthen the tone and ellipsis which briefly and intensely expressed the author’s idea. The combination of parallelism and ellipsis such as “They burned “successfully exhibits how fast people destruct the environment. The figure of simile has also been used for example “they come as though” and “… as though they held”. The American treat the country as a quarry not
their home.
As to the context, the author write according to time sequence. The phrases like”after a time”and “for a good time”are used, which has displayed the history of invasion of the nature by mankind completely. The connection of pronouns stated that the essay deeply depend on the context, which give you sense that the author told you all this in front of your face.
John Steinbeck endow the words with life through the familiar use of language. The theme of protecting the environment is well presented.。