英汉互译.ppt
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英汉翻译教程第六章PPT
广告英语的翻译
• 总之，衡量广告翻译的优劣，主要看译文在多大 程度上体现了原文的宣传效果和表情、说服等功 能，多大程度上保留了原文的语言特色及神韵。 为此，翻译时选词上要力避生涩艰拗，造句上要 尽量简洁明快，修辞上要多保留原文辞格。译文 要注重整体把握，不为一词一句所限，要充分发 挥译者的主观能动性。此外，广告翻译还应充分 考虑中英两种语言间的文化差异。只有这样，才 能使译文体现原文的各项功能，为产品畅销打下 良好的基础。
商贸函电的翻译
• 下面是一份电传的主要部分及其参考译文： TKS F UR OFA BUT RGRTS UR PRICES TOO HIGH F OUR MKT， AS GDS OF JAPANESE MAKE WITH SimILAR DES R ON SALE HR AT MCH LOWER PRICES. IF U RDU UR PRICE BY 5PCT， V WL ODA 1000 SETS. PLS TAKE THIS MATTR INTO CONSIDERATION N RPL ASAP. RGDS.
商贸函电指经济贸易活动中的各类信函、电报、电传等。 其文体特征主要有： 1） 措词简洁明了。为使表达明晰，商贸函电在措词上力求 简明扼要，不太讲究修饰。 2） 用语正式庄重。正式庄重的语言常常显得诚恳、自然、 有礼貌，因此常用于商贸函电中。 3） 专业术语较多。如FOB（离岸价）、CIF （到岸价）、 settlement（理赔）、L/C（信用证）、AC（承兑）等。 4） 具有相对固定的格式。商贸函电格式相对固定，大体上 由以下六个部分组成： a. 信头（the heading） b. 信内地址（the inside address） c. 称呼（the salutation） d. 信文（the body） e. 结束语 （the complimentary close） f. 签名（the signature）
汉译英翻译技巧PPT课件
汉译英翻译技巧
Sub Title here
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一）词的翻译
• >>1.词义选择 • (1)语境词 • 例子： • 原句：手机刷新了人与人的关系。
• 译文：Cell phone have altered the
relationship among people. • 分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，
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一）词的翻译
• >>3.词的增补 • (1)语法需要 • (2)意思表达需要 • (3)文化背景解释的需要
• >>4.词的减省 • >>5.词的代替(用代词代替重复的部分)
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二)句的翻译
• >> 1）确立主干 • (1)确定主语 • 例文：这个地方比较多雨。 • 译文1：It rains a lot in this area. • 译文2：This area sees much rain. • 译文3：There is much rain in this area. • 分析：汉语主语的角度变化很少，而英语则变化
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写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
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结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
2)段落的连贯 段落的连贯(coherence)指的是内容情节的 串联，或者逻辑关系上的贯通，总得来说 就是有完整的语义关系。
Sub Title here
1
一）词的翻译
• >>1.词义选择 • (1)语境词 • 例子： • 原句：手机刷新了人与人的关系。
• 译文：Cell phone have altered the
relationship among people. • 分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，
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一）词的翻译
• >>3.词的增补 • (1)语法需要 • (2)意思表达需要 • (3)文化背景解释的需要
• >>4.词的减省 • >>5.词的代替(用代词代替重复的部分)
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二)句的翻译
• >> 1）确立主干 • (1)确定主语 • 例文：这个地方比较多雨。 • 译文1：It rains a lot in this area. • 译文2：This area sees much rain. • 译文3：There is much rain in this area. • 分析：汉语主语的角度变化很少，而英语则变化
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写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
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结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
2)段落的连贯 段落的连贯(coherence)指的是内容情节的 串联，或者逻辑关系上的贯通，总得来说 就是有完整的语义关系。
英汉互译 标识语翻译PPT
请保持整洁 Clean，Please
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请将手机调至静音 Please Mute Cellphone
限制性
请保管好您随身携带的物品 Take Care of Your Belongings
公共场所请勿喧哗 No noise in public places
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免费使用 用完放回 Put it back after free use
强制性
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禁止吸烟 No Smoking
强制性
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请勿攀爬 违者后果自负 No climbing at your own risk
强制性
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安全出口 严禁上锁 Safety Exit , Prohibited Lock
强制性
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消防通道 禁止停车 Fire lane, No parking
强制性
`
壹
指示` 性
贰 叁
管理性
广告性
指示性
设置指示性标语的目的是向公众显示各类功能信息
现刊阅` 览室 Periodicals Reading Area
管理性标语给受众发出某种警 示、限制信号以及强制性命令
壹 警示性
`
贰 限制性
叁 强制性
壹
PART.1
警 示` 性
警示性
小心地滑 Caution！Wet Floor！
限制性
配电重地 闲人勿进 Restricted Area, Staff only
请勿占位 No reservation of seats
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监控重地 闲人勿进 No admittance for monitoring important places and idle people
《英汉互译技巧》PPT课件
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h
Translate the following into Chinese
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. 总的说来，我们的社会正在逐步变成一个官僚主义管理体制 下的大型企业，其中人成为机器上的一个润滑良好的小齿轮。
但是人已变得软弱无力，没有全心全
意地投入工作，并对工作感到厌倦了。
所有这一切润滑作用却改变不了这样种的
7 状 事况实。
h
Translate the following into Chinese
玩偶？
木木偶偶？
In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
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h
Translate the following into Chinese
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; 这种润滑作用是靠 增加工资、改善厂房的 通风状况及播放轻音乐，以及通过心理学家 的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的。
第3章 英汉翻译中的词汇 翻译ppt课件
通常，个人为了买车、买房，为了获得大学奖学 金、申请信用卡或从银行贷款，都必须出具本人
的财务资料。大公司有责任向其股东、政府机构
和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。
整理版课件
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3.1.1 ……（切忌望文生义）
busboy 餐馆勤杂工(不是“公汽售票员”) busybody 爱管闲事的人(不是“大忙人”) dry goods (美)纺织品；(英)谷物(不是“干货”) heart man 换心人(不是“有心人”) mad doctor 精神病科医生(不是“发疯的医生”) eleventh hour 最后时刻(不是“十一点”) blind date (由第三者安排的)男女初次会面(并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”)
整理版课件
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3.1.2 勤查字典，注意一词多义
He is the last man to come.
他是最后来的。
He is the last man to do it.
他决不会干那件事。
He is the last person for such a job.
他最不配干这个工作。
He should be the last (man) to blame.
Review
翻译 文体 原语&译语 文化内翻译 语言内翻译 跨文化eral translation; word-for-word translation
意译 free translation
e.g. 1. It's a Smoke Free Area.
对上下文的依赖性比较小， 涵，加上词义的精确、稳定、
具有较强的独立性。
规范等，不易于受到外部环
境的影响，不易于变化。
整理版课件
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的财务资料。大公司有责任向其股东、政府机构
和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。
整理版课件
4
3.1.1 ……（切忌望文生义）
busboy 餐馆勤杂工(不是“公汽售票员”) busybody 爱管闲事的人(不是“大忙人”) dry goods (美)纺织品；(英)谷物(不是“干货”) heart man 换心人(不是“有心人”) mad doctor 精神病科医生(不是“发疯的医生”) eleventh hour 最后时刻(不是“十一点”) blind date (由第三者安排的)男女初次会面(并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”)
整理版课件
9
3.1.2 勤查字典，注意一词多义
He is the last man to come.
他是最后来的。
He is the last man to do it.
他决不会干那件事。
He is the last person for such a job.
他最不配干这个工作。
He should be the last (man) to blame.
Review
翻译 文体 原语&译语 文化内翻译 语言内翻译 跨文化eral translation; word-for-word translation
意译 free translation
e.g. 1. It's a Smoke Free Area.
对上下文的依赖性比较小， 涵，加上词义的精确、稳定、
具有较强的独立性。
规范等，不易于受到外部环
境的影响，不易于变化。
整理版课件
18
《英汉互译技巧》PPT课件
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts. 这种润滑作用是靠增加工资、改善厂房的通风状况及播放轻 音乐,以及通过心理学家的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成 的.
Translate the following into Chinese
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; 这种润滑作用是靠 增加工资、改善厂房的 通风状况及播放轻音乐, 以及通过心理学家 的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的.
Translate the following into Chinese
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "humanrelations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
Translate the following into Chinese
The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; 这种润滑作用是靠 增加工资、改善厂房的 通风状况及播放轻音乐, 以及通过心理学家 的疏导和人际关系专家的指导完成的.
Translate the following into Chinese
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "humanrelations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
英汉互译-语义翻译PPT精品文档78页
用到刺穿某人
Run a thread through an eyelet 把线穿过小孔
Run one’s head into a wall
撞南墙，碰壁
这个念头萦绕在他的脑海里
The idea runs in his mind
大街向北延伸
The street runs north
这个消息迅速在镇上传开
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Run to extremes Run the streets Run a hare Run a car Run a factory Run messages Run the water off Run oil Run to Run on
JRJ6
英汉互译
走向极端 流浪街头 追捕野兔-追查坐车不买票的人 驾驶小汽车 办工厂 送信，传信息 把水放掉 提炼石油 跑到-（数量等）达到 不停地跑-讲个不停，喋喋不休
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10) 上坟 11) 上纲 12) 上告 13) 上供 14) 上钩 15) 上光 16) 上轨道 17) 上火 18) 上进
JR1J0
英汉互译
to visit a grave to honour the
memory of the dead
to raise to the higher plane of
Contents
1 Chinese to English
英汉互译
2 3
4 English to Chinese
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JR2J1
英汉互译
Semantic Translation 语义翻译
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JRJ2
Choosing the right meaning英汉互译
在翻译过程中首先碰到的问题是选义，英语中一词 多义、汉浯中一字多义，这是常见的语言现象。一 般来讲越是常用的字和词语，越是拥有繁多的释义 和搭配。同样一个简单的字或词语,在不同的上下文 中，就可能含有不同的意义，这就需要我们依靠具 体的上文来判断某一个字或词语的意义。给我们翻 译带来很大难度的不仅是一词多义，还有词语搭配 中的虚实两用，也就是一个词的原义，或者是实义 ，以及它的引申义，或者是虚义。
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LOGO
• Translation is not the transcoding of words or sentences from one language to another, but a complex form of action, whereby someone provides information on a text (source language material) in a new situation and under changed functional, cultural and linguistic conditions, preserving formal aspects as closely as possible. (1986:33, trans.Snell-Hornby, 1990:82)
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• God created the world within six days and on the seventh, he rested from his work. He then made Adam and Eve. One generation after another, the number of humans began to increase greatly. Meanwhile, the wickedness of humankind was great. So, God destroyed the earthly things in the Great Flood except Noah and his Ark. Far after the flood, the families of Noah’s sons spread on the earth in nations. • At that time the whole earth had one language and the same words. In the land of Shinar, humans planned to build a tower. ―Come, let us build ourselves a city, and a tower with its top in the heavens.‖ However, God was not pleased with this plan. God said, ―Look, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. Come, let us go down, and confuse their language there, so that they will not understand one another’s speech.‖ So the Lord scattered them abroad from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city, the tower. That was called Babel, where God confused the language of all the earth.
（翻译是把一种语言所表达的思想用另一种语言重新表达出来的活动。）
B. Eugine Nida（尤金· 奈达, American translation theorist）： Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida & Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation)
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• • • •
More example in WIT hospital 1 Women disease 2 inner clinic 3 first disease room
(所谓翻译, 是指从语义到文体在译文中用最贴切自然的对等 语去再现原文的信息。首先是意义，其次是文体 。)
Definition
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• Translation: the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). (Catford 1965) • 翻译是用另一种语言（译语）的等值 的文本材料来替换一种语言（原语） 的文本材料。（穆雷 译1990）
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• Are these translations?
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What is translation?
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—— To write is to translate what one is thinking of or understanding.
—— As a matter of fact, guessing what other people mean is also a kind of translatislip 天天保证质量 guarantee day by day quality 南门 South Door 武汉植物园 Wuhan Zhi Wu Yuan 花径广场 Flower Way square 花卉基地 Hua Hui Ji Di 猴山 Hou Shan 注意用火安全 notice fire safety 黄鹤古肆 Ancient Market Yellow Crane 山林防火 人人有责 严禁吸烟 Everyone is responsible for preventing fires .Please don’t smoke. • 残疾人 handicapped /disabled • 闲人免进 the one who is not relevant stays away.
返回
What is translation? Translation：
An activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language
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• • • • • • • •
Movie names : The Great Gatsby ---大亨小传 Old wife for New –旧宠新欢 Salt of Earth ---社会中坚 Waterloo Bridge –魂断蓝桥 Dumb and Dumber –阿呆和阿瓜 Sailor Moon --- 月影骑士 Saving Private Ryan ---拯救大兵瑞恩、雷 霆救兵 • Casablanca 北非谍影 、 卡萨布兰卡
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Shannon
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The Principles of Idioms Translation Difficulties in Translation of Idioms
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• Cultural theorist Stuart Hall (1980) • The ―encoding/decoding‖ approach settles a dispute in communication study: meaning is not only passed on by information sender, it is also generated by information receiver.
Your practice
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• • • • • • • • •
Movie names : The Great Gatsby Old wife for New Salt of Earth Waterloo Bridge Dumb and Dumber Sailor Moon Saving Private Ryan Casablanca
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English-Chinese Translation
由NordriDesign提供
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• What are your purposes to learn translation? • What are your expectation?
Translation in the West
(翻译在西方) I. How Translation Came into Being
A. People used to speak a same language? B. How comes that there are so many languages in the world? C. Translation seemed impossible in the past, but needed in foreign exchanges. D. Writing or guessing is a kind of translating, in a broad sense.
Better • • • • • • • • • • • • 小心地滑 mind your step /Caution slippery 天天保证质量 quality guaranteed 南门 The South Gate 武汉植物园 Wuhan Botanic Garden 花径广场 flower plaza 花卉基地 Plants and floral Base 猴山 monkey hill 注意用火安全 Mind your fire 黄鹤古肆 ancient market of Yellow Crane Tower 山林防火 人人有责 严禁吸烟 no smoking 残疾人 Physically Challenged 闲人免进 staff only/No entrance