初中情态动词用法

初中情态动词用法
初中情态动词用法

初中英语情态动词用法归纳

2011-05-26 21:05:55| 分类:中考英语专项| 标签:|字号大中小订阅

情态动词有具体的词义,但也同助动词一样,需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语,另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化,情态动词后必须跟动词原形。

考点一:can,may,must 等情态动词在陈述句中的用法:

1. can 的用法:

(1).表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为―能、会‖,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may 和must 均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。(2).表示许可,常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。

(3).表示推测,意为―可能‖,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t 译为― 不可能‖。如:Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗?—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。

【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there.

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.wouldn’t

【解析】根据下文―我刚去过那儿‖可知,应为― 不可能‖,can’t 表示推测[答案] A

2. could的用法:

(1).can的过去式,意为― 能、会‖,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。

(2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)

3. may的用法:

(1).表示请求、许可,比can 正式,如:May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。

【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would

【解析】在此处表示请求,意为― 做……可以吗‖。答案:A

(2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为― 可能,或许‖,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。She may be at home. 她可能在家呢.

(3) .may的过去式为might ,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might be sick.

他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。

(4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如:May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。May you be happy! 祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功!

4. must的用法:

(1).must 表示主观看法,意为―必须、一定‖。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗?

(2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示― 一定不要‖ ―千万别‖ ―禁止, 不许‖. 如:You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。

(3)对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to .如:—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗?—No, you n eedn’t.不,你不必。

(4)must表示有把握的推测,用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着,他现在肯定在家。

注意其反意问句的构成形式:

当must表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如:She must have seen the film before,hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)

5. need的用法:

(1).need 表示需要、必须,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为―没有必要,不必‖。用need 提问时,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to。如:—Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’t /don’t have to. 不,你不必。

(2).need 还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如:I need to do it

right now. 我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。

如果是物作主语,一般用need doing 与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点:

①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如:. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。

6. dare 的用法:dare意为―敢、敢于‖, 用法近似于need,有两种词性:

(1)dare 作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,无第三人称单数形式,只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如:Dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢告诉他们所知道的情况吗?I daren’t ask her – will you do it for me? 我可不敢问她,你能帮我问问吗?

(2)dare 作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如:He doesn’t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。

注意:在口语中,dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。如:Do you dare tell her what I said?

你敢告诉她我说的话吗?I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他。

7. shall 的用法:

shall表示征求对方意见(多用于第一、三人称),如:Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗?

在英语中,我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。

(1).用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如:Let's go for a walk after supper.

(2).用“What/How about...?”来提出建议;about后接名词或动词ing形式。如:What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?

(3).用“Why not...?”来提出建议,表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是“Why don't you/we...?”的简略形式。如:Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?

(4).用“Would you like...?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如:Would you like a cup of tea?Would you like to go and see her?

因此,如果我们说:“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:Shall we go for a swim?Let's go for a swim,shall we? What about/How about going swimming?Why not go for a swim?Would you like to go for a swim?What do you think of going for a swim?

8. should的用法:

(1).should 意为―应该‖ ,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如:We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。

(2)Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如:You should have finished your homework.

你应该已经完成作业了。(事实上你没有完成。)

9. will 的用法:

will表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多种人称。如:I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空,我就会帮你。

注意:

1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。

由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原形”来表示,所以there be句型的一般将来时的形式就是there will be。(一定不能说there will have)例如:There are many students in our school. →There will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week. 一定不能说:There will have a sports meeting next week.

2、will 与be going to do sth区别:

①. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则较远一些,如:He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.

②. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.

③. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will 则没有这个意思,如:She is going to lend us her book.

He will be here in half an hour.

④.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如:If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you

10. had better 的用法:

had better 意为―最好‖,没有人称的变化,后面接不带to 的不定式,其否定形式为:had better not。如:

We had better go now. 我们最好现在就走。You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。

考点二:含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:

1.对may 引出的问句,可以有下列回答方式:Yes,you may. Yes, of course.Yes, certainly.Sure .

No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t.

2.对must引出的疑问句,回答方式为:Yes, …must. No,… needn’t/ don’t have to.

3.could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)

4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称,表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种:

Yes, please.All right.No, thank you.

5.would you…的回答方式有以下几种:Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. (No, thank you .)Yes, please.

【例题】—Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily? —________.

A.That’s right

B.With pleasure

C.It doesn’t matter

D.No trouble

【解析】A. 意为―对了‖ ,B.意为― 乐意效劳‖, C. 意为― 没关系‖ D.意为―不费事‖。答案:B

考点三:不同情态动词的否定意义也不同:

1.(1).can’t可译为―不会‖,如:I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。

(2)当句子表推测时,用can’t 表达不可能,如:He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom. 他不可能病了,他正和Tom 下棋呢。

(3)can’t 还可用来回答― May I …? ‖ 这样的问句。如:May I come in ? 我可以进来吗?No, you mustn’t. / can’t. 不,你不能。

(4)can’t 还可用于固定习语中。can’t help doing 禁不住,…情不自禁…can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待…如:She can’t help crying. 她不禁大哭起来。The children can’t wait to open the box. 孩子们迫不及待地想打开盒子。

2. may的否定式为may not,译成― 可能不‖,如:He may not be at home. 他也许不在家。

3.(1)mustn’t 表示不许,不可。如:He mustn’t leave his room. 他不许离开他的房间。You mustn’t talk in class. 你们不可以在课上说话。

(2) mustn’t 也可用于以may 表示要求时的否定回答中。如:—May I stand here? 我可以站在这里吗?—No, you mustn’t (can’t). 不,不行。

4.(1)needn’t 意为― 不必‖。如:You needn’t meet him unless you’d like to.你不需要见他,除非你愿意。

(2)needn’t + have+ 动词的过去分词,表不需要完成但已完成的动作,暗含时间或精力上的浪费。如:You needn’t have bought it. 你没必要买它(但你却买了)。

5. shouldn’t 表示不应该。如:You shouldn’t feel so unhappy over such little things. 对于这种小事,你不应该感到这么不高兴。

考点四:情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为:情态动词+ be + done (动词的过去分词)。做题时要兼顾情态动词和被动语态这两个方面。如:You needn’t get up so early every day.你不必每天都起这么早。She shouldn’t speak to her mother in that way.她不应该用那种方式和妈妈说话。More and more trees must be planted in China.在中国必须种植更多的树木。Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from us.很多星星我们都看不到,因为它们离我们太远了。

考点五: 情态动词表示推测的用法:

一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。

1、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。如:That man can't be her husbandshe is still single.

Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?

2、must表示肯定的推测,一般用于肯定句中。如:He must be in his office now.Mr Li must be working now,for the lights in his office are still on.

3、might 表示推测时不一定是may的过去时,只是表示其可能性较小。如:The man may be the headmaster.

—Where is Mr Li? —He might be working in his office. —May Mr Li come? —He might not come here.

4、Could表示推测时,语气can比要弱,说话者留有余地。如:—Could it be an animal?—It could not be,because it is not moving.

5、Should表示推测的可能性比较大,仅比must的可能性小一点。如:It is already 10 o’clock now they should be there.

二、情态动词表示对过去可能发生的动作或存在过的动作的推测性用法。

1、“must +have done/been------”表示“过去一定发生过某事或存在过某种状态”,不用于“musn’t+have-----”形式。如:She must have seen the film before,hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)

You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)

2、“should +have done /been-------”表示“本应当做某事,而实际上并没有做”;“shouldn’t+完成式”表示“本来不应当做,而实际上却做了”。以上结构常带有说话者的责备的感情色彩。如:You should have finished your homework earlier (but in fact you did not finish it on time).

You shouldn’t have gone to bed when you woke up at five (but in fact you went to bed again then).

3、“needn’t+完成式”表示“本来没有必要做某事,而实际上却做了”。如:There was plenty of time. She needn't have hurried .

4、“can’t /couldn’t+have done /been-------”表示“过去不可能发生了某事或存在过某种状态”。如:

I saw him just now. He can’t have gone to Japan.

She said the man couldn’t have stolen her car.

5、“could+have done/been-------”表示“过去本来能够,可以做某事或成为某种状态,而实际上没有”,说话者有些遗憾。“could sb. have done /been-------?”是它的问句形式。如:You could have stayed with the Smiths while you were in New York (but in fact you stayed in a nearby hotel .) Could Mr Li have helped this girl student?

6、“may/might+完成式”表示“过去可能,本来可以于某事而实际上没有干”,might的可能性较小,语气较弱。如:He may have finished reading the book. She might have given you some help,however bus she was.

【情态动词易混点归纳】

易混点一: can和be able to:

两者表示能力时用法相同,但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式,在其他时态中要用be able to 来表示。另外be able to 常常指经过努力,花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。如:Jim can’t speak English.吉姆不会说英语。He could speak English at 5. 他五岁时就会说英语。We’ll be able to see him next week.下星期我们将会见到他。He has been able to drive. 他已经会开车了。I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.我们能在中午到达山顶。

易混点二:can和may

1. can 和may 均可用来征求意见或许可,意为“可以”,一般可互换使用。如:Can/ May I help you ? 我能帮助你吗?

2. can 和may 表示可能性时的区别:

1)在肯定句中用might,may,must,不用can

2)在疑问句中表示推测用can,不用might,may,must

3) 在否定句中用can’t(不可能),不用may,must。如:She may be in the classroom . 她可能在教室里。Where can they be now? 他们现在可能在哪儿?That can’t be true. 那不可能是真的。

易混点三: may be 和maybe

用法区别常用位置

may be may为情态动词,be为动词原形句中,作谓语

maybe 副词,大概、也许,相当于perhaps 句首,作状语

例如:He may be wrong , but I’m not sure. 也许他错了,但我也不确定。

易混点四:can’t 和mustn’t

1. can’t 根据其基本用法可译为:

(1)不会。如:I can’t speak English . 我不会说英语。

(2)不能。如:We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了,我们现在干不了。

(3)否定句中表示推测。―不可能‖,如:The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.. 那个人不可能是咱们老师,他年轻得多。

2. mustn’t 意为― 禁止、不许‖,用来表达命令,表示强烈的语气。如:You mustn’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球,太危险了。

易混点五:must 和have to

1.must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to 侧重于客观上的必要,可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。如:I know

I must study hard.我知道我必须努力学习。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厉

害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend.我身上没带钱,只好向朋友借点了。He said they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。

2. have to可以用于多种时态;而must只用于一般现在或将来。如:The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期,因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。

易混点六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do…/ be used for doing sth

used to do 表示过去常常发生的动作,强调过去,只用于过去,注意用to do,不用doing形式;而be used to doing 意为“习惯做…”,be 可有各种时态;be used to do 意为“……被使用去做……,”为被动语态形式。be used for doing sth“用作……”如:My father used to eating meat.我父亲过去起床晚,但现在不得不早起了。She is used to eating meat.她习惯吃肉。He wasn’t used to eating in a restaurant.他不习惯在饭店吃饭。A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用来割东西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用来割东西)

【情态动词例题解析】

1、—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number. —Sure. Here it is.

A. Can

B. Need

C. Might

D. Must

【解析】由题干可知,本句表示请求、许可。答案:A

2、—May I go to the cinema, mum? —Certainly, but you ________ be back by 11 o’clock.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. need

【解析】由题意可知,此处并非表推测的用法,而是妈妈对孩子提出的要求,故选C, 意为― 必须‖。答案:C

3、You ______ get there by bus. A. don’t need B. needn’t to C. don’t need to D. need don’t to

【解析】由选项A 可知need 为实义动词,故应加上to 才正确。选项B needn’t为情态动词,应去掉to,故选C.

4、You _______ worry about me. It’s nothing serious. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t

【解析】由题干It’s nothing serious 可推断,第一句意为―你不必为我担心‖,故选C。本题易错选B, mustn’t 意为―禁止‖,故不正确。答案:C

5、—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Please? —Sorry, I’m not sure . But it _______ be.

A. might

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.must

解析】考查情态动词might 表推测的用法。―I’m not sure‖ 说明说话者的语气并不肯定,所以要用might。答案:A

6、The man in the office___be Mr. Black, because he went home just now.

A.mustn’t

B.may not

C.can’t

D.needn’t

【解析】由下文he went home just now 可知,作者判断办公室里那个人(不可能是Mr. Black。mustn’t 意为―千万别‖,may not 意为―可能不‖,needn’t意为―不必‖。can’t 意为不可能,故选C。

7、—Can you go surfing with us this afternoon?

—I’d like to , but I __ look after my sister at home , because my mother is ill.

A.need

B.must

C.have to

D.should

【解析】由题干my mother is ill 为客观要求可知,选C.

8、—May I take this book out of the reading room? —______. Please read it here.

A. Certainly

B.No, you needn’t

C.No, you mustn’t

D.No, you may not

【解析】May I…?的否定答语为No, you can’t/ mustn’t.;Must I …?否定答语为No,you needn’t/don’t have to.;Can I …?的否定答语为No,you can’t. 在口语交际中,要体会句子中的情感差别。答案:C

【情态动词活学巧练】

1

1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. canC. has to D. must

2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to

3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't

4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.

A. can

B. must

C. dare

D. would

5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not

2

1 —He___ be in the classroom, I think. —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.

A. can; may not

B. must; may not

C. may; can't

D. may; mustn't

2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough.

A. may not

B. must not

C. can't

D. needn't

3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult.

A. may

B. must

C. can

D. need

4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to

5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do

3

1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must

2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn'tC. don't have to D. don't need to

3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 4

1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.

A. has not to

B. don't have to

C. haven't to

D. doesn't have to

2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't

3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't

5

1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't

2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be

3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.

A. had; cut

B. had; cutted

C. have; cut

D. have; cutted

4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.

A. had better not to

B. had not better

C. had better

D. had better not

6

1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________

A. Here you are

B. Sorry, I can't

C. Yes, please

D. Let me try

2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may

3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.

A. Must; can

B. May; can

C. Need; must

D. Must; must

7

1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must

2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do

3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do

8

1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to

2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't

3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. may not

D. can't

【参考答案】

1. 1-5 A D A B B

2. 1-5 C D B C A

3. 1-3 C A A

4. 1-3 D B C

5. 1-4 C B C C

6. 1-3 B A B

7. 1-3 C C C

8. 1-3 A D B

中考英语作文写作方法指导

中考英语作文写作方法指导

中考英语作文对很多考生来说是感到头痛的,有正确的写作方法,能够帮助考生把作文写好,并且

得到较高分数。

写好英语作文要注意十字原则:“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点!”

结构:中考最流行的结构就是三段式,深受各地区中考英语写作阅卷老师的喜爱。为什么尼?因为这种结构十分清晰。“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。三段式的第一段:简单明了,开门见山,不超过2句话,如,我们想表达小强很强壮,第一段直接说XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确,这一句足矣。第二段:分2-3点说为什么他强壮。1. 每天吃10顿饭,He has ten meals everyday! 详举吃的是什么。2. 每天运动2小时,He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。第三段:经过第二段的论证,可以得出结论。但请注意,不能完全照抄第一段,要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。

如,How strong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!

要点:实际上中考英语写作就等于两个字,翻译!因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点,要求必须在文章中有所体现。文章写的再好,只要缺少要点就会扣分。所以要点,也就是文章的第二段内容,

要做到全,围绕中心。

逻辑:这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。最常用的就是表示递进的,转折的,总结的逻辑词等。递进:除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的,如first of all(首先),in addition, what's more, moreover(都是另外的意思),in a word, all in all(表示总结的)。转折:but, yet, however等。真正有经验的阅卷老师会很注意这些逻辑连接词,因为这些词体现了这个文章的思路。

语法:其他几点都不是硬性的要求,不那样做不能说是错,只能说是不好,但是语法却是硬性的。

如,单词的使用,时态等。

亮点:当我们将前八个字都做得很完美的时候也只能得到一个二等文的上。要想得到一等文,最后两个字,亮点至关重要。大家设想如果我们是阅卷老师。有两篇写人美丽的作文摆在我们面前,都是结构清晰的三段式,要点都很全,都用了一些逻辑词,都没有语法错误,但是A篇只用了beautiful,good-looking,B篇却用到了attractive,charming,catching等,我坚信正常人都会给B篇高分的。这些高级一点的词汇,词组,句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。所以,以后写英语作

要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。

只要把这十个字都搞定了,那么中考英语作文就一定能搞定!

英文作文评分标准

1. 内容完整,语句流畅,无语法错误,书写规范,给12-15分;

2. 内容较完整,语句较流畅,基本无语法错误,书写较规范,给9-11分;

3. 内容不完整,语句欠流畅,语法错误较多,书写较规范,给5-8分;

4. 只写出个别要点,语法错误较多,书写欠规范,只有个别句子可读或不知所云,给0-3分

初中 情态动词讲解分析(全)

情态动词 1. can (could) 1)表示能力,could主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至—60℃,也就是零下60℃。 He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? I’m afraid we couldn’t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。2. may (might) 1)表允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May (Might) I ask for photo your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗? 在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly.

初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳(含练习及答案)

初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳(含练习及答案) 1. can 的用法: (1).表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力.如:She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快,但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。could是can的过去式。表示过去的能力。 be able to do sth. 常常指经过努力,花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。is/am/are able to do sth was/were able to do sth. (2).表示许可,常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 (3).表示推测,可能性,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。如:Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗?—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. —No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“ 不可能”,can’t 表示推测[答案] A could的用法: (1).can的过去式,意为“ 能、会”,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 (2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you give me a hand? 你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。(用could问,不能用could答。) 2. may的用法: (1).表示请求、许可,比can 正式,如:May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 【解析】在此处表示请求,意为“ 做……可以吗”。答案:A (2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“ 可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。She may be at home. 她可能在家呢. may not 翻译为“可能不” (3) .may的过去式为might ,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might be sick. 他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如:May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。May you be happy! 祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功! 3. must的用法: (1).must 表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I finish my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗?(must引导的疑问句) 肯定回答:yes ,you must. 否定回答:No, you needn’t/ don’t have to (2) 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”. 如:You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late. 你一定不要迟到。 (3)must表示有把握的推测,用于肯定句,指百分百肯定。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着,他现在肯定在家。 (4)①must 和have to 都有”必须”的含义,但侧重点不同: must强调说话者主观(自己)的看法。 have to强调客观(外力作用)的需要,也可以翻译为“不得不”。

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解 1. can (could) 1)表示能力,could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 The temperature can fall to —60 °C , that is 60 °C below freezing. 气温可降至一60 C,也就是零下60 C。 He can't (couldn't) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? He can't (couldn't) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2. may (might) 1)表允许,might 可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗? 在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don' t ./ You' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。 They might be having a meeting, but I ' m not sure. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3. must 1)表示义务。意为“必须” (主观意志)。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustn' t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 --Must we hand in our exercise —books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗? --No, you needn' t. / No, you don' t have to. 不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn' t)2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。

初中英语情态动词讲解练习和答案解析

情态动词 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time: sometimes: “有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: “某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring. We’ll meet again sometime next week. some time: “一段时间” We have to stay here for some time. 2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如: 许多书许多牛奶 (2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿",侧重于肯定,相当于"some",但 a few修饰可数名词, a little修饰不可数名词,例如: He has a few friends in London. ---Would you like some coffee? ---Yes, just a little. (3)few和little表示"几乎没有",侧重否定。few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例 如: He is a strange man. He has few words. Hurry up, there is little time left. 【固定搭配】加-ing be busy doing sth.忙于做…… eg: Mother is busy cooking. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做…… eg: Tom l ooks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了…感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事 eg: I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours. 【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点: ⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用,即:情态动词+动词原形 表示说话人对所述动作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s (以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外)。 ⑶ 在意义上,情态动词具有“多义性”。 例:can既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允许等意义。 【情态动词的基本用法】

初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳(含练习及答案)(直接打印版)

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B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“不可能”,can’t表示推测[答案] A2. could 的用法:(1).can的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。(2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)3. may的用法:(1).表示请求、许可,比can正式,如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3?—Sure . Here you are.A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此处表示请求,意为“做……可以吗”。答案:A(2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3) .may的过去式为might,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。(4) .表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如:May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功!4. must的用法:(1).must表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.

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一、选择题 1.You should________ the teacher________being late for school. A.apology to, about B.apologize to, for C.apologies to, for D.apologize to, on 2.-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.don’t 3.— Do you think it is safe to shop online? — I think so. On Taobao, customers return goods with no questions asked,but they ______ pay delivery costs. A.can’t; can B.must; must C.can; have to D.mustn’t; can 4.—Is Wendy in the classroom now? —I’m not sure. She ________ be there. I saw her in the library ten minutes ago. A.may not B.must not C.shall not D.would not 5.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight. A.must B.may C.can’t D.needn’t 6.You______ worry about your lessons. Be careful next time and you will get a good mark. A.don’t need to B.not need C.needn’t to D.don’t need 7.---Mum, must I finish my homework today? ---No, you . Tomorrow is Sunday and you may have a rest today. A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.don’t have to 8.A: Is Jim coming by train? B: I’m not sure. He _______ drive his car. A.must B.may C.need D.should 9.—Doesn’t Frank like staying at home and looking after his little sister? —_______, but he ________ because both of his parents work. A.Yes; has to B.No; has to C.Yes; doesn’t have to D.No; doesn’t have to 10.—Have you heard about the temperature of the earth will rise to 59℃ in 2020? —Don’t worry! The news _______ be true. A.must not B.may not C.needn’t D.will not 11.The milk tastes bad. You’d better_______. A.throw it away B.to throw it away C.throw them away D.to throw them away 12.I’m sorry, children over 1.4 meters________pay the full price for the show. A.may B.must C.can D.ought to 13.He like coffee. I see him drink a cup at times.

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初中英语情态动词用法归纳 情态动词有具体的词义,但也同助动词一样,需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语,另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化,情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一:can,may,must 等情态动词在陈述句中的用法: 1. can 的用法: (1).表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may和must均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but lean 她能游.得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes我用眼睛看。 (2).表示许可,常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 (3).表示推测,意为可能”常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can'译为不可能”女口:Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?一Can it be our teacher那个人有可能是我们老师吗?一No, it can' t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the GreatlW不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】一I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go ther—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can ' t B.mustn ' t C.needn ' t D.wouldn 't 【解析】根据下文我刚去过那儿”可知,应为不可能” can'表示推测[答案]A 2. could 的用法: (1).can的过去式,意为能、会”表示过去的能力。女口:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 (2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗?一Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?一Yes, you can可以。(注意回答) 3. may 的用法: (1) .表示请求、许可,比can正式,如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now现在你可以回家了。 【例题】一______ I borrow your MP3?- Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would 【解析】在此处表示请求,意为做……可以吗”答案:A (2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow .

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