英语句子成分分析详细

Seeing is believing.
（不定式）
To go for a travell（ing代t词o P）aris is my.
He likes dancing.
（句子）
What he needs is a book.
It was interesting to learn about the Wolong Reserve
Step Four
Training and Testing
系动词
1）状态系动词（be动词） 例如： He is a teacher.
（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词
keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如： He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。 3）ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้像系动词
seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired.
他看起来很累。
4）感官系动词
feel, smell, sound, taste 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。 注意：系动词不用于被动语态. 5）变化系动词
英语句子成分分析
Step one:
Reviewing Test: 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
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主谓 定 宾 同
状
语语 语 语 位
语
语
句子成分
定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分：主语和谓语 次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、 补足语、同位语
㈠主语（subject）
句子说明的人或事物
• Jane is good at playing the piano. （名词）
定语后置：
如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。 而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? （定语从句）
• What he has said is true.
（句子）
找出句中主语
（名词）
The sun rises in the east.
（数词）
Twenty years is a short time in history.
The poor are now liv（in动g i名n 词the）shelter. (名词化的形容词）
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that.
自那之后，他疯了。 6）终止系动词
prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意 例如： The rumor proved false.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
㈡谓语
说明主语的动作、状态和特征 • 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill? • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well. • She doesn’t seem to like dancing
• Do you smell something burning?
• He made himself known to them.
• She asked me to lend her a hand.
同位语
位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况
We young people should respect the old. 名词 He himself will do the experiment. 代词 He is the oldest among them four. 数词 He told me the news that our team won the game. 从句
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.
• He gave me some books.
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
（四）表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. That remains a puzzle. 6. I don’t feel at ease.
• She went out in a hurry. （代词）
• Four plus four is eight. （数词）
• To go for a travelling to Paris is my
（不定式）
dream.
（动名词）
• Smoking is bad for health.
• The young should respect the （old名. 词化的形容词）
这谣言证实有假。
Step Six
Summary:课堂小结
（五）定语
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • His father works in a steel work. (名词) • There are 54students in our class. (数词) • Do you known betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语
Show your passport, please. （名词 ） She didn't say anything. ( 代词） How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词) They asked to see my passport. （不定式） I enjoy working with you.（动名词） Did you write down what he said? （句子）
（六）宾语补足语
有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾 语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足， 使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 ： make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.
• I found the book interesting.
（六）状语
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。 • I will be back in a while. • They are playing on the playground. • He was late because he got up late. • He got up so late that I missed the train. • I waited to see you. • He often went to school by bus. • His parents died, leaving him an orphan. • Please call me if it is necessary. • This book is very interesting. • He went to school in spite of his illness.