大学英文写作(刘兵编著)思维导图
学术用途英语写作课程设计
二、课程设计背景
本文所讨论的学术用途英语写作课程是针对某地方大学非英语专业以英语学习为第二学 士学位的本科在读生而设计的。他们中大多数就读于理工科专业,英语水平属中等偏上。学 习英语二学位的前提条件是需通过全国大学英语四级考试。在英语写作方面,这些学生之前 的学习经历是典型的中国大学英语写作教学模式的反映(蒋宇虹 2005; Yang et al. 2006)。 在这种以教师为中心、阅读为主导的受制于考试的教学模式中,教师将写作看成是一种从属 技能,而学生认为写作是大学英语考试中令人讨厌的部分。长期以来,在许多大学中,大学 英语写作教学通常有两种形式:一种是精读课的扩充。教师给学生布置基于其所学精读课 文主题基础之上的写作任务;而另一种更像是对四级考试写作的一种准备。教师讲解写作技
因为此学术用途英语写作课程将在计算机辅助形式下进行,在需求分析过程中,我们 也考虑了教学环境和学生的计算机操作能力。在多媒体辅助环境下学习英语是需要技术支持 的,学生须具备适当的计算机操作能力。完成一项写作任务更加依赖于资料的网上搜索或电
137
学术用途英语写作课程设计
脑键盘输入。那些没有接触过这些技术的学生可能会处于劣势,特别是对于那些来自低收入 家庭以及不发达地区的学生,这是极其敏感的问题。在先前的教学实践中,我们发现一些学 生计算机操作能力较差,阻碍了他们的学习,增加了他们语言学习的焦虑感。应该努力帮助 这些学生,让他们不至于因为技术上的障碍和经济上的困难而在学习上落后于同班学生。我 们认为教师应该努力将多媒体技术应用于课堂中,同时,社会或道德方面的因素也应给 予充分的考虑。因此,在提高学生计算机操作能力方面,如如何应用微软文字处理软件 进行写作,应该对学生进行详细的指导。另外教学内容也应包括同伴作文反馈方法以及 修改技巧。
浅析思维导图在高校英语语法教学中的应用
162020年19期总第511期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS浅析思维导图在高校英语语法教学中的应用文/王 一学中主要存在以下问题:1.英语语法教学意识过于淡薄。
语法是国内英语教学实践中不可避免的议题,直接关系到英语听说读写技能的培养(杨童瑶:2013)。
部分高校教师认为语法教学属于中学阶段知识,不该被延续到大学,加之受高校英语教学改革的影响,英语教学重点向培养学生的听、说能力方面倾斜,从而淡化了英语语法教学。
学生由于缺少明晰的英语语法知识及英汉语法对比分析,出现将母语语法结构完全移至英语中的现象,导致英语语言运用漏洞百出,对英语有效交际产生了一定障碍。
2.英语语法教学模式过于传统。
高校英语语法教学中纯灌输和讲授型教学模式已司空见惯,教师通过多次知识体系讲解加反复操练的方式进行单方的语法知识传授,授课方式缺乏互动性和实践性,忽略了学生的主观能动性。
由于英语语法知识本身具有一定的抽象性,若学生没有在学习过程中形成一个闭合整体,很难抓住语法内容的本质,造成由于英语语法授课模式单一枯燥引起的学习效率低下,学习后易遗忘等状况,“语法枯燥、语法难学”等现象无疑成了英语学习过程中的“拦路虎”。
3.教学对象语法知识薄弱。
由于中学阶段对英语语法知识掌握不够系统,大学阶段更不会系统地讲解或复习,导致部分学生英语语法知识原地踏步甚至后退。
笔者在自身大学英语教学实践中发现,部分学习者甚至出现英语语法知识接近零了解的状况,另有部分学习者虽然单词都认识,但是却读不懂英文句子或文章,均反映出其在最基础的英语句式及结构方面存在的问题。
学生语法知识薄弱还体现在CET4/ CET6考试中,选词填空及阅读理解部分失分严重,写作中时态混乱、句型结构错误等频繁出现,正确句型少之又少。
四、思维导图在高校英语语法教学中的体现笔者结合自身教学实践,对思维导图在高校英语语法教学活动中的体现有以下几点体会:1. 思维导图丰富教学模式。
思维导图利用关键词、数字、线条、颜色等不同元素呈现出不同的图形模式,具有趣味性和挑战性,能够有效地激发学生对枯燥语法知识的学习兴趣及热情。
大学英文写作 第二版 UNIT12
Definitions: A Formal Definition
General and broad, three kinds of information E.g. Term ...
Class is (a) . . .
Who Which etc.
Feature ...
Definitions: A Formal Definition
Introduction
When? When the meaning of a new and more specialized terms or objects in a writing may not be understood by readers; When there is a need to apply for a patent for a new discovery or an invention;
E.g. Term
class
feature
A thermometer is an instrument which is used for measuring the temperature of a room or a person’s body.
Definitions: A Formal Definition
Two steps in writing: to classify to specify
Definitions: A F.g. 1. A watch is a timing instrument. (“watch” is classified). 2. A watch is a timing instrument which you wear with a strap or a chain on your wrist. (“the timing instrument” is specified )
魔“方”作文——大学英文写作
魔“方”作文——大学英文写作Magic Square: A Mathematical PuzzleA magic square is a square grid filled with numbers, in a way that each row, column, and diagonal add up to the same sum. It is a mathematical puzzle that has intrigued people for centuries. The magic square originated in ancient China, and it was used for divination purposes. In this essay, we will discuss the history, structure, properties, and applications of the magic square.HistoryThe earliest surviving magic square was discovered in China, in the 3rd century BCE. The Lo Shu square is a 3x3 grid containing the numbers 1 to 9, arranged in a way that each row, column, and diagonal adds up to 15. The Lo Shu square was widely used in Chinese divination and was believed to have magical properties. The magic square was also known in India and the Middle East, where it was used for astrological and religious purposes.In Europe, the magic square was introduced in the 13th century by the Arab mathematician al-Nayrizi. The magic square gained popularity in Europe during the Renaissance, as it was considered a mathematical and intellectual challenge. The magic square was also used in religious and mystical contexts, and many books were written on the subject.StructureA magic square can be of any size, but most commonly, it is asquare grid of odd size (3x3, 5x5, 7x7, etc.). The numbers are arranged in such a way that each row, column, and diagonal adds up to the same sum, called the magic sum. The magic sum is calculated as the sum of all the numbers in the square divided by the size of the square.For example, in a 3x3 magic square, the magic sum is 15(1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9=45, 45/3=15). In a 5x5 magic square, the magic sum is 65 (1+2+3+...+25=325, 325/5=65).PropertiesA magic square has several interesting properties. First, the sum of all the numbers in a magic square is equal to the magic sum times the size of the square. For example, in a 3x3 magic square with a magic sum of 15, the sum of all the numbers is 45 (3x3x15=45). In a 5x5 magic square with a magic sum of 65, the sum of all the numbers is 325 (5x5x65=325).Second, a magic square can be rotated or reflected without changing its magic sum. In other words, all the rotations and reflections of a magic square are equivalent.Third, a magic square can be transformed into another magic square by adding or subtracting a constant from each number. This property is called the affine property of the magic square.ApplicationsThe magic square has many applications in mathematics, science,and art. In mathematics, the magic square is used to study the properties of numbers and the symmetries of geometric shapes. The magic square is also used to generate prime numbers and to solve problems in number theory.In science, the magic square is used in cryptography, where it is used to generate keys for encryption and decryption. The magic square is also used in quantum computing, where it is used to encode quantum states and to perform quantum gates.In art, the magic square is used as a decorative pattern and as a symbol of order and harmony. The magic square has been used in architecture, painting, and sculpture, as well as in literature and music.ConclusionThe magic square is a fascinating mathematical puzzle that has played an important role in the history of mathematics, science, and culture. The magic square has many interesting properties and applications and continues to be a subject of research and exploration. The magic square is a symbol of the beauty and power of mathematics and a testament to human creativity and ingenuity.The magic square is not only an intriguing mathematical puzzle, but it also has a significant cultural and artistic impact. In different cultures, the magic square has been used for divination, religious, and mystical purposes. Many ancient texts and manuscripts refer to the magic square, and it was believed to have magical powers.In China, the magic square was considered a sacred symbol of the universe's order and balance. The Lo Shu square was believed to represent the tortoise shell, and each number had a specific meaning. For example, number one represented the beginning, two represented duality, and nine represented heaven. The magic square was also used in feng shui, where it was believed to bring positive energy and good luck.In Islam, the magic square was used as a symbol of the divine order and the harmony of the universe. The Arab mathematicianal-Nayrizi wrote extensively on the magic square's properties, and his work influenced the development of algebra and arithmetic in the Islamic world.In Europe, the magic square was widely used during the Renaissance as a test of intelligence and creativity. Mathematicians, artists, and scholars explored the magic square's properties and created many beautiful and intricate designs. The magic square was also used in religious art, where it was incorporated into church decoration and stained glass windows.In contemporary art, the magic square continues to be a popular motif. Many artists have explored the magic square's properties and created new designs using computer programs and algorithms. The magic square's symmetry and balance have inspired artists to create sculptures, paintings, and installations that explore the relationship between art and mathematics.The magic square also has practical applications in modern times. In cryptography, the magic square is used to generate keys forencryption and decryption. The magic square's properties make it an ideal tool for generating random numbers, which are essential for secure communication and data transfer.In computer science, the magic square is used to test algorithms and programs. The magic square's properties make it a useful benchmark for measuring the efficiency and accuracy of different programming languages and software tools.In physics, the magic square is used in quantum computing, where it is used to encode quantum states and perform quantum gates. The magic square's affine properties make it an ideal tool for manipulating quantum states and performing quantum operations.The magic square's properties have also been explored in other areas of science, such as biology, chemistry, and social sciences. The magic square's symmetry and balance have inspired researchers to investigate the relationship between structure and function in different systems and phenomena.In conclusion, the magic square is a fascinating mathematical puzzle with a rich cultural and artistic history. The magic square's properties and applications have inspired researchers and artists for centuries and continue to be a subject of study and exploration. The magic square is a symbol of the beauty and power of mathematics and a testament to human creativity and ingenuity.。
大学英语《说明文写作》教程
• 6、叙述过程(Process Analysis)。
• 例:如何做汉堡包
• Making hamburgers is really very simple. All you need is a pound of minced beef, which you mix with the other things – salt and pepper, a teaspoon of mustard(芥末), and an egg as well. You break the egg in a bowl, and mix all the things together with a fork. When it is smooth and well-mixed, make round hamburgers from the mixture, and roll them in some flour.
精品
• Then you need a frying pan and some
oil. Fry the hamburgers on both sides
for about 15 minutes, until they are
really brown. When they are ready,
get some soft bread rolls and cut
精品
Type 2: 要求深入分析原因内容的作 文
• 先阐述图表数据所反映的问题。 • 进而筛选出有关的数据资料进行深入的
分析讨论,分析原因。 • 最后找出解决问题的方法。
精品
5、例文
• Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on Changes in People’s Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:
初中英语写作思维导图,掌握住,英语作文想不得满分都难!
初中英语写作思维导图,掌握住,英语作文想不得满分都难!一提到写英语作文,很多同学都无从下笔,总是“信手写来”,没有规划。
这样做的后果是,作文篇章结构不清晰,内容选择可能会脱离主题,从而影响作文的总体得分。
老师为了帮助大家解决这一难题,带来了英语写作思维导图,让你以后作文提笔前胸有成竹,次次稳拿满分!一、写作时需考虑哪些方面的因素?(1)本话题所需要的词块、语块。
(2)本话题的写作模板结构等。
(3)本话题所涉及到的经典名句、谚语等。
二、困惑与对策困惑1:写什么?以《How to learn well?》为题,写一篇作文,那么我们应该如何入手开始写作呢?来看看以下几张思维导图,能够帮你整理好一篇作文的写作框架。
困惑2:如何选材?即使知道了写作框架,但在补充框架时又会遇到另一个困惑:如何选材?以下是一些关于写作选材的建议:1.选定英语思维导图各区域所需的词块和语块。
2.将各区域的词块和语块按段落写成连贯的语篇。
3.对照思维导图自我批改,注意人称、时态语态、句型结构的正确使用。
困惑3:如何表达?很多学生在写作时,使用的句式比较单一,因此文章大多雷同,缺乏个性。
针对这些问题,我们可以从以下几个方面改进:1.对相同意思,注意不同句式的表达法,选择更好的句式。
2.短文写作,表达力求精悍、生动、丰富,避免重复用一样的句式。
3.特别注意使用承上启下的词语和句子。
三、思维导图在英语作文写作中的应用实例写作流程:1. 审题、理清思路:考虑写什么(挑选关键词,搭建作文框架)。
2. 选择词语:根据话题和作文框架选用所需要的语料(词块和语块)。
3. 遣词造句:根据思维导图中的语料,用合适的句型写作。
4. 语篇定稿:根据思维导图修改润色作文——紧扣主题、表达准确,关联自然,语篇流畅。
实例1:假如你有两位同学——芳芳和明明,参加了上星期二学校组织的英语演讲比赛,他们的不同表现使你深有感触。
请你根据下列表各中的内容提示写一篇英语短文。
英语 崔怀亮 苏勇 模块六
1、语言运用基本正确,语法基本符合规范,有1-2处错误
2、用词基本恰当(允许有两处错误)
3、能提出3-5个问题并用should /would /why don’t you?给出相应的建议
1、语言间或出现错误,有时意义不清,语法有3处及以上错误
2、用词有时出现错误(允许有三处到五处错误)
2、段落中表达不顺畅,有时引起误解(出现三处及以上错误)
3、段落之间衔接不通
书写
(10分)
1、书面整洁,字迹清晰
2、字体美观大方,整体感觉好
3、基本没有涂改现象
1、字迹较清晰,整体感觉尚可
2、有1-2处涂污现象。
1、字迹不清,难于辨认,行列不整,影响表达
2、有3处及以上涂污想象。
总分和评语
模块6设计单元学习评价
作者姓名
崔怀亮苏勇
任职单位
东营区一中鲁东大学
学科
英语
年级
八年级
主题单元名称
Unit2 What should I do?
单元评价方案的思维导图(说明:将单元评价方案的思维导图导出为jpeg文件粘贴在下面框内)。
评价量规:
“给班主任的一封信”英语写作评价量规
评价指标
(权重)
好
10~8
1、内容不完整,整篇文章给人以片段感
2、间或离题,有些内容不太符合提出问题和给出建议的要求
3、内容健康;提出问题和给出建议不太符合中学生的身份特征语言运用Fra bibliotek(30分)
1、语言运用准确无误,语法结构完整正确
2、遣词造句得体恰当
3、能提出5个问题并正确运用should /would/why don’t you?给出相应的建议
《2020届专插本英语考点思维导图总览+作文模板》
前言在备考专插本英语的过程中,你是否遇见过这样的问题:语法混乱,老师讲题都懂,自己做题却特别容易犯错。
出现这样的问题,很多同学很疑惑,其实,关键点在于你自己在学习的过程中,没有理清楚知识点,按照整齐、有逻辑的方式将他们在你的脑子里给排序;大部分同学在做题的时候一味的凭语感,很少分析考点是什么。
这种问题解决方式很简单,就是通过思维导图来理清楚这些;在做题时,你就能快速、清晰地判断考官考察的是思维导图中的哪一个知识点,结合自己对知识点的理解快速解题。
启航专插本英语学科教研组针对2020年广东省专插本考试,特别编写了这一份《2020届启航专插本英语考点思维导图总览+作文模板》。
这份资料的使用方式如下:1、对于大一大二刚开始备考的同学,可以通过这一份思维导图全面的了解专插本英语的考点,做好接下来的复习计划。
2、对于即将参加2020年专插本考试的同学,应当好好利用这本工具书。
第一遍:结合这本书中的考点,按顺序梳理、理解一遍所有的考点,这一遍重点是理解,对于记忆的要求不高。
(如果自学理解有难度,可以结合启航的系统性备考课程进行理解复习)第二遍:刷题时放在旁边作为工具书查阅使用。
备考必不可少的一个过程就是刷题,刷题不仅仅是做题,也是一个帮你理解考点、记忆知识点的方式。
所以,同学们在刷题时,每做一道题,都对应的在思维导图上找到相应的考点。
这一遍的重点是通过大量的习题,做到能够快速找出考点,并且识记所有考点。
(刷题资料可使用启航专插本出品的《历年真题集》、《题源1977》以及《应试宝典》)第三遍:冲刺阶段使用这本书,作为查漏补缺的工具。
冲刺阶段时间有限,我们已经没有时间再去翻查厚厚的教材了,这一阶段可以通过这一本书定期检测自己,检测自己是否有已经遗忘的知识需要复习的,或者是做题中遇到那个知识点还不熟悉的。
3、对于写作文能力比较差的同学,可以在考前对本书中给出的作文模板进行默写,在考试中结合模板进行内容的补充,尽可能拿多一些分数。
思维导图对英语专业学生应用文体写作的指导
- 28-校园英语 / 高等教育研究思维导图对英语专业学生应用文体写作的指导陕西中医药大学外语学院/韩丽【摘要】思维导图是以形象地图式,将人类放射性的思维具体化、直观化,它可以增强记忆力和创造力。
本文在分析英语专业学生应用文体写作水平的基础之上,利用思维导图理论,提出提升英语专业学生写作水平的方法和建议,以期激发学生的写作热情,及语言的实际应用能力。
【关键词】思维导图 英语写作 英语专业学生一、英语专业学生应用文体写作水平现状概述英语应用文写作是大学院校为英语专业学生开设的一门专业基础、专业技能训练课。
它通过讲解个人信函、商务书信、留学求职等实用信函的写法,旨在帮助学生熟悉各种英语应用文体,掌握常见的应用文写作方法,提高学生的英语写作技能。
它要求学生能够使用语法正确、句子通顺、结构完整的英语表达思想,更重要的是要从中西文化差异、思维方式差异和表达习惯差异的角度出发,学会针对不同对象和目标,运用不同的语言达到交际和沟通的目的。
经过系统的学习,学生要掌握常用英语应用文的基本格式,能熟练地运用英语进行商务书信往来,撰写通知、便条等,做到格式规范,条理清晰、语言通顺,它能反映学生的语言运用能力。
然而,在传统的英语写作教学模式下,我国大多数英语专业学生深受汉语思维的影响,写出的英文句子逻辑松散、多意合表达、趋于模板化,英语写作状况不容乐观。
学生除了在文章结构、逻辑等方面存在问题外,在句法、词法等方面也普遍存在问题。
二、思维导图指导英文写作的理论依据思维导图(mind mapping)最早是由英国学者东尼·巴赞在2 0世纪60年代提出,它认为要充分利用学习者左右脑的潜能,开发个体的放射性思考能力和多感官学习特性。
放射性思考是人类与生俱来的自然思考方式,任何进入大脑的想法、生成的感觉和记忆,不管是以文字,还是符号的形式出现,在思维导图中都可以形成一个思考的中心,并由此发散出成千上万的节点,而每一个节点都可以成为一个主题,并发散出自己的分支节点,从而帮助学习者构成一个网状联结,由一个节点联想到另一个节点,记忆自然而然发生,并在节点扩散的过程之中学习者的创造力由此产生,进而使学习变得轻松有趣。
英语写作技巧总结ppt
Repetition of ideas or information can make writing tedious and boring Instant, strong for diversity and use synonyms or rephrase ideas to avoid repetition
Flexibly use sense structures such as inversion and emphasis
Inversion
This technique involves reversing the normal word order in a sense to create a more empirical or stylistic effect For example: "Only after dark did he venture out."
fusion or misinterpretation
Advisor the context and audience when choosing words to ensure they are appropriate and effective
Proper use of phases and periods
Familiarize yourself with common phrases and periods to enhance your writing style
Use phrases and periods appropriately to add color and interest to your writing
In today's globalized world, the ability to communicate clearly and effectively in English is increasingly important for success in a wide range of fields
