句子成分句型分析.ppt
合集下载
高中英语句子成分基本句型公开课ppt课件

(三)宾语object
宾语:动作的接受者,一般在谓 语后面.由名词,代词,介词短语,非 谓语及从句充当。
●I like my job. ●I love you.
●He wanted to leave here. ●They enjoyed playing computer
games. ●He asked where he was.
• To see is to believe. 动词不定式
• Smoking is bad for health. 动名词
•
The young should respect the old.
the + 形容词
• What he has said is true. 句子
(一) 挑出下列句中的主语
1.The students got on the school bus. 2.His job is to train swimmers. 3.We often speak English in class. 4.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 5.It is necessary to master a foreign
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.
直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●Please pass me the book.
●He bought me some flowers.
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn’t done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want
句子结构课件ppt

语态
根据从句表达内容确定使用主动语态或被动语态。当强调动 作执行者时,使用主动语态;当强调动作承受者或不知道动 作执行者时,使用被动语态。
05
CATALOGUE
定语从句在句子中运用
关系代词引导定语从句
关系代词的作用
关系代词在定语从句中充 当主语、宾语或表语,引 导定语从句修饰先行词。
常见的关系代词
同位语从句
对前面的名词进行进一步解释、补充 说明名词的具体内容,如“We heard the news that our team had won.” (我们听到消息说我们队赢了。)
名词性从句时态和语态
时态
根据主句时态和从句表达内容确定从句时态。主句为一般现 在时,从句可根据需要使用任何时态;主句为过去时,从句 需使用过去的相应时态。
句子分类
根据句子的语气分出来来的叫句类;根据句子的结构分出来的叫句型。句型分单句和复句两类;单句又分为非主 谓句和主谓句两类。
句子成分概述
• 句子的组成成分叫句子成分,也叫句法成分。在句子中,词与 词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为 不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。汉语: 现代汉语 里一般的句子成分有八种,即主语、谓语、宾语、动语,定语 、状语,补语和中心语。 英语:句子的组成部分,包括主语、 谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语八种。
由动词、形容词、谓词性短语或句 子充当,表示动作、行为或性质、 状态。
主语表示已知信息
主语通常位于句首,是句子的出发 点,表示已知信息,是读者或听者 已经了解或可以推断出来的信息。
谓语动词形式变化
时态变化
语气变化
谓语动词随着时间的变化而变化,包 括现在时、过去时和将来时等。
根据从句表达内容确定使用主动语态或被动语态。当强调动 作执行者时,使用主动语态;当强调动作承受者或不知道动 作执行者时,使用被动语态。
05
CATALOGUE
定语从句在句子中运用
关系代词引导定语从句
关系代词的作用
关系代词在定语从句中充 当主语、宾语或表语,引 导定语从句修饰先行词。
常见的关系代词
同位语从句
对前面的名词进行进一步解释、补充 说明名词的具体内容,如“We heard the news that our team had won.” (我们听到消息说我们队赢了。)
名词性从句时态和语态
时态
根据主句时态和从句表达内容确定从句时态。主句为一般现 在时,从句可根据需要使用任何时态;主句为过去时,从句 需使用过去的相应时态。
句子分类
根据句子的语气分出来来的叫句类;根据句子的结构分出来的叫句型。句型分单句和复句两类;单句又分为非主 谓句和主谓句两类。
句子成分概述
• 句子的组成成分叫句子成分,也叫句法成分。在句子中,词与 词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为 不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。汉语: 现代汉语 里一般的句子成分有八种,即主语、谓语、宾语、动语,定语 、状语,补语和中心语。 英语:句子的组成部分,包括主语、 谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语八种。
由动词、形容词、谓词性短语或句 子充当,表示动作、行为或性质、 状态。
主语表示已知信息
主语通常位于句首,是句子的出发 点,表示已知信息,是读者或听者 已经了解或可以推断出来的信息。
谓语动词形式变化
时态变化
语气变化
谓语动词随着时间的变化而变化,包 括现在时、过去时和将来时等。
高中英语_英语句子成分的分析与理解课件_牛津版必修1

(让步状语)
10.I am taller than he is.(比较状语)
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语(8分, 8分钟) ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
主语是动作的主体部分
在主动句中:主语是动作的发出者
I teach you English.
在被动句中:主语是动作的承受者
You are beaten .
主语一般由名词、代词或数词充当。
We are good friends. –(代词)
主语还可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。 What I want to do is join the party. Smoking is harmful to your health. To learn English is difficult.
(八)状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明
10.I am taller than he is.(比较状语)
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语(8分, 8分钟) ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
主语是动作的主体部分
在主动句中:主语是动作的发出者
I teach you English.
在被动句中:主语是动作的承受者
You are beaten .
主语一般由名词、代词或数词充当。
We are good friends. –(代词)
主语还可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。 What I want to do is join the party. Smoking is harmful to your health. To learn English is difficult.
(八)状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明
英语句子成分讲解清晰版ppt课件

My father is a professor.
名词 n
Who's that? It's me.
代词 pron.
The match became very exciting.
形容词 adj.
The story of my life may be of help to others.
Three times介fiv词e短is语fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the cit数y. 词 My first idea was that you should hide your不定式
The play has three acts.
形容词 adj
This is her first trip to Europe. 数词 形容词 /序数词
China is a developing country.
/不定式
I have nothing to eat.
现在分词
Those who want to go to Ttiboedtoa不re定to式sign their
“持续”类:s_t_a_y_/ _k_e_e_p_/r_e_m__a_in_____.
其他:(似乎)s_e_e_m___a_p_p_e_a_r
(证明是)_t_u_r_n_o__u_t/_prove(to be) 11
Exercises
你的故事听起来很有趣。 Y__o_u__s_to__ry__s_o_u__n_d_e_d__v_e_r_y__in_t_e_r_e_s_t_in__g_.__.
2)Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
如何分析英语句子结构-图文(2024版)

① She likes the children to read newspapC D ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. A B C D ③ She found it difficult to do the work. A B C D ④ They call me Lily sometimes. A B C D
① My brother hasn't done his homework. A B C D ② People all over the world speak English. A B C D ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D
① D ② A ③ D ④ D
挑出下列句中的状语
7、补足语:补充说明句中的主语或者宾语的,作补足语的有:名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式和分词(短语)。如I find it interesting中的interesting.
8、同位语:把一个名词(短语)、代词或从句放在另一名词或代词后,用以说明前者的性质或情况,这样的名词或代词叫同位语。如We Chinese people ,love peace中的Chinese people是主语We的同位语.
① C ② C ③ C ④ C
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
二、按照句子的结构来分,英语的句子有以下三种类型: 1、简单句:简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)。如:My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
① My brother hasn't done his homework. A B C D ② People all over the world speak English. A B C D ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D
① D ② A ③ D ④ D
挑出下列句中的状语
7、补足语:补充说明句中的主语或者宾语的,作补足语的有:名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式和分词(短语)。如I find it interesting中的interesting.
8、同位语:把一个名词(短语)、代词或从句放在另一名词或代词后,用以说明前者的性质或情况,这样的名词或代词叫同位语。如We Chinese people ,love peace中的Chinese people是主语We的同位语.
① C ② C ③ C ④ C
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
二、按照句子的结构来分,英语的句子有以下三种类型: 1、简单句:简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)。如:My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
高中英语句子成分和句型课件

eleven.
一个完整的句子做状语, 那么这个句子叫状语从句。
试一试:
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 . ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by m y mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
句子
• • • • •
常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was), look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound, keep,stay,become,get,grow,come,go, ….
The cake tastes nice. The water feels cold. These stories sound interesting.
一个完整的句子做表语, 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
(三)宾语 表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者。 动词/动词短语 介词 宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词 后也会跟宾语。 • She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n • We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron • Do you mind opening the window? 动名词 • Give me four please. 代词和数词 • He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 • We need know what others are doing. 句子 • We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
一个完整的句子做状语, 那么这个句子叫状语从句。
试一试:
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 . ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by m y mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
句子
• • • • •
常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was), look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound, keep,stay,become,get,grow,come,go, ….
The cake tastes nice. The water feels cold. These stories sound interesting.
一个完整的句子做表语, 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① He asked her to take the boy out of school. ② She found it difficult to do the work. ③ They call me Lily sometimes. ④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
(三)宾语 表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者。 动词/动词短语 介词 宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词 后也会跟宾语。 • She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n • We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron • Do you mind opening the window? 动名词 • Give me four please. 代词和数词 • He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 • We need know what others are doing. 句子 • We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型
book. ❖3. He c_a_n_s_p__e_ak English. ❖4. She s_e_e_m_ s tired.
3
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。 如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或助动词加动词相应 形式构成。 如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.
younger sister.
分词
❖5. The lady _w_h_o__is__w_e_a_r_i_n_g_r_ed _d_re_s_s is our new teacher. 从句
10
❖1. The s_h_o__rt_e_s_t distance b__e_tw__e_e_n _tw__o_p_o_i_n_t_s is a straight line.
9
定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词找出下列 句子的定语,并说出由什么词来充当
❖1. The _b_la_c_k bike is mine. 形容词 ❖2. She is a c_h_e_m_i_s_t_ry teacher. 名词
❖3. The man i_n_b__lu_e is my brother. 介词 ❖4. The girl p_la_y_i_n_g__th_e__p_ia_no is my短语
(变成),
(变
得),
(变得)等。
8
❖连系动词 ❖ "存在"类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连
系动词强调"存在"。常见的有: ❖ be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎
3
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。 如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或助动词加动词相应 形式构成。 如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.
younger sister.
分词
❖5. The lady _w_h_o__is__w_e_a_r_i_n_g_r_ed _d_re_s_s is our new teacher. 从句
10
❖1. The s_h_o__rt_e_s_t distance b__e_tw__e_e_n _tw__o_p_o_i_n_t_s is a straight line.
9
定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词找出下列 句子的定语,并说出由什么词来充当
❖1. The _b_la_c_k bike is mine. 形容词 ❖2. She is a c_h_e_m_i_s_t_ry teacher. 名词
❖3. The man i_n_b__lu_e is my brother. 介词 ❖4. The girl p_la_y_i_n_g__th_e__p_ia_no is my短语
(变成),
(变
得),
(变得)等。
8
❖连系动词 ❖ "存在"类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连
系动词强调"存在"。常见的有: ❖ be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎
2019现代汉语语法第三讲层次分析法.ppt
句子成分分析法(中心词分析法)
句子成分分析法的局限性 1 应用范围有限 2 忽视句法构造的层次性,缺乏层 次关系观念 3 语义理解容易出现偏差
层次分析法(二分法)
基本分析原则
表层的线性关系背后暗含着隐性的层次关系。 语法结构的每个层次一般直接包含比它小的两个语法单位,这两
个小的语法单位就是直接成分。每一个直接成分又可以包含更小
分析过程
句子成分分析法(中心词分析法)
单句分析例析
Text Text Text
句子成分分析法(中心词分析法)
句子成分分析法的作用
①显示意义之间的逻辑关系 句子成分分析法规定句子成分和词相对应,注意寻找句子成 分和词类之间的对应关系,因而能够直接反映句子成分所表示的 意义之间的逻辑关系。 ②有助于对句子的理解和掌握 使用句子成分分析法,结构比较复杂的句子很快就能分析出 句子的主干和枝叶,有利于对句子的理解和掌握,而且有助于发 现和纠正语法错误,常用的“紧缩法”就是从这种方法演变而来 的。 ③有利于句型归纳。 经过句子成分分析法的分析之后,句子的格局就比较清楚, 因此有利于归纳汉语的句型系统。
• 照片放大了一点儿。
• 我们需要进口设备。
层次分析法
局限
它只能揭示句法结构的构造层次和直接组成成分之 间的显性的语法关系, 即语法结构关系, 不能揭示句 法结构内部所隐含的语义结构关系。
练习1:判断下列结构哪种切分是正确 的
练习2:请按切分法分析下列结构
• 1 来了一个人。 • 2 今天下午开会。 • 3 老王的表哥昨天下午吃了三次退烧的 药。 • 4 发现敌人的哨兵回营房了。
结构层次分析
结构层次分析
句子成分分析法及其局限
关于结构的层次分析方法