【英语】初三英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析

【英语】初三英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析

一、阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）.

In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.

Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time!

（1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean?

A. The father who has several children.

B. The man who loves science and inventions.

C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction.

D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.

（2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?

A. The plays he wrote for the theater.

B. The encouragement from his father.

C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.

D. The scientific subjects in his stories.

（3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century?

A. Because his books made him rich and famous.

B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.

C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies.

D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions.

（4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?

A. Five Weeks in a Balloon.

B. Around the World in Eighty Days.

C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth.

D. From the Earth to the Moon.

（5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. The space flight Verne described was different from others.

B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time.

C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century.

D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。

（1）词语理解题。根据短语the father of science fiction 科幻小说之父。可知，Jules Verne 被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories”可知故事Five Weeks in a Balloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句由文中 In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. 可知在19世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。故选B。

（5）理解判断题。根据文中的语句Verne's writing included many predictions （预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言，其中许多预言都实现了，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

2．阅读理解

Wonder what it is like to be a chef（厨师）? This weekend you will have your chance to find out. Two local chefs, Monica Sallier and Andrew Gleason, will hold an "open kitchen" at their restaurants this Saturday.

Monica's restaurant, The Blue Hen, is small but comfortable. Wooden tables and chairs cover the dining area, and sweet music is always on. "I like to laugh and always tell jokes while I cook," Monica said. "Cooking brings people together. The cooks who work with me have become my best friends."

At Monica's "open kitchen", she plans to teach her guests how to prepare country-style fried chicken. For it, she will use her family's secret spice（香料）. She learned how to make it from her father. Monica seldom uses a measuring cup（量杯）when cooking. By doing so, she hopes to offer her guests a special dining experience. "If you come to my restaurant, you'll never get the same dish twice, "she said.

Also opening his kitchen this Saturday in Shreveport is Andrew Gleason. He is the head chef at Quarter Bistro. "I am not the most talkative chef in the business," Andrew said. "Mostly because I prefer to give my full attention to the food. Every ingredient（食材）must be carefully measured. "

Andrew's food also makes the dining experience special. He makes every dish look like a piece of art. At his "open kitchen", Andrew plans to teach his visitors how to prepare blackened catfish, a dish of his that has won much praise throughout the city.

（1）While Monica is cooking, she ____.

A. is never quiet

B. seldom uses spice

C. sometimes sits on a wooden chair

D. always listens to her favorite songs

（2）At Andrew's "open kitchen", he will ____.

A. invite Monica to try his dish

B. work with another head chef

C. tell lots of jokes while cooking

D. cook one much-praised dish

（3）What do Monica and Andrew have in common?

A. They work in the same restaurant.

B. They both like using measuring cups.

C. They graduated from the same cooking school.

D. They both let guests have a special dining experience.

（4）The passage is probably from ____.

A. a city newspaper

B. a restaurant notice

C. a cookbook

D. a chef's diary

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述本周六，两位当地厨师莫妮卡·萨利尔和安德鲁·格里森将在他们的餐厅举行开放式厨房活动。

（1）推理题。根据I like to laugh and always tell jokes while I cook我喜欢笑，做饭时总是讲笑话可知莫妮卡做饭时，她从不安静，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据Andrew plans to teach his visitors how to prepare blackened catfish, a dish of his that has won much praise throughout the city安德鲁计划教他的游客如何准备熏制鲶鱼，这是他的一道菜，在全城广受好评可知在安德鲁的“开放式厨房”，他会做一道备受称赞的菜，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 she hopes to offer her guests a special dining experience她希望为客人提供一种特殊的用餐体验和Andrew's food also makes the dining experience special安德鲁的食物也让用餐体验与众不同可知，莫妮卡和安德鲁的共同点是他们都让客人有一个特殊的用餐体验，故选D。

（4）推理题。根据本文讲述本周六，两位当地厨师莫妮卡·萨利尔和安德鲁·格里森将在他们的餐厅举行开放式厨房活动，可知这是新闻报道，故本文来自城市报纸，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

3．阅读理解

As far back as he could remember, Larry had wanted to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man's hopes for success were broken again and again. However, Hollywood was just everything to him. When he first came to California? Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. "Some day," he told himself, "my big chance would come."

Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurants. His pay was low, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture.

Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. "Excuse me, sir, but I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me." Instead of pushing away the boy, the director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. "Come and see me tomorrow."

Larry got a small part in the director's next film. He was on his way!

（1）It's clear that Larry's job—parking cars ________.

A. helped him make a lot of money

B. brought him the hope to be a film star

C. made him fail again and again in getting into Hollywood

D. gave him few chances to meet stars

（2）The film director asked Larry to meet him the next day because _______.

A. he needed a driver very much

B. Larry would become a star

C. some big companies would give him a job

D. Larry expressed his hope in a wise way

（3）We can learn from the story that _______.

A. the film director knew Larry's hard experience before

B. Larry managed to be a part in the new film

C. the job parking cars could bring young people everything

D. the new film was not so important for the director

（4）"He was on his Way" refers to the fact that _______.

A. he gave up and returned home

B. he began to work towards success

C. he drove the director's car to Hollywood

D. he had a long way to go to be in the film

（5）The story mainly wants to tell us _______.

A. it was hard for Larry, to find a job in a restaurant in Hollywood

B. Larry was so lucky to meet the director in the parking lot

C. why Larry could remember many things before

D. how Larry succeeded- in his new life in Hollywood

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事。

（1）推理题。根据Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurant 拉里找到了一份工作——在好莱坞的一家大餐馆停车One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture一天，他认出了一位重要的电影导演，他开车进了停车场，下了车。拉里最近听说这个人准备拍一张新照片可知，很明显拉里停车的工作是给他带来了成为电影明星的希望，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me."我想告诉你现在或者永远都不会是你想让我出现在你的下一张照片里才是公平的。许多大公司都在追我可知，电影导演让拉里第二天见他，因为拉里以明智的方式表达了他的希望，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Larry got a small part in the director's next film可知，拉里设法在这部新电影中扮演了一个角色，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据拉里在导演的下一部电影中扮演了一个小角色可知，He was on his Way是他开始走向成功，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事可知本文讲述拉里是如何成功的——在好莱坞的新生活中，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

C

Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工）

Mr. Swal es wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman!”

Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She felt her face turn red.

“Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodie’s father.”

Jodie’s father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time.

Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?”

Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.”

The place really smell too good. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes you won’t smell a thing.” said her father.

Eve rybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck.

It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy.

“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman so much.”

Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!”

Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!”

（1）What happened in My Swale’s class?

A. He wanted to show what job was the most useful.

B. He asked an improper question.

C. Jodie gave an honest answer.

D. Jodie was laughed at.

（2）Why did Jodie’s father take he r to his workplace?

A. To make Jodie calm down

B. To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn about his job.

C. To help Jodie learn about his job.

D. To keep Jodie away from her classmates.

（3）Jodie gave her father a big kiss mainly because ______.

A. he was kind

B. he was unselfish（无私的）

C. he was cheerful

D. he is hard-working （4）How does Jodie feel about her father now?

A. Sad

B. Curious

C. Guilty（有罪的）

D. Proud

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二、三句He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s daddy is a garbage man!可知，当同学们知道Jodie的爸爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy.可知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪的；故选D。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, "Every grain on the plate comes from hard work（谁知盘中餐, 粒粒皆辛苦）."But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines：Don't waste food.

A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.

Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover（剩余的）food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food.

What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips：

Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.

Don't be too picky（挑剔的）about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.

Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.

（1）According to News One Plus One, Chinese people .

A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year

B. throw away lots of food every year

C. get enough food to feed millions of people every year

D. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year

（2）In the third paragraph, we know that .

A. we have too much food to feed people in the world

B. there were 925 million people in developing countries

C. because of hunger, 6 million children die every year

D. there are only a few people getting hungry every year

（3）From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude（得出结论）that .

A. all Chinese people are generous

B. Chinese people always waste food

C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food

D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food

（4）What's the main topic of the passage?

A. Don't waste food.

B. Many people die of hunger.

C. Don't be picky about food.

D. Eat all the food you order.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。

（1）细节题。根据A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.可知央视节目《新闻一加一》报道说，中国人每年扔掉的食物足以养活一年2亿人，即中国人每年扔掉许多食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.可知2010年，全世界有9.25亿饥饿人口，特别是发展中国家，每年有600万儿童死于饥饿。故选C。

（3）推断题。根据Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.可知人们已经意识到节约食物的重要性，所以每个人应该养成节约食物的习惯，故选D。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。即不要浪费食物，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Wang Yan, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, likes eating snacks very much. She prefers cream biscuits, McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken. As a result, she has become overweight.

Today in China, there are many children like Wang Yan. Health experts say children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat regular meals and begin with a healthy breakfast. Second, they should have different kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. Third, children shouldn't eat too much junk food. It is delicious, but eating it often is bad for their health. If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study hard.（1）Why has Wang Yan become overweight?

A. Because she doesn't like sports.

B. Because she likes eating vegetables.

C. Because she likes eating snacks.

D. Because she likes eating fruit.

（2）How many pieces of advice do the health experts give in this passage?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

（3）What kinds of food are good for our health according to the passage?

A. Milk, fruit and KFC chicken.

B. Cream biscuits, McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken.

C. Packages of biscuits.

D. Fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat.

（4）If we do as the experts say, we will be .

A. overweight

B. healthier

C. tired at school

D. confident

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】中国女孩王艳非常喜欢吃小吃，她更喜欢奶油饼干、麦当劳食品、肯德基鸡肉，结果她变的超重。健康专家建议孩子们应该有健康的饮食习惯，并提出了三点建议。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段She prefers cream biscuits,McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken. 可知，王艳变胖的原因是她吃了很多零食、汉堡和炸鸡。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段First…… Second ……Third…… 可知，专家给了三条建议：1．一日三餐有规律并且吃健康的早餐，2．吃各种各样的食物，3．不吃太多的垃圾食品。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据they should have different kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. 可知，水果、蔬菜、粮食、鸡蛋、牛奶和肉但是健康食品。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据 If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier，可知，听专家的话我们就会更健康。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意仔细阅读，从文中寻找答案，推理判断题需要根据短文内容介绍，并联系上下文，推出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解

What problems do the teenagers probably have? Here is a survey showing their main problems. Problems Causes Advice

Feeling stressed Too much homework. Don't

have enough time for their

hobbies.

Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find

time to relax as possible as you can.

Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad

reading and writing habits.

Do the homework or reading in a correct

way.

Fights Don't know how to get on well Make more friends and understand each

with classmates.

other. Share your problems with them. Feeling tired of study

Computer games’ bad influence. Don't be crazy about computer games. Play them just for a short time when you are tired. Getting fat Having more pocket money to buy snacks. Dislike doing exercise.

Use your pocket money to do something

meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise

every day. A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.

（2）What problems are caused by too much homework?

A. Feeling stressed and fights.

B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat.

C. Feeling stressed and getting short- sighted.

D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.

（3）If Simon is feeling stressed, he should ________________.

A. do much more homework

B. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbies

C. donate his pocket money to Project Hope

D. buy some snacks

（4）Peter is feeling tired of study, maybe because he.

A. has no close friends

B. has no pocket money

C. plays too many computer games

D. gets fatter and fatter

（5）________________ is a good way for the teenagers to stop fights.

A. Doing less homework

B. Playing computer games

C. Learning how to make friends

D. Paying no attention to each other

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了青少年有的主要问题、起因及建议。

（1）细节题。根据表格Feeling stressed 、Getting shortsighted 、Fights 、Feeling tired of study 、Getting fat ，可知一共5个问题，故选B 。

（2）细节题。根据表格第一个Feeling stressed Too much homework.和第二个Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业导致有压力和近视，故选C 。

（3）细节题。根据表格第一个Make a plan for study and hobbies.可知建议是为学习和爱好制定计划，故选B 。

（4）细节题。根据表格第四个Computer games’ bad influence.可知电脑游戏的坏影响会让学生厌倦学习，故选C 。

（5）细节题。根据表格第三个Don't know how to get on well with classmates.可知不知道怎样和同学相处是打架的原因，所以学习怎样交朋友是阻止打架的好方式，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

Want to enjoy some extreme sports（极限运动）? Here are a small number of the extreme sport clubs across universities in the UK.

Octopush（水中曲棍球）

Oxford, York. Aberdeen and Warwick are only some of the

universities that offer this rather unusual sport. Anyone who is

able to swim can play. It is played by two teams of six players.

Everyone wears a mask and carries a small wooden stick.

Skiing and snowboarding

Nearly every university in the UK has a skiing and snowboarding

club. For example, Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham

University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members.

They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take

part in competitions.

Skateboarding

Warwick University is home to the Longboarding Club. A

longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard

and has a wider wheel base. Instead of offering club T-shirts, the

Longboarding Club lets members have their personal socks.

BASE jumping

The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping. In BASE jumping,

players jump from fixed objects and use a parachute（降落

伞）to break their fall. They go on weekly trips to Skydive

Hibaldstow.

_________________.

A. ski

B. swim

C. skate

D. skydive

（2）How many members are there in Brumski &. Board Club?

A. About 30.

B. About 300.

C. About 50.

D. About 500.（3）A usual skateboard is _________________than a longboard.

A. shorter

B. longer

C. wider

D. bigger

（4）Which university offers BASE jumping?

A. Oxford.

B. York.

C. Lincoln.

D. Warwick.

（5）According to the passage, which of the following is the most common sport in UK

universities?

A. Octopush.

B. Snowboarding.

C. Skateboarding.

D. BASE jumping.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。

（1）细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍 Anyone who is able to swim can play可知如果一个学生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members 布鲁姆斯基8和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了30年，可知大约有500名成员，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard 长板比普通滑板长两到三英尺可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping 可知Lincoln 提供基础跳跃，故选C。

（5）推理题。根据They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take part in competitions他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛可知滑雪板运动是英国大学最常见的运动，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

9．阅读理解

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of the eighth month of lunar calendar. A few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful. Lanterns will be hung in front of the house.

On the evening of the festival there will be a big family dinner. People who work far away from their homes will try to come back for the reunion （团聚）. After dinner, people will light the lanterns which are usually bright and round. Children will play with their own toy lanterns happily.

At night the moon is usually round and bright. People can enjoy the moon while eating mooncakes which are the special food for this festival.

Father's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June in the US and the UK. Sonora Smart Dodd, a loving daughter from Spokane, had the good idea that society must celebrate a day to honour fathers, because they make important contributions to the raising of children.

People celebrate the festival by honouring their fathers and expressing love to them by giving popular gifts like cards, flowers, chocolate and ties. Little children often give handmade gifts to their dads.

（1）What will people do before the Mid- Autumn Festival?

A. Light the lanterns.

B. Have a big family dinner.

C. Clean their houses and hang the lanterns.

D. Enjoy the moon.

（2）What does the moon usually look like on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival?

A. Red and round.

B. Round and bright.

C. Red and bright.

D. Red and small.（3）When is Father's Day in the US?

A. On the third Sunday of June.

B. On the second Sunday of June.

C. On the third Saturday of June.

D. On the second Saturday of June.

（4）Who came up with the idea of celebrating Father's Day?

A. Some little children.

B. A father.

C. Sonora Smart Dodd.

D. A loving son.（5）Why did people set up Father's Day to honour fathers?

A. Because fathers want to get together with their children.

B. Because fathers express great love to their children.

C. Because fathers give popular gifts to their children,

D. Because fathers make contributions to the raising of children.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国重要的节日——中秋节。

（1）细节题。根据A few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful. Lanterns will be hung in front of the house.可知在中秋节前人们帮助打扫房子和挂灯笼，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据At night the moon is usually round and bright.可知月亮是圆的和明亮的，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Father's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June in the US and the UK.可知在美国和英国父亲节在六月的第三个星期天，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据Sonora Smart Dodd, a loving daughter from Spokane, had the good idea that society must celebrate a day to honour father可知Sonora Smart Dodd提出庆祝父亲节的主意，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据because they make important contributions to the raising of children.可知因为他们为养育孩子做出了重要贡献。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读理解

For most people in the West, Valentine's Day（情人节）ends on February 15, but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15. March 14-exactly one month after Valentine's Day--is White Day in Japan.

To really understand what White Day is all about, you have to understand what Valentine's Day in Japan is like. Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Japanese women are usually too shy to show their love, though it might not be true today. Valentine's Day is a great

chance to let women show their feelings. Men should return gifts to women on White Day.

On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice. More often, the colour of the chocolate is white because of the name of the day. You can also buy flowers, candy or cookies.

Does it sound good to you? Don't get too excited when you get chocolate from Japanese girls! They give chocolate not only to their loved ones, but also to men such as bosses（老板） and male（男性的） friends.

The Japanese first celebrated White Day in 1978. Now it is also celebrated in South Korea and Taiwan, China.

（1）In Japan, Valentine's Day ends on ________________.

A. February 14

B. February 15

C. March 14

D. March 15（2）What's the most common White Day gift?

A. White chocolate.

B. Flowers.

C. Candy.

D. Cookies.（3）What can we learn from the passage?

A. White Day has a history of 100 years.

B. White Day is all about women getting gifts.

C. People all over the world celebrate White Day.

D. On White Day girls only give gifts to their boyfriends.

（4）What's the best title for the passage?

A. The history of Valentine's Day

B. Valentine's Day

C. How to celebrate White Day

D. White Day in Japan

（5）The writer of this passage may be from ________________.

A. Japan

B. China

C. America

D. South Korea

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了日本的白色情人节。

（1）细节题。根据but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15.可知日本情人节直到3月15日结束，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice.可知巧克力是礼物的选择，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings.Men should return gifts to women on White Day.可知日本的白色情人节是关于男士得到礼物，并且男士把礼物归还给女士，故选B。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了日本的白色情人节，故选D。

（5）推断题。根据全文可知主要讲了主要讲了日本的白色情人节，所以作者可能来自日本，即Japan，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了

解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins （替身）, just as movie stars do. "When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing," explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. "Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting（拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer （喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot."

Shooting food outdoors has special problems. "I'm always worrying about flies or worms （虫） coming up the glass," Webber explains. "I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food." Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的）, because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.

（1）According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed .

A. appear on sets（舞台）

B. need stand-ins

C. look better in soft light

D. all of the above

（2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been .

A. sprayed some water

B. kept warm

C. salted properly

D. cooked thoroughly （3）As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions .

A. lighting

B. worms

C. wind

D. both A and B

（4）Webber is afraid that dogs might .

A. bark while he is shooting

B. get into his pictures

C. steal the food

D. upset （打翻） his camera

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段And when I'm shooting（拍摄）something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器）of water to spray（喷洒）them with dew（水珠）just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫）coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，

可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

12．阅读理解

These days haze（雾霾）is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.

Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO2, from going into the atmosphere.

Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's emissions by half.

What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.

A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.

（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze?

A. City cleaners.

B. Haze producers.

C. Local governments.

D. Common people.（2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer thinks .

A. cars can be used only when people have to

B. cars should be given up as soon as possible

C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution

D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all

（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because .

A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy

B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet

C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced

D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air

（4）Which can be the best title for the passage?

A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us

B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze

C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life

D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。

（1）细节题。结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此，作者认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用，故选D。

（2）推断题。由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，故选A。

（3）细节题。结合第五段第一句A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物质，进而污染空气。C项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”，符合题意，故选C。

（4）主旨题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。

13．阅读理解

A small robot may help children who are ill in hospital or at home. These children may feel lonely without their friends or classmates. The robot takes their places at school. Through the robot, the children can hear their teachers and friends.

The robot is called AV1. A Norwegian company called No Isolation created the robot. Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works. She says from home, children use a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then they use the same device to control the robot's movements. At school, the robot becomes their eyes, ears and voice.

"So, it sits at the child's desk in the classroom and the child uses a tablet or a phone to start it and control its movements and talks through it. So it's the eyes, the ears and the voice at school." The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras that make communication easy. AV1 is large and looks like a human for a reason. Dolva says this is important because the robot is supposed to be a friend of the children. "It can't be just a tiny camera because the other kids can't pick it up and take it with them. This is supposed to be their friend." And robots are, quite

simply, cool. Hopefully AV1 will help some children feel less lonely while they are not in class.（1）The children can do the following things EXCEPT __________ through the robot.

A. hearing the teachers

B. talking with their friends

C. doing their homework

D. listening to music

（2）The underlined phrase "is equipped with" in Paragraph 3 has the same meaning as"__________".

A. repairs

B. has

C. enjoys

D. plays

（3）What's the best title for the passage?

A. A new robot helps children feel less lonely

B. How to make yourself feel less lonely

C. A Norwegian company

D. How to use a robot

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了挪威一家名为“无隔离”的公司发明的叫AV1机器人。他它可以帮助医院里生病的孩子，免除孩子们的孤独。

（1）细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，孩子们可以用这个机器人听音乐，跟朋友谈话，听老师说话，但是不能做作业，故答案是C。

（2）词义猜测题， is equipped with 是被用……装备的意思，因此它就具有了这些东西，因此是拥有的意思，，故答案是B。

（3）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，本文介绍了一种帮孩子们减少孤独的机器人，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要结合具体语境，推出未知单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。

14．阅读理解

This August, we'll welcome guests from all over the world. Some of them follow their own special cultural traditions. It's important for us to know about them.

In many countries, such as Thailand, India and Malaysia, people believe that the left hand is unclean. So, it's not proper to use one's left hand to hold food, touch others or pass objects. Doing so may offend some guests.

Some Westerners may be offended if you touch them or their personal things-even by accident. If this happens, say sorry politely.

Some elderly Westerners may be offended if you try to help them without their agreement.

People think numbers can be lucky or unlucky. Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky.

Muslims（穆斯林）do not eat pork, and words like pigs are not considered proper.

People from Brazil, Italy and Pakistan do not give handkerchiefs（手帕）as gifts. They believe a handkerchief is closely connected with unhappy feelings.

Wine is not sent as a gift in many parts of western and middle Asia, where most Muslims live. （1）Indians don't hold food with the left hand because they consider it _____.

A. unclean

B. useless

C. valueless

D. unimportant

（2）The word "offend" in the second paragraph might mean"______".

A. honor

B. help

C. hate

D. hurt

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People from Pakistan like to send handkerchiefs as gifts.

B. All the elderly people in the West like being helped by others.

C. The number 13 is thought to be unlucky by some Westerners.

D. Westerners do not mind their personal things being touched.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. lucky numbers.

B. Traditional food.

C. Culture differences.

D. Hands and handkerchiefs.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了世界各地的独特的文化传统。

（1）细节题。根据In many countries, such as Thailand, India and Malaysia, people believe that the left hand is unclean可知，印度人不会用左手拿食物，因为他们认为食物不干净，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据So, it's not proper to use one's left hand to hold food, touch others or pass objects所以，用左手拿食物、触摸别人或传递物品是不合适的，可知offend，冒犯，故是hurt，伤害的意思，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky 可知，一些西方人认为数字13不吉利正确，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了世界各地的独特的文化传统，可知 Culture differences文化差异是合适的标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤

独） over the next few days. "Why didn't anyone say 'hi' to me or invite me to his or her lunch table? Is it because of my clothes or my hair?" she wondered. Almost every day during the first week, Anna stayed alone, thinking that there must have been something wrong with her or that nobody saw her at all!

What caused Anna's problem? The reason was that nobody knew her. Most people don't like talking with strangers. So it's your job to volunteer to make contact with people who you want to know. The easiest way to catch their attention is to notice them first. Make eye contact with them, and smile at them. When you smile at them, you are doing your best to show your kindness to them, and they are sure to understand that you are saying, "Hey, how's everything going?" In this way, you are taking the first step towards the road to friendship.

When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.

In fact, saying "hi" or making friends with strangers is not hard. And the joy it brings you is really great. So try to open your heart to strangers!

（1）Which of the following shows the change in Anna's feelings?

A. excited→afraid→lonely→happy

B. happy→lonely→sad→proud

C. afraid→relaxed→nervous→happy

D. nervous→angry→happy→sad

（2）The underlined word "contact" in Paragraph 2 means .

A. agree

B. greet

C. praise

D. communicate

（3）According to the writer's opinion, which is the easiest way to catch others' attention?

A. Doing something for them.

B. Making yourself cool.

C. Noticing them first.

D. Talking to them.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Loneliness is a common problem these days.

B. Teenagers can't get along well with each other.

C. Opening our heart to strangers can help us get friends.

D. It's hard to take the first step towards the road to friendship.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：实例告诉我们在新环境下，怎样改变我们的孤独感。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤独） over the next few days.以及When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.可知，Anna的心情变化是激动，担心，孤独与开心，故选