初中英语语法教学课件--英语句子成分分析 共27张ppt
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句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
6. They saw a bird _fl_y_in_g_i_n_t_h_e_s_k_y.
ask/ tell/ teach/ help/order sb to do 哪些动词后需接复合宾语的？ let / make / have sb do
英语中有一类词叫系动词,与系动词连用的叫 系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等.
s_h_o__p_p_in_g_ on Sunday. 5. W__h_e_n__I _g_r_o_w__up, I am going to be
a doctor. 状语说明了动词的哪些方面的特点?
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ Ｖ
（主＋谓）
基本句型二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
book.
3. He c_a_n_s_p_e__ak English.
4. She s_e_e_m_ s tired.
宾语(object)是动作的对象,目标 ;位于及物动词后.
1. She is doing h__e_r _h_o_m__e_w_o_r_k_now. 2. We love watching f_o_o_tb__a_ll_g_a_m__es.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾补
主语(Subject)是全句谈论的中心话题
1. _M_r._C_h_e_n_is a well-known scientist. 名词 2. _H_e_works very hard at school 代词 3. T_o_g_o__to_a__g_o_od__u_n_iv_e_rs_it_y is his first
yesterday. I showed him my picture.
基本句型四
S
V（及物） O
O
I
gi来自百度文库e him a book.
My mother bought me
I
showed him
a pen yesterday.
my picture.
基本句型五
S+V（及物）+O (宾语)+C（宾补） We must keep the door open. The news makes me happy. We call him Jim. He told me to wash the plates. I saw a thief going into your
6. I would like a bottle of water. 7. He often water the flowers. 8. The beautiful girl will go to Nanjing on a
fast train. 9. His brother swims fast. 10. Let me have a swim. 11. Strange things were happening in the
1. I am _a_te_a_c_h_e_r._ 2. They are _on__th_e_p_l_a_yg_r_o_u_nd_._ 3. My job is _te_a_c_hi_n_g_E_n_g_li_sh_. 4. It gets _co_l_d. 5. It sounds i_n_te_r_es_t_in_g_.
2. We didn’t meet anybody n_e_w_ at the meeting.
3. The boy, t_ir_e_d_,_h_u_n_g_r_y__a_n_d_t_h_irsty, _fe_l_l _d_own on the beach.
4. He is a man s_u_it_a_b_l_e_f_o_r_t_h_e_j_ob.
基本句型三 主谓宾
S
V
O
We They He She
study
English everyday.
are playing football.
enjoys
reading.
said
“Good morning.”
基本句型四
SV（及物）O（多指人）O（多指物） I give him a book. My mother bought me a pen
younger sister.
词组
5. The lady _w_h_o__is__w_e_a_r_in__g_r_ed _d_re_s_s is our new teacher. 从句
1. The shortest distance b__e_tw__e_e_n _tw__o_p_o_i_n_t_s is a straight line.
常见的系动词有be 动词,有get ,become, turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词, 和感观动词(除了sound你还能举例吗?)
常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起 来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持， 仍是）, feel（感觉）
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
countryside of northeast Hebei.
基本句型三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ
（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ
（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一 主谓 （S + V）
S + V
She cooks. He is working. What he said does not matter. The pen writes smoothly.
_s_tu_d_e_n_t.__
注意:位于介词之后的成分也被称之 为宾语.
宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明 宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语
1. They elected Jo_h_n_m__o_nitor. 2. We call him _Ir_o_n_O_x_. 3. The doctor told me _to__d_o_m_o_r_e_e_x_e_r_cise. 4. They made her _h_ap_p_y_. 5. He is going to have hair_c_u_t.__
room.
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
to wash the plates.
going into your room.
定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词
1. The _b_la_c_k bike is mine. 单词 2. She is a c_h_e_m_i_s_t_ry teacher. 单词
3. The man i_n_b__lu_e is my brother. 词组
4. The girl p_la_y_i_n_g_t_h_e__p_ia_no is my
基本句型二 主系表
S
V
He
is
Everything looks His face turned
P happy.
nice. red.
基本句型三 主谓宾
S+V+O We study English everyday. They are playing football. He enjoys reading. She said “Good morning.”
判断下列画线部分的句子成分
1. Please close the window before you leave your home.
2. Wang Lin is one of my close friend. 3. We must keep the window open. 4. I forgot to mend my watch. 5. They are watching TV now.
goal. 不定式 4. D_o_i_n_g_m_o_r_n_in_g_e_x_e_rc_is_e_is good for your
health. 动名词
谓语(Predicate) 是回答主语做什么,怎么了尾于主语后
1. We l_o_v_e China. 2. We_h_a_v_e__f_in_i_s_h_e_d reading this
基本句型一 主谓
S She He What he said The pen
V cooks is working does not matter. writes smoothly.
基本句型二 主系表
S+V+P He is happy. Every thing looks nice. His face turned red.
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. 2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. 3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly a_t_h_o_m__e. 4.Her mother goes o__u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
6. They saw a bird _fl_y_in_g_i_n_t_h_e_s_k_y.
ask/ tell/ teach/ help/order sb to do 哪些动词后需接复合宾语的？ let / make / have sb do
英语中有一类词叫系动词,与系动词连用的叫 系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等.
s_h_o__p_p_in_g_ on Sunday. 5. W__h_e_n__I _g_r_o_w__up, I am going to be
a doctor. 状语说明了动词的哪些方面的特点?
英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： Ｓ Ｖ
（主＋谓）
基本句型二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
book.
3. He c_a_n_s_p_e__ak English.
4. She s_e_e_m_ s tired.
宾语(object)是动作的对象,目标 ;位于及物动词后.
1. She is doing h__e_r _h_o_m__e_w_o_r_k_now. 2. We love watching f_o_o_tb__a_ll_g_a_m__es.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾补
主语(Subject)是全句谈论的中心话题
1. _M_r._C_h_e_n_is a well-known scientist. 名词 2. _H_e_works very hard at school 代词 3. T_o_g_o__to_a__g_o_od__u_n_iv_e_rs_it_y is his first
yesterday. I showed him my picture.
基本句型四
S
V（及物） O
O
I
gi来自百度文库e him a book.
My mother bought me
I
showed him
a pen yesterday.
my picture.
基本句型五
S+V（及物）+O (宾语)+C（宾补） We must keep the door open. The news makes me happy. We call him Jim. He told me to wash the plates. I saw a thief going into your
6. I would like a bottle of water. 7. He often water the flowers. 8. The beautiful girl will go to Nanjing on a
fast train. 9. His brother swims fast. 10. Let me have a swim. 11. Strange things were happening in the
1. I am _a_te_a_c_h_e_r._ 2. They are _on__th_e_p_l_a_yg_r_o_u_nd_._ 3. My job is _te_a_c_hi_n_g_E_n_g_li_sh_. 4. It gets _co_l_d. 5. It sounds i_n_te_r_es_t_in_g_.
2. We didn’t meet anybody n_e_w_ at the meeting.
3. The boy, t_ir_e_d_,_h_u_n_g_r_y__a_n_d_t_h_irsty, _fe_l_l _d_own on the beach.
4. He is a man s_u_it_a_b_l_e_f_o_r_t_h_e_j_ob.
基本句型三 主谓宾
S
V
O
We They He She
study
English everyday.
are playing football.
enjoys
reading.
said
“Good morning.”
基本句型四
SV（及物）O（多指人）O（多指物） I give him a book. My mother bought me a pen
younger sister.
词组
5. The lady _w_h_o__is__w_e_a_r_in__g_r_ed _d_re_s_s is our new teacher. 从句
1. The shortest distance b__e_tw__e_e_n _tw__o_p_o_i_n_t_s is a straight line.
常见的系动词有be 动词,有get ,become, turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词, 和感观动词(除了sound你还能举例吗?)
常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起 来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持， 仍是）, feel（感觉）
英语中那些成分可以充当宾语
1. We often help_h_im_ . 代词 2. He likes to play__b_as_k_e_t_b_all.名词 3. We enjoy_li_s_te_n_in_g__to__th_e__m_u_s_ic动. 名词 4. She said _th_a_t_h_e_f_e_lt_s_i_ck.从句 5. They are talking a_b_o_u_t_t_h_e_n_e_w_
countryside of northeast Hebei.
基本句型三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ
（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ
（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型一 主谓 （S + V）
S + V
She cooks. He is working. What he said does not matter. The pen writes smoothly.
_s_tu_d_e_n_t.__
注意:位于介词之后的成分也被称之 为宾语.
宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明 宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语
1. They elected Jo_h_n_m__o_nitor. 2. We call him _Ir_o_n_O_x_. 3. The doctor told me _to__d_o_m_o_r_e_e_x_e_r_cise. 4. They made her _h_ap_p_y_. 5. He is going to have hair_c_u_t.__
room.
基本句型五
S
V（及物） O (宾语) C（宾补）
We must keep the door open.
The makes me news
We call
him
happy. Jim.
He told
I
saw
me a thief
to wash the plates.
going into your room.
定语是用来说名名词或代词性质特点的词
1. The _b_la_c_k bike is mine. 单词 2. She is a c_h_e_m_i_s_t_ry teacher. 单词
3. The man i_n_b__lu_e is my brother. 词组
4. The girl p_la_y_i_n_g_t_h_e__p_ia_no is my
基本句型二 主系表
S
V
He
is
Everything looks His face turned
P happy.
nice. red.
基本句型三 主谓宾
S+V+O We study English everyday. They are playing football. He enjoys reading. She said “Good morning.”
判断下列画线部分的句子成分
1. Please close the window before you leave your home.
2. Wang Lin is one of my close friend. 3. We must keep the window open. 4. I forgot to mend my watch. 5. They are watching TV now.
goal. 不定式 4. D_o_i_n_g_m_o_r_n_in_g_e_x_e_rc_is_e_is good for your
health. 动名词
谓语(Predicate) 是回答主语做什么,怎么了尾于主语后
1. We l_o_v_e China. 2. We_h_a_v_e__f_in_i_s_h_e_d reading this
基本句型一 主谓
S She He What he said The pen
V cooks is working does not matter. writes smoothly.
基本句型二 主系表
S+V+P He is happy. Every thing looks nice. His face turned red.
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语说明名词特点,性质; 状语则说明 动词何如何.
1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. 2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. 3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly a_t_h_o_m__e. 4.Her mother goes o__u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___