2017上海金山区高三一模英语试题及答案
金山区2016学年第一学期期末质量调研高三英语试卷（满分：140分考试时间：120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the airport. B. At the hotel.C. At the restaurant.D. At the railway station.2. A. On TV. B. On the Internet.C. From the newspaper.D. From a friend.3. A. Husband and wife. B. Policeman and driver.C. Passenger and bus conductor.D. Boss and secretary.4. A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm.C. At 2:00 pm.D. At 2:30 pm.5. A. She found it very interesting.B. She found it very boring.C. She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes.D. She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes.6. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job.C. Drop out of school.D. Resign from her present job.7. A. Shopping with his son. B. Promoting a new product.C. Buying a gift for a kid.D. Bargaining with a salesgirl.8. A. He is always late for work.B. He is having some financial problems.C. He is not careful enough with his work.D. He loses his temper easily.9. A. It is too hot in the room.B. She wants to avoid meeting people.C. She wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D. She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.10. A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale.B. Mr. Dale has become director of the department.C. Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague.D. Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have ever heard.Questions 11 through13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall.B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom.C. Professors teach through real world experiences.D. Students appreciate classroom learning.12. A. To praise the professor. B. To support his point of view.C. To praise his friend.D. To advise us to study psychology.13. A. Learning through firsthand experience is important.B. Students learn a lot from textbooks.C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks.D. Students get firsthand information from textbooks.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull.B. Consumers travel more now than ever before.C. Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made.D. Out-of-home ads are easier to understand.15. A. Quick to update. B. Pleasant to look at.C. Easy to remember.D. Convenient to obtain.16. A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising.B. New forms of effective advertising.C. The disadvantages of traditional advertising.D. Effective ways to do effective advertisements.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Her story of completing a task. B. Her experience of being lost.C. Her trip abroad.D. Her success in career.18. A. Met his friends. B. Attended a lecture.C. Gave a performance.D. Had a trip.19. A. By following a man. B. By looking at a map.C. By asking an old woman.D. By asking the policeman for help.20. A. He cannot stand the noise in the bar. B. He has a poor memory.C. He doesn’t speak German.D. He doesn’t like to wear T-shirts.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Rail-life adventures of two generationsWhen I was 17, I decided to go InterRailing with my friend Bella for a week in summer. Both of us had chosen to study German at university and we decided that train travel in Germany would be the ideal way (21) ______ (practice) the language.(22) ______ ______ ______ I told my mum, she began to give me tips (23) ______ (base) on her own InterRail experience in the 1970s.I would, she insisted, need (24) ______ extra-thick sleeping bag “for when you sleep outside”.I would need to pack oatmeal, raisins and nuts and dried soup. She even suggesteda camping stove.As she told tales of sleeping on train floors, on platforms, and even once in a barn, I began to get a little worried. (25) _______ had I let myself in for?In fact, my InterRail experience was quite different. Bella and I googled youth hostels. They were pretty basic—six people to a room, stale cereal for breakfast, no curtains—but fine. We never slept on a train once.My InterRail trip was certainly not as economical as my mother’s. My ticket (26) ______ (cost) £187(1,954 yuan), and I spent £30 a day on cheap food and extra ticket supplements.But I met some (27) ______ (amaze) people on the trains, and practiced my German with everyone (28) ______ businessmen to artists.In my mother’s eyes I (29) ______ not have had a “real” InterRail experience—but I still had an adventure. I learned about other countries, other people and about myself.Bella and I argued over lost luggage, complained about each other --- and ended up even (30) ______ (good) friends than we had before.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.NINE people died and 43 were injured in two rear-end crashes on Shanghai’s S32 Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.Two were 31 dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.Police first received a report at 5:54 am that 32 vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhejinag Province’s Jiaxing and Huzhou.Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.Some drivers reported that the road was very 33 and braking had led to vehicles losing control.“The fog was very heavy,” an unidentified driver told Shanghai Television Station. “When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and 34 . But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control.”Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. “One of the 35 died on the road to the hospital,” Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospi tal, told the television station. “T h r e e w e r e 36 injured.”The city’s meteorological authority 37 an orange alert on heavy fog at 6:06 am, meaning 38 would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was 39 at 9:44am. This was Shanghai’s first orange alert of heavy fog since the arrival of autumn.Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning.Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport’s traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but pickedup the 40 after the orange alert was canceled, the city’s television station said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new idea ca lled ‘business at the speed of thought’ is quite popular in business world. It makes quick marketing progress, but it also presents a 41 way to run a company. Here’re the main 42 : The businesses today that will succeed are those able to jump around in high spirits. Chances must be seized immediately and decisions made quickly. Everyone needs more immediate answers, andthe window of expected 43 to any questions has dropped from weeks to days even to hours.The problem with this way of thinking is that too often such quickness comesat the expense of 44 understanding the details of a situation. Sure, the networked society allows us to gather information within a short time, but does it really 45 up our ability to make better decisions? How do you balance the 46 for speed with sharp and correct thinking? That’s the 47 on the minds ofa lot of people these days, including Future Shock author, Alvin Toffler, who studiesthe idea in our cover story. It’s also a 48 of a new study by Kepner Tregoe.It reports that 77 percent of managers believe that during the past three years the number of decisions they made each workday has increased. But 85 percent of those same people say the time given to making those decisions has either 49 or stayed the same. Result: Speed kills. Different opinions are not shared. Other choices are 50 too easily. Aims never seem to be clear. 51 , good records aren’t kept about how successful decisions are made. If your com pany really does well, the Kepner report suggests 52 the decision-making process and figuring out what you did right. Study your successes, as well as your failures.Fast decision-making is a necessity sometimes-no question about that．But decisions are only as good as the 53 go into them. By that measure, many of today’s decisions are weak and could 54 some companies at the knees. Business may be keeping the quickness of 55 , but it’s going to be torn to pieces if managers are not thinking with great care and patience.41. A. numerous B. clear C. dangerous D.bright42. A. points B. matters C. solution D. barriers43. A. response B. rejection C. acceptance D.methods44. A. rapidly B. properly C. timely D.widely45. A. arouse B. cultivate C. decline D.speed46. A. technique B. thirst C. passion D. need47. A. idea B. thought C. doubt D. puzzle48. A. subject B. aim C. project D. discovery49. A. decreased B. changed C. increased D. lengthened50. A. made B. accepted C. dismissed D. discussed51. A. Otherwise B. On the contrary C. For example D. Therefore52. A. setting aside B. breaking out C. turning out D. taking apart53. A. questions B. thoughts C. eyes D. brains54. A. cut up B. cut off C. turn down D. turn off55. A. expanding B. running C. thought D. explorationSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. That’s what I learnt from my new and special friend. On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t know.I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to finda wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may!” She gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such a young innocent age?” I asked jokingly. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she replied. After class we walked to the Students Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake there. We became instant friends.Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop.I was always listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends whenever she went. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I’ll never forget what she taught us.“There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow old. That doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by alwaysfinding opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don’t have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets．”She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Song of Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics（歌词）and live them out in our daily life. At the year’s end, Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.56. What happened to the author on the first day of school?A．He joined the Student Union.B．He got to know an old professor.C．He made the acquaintance of an old lady.D．He had to share a milkshake with others.57. In the author’s eyes, __________.A．Rose was silent and skilled.B．Rose was talented and hardworking.C．Rose was innocent and generous.D．Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring.58. Which saying might Rose possibly support?A．Rome was not built in a day.B．One is never too old to learn.C．It is no use crying over spilt milk.D．Great minds think alike.(B)Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3 days working with marine life! Food prepping to feeding the animals to snorkeling and learning about coral reefs, it’s a week of marine adventure!59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT________.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD.daily schedules60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT ________.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.(C)Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re wha t you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing（精确定位）, ” Cerling said. “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said,“But it narrows its way down for me.”63. What is the scientists’ new discovery?A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.C. A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.64. What does the autho r mean by “You’re what you eat and drink.” in Para.3?A. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C. Food and drink affect one’s personality development.D. Food and drink are similar t o one’s existence.65. What is said about the rainfall in American’s West?A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moreWhat Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior.(69) ___________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so diff icult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏。
2017年上海中学高三英语练习卷一
高三英语练习卷一Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection A. Blank filling（10’）Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of ___21___（widely）held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder, even if it means ___22___（step）off the pavement into a busy street. If you ___23___ pass under a ladder you can avoid bad luck by crossing your fingers and keeping them crossed ___24___ you have seen a dog. Alternatively, you may lick your finger and make a cross on the toe of your shoe, and then wait for it to dry.Another common superstition is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house---it will ___25___ bring misfortune to the person who opened it or to the whole household. Moreover, ___26___ opening an umbrella in fine weather is unpopular as it inevitably brings rain!The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month falls ___27___ a Friday, whoever wishes to avoid a bad event had better stay indoors. The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, as it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to ___28___（originate）in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods.Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, ___29___ ___29___ they are often associated witchcraft（巫术）. It is especially lucky if a black cat crosses your path---although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is ___30___ of touching wood for luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never broken down, touch wood？”Section B（10’）Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be“Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been present in America since Europeans discovered a“new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a ___31___ society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers; in Letters from an American Farmer(1782) he wrote, “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered（无拘无束）and unrestrained, because each person works for himself … We have no princes, for whom we labor, starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where“the rewards of a man’s ___32___ follow with equal steps the progress of his labor”drew poor immigrants from Europe and ___33___ national expansion into the western territories.Our national historical story is full of ___34___ of the American success story. There’s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from ___35___ origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American’s best-selling author with his rags-to-riches tales. The ___36___ for success haunts （萦绕于）us: we spend millions every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even ___37___ our personal relationships: today it’s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams can easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success ___38___ implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in ___39___ symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, and eat the “right” foods. These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe ___40___ in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionSection A Cloze（30’）Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（A）The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of“a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, ___41___ and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans ___42___ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were recruited and trained in coffee knowledge and ___43___ service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma all ___44___ the“Starbucks Experience.”Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the“Starbucks Experience”, ___45___ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.___46___ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provide you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and ___47___ advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been ___48___ to creating for its customers---a kind of“third place”where they can ___49___, reflect, read, chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the ___50___ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also ___51___ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging, the middle is black and white only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of ___52___: the visual warmth, hearing the way, smell the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think,through the huge glass windows,watching the crowded streets, ___53___ sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the“Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the ___54___ life.But the ___55___ of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41. A. customers B. managers C. people D. clients42. A. insured B. promised C. predicted D. ensured43. A. employment B. customer C. environment D. emergency44. A. consisted of B. contributed to C. benefited from D. headed for45. A. coming across B. making up C. going beyond D. depending on46. A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of47. A. general B. group C. legal D. sound48. A. committed B. alerted C. subjected D. required49. A. negotiate B. escape C. conceal D. perform50. A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy51. A. conveys B. creates C. credits D. dultivates52. A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience53. A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently54. A. easy B. busy C. miserable D. energetic55. A. product B. essence C. importance D. vision（B）Whether it’s from an awful breakup or a painful life event, some memories can return repeatedly to the mind of us for our entire lives, But, what if science can ___56___ your bad memories so that you can start all over again? As is known to all, Memory is an incredibly complex____57___. While scientists used to believe it was like a filing cabinet and particular memories were stored in different sections of the brain, we now know this is ___58___.In fact, each memory is a brain wide process. If you end up remembering something, it's because the cells in your brain are being fired, ___59___ new connections and links and literally rebuild the circuitry of your mind. And this change is partially ___60___ by proteins in the brain. So what if the proteins aren't available?Simply put, memories can't be made. Seriously, scientists have tested this by giving animals drugs that prevent these proteins from forming. ___61___, the animals have no recollection of the things that took place shortly after the drug was taken. From this research, scientists actually found a way to target long-term memories for ___62___. You see, every single time you remember a memory, your brain is once again firing and rewiring.In fact, each time you reflect on a memory, you are physically changing that memory in your mind. And each time that memory is changed a little, reflecting your ___63___ thoughts. Remembering, to a great extent, is an act of ___64___ and imagination, which means that the more you reflect on old memories, the less accurate they will become. And scientists have actually quantified this change.After 9/11, hundreds of people were asked about their memories of the dreadful day. A year later, 37% of the details had changed. By 2004, nearly 50% of the details had changed or gone ___65___. And because memories are formed and rebuilt every time, if you administer（服药）theprotein-preventing drug while recalling a memory, the memory can be ___66___ removed.To test this, scientists took lab rats and played sound for them, shortly followed by an electric shock. After doing this for many times, the rats quickly learned that if they heard the sound, a shock was soon to follow. ___67___, they would stress up and freeze every time they heard it. Months later, these rats would still ___68___ the noise. However, if they administered the drug first, the rats would lose the memory of the sound, and simply continue on. They had lost their memory of that specific noise.To be sure that the drug wasn’t just causing large-scale brain damage, scientists repeated these experiments with various tones this time. Both sounds would ware for a shock and ___69___ the mice would fear both. But if they administered the drug and played only one of the sounds, the mice would only forget that one tone, while still remaining ___70___ of the other. Over time scientists have discovered specific drugs to target particular proteins across different parts of the brain.56. A. refresh B. forget C. control D. erase57. A. range B. process C. idea D. structure58. A. incorrect B. evident C. partial D. complex59. A. eliminating B. decreasing C. bringing D. building60. A. inspired B. stopped C. identified D. perfected61. A. By contrast B. On the contrary C. As a result D. For example62. A. evaluation B. estimation C. deletion D. production63. A. terrified B. precious C. current D. previous64. A. terrified B. creation C. repetition D. reproduction65. A. uncontrolled B. complicated C. valuable D. missing66. A. repeatedly B. effectively C. hardly D. consistently67. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Instead68. A. turn to B. respond to C. watch out D. turn down69. A. surprisingly B. especially C. eventually D. similarly70. A. suspicious B. careful C. painful D. fearful试卷二Section B: Passages（40’）Directions：Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them in passage A, B, C, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in LeLecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just onepicture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized. In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.1. According to the author, the woman was probably_______.A. enjoying herselfB. losing her patienceC. waiting for the sunsetD. thinking about her past2. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?A. The rich color of the landscape.B. The perfect positioning of the camera.C. The woman’s existence in the photo.D. The soft sunlight that summer day.3. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ________.A. the need to be close to natureB. the importance of private spaceC. the joy of the vacation in ItalyD. the shared passion for beauty4. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _________.A. a particular life experienceB. the pleasure of travelingC. the art of photographyD. a romantic encounter with a stranger（B）A Guide to the UniversityFoodThe TWU Cafeteria is open 7am to 8pm. It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in theLower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.RelaxationThe Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.HealthLocated on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse are available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9am to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 pm.Academic SupportAll students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills. You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door two 30–minute appointments per week maximum. This service is free.TransportationThe TWU Express is a shuttle service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8am and 3pm. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.5. What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?A. Do homework and watch TV.B. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.C. Have meals and meet with friends.D. Add money to your ID and play chess.6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. You can treat your friends to home-cooked meals in this Globe on weekends.B. The Wellness Centre offers medical services free of charge.C. You can go to the Writing Centre directly to get turoring for your language studies.D. If you feel depressed, you may seek medical help on campus.7. What’s the function of the TWU Express?A. To carry students to the lecture halls.B. To provide students with campus tours.C. To take students to the Mattson Center.D. To transport students to and from the stores.（C）Is it any wonder that America is also a country of dangerously overweight people?According to a recent study by the National Center for Health Statistics, the number of adults characterized as overweight in the United States has jumped to an astonishing one-third of the population. Overweight in this case means being about 20 percent or more above a person’s desirable weight. Since the figures for "desirable weight" have moved upward over the last decade or so, total poundage-even at 20 percent over-may be considerable.So are the attendant health risks. Excess weight has been linked to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and some forms of cancer, among other diseases.Once, when work and school and the grocery store were a two-mile hike away, Americans could afford the calories they consume. But not now, not when millions spend four or five hours aday in front of a TV set-along with a bag of chips, a bowl of buttered popcorn and a six-pack--and there’s a ear or two in every driveway."There is no commitment to obesity (肥胖) as a public health problem," said Dr. William Dietz, director of clinical nutrition at the New England Medical Center in Boston. "We’ve ignored it, and blamed it on overeating and laziness."If one definition of a public health problem is its cost to the nation, then obesity qualifies. According to a study done by Dr. Graham A. Colditz, who teaches at Harvard Medical School, it cost America an estimated $68.8 billion in 1990. But what’s wrong blaming it on overeating and laziness? Ture, some unfortunate overweight people have an underlying physical or genetic problem. But for most Americans, the problem is with two of the seven deadly sins.Losing weight is a desperately difficult business. Preventing gain, however, is not. Consumer information is everywhere, and there can be few adults who truly believe that hot dogs, fries, a soda and a couple of Twinkies make a good lunch. But they eat them anyway.As more and more Americans became educated to the risks of smoking, more and more Americans gave up the habit. Now it appears that Americans need an intensive education in the risks of stuffing themselves and failing to exercise as well.Given the seductiveness of chocolate and cheese, the couch and the car, that habit will be hard to break. But if an ounce of prevention can eliminate a pound of fat, it is well worth the struggle.8. The author sets up the standard of overweight people based on the fact that______.A．the number of overweight people has astonishingly increased.B．people have a different idea about their desirable weight now.C．being overweight becomes a threat to people’s health.D．the overweight problem has long been studied.9. By saying“So are the attendant health risks,”the author means _____.A. America suffers health risks as well as the overweight problem.B. health risks resulting from being overweight are serious too.C. being overweight is classified as one of the health problems.D. people have also paid much attention to the possible health risks.10. What does William Dietz think of obesity?A. It should be treated as a public health problem.B. It should be attributed to laziness and overeating.C. It has much to do with nutritional problems.D. It has nothing to do with the overuse of cars.11. According to the author, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. The overweight problem has cost the nation much.B. Eating too much and exercising too little are the major causes of obesity.C. It’s a rather challenging task for Americans to lose weight.D. Many Americans are totally ignorant of the harm of junk food.12. In order to solve the overweight problem, the author suggests that everyone needs to ___.A. be taught to prevent gaining weightB. be educated to lose weight effectivelyC. seek help from consumer informationD. know what makes a healthy dinner.（D）In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw—having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from the George that most people remember from their history books, a boy who was ashamed of chopping down his father’s favorite cherry tree, But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises（妥协）made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong--and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything, the historians say, the founders were hampered（束缚）by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was "like having a large bank account," says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. ’The southern states would not have signed the Constitution（宪法）without protections for the "peculiar institution," including a term that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states.Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.13. In Paragraph 1, George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to ______.A. In Paragraph 1, George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to ____.B. demonstrate the great cruelty of slavery in his days.C. stress the important role of slaves in the entire U.S. historyD. reveal an unknown aspect of his life and introduce the topic.14. We may infer from the second paragraph that _____.A. DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.B. In its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.C. historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.D. Political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history.15. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?A. His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.B. His status as a father made him free the child slaves.C. His attitude towards slavery was complex.D. His affair with a slave ruined his reputation.16. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. Some founding fathers benefited politically from slavery.B. Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.C. Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.D. Washington decided to free slaves due to moral considerations.（E）Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere, we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.17. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may______.A. run out of human controlB. satisfy human’s real desiresC. command armies of killer robotsD. work faster than a mathematician。
2017年上海金山区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海金山区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（每空1分，满分10分）1、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第21~30题Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Rail-life adventures of two generationsWhen I was 17, I decided to go InterRailing with my friend Bella for a week in summer. Both of us had chosen to study German at university and we decided that train travel in Germany would be the ideal way1（practice） the language.2I told my mum, she began to give metips3（base） on her own InterRail experience in the 1970s.I would, she insisted, need4extra-thick sleeping bag "for when you sleep outside" .I would need to pack oatmeal, raisins and nuts and dried soup. She even suggested a camping stove.As she told tales of sleeping on train floors, on platforms, and even once in a barn, I began to get a little worried.5had I let myself in for?In fact, my InterRail experience was quite different. Bella and I googled youth hostels. They were pretty basic—six people to a room, stale cereal for breakfast, no curtains—but fine. We never slept on a train once. InterRail trip was certainly not as economical as my mother's. Myticket6（cost）£187（1,954 yuan）, and I spent £30 a day on cheap food and extra ticket supplements.But I met some7（amaze） people on the trains, and practiced my German with everyone8businessmen to artists.In my mother's eyes I9not have had a "real" InterRail experience—but I still had an adventure. I learned about other countries, other people and about myself.Bella and I argued over lost luggage, complained about each other --- and ended upeven10（good） friends than we had before.二、选词填空（每空1分，满分10分）2、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第31~40题Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.NINE people died and 43 were injured in two rear-end crashes on Shanghai's S32 Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.Two were1dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.Police first received a report at 5：54 am that2vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhejinag Province's Jiaxing and Huzhou.Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.Some drivers reported that the road was very3- and braking had led to vehicles losing control."The fog was very heavy," an unidentified driver told Shanghai Television Station. "When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and4. But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control."Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. "One of the5died on the road to the hospital," Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospital, told the television station. "Threewere6injured."The city's meteorological authority7an orange alert on heavy fog at 6：06 am, meaning8would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was9at 9：44am. This was Shanghai's first orange alert of heavy fog since the arrival of autumn.Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning.Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport's traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but picked up the10after the orange alert was canceled, the city's television station said.三、完形填空（每空1分，满分15分）3、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第41~55题Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new idea called 'business at the speed of thought' is quite popular in business world. It makes quick marketing progress, but it also presents a1way to run a company. Here're the main2: The businesses today that will succeed are those able to jump around in high spirits. Chances must be seized immediately and decisions made quickly. Everyone needs more immediate answers, and the window of expected3to any questions has dropped from weeks to days even to hours.The problem with this way of thinking is that too often such quickness comes at the expenseof4understanding the details of a situation. Sure, the networked society allows us to gather information within a short time, but does it really5up our ability to make better decisions? How do you balance the6for speed with sharp and correct thinking? That's the7on the minds of a lot of people these days, including Future Shock author, Alvin Toffler, who studies the idea in our cover story. It's alsoa8of a new study by Kepner Tregoe. It reports that 77 percent of managers believe that during the past three years the number of decisions they made each workday has increased. But 85 percent of those same people say the time given to making those decisions haseither9or stayed the same. Result: Speed kills. Different opinions are not shared. Other choices are10too easily. Aims never seem to beclear.11, good records aren't kept about how successful decisions are made. If your company really does well, the Kepner report suggests12the decision-making process and figuring out what you did right. Study your successes, as well as your failures.Fast decision-making is a necessity sometimes-no question about that. But decisions are only as good as the13go into them. By that measure, many of today's decisions are weak and could14some companies at the knees. Business may be keeping the quickness of15,but it's going to be torn to pieces if managers are not thinking with great care and patience.A. numerousB. clearC. dangerousD. brightA. pointsB. mattersC. solutionD. barriersA. responseB. rejectionC. acceptanceD. methodsA. rapidlyB. properlyC. timelyD. widelyA. arouseB. cultivateC. declineD. speedA. techniqueB. thirstC. passionD. needA. ideaB. thoughtC. doubtD. puzzleA. subjectB. aimC. projectD. discoveryA. decreasedB. changedC. increasedD. lengthenedA. madeB. acceptedC. dismissedD. discussedA. OtherwiseB. On the contraryC. For exampleD. ThereforeA. setting asideB. breaking outC. turning outD. taking apartA. questionsB. thoughtsC. eyesD. brainsA. cut upB. cut offC. turn downD. turn offA. expandingB. runningC. thoughtD. exploration四、阅读理解（每题2分，满分22分）4、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第56~58题Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. That's what I learnt from my new and special friend. On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know.I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, "Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eighty- seven years old. Can I give you a hug?" I laughed and enthusiastically responded, "Of course you may!" She gave me a giant squeeze. "Why are you in college at such a young innocent age?" I asked jokingly. "I always dreamed of having acollege education and now I'm getting one!" she replied. After class we walked to the Students Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake there. We became instant friends.Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always listening to this "time machine" as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends whenever she went. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I'll never forget what she taught us."There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow old. That doesn't take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don't have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets. "She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Song of Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics （歌词）and live them out in our daily life. At the year's end, Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.(1) What happened to the author on the first day of school?A. He joined the Student Union.B. He got to know an old professor.C. He made the acquaintance of an old lady.D. He had to share a milkshake with others.(2) In the author's eyes,.A. Rose was silent and skilled.B. Rose was talented and hardworking.C. Rose was innocent and generous.D. Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring.(3) Which saying might Rose possibly support?A. Rome was not built in a day.B. One is never too old to learn.C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.D. Great minds think alike.5、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第59~62题（B）Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3days working with marine life! Food prepping to feeding the animals to snorkeling and learning about coral reefs, it's a week of marine adventure!(1) All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD. daily schedules(2) The underlined phrase "subject to" is closest in meaning to.A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on(3) All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs(4) Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.6、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第63~66题（C）Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people's hair."You're what you eat and drink, and that's recorded in your hair," said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, out traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes（同位素）. The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.Cerling's team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems."It's not good for pinpointing（精确定位）," Cerling said. "It's good for eliminating many possibilities."Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming."It's still a substantial area," Park said, "But it narrows its way down for me."(1) What is the scientists' new discovery?A. One's hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.C. A person s hair may reveal where they have lived.D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.(2) What does the author mean by "You're what you eat and drink." in Para.3?A. Food and drink leave traces in one's body tissues.B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C. Food and drink affect one's personality development.D. Food and drink are similar to one's existence.(3) What is said about the rainfall in American's West?A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.(4) What is the practical value of Cerling's research?A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.五、信息匹配（每题2分，满分8分）7、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第67~70题Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams （1900）, Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that1.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer.2For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior.3Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways.4The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.A. Men and women dream about different things.B. A person's dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone.C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.六、任务型阅读（满分10分）8、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第71题Summary Writing.Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're "hot" . That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues （自言自语）as: "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract （对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam （鼓起干劲）and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.七、翻译句子（满分15分）9、【来源】 2017年上海金山区高三一模第72~75题Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏陶。
上海市金山区2017届高三一模英语卷
金山区2016学年第一学期期末质量调研II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Rail-life adventures of two generationsWhen I was 17, I decided to go InterRailing with my friend Bella for a week in summer. Both of us had chosen to study German at university and we decided that train travel in Germany would be the ideal way (21) ______ (practice) the language.(22) ______ ______ ______ I told my mum, she began to give me tips (23) ______ (base) on her own InterRail experience in the 1970s.I would, she insisted, need (24) ______ extra-thick sleeping b ag “for when you sleep outside”.I would need to pack oatmeal, raisins and nuts and dried soup. She even suggested a camping stove.As she told tales of sleeping on train floors, on platforms, and even once in a barn, I began to get a little worried. (25) _______ had I let myself in for?In fact, my InterRail experience was quite different. Bella and I googled youth hostels. They were pretty basic—six people to a room, stale cereal for breakfast, no curtains—but fine. We never slept on a train once.My Int erRail trip was certainly not as economical as my mother’s. My ticket (26) ______ (cost) £187(1,954 yuan), and I spent £30 a day on cheap food and extra ticket supplements.But I met some (27) ______ (amaze) people on the trains, and practiced my German with everyone (28) ______ businessmen to artists.In my mother’s eyes I (29) ______ not have had a “real” InterRail experience—but I still had an adventure. I learned about other countries, other people and about myself.Bella and I argued over lost luggage, complained about each other --- and ended up even (30) ______ (good) friends than we had before.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.NINE people died and 43 were injured in two rear-end crashes on Shanghai’s S32 Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.Two were 31 dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.Police first received a report at 5:54 am that 32 vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhejinag Province’s Jiaxing and Huzhou.Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.Some drivers reported that the road was very 33 and braking had led to vehicles losing control.“The fog was very heavy,” an unidentified driver told Shangh ai Television Station. “When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and 34 . But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control.”Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. “One of the 35 died on the road to the hospital,” Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospital, told the television s t a t i o n.“T h r e e w e r e36 injured.”The city’s meteorological authority 37 an orange alert on heavy fog at 6:06 am, meaning 38 would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was 39 at 9:44am. This was Shanghai’s first orange alert of heavy fog since th e arrival of autumn.Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning.Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport’s traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but picked up the 40 after the orange alert was canceled, the city’s television station said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new idea called ‘business at the speed of thought’ is quite popular in business world. It makes quick marketing progress, but it also presents a 41 way to run a company. Here’re the main 42 : The businesses today that will succeed are those able to jump around in high spirits. Chances must be seized immediately and decisions made quickly. Everyone needs more immediate answers,and the window of expected 43 to any questions has dropped from weeks to days even to hours.The problem with this way of thinking is that too often such quickness comesat the expense of 44 understanding the details of a situation. Sure, the networked society allows us to gather information within a short time, but doesit really 45 up our ability to make better decisions? How do you balance the 46 for speed with sharp and correct thinking? That’s the 47 on the minds of a lot of people these days, including Future Shock author, Alvin Toffler, who studies the idea in our cover story. It’s also a 48 of a new studyby Kepner Tregoe. It reports that 77 percent of managers believe that during the past three years the number of decisions they made each workday has increased.But 85 percent of those same people say the time given to making those decisionshas either 49 or stayed the same. Result: Speed kills. Different opinionsare not shared. Other choices are 50 too easily. Aims never seem to be clear.51 , good records aren’t kept about how successful decisions are made. If your company really does well, the Kepner report suggests 52 the decision-making process and figuring out what you did right. Study your successes, as well as your failures.Fast decision-making is a necessity sometimes-no question about that．But decisions are only as good as the 53 go into them. By that measure, manyof today’s decisions are weak and could 54 some companies at the knees. Business may be keeping the quickness of 55 , but it’s going to be tornto pieces if managers are not thinking with great care and patience.41. A. numerous B. clear C. dangerous D.bright42. A. points B. matters C. solution D.barriers43. A. response B. rejection C. acceptance D. methods44. A. rapidly B. properly C. timely D. widely45. A. arouse B. cultivate C. decline D. speed46. A. technique B. thirst C. passion D. need47. A. idea B. thought C. doubt D. puzzle48. A. subject B. aim C. project D. discovery49. A. decreased B. changed C. increased D. lengthened50. A. made B. accepted C. dismissed D. discussed51. A. Otherwise B. On the contrary C. For example D. Therefore52. A. setting aside B. breaking out C. turning out D. taking apart53. A. questions B. thoughts C. eyes D. brains54. A. cut up B. cut off C. turn down D. turn off55. A. expanding B. running C. thought D. explorationSection B(A)We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. That’s what I learnt from my new and special friend. On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t know.I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may!” She gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such a young innocent age?” I asked jokingly. “I alwa ys dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she replied. After class we walked to the Students Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake there. We became instant friends.Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends whenever she went. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I’ll never forget what she taught us.“There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow old. That doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don’t have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets．”She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Song of Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics（歌词）and live them out in our daily life. At the year’s end, Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.56. What happened to the author on the first day of school?A．He joined the Student Union. B．He got to know an old professor.C．He made the acquaintance of an old lady. D．He had to share a milkshake with others.57. In the author’s eyes, __________.A．Rose was silent and skilled. B．Rose was talented and hardworking.C．Rose was innocent and generous. D．Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring.58. Which saying might Rose possibly support?A．Rome was not built in a day. B．One is never too old to learn.C．It is no use crying over spilt milk. D．Great minds think alike.(B)Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3 days working with marine life! Food prepping to feeding the animals to snorkeling and learning about coral reefs, it’s a week of marine adventure!59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT________.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD. daily schedules60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT ________.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.(C)Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re wha t you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing（精确定位）, ” Cerling said. “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said,“But it narrows its way down for me.”63. What is the scientists’ new discovery?A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.C. A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.64. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink.” in Para.3?A. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C. Food and drink affect one’s personality development.D. Food and drink are similar to one’s existence.65. What is said about the rainfall in American’s West?A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in t he morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏陶。
上海市2017-2018年各区高三英语一模试题汇编--摘要写作(Summary-Writing)-老师版(全部带答案已经校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.Keys:Wildness therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which is a successful one with argument. It is aimed to reform youths in trouble by having them get involved in outdoor activities. It is criticized/blamed for some of its methods, lack of professional staff and not being mentallybeneficial. However, it is a creative way to equip youths with life and social skills. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are Open Offices Good for Us?Four years ago, Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before –moved his team into an open concept office. His staff had been entirely working from home, but he wanted everyone to be together, to connect and cooperate more easily. It quickly became clear, though, that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted and productivity suffered and nine employees were unhappy, not to mention Nagele himself. About three years after moving into the open office, Nagele moved the company into a 10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space — complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have held the open office — about 70% of US offices are open concept — and very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors. But research that we’re 15% less productive, we have huge trouble co ncentrating in open working spaces, has contributed to a growing criticism against open offices.Beside the cheaper cost, one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases teamwork. However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd. Instead, as many of us know, we’re more likely to hear about the Christmas gift a colleague is buying for a family member, or problems with your deskmate’s spouse.For jobs that require focus, like writing, advertising, financial planning and computer programming, some companies that aren’t ready to abandon open plans are experimenting with quiet and closed spaces. The trouble with that, is some of us don’t feel comfortable leaving the team to go off on our own—it can feel as if we’re not pulling our weight if we’re not present. That’s particularly true in high-pressure environments. Some of us even feel that escaping to a quiet room is a sign of weakness.Keys:Though open offices is meant to raise cooperation, employees feel it hard to concentrate, thus reducing productivity.Quiet and closed spaces are better choices for jobs demanding concentration, but some have a feeling of discomfort or weakness to work alone. (40 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）Keys:Violence is officially reported to have become the greatest threat to teenagers’ lives, andstudents should learn to how to manage conflict.While conflict is inevitable, which students should know, keeping calm and carefully listening to each other is advisable.Reviewing what they hear and understanding what the real issue is will make the conflict become smaller.（58 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To airline and airport operators, fog is an enemy. When the white, misty blanket hides runways, airplanes cannot take off or land. Changes in flight schedules cost the airlines several million dollars each year.Fog is an concentration of tiny water droplets suspended in the air. It most often occurs when warm, most air is suddenly cooled. To clear the air of fog, it is necessary to evaporate the droplets or cause them to join together and fall as rain or snow.In 1968, a new fog-sweeping machine was tested for dissipating(驱散）the most common king of fog, which occurs at temperature above freezing. The machine consists of 100-foot-long plastic tube mounted on a mobile blower. As the machine moved across the airport, chemicals were blown through the tube and up into the fog. One of the chemicals reduces the surface tension on the water droplets so that they would join together more easily. Another chemical gave an electronic charge to the droplets, so that they attracted each other and fell as rain.Cold fog, which occurs at temperatures below freezing, causes only a small percentage of airport shutdowns. Cold fog is fairly easy to eliminate. For quite a few years, airports have used cloud-seeding methods to dissipate cold fog. An airplane drops crystals of dry ice into the fog. Soon, snow falls and the air clears.In the 1900s, another kind of weapon against fog was developed. Pilots who are flying through fog fire a pulse of laser light toward the runway. The light that would normally be reflected by the fog is screened out by a sensor. When the laser pulse returns, the sensor opens briefly to admit only the light reflected from the runway, thus enabling the laser to “see” the runway through the fog.These new “whether weapons” are helping to win the war against fog.Keys:Fog, a concentration of tiny water droplets suspending in the air, is airline and airport operators’ enemy, but machines have helped to win the war against it. The fog-sweeping machine dissipates common fog, and the cloud-seeding machine can eliminate cold fog. Another weapon enables pilots to “see” the runway through the fog. (55 words)IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it — and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? After all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between hurtful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotional abuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’sfeelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?Keys:People may hesitate to help when they see children abused by their parents in public because they are afraid to embarrass and offend the parent. However, intervention can be done in a non-offensive way. Since children are too young to stand up for themselves, we are obliged to intervene, which may have a lifelong effect on their future/growth. (58 words)Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for no w,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”Keys:Two measures have been taken to save California condors from extinction for decades. First, to keep condors away from electrical lines, electric shock training let them experience bitter but not fatal shock. Second to clear lead from their blood, some are given medical treatment at the zoo. As the statistics show, these efforts have had good results.(57 words)Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link be tween their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.Keys:Evidence shows that mothers can help children overcome difficulties, but a recently study finds that fathers also have positive influence. They can help children feel more optimistic and self-confident, which boosts the math score of teenage girls and the language abilities of boys. Therefore, fathers should be encouraged to convey care and recognition to their children. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For many well-educated travelers, buying a copy of Lonely Planet is the first task before taking a vacation abroad. Founded in 1973, Lonely Planet is the biggest guidebook series in many countries. It’s published in 11 languages including Chinese.But when the BBC confirmed on March 19 that it had sold the entire Lonely Planet series to a US billionaire at a significant deficit(赤字), many commented that the deal sang the swan song for the printed guidebook.The rise of the Internet and the prevalence of smartphones have become a burden on the print media. Why would travelers bring a heavy guidebook when they can download the apps to their smartphone in an instant? Furthermore, alternative and free travel content is readily available on the Internet, from Wikivoyage to TripAdvisor which provide excellent guidance on your trips.But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are in decline. It is also widely accepted that the physical guidebook has such complete content that can kill any sense of personal exploration. With the guide books, all those backpacker feet ended up following routine trade routes, and in those routes was little room for initiative.It’s also pointed out that the guidebook is not exactly good for tourism. Often the shops and restaurants that thrived on a recommendation in the guidebook relaxed and discovered that it didn’t matter: the legions of eager travelers keep on coming anyway. They gradually become uncompetitive.And yet, despite the rise of new media, it’s believed there is still a place for printed guidebooks, at least for the time being as books still offer readers the kind of feeling that virtual tools can’t provide, more of a compelling, touchable interaction.Keys:The changing-hands of the influential Lonely Planet at financial losses signified the breakdown of physical guidebooks. The decline is attributed to free quality content online and convenient smartphone apps. Besides, guidebooks’ comprehensiveness harm s innovation and recommended businesses ultimately get slack and lose edge. However, offering different experience, guidebooks still have room for existence currently. (55 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.From Burn Survivor to Global InspirationLast October, the Kona Ironman World Championship witnessed an unbelievable finish. Turia Pitt, an Australian woman who suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully challenged herself.Pitt spent 864 days in a hospital and went through more than 200 operations. Doctors said she would never run again, but she proved them wrong.Crossing the line in the Hawaiian darkness, Pitt showed incredible emotion as the race commentator (现场解说员) announced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, peoplearound the world applauded her determination.Apart from continuing to be a star athlete, Pitt is also a motivational speaker now. She is sharing her journey of recovery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believes saved her life.Pitt was 24 years old when she and five others encountered the fire. Doctors had to remove the burnt skin and replace it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were forced to search abroad. They finally found skin that could be used in the United States.“I’m not being dramatic, but it was the skin that saved my life,” said Pitt. “I decided to live my life to the best of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungrateful for their gift.”So Pitt set herself a big goal: the Kona Ironman World Championship. In order to compete, she had to first learn how to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweating and regulating her body temperature.Despite these disadvantages, Pitt completed the race in just 14 hours. She said this achievement would not be possible without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.Keys:Turia Pitt met with a fire during a marathon and got severely burnt 6 years ago. But she eventually survived and recovered with the donated skin. What inspired people more was that she finished the Kona Ironman World Championship despite all the disadvantages she had after the surgery. She is now promoting organ donation with her own recovery experience. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” thatmatters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores—one marker of elite colleges—didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them—either because of rejection or by their own choice—are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmates.”Keys:By asking the students to guess the colleges some celebrities attended and to investigate the educational background of their successful acquaintances, high school programmes indicate that the successful people don’t necessarily graduate from famous colleges.According to a research, not the universities people attended but their proper time management, efforts and willingness contribute most to lifelong success. (57 words)/By launching a campaign in which the students get to know the educational background of some famous and successful people, some high school instructing projects are intended to reveal that compared with the colleges the students attend, the efforts they made during the college count. Besides, students’ willingness and the eagerness to learn account more for lifelong success.(58 words)/With worthwhile guidance counseling programmes informing not “Where you go” but proper time management counts, the students and their parents are shocked to discover some celebrities didn’t graduate from first-class university. Nationwide research found high SATs didn’t mean high income. Those who applied but rejected will be successful if motivated, ambitious and active in learning. (55 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sales strategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultative?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed prese ntation tailored to a consumer’s needs. More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations value creativity and analytical skills.Keys:Such sales strategies as narrative, suggestive and consultative strategies can improve a company’s sales. The narrative strategy refers to a standard presentation suitable for buyers with similar motives, while the suggestive strategy means the salesperson should offer alternative choices of a particular customer. Finally, the presentation in consultative strategy is designed to meet a consumer’s specific needs.(60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beg gars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them。
上海市各区2016-2017年高三英语一模汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)--老师版(全部带答案精准校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are You Ready for Your Exam?So, it‘s the exam time again -- have you done the necessary work to get good marks? Sleeping with the textbook under the pillow(枕头) in the hope that knowledge will be magically absorbed into your brain as you sleep doesn‘t work. The best strategy is to space your practice out, rather than cram(死记硬背) it all together. It means hit the books early!In an article in the British newspaper The Guardian, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Sheffield, UK, advises: ―If you organi ze five hours of study into one hour a day, you‘ll remember more than if you study for five hours on one day.‖Don‘t rely on memory alone -- get pen and paper and start working. Students who can test themselves in advance will be better at getting back material from their memory and learn that material in the long run. John Dunlosky, Professor of Psychology at Kent State University in the US, sugge sts that ―you start by reading a textbook using your favourite highlighter(荧光笔) and favourite colours, but then you go back and make flashcards of all the critical concepts and instead of just rereading those, you basically try to test yourselves on them.‖Good revision should give you confidence, but if you are still anxious, there‘s no harm in indulging(放任) in a personal routine. In Japan, it seems to be a tradition for students to eat Katsudon before a test. This is a warm bowl of rice topped with egg and a deep-fried pork cutlet. The name of the dish reminds people of the word ‗katsu‘, meaning ‗winning‘.For some students in South Korea, the key to success is not washing their hair before sitting an exam because they believe they could wash all the knowledge out of their head. And in different parts of the world there are always those who swear by their ‗lucky underwear‘.The bottom line is that you need to study, sleep well on the eve of the test, eat a nutritious meal, drink plenty of water and believe that your efforts will pay off. Good luck in your exam!Keys:The best strategy to achieve good results in the exam is to study books early. According to experts, time management and self-testing in advance will also do you good. Furthermore,habitual psychological hint is helpful, too. Meanwhile, other factors such as necessary preparations, good sleep, nutritious diet and self-confidence can pay off your efforts as well. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Super Size MeFast food, otherwise known as junk food, is a huge passion for a large number of people across the Western world. But what would happen if you ate lots of junk food, every day? Would it seriously damage your health? These were the questions which led Morgan Spurlock, an independent film-maker, to do an experiment, which he made into a documentary film entitled Super Size Me.The main basis of his experiment was that Spurlock promised to eat three McDonald‘s meals a day, every day, for a month. He could only eat food from McDonald‘s and every time an employee asked if he would like to ―super size‖ the meal, he had to agree. ―Super sizing‖ refers to the fact that with this type of meal you get a considerable larger portion of everything.Spurlock knew that by eating three McDonald‘s meals a day, he would consume a lot of fat and a great deal of salt and sugar in each meal—much more than he needed. Although Spurlock knew he would put on a bit of weight, and that this diet was unhealthy, he wasn‘t quite prepared for just how unhealthy it turned out to be. The changes in his body were horrifying in the first week, he put on 4.5 kilos and by the end of the thirty days he had gained nearly 14 kilos, bringing his total weight to a massive 98kg.Spurlock says ―I‘d love people to walk out of the movie and say, ‘Next time I‘m not going to ―super size‖. Maybe I‘m not going have any junk food at all. I‘m going to sit down and eat dinner with my kids, with the TV off, so that we can eat healthy food, talk about what we‘re eating and have a relationship with each other.‘‖ Food for thought indeed.Keys:Spurlock made an experiment to test the damage of eating lots of junk food and made adocumentary film later. In the one-month experiment, Spurlock ate three super size McDonald‘s meals every day if required, thus causing terrible increase in his weight. Spurlock hopes the film can help people establish a healthy eating habit. (56 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.We are surrounded by information telling us what‘s good for us and what isn‘t, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It‘s hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free‘ milk? Tofu or chicken? It‘s hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in thegarden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating.Keys:Food choices affect health and behavior.However, it‘s not easy to make healthy ones.Because confusing/contradictory food informationand misleading food labels are making shopping difficult/a challenge. Urban gardening is a good way to making healthy food choices.Urban gardening also have other benefits: getting fresh and cheap food, a way of exercise and learning food knowledge for children. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The advantages of social networkingWhy do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on am almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.Keep up-to-date,however,doesn‘t have to be restricted to fr iends and acquaintances(相识的人）.What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may not be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about their gigs(现场演唱会）or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists‘ work and to interact with their favourite artist.Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organise an event with your friends. Thanks to different settings people can organise their friends by different criteria(标准）. These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.Keys:Social networking sites benefit people in several different ways. Not only do they allow people to keep in close touch with friends old or new ,but they provide potential job opportunities and encourage online business promotion plus interaction.Moreover, they facilitate the organization of various events, connecting people with similar hobbies or preferences globally.(54words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are we born with a preference for certain kinds of faces? Or is it just something that people learn, without realizing it? To find out, psychologist Judith Langlois and her team at the University of Texas in Austin worked with young children and babies.The researchers showed each baby photos of two faces. One face was more attractive than the other. The scientists then recorded how long the infants looked at each face.Babies spent longer viewing the attractive faces than the unattractive ones. That meant they preferred the pretty faces. These findings suggest that people prefer pretty faces very early in life. However, it‘s still possible that we learn that preference. After all, Schein, who worked with Judith, points out, ―By the time we test infants, they already have experience with faces.‖That experience can make a difference. Research conducted at the University of Delaware found that babies‘ brains are better at processing faces from their own race. So infants quickly come to prefer these faces, Schein says.It‘s well-known in psychology that familiar things are more attractive, says Coren Apicella. She is a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. ―Perhaps average faces aremore attractive because they seem more familiar.‖Indeed, her research backs this up. Apicella and Little worked with two groups of young adults: British and Hadza. The Hadza are hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, a nation in East Africa. Apicella chose them for her experiment because they had not been exposed to Western culture and standards of beauty.She showed people from both groups two images and asked which was more attractive. One image was an average of five British faces or five Hadza faces. The other was an average of 20 British faces or 20 Hadza faces. People of both cultures preferred the face that was more average —that is, compiled from 20 faces instead of five. The British participants found both Hadza and British faces beautiful. The Hadza, in contrast, preferred only Hadza faces.―The Hadza have little experience with European faces and probably do not know what an average European face looks like,‖ Apicella concludes. ―If they don't know what it looks like, how can they prefer it?‖Her findings show how biology and the environment work together to shape our values. ―The prefere nce for average itself is biologically based,‖ Apicella says. But people must first experience other faces to learn what an average face should look like.Keys:Babies‘ preference to attractive faces indicates people begin to prefer pretty faces at an early age. Researches show average faces are more attractive because they are more familiar to people. Meanwhile, people‘s experience with faces matters a lot. The more people experience with certain faces, the more preference they will have to the average of these faces. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness, namely, temporary loneliness, situational loneliness, and chronic(长期的) loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation - for example a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems in socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person‘s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Keys:There are three types of Loneliness.Temporary loneliness disappears quickly and can be neglected. Situational loneliness is caused by the change of circumstance, which may lead to problems.Chronic Loneliness lasts the longest and is harmful. The victims often feel hopeless. Loneliness is usually caused when people need more social contacts than they have. (53 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity alter an injury or money loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat.Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates ourbrains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. But the complexity of music provokes (激发)the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies dueto complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people, helping relieve stress and anxiety.Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release endorphin (内啡肽).Endorphins are the body‘s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother‘s womb. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person's heart rate. Al present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, day cares and schools.Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstreamtreatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. Sonext time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you.Keys:Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness. Because our brain can be stimulated by responding to music, different kinds of music have different effects. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to produce effects to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is regarded as an effective additional to treatment. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症)has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengershighlight the conflict betweenairlines‘ needs and basic passenger rights.Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro,an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disrupted by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.Many airlines have responded to the growing obesityby insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a ―fat tax‖). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do with the condition of the weight.The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through.In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn‘t charged anything extra.However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.―We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it viol ates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,‖ she says. ―The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.‖Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‗one-person, one-fare‘ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‗clinically obese‘ and who cannot fit into a single seat.Keys:With the increasing obesity, airline one-size-fits-all seats can‘t satisfy the needs of obese passengers. To solve the conflict between airlines‘ needs and passenger rights, many airlines ask overweight passengers to pay more to fly, because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled, including fat passengers, should be protected instead of being charged more. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Gene Therapy―We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,‖ said James Watson. Watson is a molecular(分子的) biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective (有缺陷的) cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.Keys:Gene therapy, which prevents or cures disease by inserting healthy genes into defective cells rather than by means of surgery or medicine, is changing the treatment of disease revolutionarily. Though in the initial phases, gene therapy has been successful in treating both children and older patients with genetic disease. However, more research is called for to ensure its security. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would ―seriously consider‖ teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: ―I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.‖It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don‘t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here‘s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: ―I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.‖The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers‘ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in o ther professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.Keys:Secondary schools in UK experienced difficulties recruiting young teachers. The reasons are low salary and kid‘s bad behavior, which push talents to business occupations with twice income. Therefore, poorly behaved students need to obey stricter rules and parents need to discipline them at home. Also, government should increase teachers‘ income and promote a teaching campaign todisplay teaching‘s bright side. (60 words)/It is reported that many secondary schools in UK have trouble enrolling young teachers due to the low salary and the bad behavior of the youth in school. To change the situation, parents should be strict with the kids to back teachers up and the government are encouraged to improve teachers‘ income and publicize the positive image of teaching. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it‘s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you‘re ―hot‖. That‘s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: ―Get up, John! You‘ll be late for work again!‖ The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can‘t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you‘re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won‘t change your cycle, but you‘ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.Keys:Everyone has an energy cycle, which is individually different. When your body temperature reaches the peak, you‘ll feel most energetic. Though we can‘t change the cycle, we can form some habits to make our life fit better and avoid many conflicts with people. Additionally, getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save our energy. (60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Now another American education icon may be disappearing: the hardbound textbook. More and more school districts are replacing traditional textbooks with electronic ones. Electronic textbooks are usually accessed either through an online server or are downloaded to student laptops.In North Texas, Plano and Irving schools are introducing e-books into a few classrooms, and Lancaster school officials also are considering them. But no local district appears to be going as far as Forney. The district most likely would be the first in the state to use e-books in every classroom for grades five to twelve.Officials point out several reasons for turning to e-books. For one, they are easier to update. Thus the publishers are able to find ways to do online textbooks and they can go back and change information. Using e-books will better prepare students for college and the workplace.Rapid district growth is another reason. The number of the students in the district is expected to double within five years. It‘s difficult to know textbook needs in advance and some students wait months for their books. But e-books can be uploaded onto a ―blank‖ laptop in a few hours.Cost may eventually be a deciding cause for choosing e-books, but here are no big savings yet. Even if they get it electronically, they still have to pay for the book because they‘re buying the instructional material. That may change as more and more districts move towards e-books.Today‘s students have little trouble adjusting to laptops and e-books, said Connie Cooley, who has taught at the Academy of Irving ISD for five years. But she said it could worry teachers.―It‘s harder for people who are right around my age and older.‖ said Ms. Cooley, 36. ―I‘m。
金山英语高考一模试卷
一、听力部分（共25小题，每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）Section A1. W: Hi, John! Are you ready for the English exam?M: Yes, I think so. I've studied hard for it.Q: What are they talking about?2. W: The weather is so hot today. Do you think we should take an umbrella?M: No, I don't think it will rain.Q: What does the man mean?3. W: I can't find my book. Do you know where it is?M: I think you left it on the table.Q: What is the woman looking for?4. W: How do you like your new job?M: It's interesting, but it's also challenging.Q: What does the man think about his new job?5. W: Have you seen my brother? He's not home yet.M: Yes, I saw him at the supermarket.Q: Where did the man see the woman's brother?Section B6. W: Can you help me with my homework?M: Sure, I can help you with it.Q: What does the man mean?7. W: I think I'll go to the gym after school.M: That's a good idea. It will help you stay healthy.Q: What does the man suggest?8. W: I can't find my phone. Do you know where it is?M: I think you left it in your bag.Q: What is the woman looking for?9. W: How was your vacation?M: It was great. I went to the beach and had a lot of fun.Q: What did the man do during his vacation?10. W: I'm going to study abroad next year.M: That's amazing. I wish I could do the same.Q: What does the man think about the woman's plan?二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）passage 1Last year, my family decided to go on a trip to the Great Wall of China. It was my first time visiting such a famous place, and I was excited to see it with my own eyes.We arrived at the Great Wall early in the morning. The sun was rising, and the sky was filled with beautiful colors. As we walked along the wall, we could see the mountains in the distance. The view was breathtaking.The Great Wall is an amazing engineering achievement. It's said that it took thousands of workers and many years to build. We learned a lot about the history and culture of China from our guide.I was amazed by the length and height of the wall. It's so big that it can be seen from space! We also visited a watchtower, where we could see the wall from above. It was an unforgettable experience.passage 2The Internet has become an integral part of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and do business. However, with great power comes great responsibility.One of the most significant advantages of the Internet is the ease of communication. We can now connect with people from all over the world in seconds. This has greatly facilitated global cooperation and understanding.Another advantage is the access to a vast amount of information. With just a few clicks, we can find information on any topic. This has made learning and research much more efficient.However, the Internet also has its drawbacks. One of the biggest issues is cyberbullying. Many people use the anonymity of the Internet to harass and intimidate others. This can have severe consequences on the mental health of the victims.Another problem is the spread of misinformation. With the ease of sharing information, it's difficult to discern between fact and fiction. This can lead to confusion and even panic.In conclusion, the Internet is a powerful tool that can bring many benefits. However, we must be responsible users and ensure that we use it for good purposes.passage 3Exercise is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. It not only improves physical fitness but also has numerous mental health benefits.Regular exercise can help reduce stress levels. When we exercise, our bodies release endorphins, which are natural mood lifters. This can help us feel more relaxed and happy.Exercise also helps improve our cognitive function. Studies have shown that regular physical activity can enhance memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. This is especially important for students who need to stay focused and productive.In addition to the mental health benefits, exercise is crucial for maintaining physical health. It can help prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Regular exercise also strengthens bones and muscles, making us more resistant to injuries.However, it's important to choose the right type of exercise for our needs. Some people prefer cardio exercises, while others enjoy strength training or yoga. It's essential to find an activity that we enjoy and can stick to.In conclusion, exercise is a vital component of a healthy lifestyle. By incorporating regular physical activity into our daily routines, we can improve our overall well-being.三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Many people believe that happiness is a goal to be achieved. However, happiness is not something that can be obtained through external means. Instead, it is an internal state that we can cultivate.The first step to cultivating happiness is to focus on the present moment. Often, we are too concerned about the future or regretting the past. By living in the present, we can appreciate the beauty of life and find joy in the small things.Another important aspect of happiness is gratitude. We often take for granted the things we have in life. By expressing gratitude, we can acknowledge the blessings we receive and appreciate them more.Additionally, practicing kindness and helping others can also contribute to our happiness. When we help others, we feel a sense of fulfillment and purpose. This can improve our self-esteem and overall well-being.However, happiness is not always easy to achieve. We may face challenges and setbacks along the way. It's important to be resilient and maintain a positive mindset. By embracing difficulties as opportunities for growth, we can learn and improve ourselves.In conclusion, happiness is a state of mind that we can cultivate through mindfulness, gratitude, kindness, and resilience. By focusing onthe present, appreciating what we have, and helping others, we can create a life filled with joy and fulfillment.四、写作部分（共1题，满分25分）Write an essay of about 150 words on the following topic: The Importance of Environmental Protection.In recent years, environmental protection has become a global concern. The rapid development of technology and industrialization has led to serious environmental problems, such as air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change. As a result, it is crucial for us to take immediate action to protect our environment.Firstly, environmental protection is essential for the survival of our planet. The natural resources on Earth are finite, and if we continue to exploit them without consideration, we may face severe consequences, such as natural disasters and the loss of biodiversity.Secondly, environmental protection is closely related to our health and well-being. Air and water pollution can cause various diseases, leading to a decline in our quality of life. Therefore, we need to take responsibility for our actions and strive to reduce pollution.Lastly, environmental protection is a shared responsibility. It requires the cooperation and participation of individuals, governments, and organizations. By working together, we can create a sustainable and healthy environment for future generations.In conclusion, environmental protection is of great importance. We should all take action to protect our planet and ensure a better future for ourselves and our descendants.。
2016~2017学年上海市金山区英语高考一模卷(含听力、答案)
金山区2016学年第一学期期末质量调研高三英语试卷(满分：140分考试吋间：120分钟） 2016.12Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.A. At the airport.B. At the hotel.C. At the restaurant.D. At the railway station.A. On TV.B. On the Internet.C. From the newspaper.D. From a friend.A. Husband and wife.B. Policeman and driver.C. Passenger and bus conductor.D. Boss and secretary.A. At 1:00 pm.B. At 1:30 pm.C. At 2:00 pm.D. At 2:30 pm.A. She found it very interesting.She found it very boring.She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes.She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes.A. Make a recovery plan.B. Find a full-time job.C. Drop out of school.D. Resign from her present job.A. Shopping with his son.B. Promoting a new product.C. Buying a gift for a kid.D. Bargaining with a salesgirl.A. He is always late for work.He is having some financial problems.He is not careful enough with his work.He loses his temper easily.A. It is too hot in the room.She wants to avoid meeting people.She wants to smoke a cigarette outside.She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale.Mr. Dale has become director of the department.Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague.Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have ever heard.Questions 11 through13 are based on the following passage. n. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall.Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom.Professors teach through real world experiences.Students appreciate classroom learning.A. To praise the professor.B. To support his point of view.C. To praise his friend.D. To advise us to study psychology.A. Learning through firsthand experience is important.B. Students learn a lot from textbooks.Students develop their creativity through textbooks.Students get firsthand information from textbooks.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull.Consumers travel more now than ever before.Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made.Out-of-home ads are easier to understand.A. Quick to update.B. Pleasant to look at.C. Easy to remember.D. Convenient to obtain.A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising.New forms of effective advertising.The disadvantages of traditional advertising.Effective ways to do effective advertisements.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.A. Her story of completing a task.B. Her experience of being lost.C. Her trip abroad.D. Her success in career.A. Met his friends.B. Attended a lecture.C. Gave a performance.D. Had a trip.A. By following a man.B. By looking at a map.C. By asking an old woman.D. By asking the policeman for help.A. He cannot stand the noise in the bar.B. He has a poor memory.C. He doesn’t speak German.D. He doesn’t like to wear T-shirts.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Rail-life adventures of two generationsWhen I was 17, I decided to go InterRailing with my friend Bella for a week in summer. Both of us had chosen to study German at university and we decided that train travel in Germany would be the ideal way (21) (practice) the language.(22)______ ________ ________I told my mum, she began to give me tips (23)(base) on her own InterRail experience in the 1970s.I would, she insisted, need (24)______extra-thick sleeping bag “for when you sleep outside”.I would need to pack oatmeal, raisins and nuts and dried soup. She even suggested a camping stove.As she told tales of sleeping on train floors, on platforms, and even once in a barn, I began to get a little worried. (25)______had I let myself in for?In fact, my InterRail experience was quite different. Bella and I googled youth hostels. They were pretty basic—six people to a room, stale cereal for breakfast, no curtains—but fine. We never slept on a train once. InterRail trip was certainly not as economical as my mother's. My ticket (26)________ (cost) £187(1,954 yuan), and I spent £30 a day on cheap food and extra ticket supplements.But I met some (27)_______(amaze) people on the trains, and practiced my German with everyone (28)______businessmen to artists.In my mother's eyes I (29) _______not have had a “real” InterRail experience—but I still had an adventure. I learned about other countries, other people and about myself.Bella and I argued over lost luggage, complained about each other --- and ended up even (30) _______ (good) friends than we had before.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. brakeB. victimsC. issuedD. confirmedE. paceF. typicallyG. multiple H. critically I. slippery J. canceled K. visibilityNINE people died and 43 were injured in two rear-end crashes on Shanghai’s S32 Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.Two were 31_____ dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.Police first received a report at 5:54 am that 32______ vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhe jinag Province’s Jiaxing and Huzhou.Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.Some drivers reported that the road was very 33____- and braking had led to vehicles losing control.“The fog was very heavy,” an unidentified driver told Shanghai Television Station. “When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and 34______ . But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control.”Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. “One of the 35_____ died on the road to the hospital,” Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospital, told the television station. “Three were 36_____ injured.”The city’s meteorological authority 37_____ an orange alert on heavy fog at 6:06 am, meaning 38_____ would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was 39_____ at 9:44am. This was Shanghai’s first orange alert of heavy fog since the arrival of autumn.Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning.Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport’s traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but picked up the 40______ after the orange alert was canceled, the city’s television station said.III. ReadingComprehension Section BDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new idea called ‘business at the speed of thought’ is quite popular in business world. It makes quick marketing progress, but it also presents a 41______ way to run a company. Here’re the main 42________ : The businesses today that will succeed are those able to jump around in high spirits. Chances must be seized immediately and decisions made quickly. Everyone needs more immediate answers, and the window of expected 43 to any questions has dropped from weeks to days even to hours.The problem with this way of thinking is that too often such quickness comes at the expense of 44_____ understanding the details of a situation. Sure, the networked society allows us to gather information within a short time, but does it really 45_____ up our ability to make better decisions? How do you balance the 46______ for speed with sharp and correct thinking? That5s the 47______ on the minds of a lot of people these days, including Future Shock author, Alvin Toffler, who studies the idea in our cover story. It’s also a___48___ of a new study by Kepner Tregoe. It reports that 77 percent of managers believe that during the past three years the number of decisions they made each workday has increased. But 85 percent of those same people say the time given to making those decisions has either ____49__ or stayed the same. Result: Speed kills. Different opinions are not shared. Other choices are 50______ too easily. Aims never seem to be clear.____51____ , good records aren’t kept about how successful decisions are made. If your company really does well, the Kepner report suggests ___52___ the decision-making process and figuring out what you did right. Study your successes, as well as your failures.Fast decision-making is a necessity sometimes-no question about that. But decisions are only as good as the 53____ go into them. By that measure, many of today’s decisions are weak and could 54_____ some companies at the knees. Business may be keeping the quickness of _55_____ ,but it’s going to be torn to pieces if managers are not thinking with great care and patience.A. numerousB. clearC. dangerousD. brightA. pointsB. mattersC. solutionD. barriersA. responseB. rejectionC. acceptanceD. methodsA. rapidlyB. properlyC. timelyD. widelyA. arouseB. cultivateC. declineD. speedA. techniqueB. thirstC. passionD. needA. ideaB. thoughtC. doubtD. puzzleA. subjectB. aimC. projectD. discoveryA. decreasedB. changedC. increasedD. lengthenedA. madeB. acceptedC. dismissedD. discussedA. OtherwiseB. On the contraryC. For exampleD. ThereforeA. setting asideB. breaking outC. turning outD. taking apartA. questionsB. thoughtsC. eyesD. brainsA. cut upB. cut offC. turn downD. turn offA. expandingB. runningC. thoughtD. explorationSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)We do not stop playing because we are old; we ^row old because we stop playing. That’s what I learnt from my new and special friend. On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t know.I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I’m eighty- seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may!” She gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such a young innocent age?” I asked jokingly. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she replied. After class we walked to the Students Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake there. We became instant friends.Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop.I was always listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends whenever she went. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I’ll never forget what she taught us.“There is a huge difference between growing old er and growing up. Anybody can grow old. That doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don’t have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets. ”She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Song of Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics (歌词）and live them out in our daijy life. At the year’s end, Rose finished the colleg e degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.56.What happened to the author on the first day of school?A. He joined the Student Union.B. He got to know an old professor.C. He made the acquaintance of an old lady.D. He had to share a milkshake with others.57,In the author’s eyes,_____________.A. Rose was silent and skilled.B. Rose was talented and hardworking.C. Rose was innocent and generous.D. Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring.58. Which saying might Rose possibly support?A. Rome was not built in a day.B. One is never too old to learn.C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.D. Great minds think alike.(B)59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT_________.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD. daily schedules60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to_______A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT________.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.(C)Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, out traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素).The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位），” Cerling said. “It’s good for eliminatin g many possibilities.”Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said, “But it narrows its way down for me.”63.What is the scientists’ new discovery?A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.C. A person s hair may reveal where they have lived.D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.64. What does the author mean by “You’re what yo u eat and drink.” in Para.3?A. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C. Food and drink affect one’s personality development.D. Food and drink are similar to one’s existence.65. What is said about the rainfall in American’s West?A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.66.What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youneed.A. Men and women dream about different things.B. A person5s dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone.C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freudwrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that(67)___________.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68)___________For exampre, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69)_________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70)_________The dream may have meaning, but it does notmean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语）as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habi t can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening butfeel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲）and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏陶。
2017-2018学年上海高三英语一模语法填空汇编（附答案）
2017-2018学年上海高三英语一模语法填空汇编（附答案）2017-2018学年高三英语一模语法填空汇编One【宝山区】Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Why My Best Friend Is a BookWriting about beliefs is hard. It makes you reach deep into your soul and truly look at what is there. It requires time and effort, and then hits you in the face and someone in the background says “Oh, why didn’t you think of that before?” Beliefs change, they mature and grow just (21)__________a child. The best beliefs are the ones that (22)________( cherish) throughout a lifetime. One belief I cherish above all others is the power and enjoyment of reading.Reading can be for fun and that learning is (23)_________(easy) when you’re having fun. Being able to relate to the characters, imagine the conflicts in your head,and feel the characters’ sadness, as well as their joy, is the most amazing thing about reading. A chance to live another life for a short time, to be another person, Reading lends the soul and mind a place (24)_________(escape). I would much rather pick up a good luck than watch a television show.Reading can teach us. Whether it’s a fantasy novel or a historical account, you learn when you read. It provides grammar and (25)_______(write) language skills. Reading teaches us about emotion. Reading gives you new words and expands yourvocabulary by forcing you to challenge yourself. In its own way it makes us feel the emotions of the characters. (26)________ ________ _________ you read, I believe you will learn, mind and soul.Reading can bring people together. I cannot count the number of new friends and people that have entered my life because of books. My stepmother, grandmother, and I all rad the same books.(27)________ is better than being able to share the tense moments, near misses, and happy endings while (28)________ (drink) a steaming cup of coffee together with someone. Reading allows you to lower your walls and let people in to form genuine chains. Plus people (29) ________read impressive books are usually pretty cool themselves!Over the years reading has been my companion. Always with a book in my purse, I have never faced the world without a best friend by my side. Books (30)________(help) me through difficult periods and applauded me in times of celebration. Books always make me smile. That’s the biggest reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy.答案：21. like 22. are cherished 23. easier24.to escape25. written26. As long as27. Nothing28. drinking 29. who/that30. have helpedTwo【虹口区】Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.How to Deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?There are always some people radiating negativity in thework place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show t oo much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to improve the situation.”Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.”But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.” he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognit ion than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usu ally disappear.”答案：21.are treated22. whose23. others24. because (since, as)25. that26. whether (if)27. extended28. telling29. to fix30. GiveThree【黄浦区】Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Norway is Teaching Travelers to TravelAfter 15 people died during Easter in 1967, the Norwegian Trekking Association and the Red Cross announced their campaign ‘Welcome to the mountains, but be responsible’. Fjellvettreglene, the ‘mountain code’ (21) ______ encourages people to have a healthy and respectful relationship with nature, has since become a crucial part of Norwegian culture. It includes points such as bringing necessary equipment (22) ______ (assist) yourself and others, seeking shelter if necessary and feeling no shame in turning around.Nationally, Norway (23) ______ (experience) an 11% increase in tourism in the past decade. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock that stands horizontallyout of the mountain, (24) ______ (see) 1,800 visitors in one 2017 day alone. Why? Because people want the same picture they see on Instagram and Facebook. A lot don’t care about the experience of the hike. They just want proof (25) ______ they did it. But, while good for the economy, this tourism boom has become a th reat (26) ______ Norway’s natural environ ment.Used toilet paper, (27) ______ (abandon) tents and plastic bottles can be found littered all around Trolltunga. And with the high amount of people who come unprepared for such an active hike, Norway’s leading hiking group, Friluftsliv, also has calle d for regulations on the number of tourists (28) ______ (hike) to Trolltunga. Lasse Heimdal, leader of th e outdoor organization said, “On a busy day, you may have to wait in line for an hour and a half just to get a picture. T o control this, we’d like to regulate (29) ______ _____ people can hike in a day. Starting hike times should also have regulations so p eople don’t start too late and find (30) ______ stuck up here.”答案：21. which/that22. to assist23. has experienced24. saw25. that26. to 27. abandoned28. hiking29. how many30. themselvesFour【金山区】Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.At first glance, these impressive images look like moment captured by a talented photographer. But you cannot always believe what you see. These pictures, with their incredible photographic details, are in fact the creations ____21___ (draw) byScottish hyper-realist Paul Cadden.With often nothing more than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artist produces elaborate drawings that could easily ___22___ (mistake) for the work of any modern digital camera. From the wrinkles on a woman’s face and beads of water, to a breath of smoke from a cigarette, Cadeen is able to capture ___23___ (complicated) features of his subjects in such painstaking detail that the images look astonishingly real.Cadden said he began drawing at a very young age and has always been interested in art. With some experience in animation and graphic design, he moves into hyper-realism ___24___ he has a special gift for capturing details.His creations reflect his love for details, with a single image __25_____ (take) up to six weeks to produce. Working with pencil, graphite and white chalk, Cadden is able to create seven poster-size pieces a year, ___26__ sell for up to $5,000 each.The artist explained that he does not want people to focus completely on the techniques involved in his pieces. “I want them to think about the work and ___27____ I’m actually drawing,” he said, “I prefer to study the internal aspect of the subject ___28___ _______ focus solely on the external part.”Now, Cadden is planning to take his pieces to more foreign countries, and to hold exhibitions in China, Cuba and Brazil. He hopes to get established enough __29____ (make) a living from his work. “I want to be doing lots of exhibitions in five years’ time. To have a successful solo show is a long-cherished dream of mine,” he said. “It’s such a fantastic feeling ___30___ somebody buys your paintings and you know the paintings are sitting somewhere in their houses.”答案：21. drawn 22. be mistaken23. the most complicated 24.Because25. taking26. which27. what(ever)/ all/ everything/something 28. rather than29. to make30. when/if Five【松江区】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In our busy lives, family is what we (26) ________ be saving our moneyand time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________ ________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is the one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.21. most memorable 22. Joining 23. were milked/were being milked24. from25. how 26. should27. to buy 28. Involving 29. so that 30. WhatSix【长宁区&嘉定区】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Developing Competent TeachingNations that have greatly improved their students’ achievement, such as Finland, Korea, Singapore, and others, attribute much of their success to their focused investments inteacher preparation and development.21 (Create) a system that can routinely hire and prepare teachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena(竞技场) in which the United States 22 (fall) behind the most. Although there are some great teachers in every community, the landscape of the supports for quality teaching looks like Swiss cheese. In some states, the holes are smaller, and in others they are bigger. But in no case is there a fully 23 (develop) system of instructional support even remotely comparable to that in high-achieving nations. And of course, as we have seen, the system is weakest in communities 24 students’ needs are greatest.Some have argued that the answer to weak teaching in the United States is to eliminate “barriers” to teaching, such as teacher education and certification requirements, allow anyone who wants to teach into the classroom, and fire those who prove not to be effective. Although the interest in teaching effectiveness is important, this approach does not offer strategy 25 (ensure) that teachers will have opportunities to gain the knowledge and skills they need in order to be effective, or that all schools will have the resources to attract and hire the best teachers. 26 does it protect the students in low-income schools, who will be the victims of unprepared and inexperienced teachers in the years until these teachers have demonstrated their incapability and left the field.A regulation 27 (focus) on easy access and easy firing ignores the question of how to develop widespread teaching skills and ensure a strong supply of highly able teachers for schools.28 such supply, principals will be unable to hire strong teachers even if they are free to hire whomever they are pleased with, and, evidence shows that schools are unlikely to fire weakteachers, 29 they feel they won’t be able to replace them. Even if they do, there is little guarantee that the quality of teaching 30 (improve). Although there are good reasons to argue for stronger evaluation practices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, a theory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticks alone leaves the development of teaching abilities to chance.21.Creating22. has fallen23.developed 24. where 25.to ensure26. Nor27. focusing/focused 28. Without 29. because/since/for/as 30. will improve/will be improved Seven【闵行区】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Honesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so I thought.I had just started working in geriatrics (老年病科). Mr. McMahon (21)________(bring) in when his body was found very swollen (浮肿的). I took a medical history (22)________ his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance. She’d been his main carer for years. I stood (23)________(look) at him as she gave a detailed history. “Has he lost any weight recently?” I asked, “Well, it’s funny you should mention that, but yes.” She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. “Why? What are you worried about?” she as ked. She was obviously very involvedin his care and it was only fair that I told (24)________ the truth. “Well, we need to prove it’s not cancer.”I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later, a nurse called m e: “Mr. McMahon’s daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer.” My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed (25)________ he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. “Why on earth did you do that?” she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. “She asked me what I was worried about and I told her.” I said, hanging my head. “And give her more (26)________(worry) about?” replied my consultant. “You don’t say the word ‘cancer’ until it’s confirmed. (27)________ ________ you suspect it, think very carefully before you t ell people.”(28)________ it turned out, it wasn’t cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they’re sometimes selective in (29)________ they hear－and as a doctor it’s important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I’d made the situation (30)________(bad).21. was brought 22. from 23. looking 24. her 25. that26. to worry27. Even if 28. As 29. what 30. worse评分标准: 1、第27，28题大小写。
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模汇编：阅读理解B篇(带答案精准校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Shanghai Disneyland: Attractions and TipsWelcome to a never-before-seen world of wonder where you can arouse the magical dream within your heart. This is Shanghai Disneyland, a fun experience filled with creativity, adventure and thrills for Guests of all ages! Set your sights on Enchanted Storybook Castle -- the largest Disney castle on the planet -- and then get ready to explore as you discover 6 unique and unforgettable lands: Mickey Avenue, Gardens of Imagination, Fantasyland, Adventure Isle, Treasure Cove and Tomorrowland.Opening HoursSaturday: 09:00 -- 20:00Ticket BookingVisitors can book tickets on the official website or mobile app of the park or by calling 400-180-0000 / 86-21-31580000. They can also follow the official Wechat accountShangHaiDisneyResort to book a ticket. Of course, ticketscan be bought at the entrance, but there may be a longqueue. Visitors need to show passports or ID cards tobook tickets and enter.Five Things You S houldn’t Miss●TRON Lightcycle Power Run●Pirates of the Caribbean Battle for the SunkenTreasure●“Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade●Enchanted Storybook Castle●Broadway-style show The Lion KingSpecial RecommendationThe cartoon characters Judy and Nick in Zootopia, the animated movie whose box office hit $1 billion globally in 2016, will be added to Disney’s signature “Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade, said Robert Iger, the president and CEO of Walt Disney.Things to Remember●Only well-packaged food and water are allowed.●Selfie sticks, large tripods, folding chairs, and large luggage are banned.●Visitors above 16 should not be dressed in cartoon, movie and comic costumes.●Disney Fastpass tickets for free can save you from waiting in a long queue.●Comfortable sneakers are strongly recommended for a long walk during the day.●Animals are not allowed to enter as well, excluding guide dogs.60. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Enchanted Storybook Castle is a must-see sightB. Broadway-style show The Lion King is a 3D movieC. “Mickey’s Storybook Express” Parade earns $1 billion in 2016D. Pirates of the Caribbean Battle for the Sunken Treasure is an animated movie61. What day is supposed to be the busiest day according to the passage?A. Thursday.B. Friday.C. Saturday.D. Sunday.62. It can be concluded from the last part of the passage that ______.A. blind people are not allowed to visit the landsB. visitors can only eat and drink at certain placesC. cartoon costumes and uncomfortable sneakers are bannedD. Disney Fastpass tickets can help visitors enter the lands fastKeys: 60-62: ACDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)✓OverviewExplore Stewart Island and the surrounding bays in our modern mini-buses. Our guides enjoy sharing their local knowledge of the history and environment of Stewart Island. Highlights include Lee Bay, the gateway to Rakiura National Park, beautiful Horseshoe Bay and amazing views of✧More information♦Departure location: Oban Visitor Centre.♦What to bring: Comfortable walking shoes or boots, waterproof jacket, warm sweater or fleece jacket, sunscreen or sunglasses, insect repellent and camera.♦Car parking: Vehicle parking is available at Oban (extra cost—reservations recommended).♦Wheelchair access: Available.♦Children ticket: Children under ten go free for travel as long as they are accompanied by an adult.✧Reviews♦“There was so much to see and learn that it was hard to take everything in. The bays we stopped at were beautiful with golden sandy beaches, the forests were overpoweringand we expected dinosaurs to appear at any time, the views from lookout point weresplendid and the anchor point with Bluff brought a smile. Thank you to Chris and theexperienced team for such an informative tour.”Ron P♦“Any visitor to Stewart Island could do no bett er than take one of the guided tours from the Oban Visitor Centre—especially if you only have limited time available. We hadthe delightful and extremely informative Kylie conduct a small number on one of thevillage tours. This is a beautiful place—a few fascinating shops and restaurants,wonderful walks and warm and friendly people.”Michael Mason “I love finding out about places and the guide was full of information and stories as we visited every interesting place and view in Oban (it didn’t take too long...). A great wayto start a visit as it helps you know where everything is.”Kiwieric60. If a traveler plans to leave a car at Oban, he had better ________.A. refer to the guides firstB. use wheelchair accessC. make a reservationD. walk to the center in advance61. Herry, a six-year-old boy, wanted to have a sightseeing of the Stewart Island with his parents. How much should they pay for the mini-bus tour?A. $135.B. $90.C. $ 45.D. Free.62. If a traveler takes the guided tour, he can experience all the following EXCEPT ________.A. breath-taking sceneryB. charming walksC. dinosaur samplesD. detailed tour guideKeys: 60-61 CBCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)In four countries with fast-developing economies (BRIC) – Brazil, Russia, India, and China –the agricultural sector has become a proving ground for innovation. Juergen Voegele, a World Bank agriculture expert, predicts that “by transformin g agriculture,we will not only meet the challenge of feeding nine billion peopleby 2050 but do so in ways that create wealth and reduce itsenvironmental footprint.”BRAZILSoybeans on the RisePreserving the Amazon rain forest is a top priority for Brazil.The rapid expansion of soybean and cattle farming there during the 1990s and early 2000s led to alarming rates of deforestation. Over the past ten years, however, with government support, activists and famers have protected more than 33,000 square miles of rain forest – an area equal to more than 14 million soccer fields. Saving these forests has kept 3.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of atmosphere.Yet even under these land restrictions, Brazil’s soybean production has increased. The country is n ow the world’s second largest producer of the crop. How did this happen?Farmers focused on efficiency. Using new machinery and early maturing seeds enabled them to squeeze an additional planting into the standard growing season. According to the U.S. Depa rtment of Agriculture, Brazil’s 2014-15 soybean crop has hit a record 104.2 million tons, up 8.6 million tons from the year before, as farmers have made better use of their fields. This progress, says the World Bank’s Juergen Voegele, is an example of how “producing more food coexist with protecting the environment.”60. According to Juergen Voegele, innovation in agriculture will lead to all the following except ___________.A. increased wealthB. the solution to the world’s food crisisC. less impact on natureD. the challenging of feeding the world’s population61. Which one is the appropriate number to fill in the blank in the chart?A. 95.6B. 104.2C. 14D. 8.662. What is the most important problem Brazil is faced with?A. Feeding nine billion people by 2050.B. Increasing its soybean production.C. Protecting its rain forest from deforestation.D. Enhancing its farmers’ efficiency.Keys: 60—62 DBCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Clare College CambridgeClare is the second oldest college in Cambridge University, having initially been founded in 1326 and refounded by Elizabath de Clare in 1338. Today, we uphold her educational and social goals and College is a booming community of over 100 Fellows, 450 undergraduate students, 200 graduate students and 100 staff.The College welcomes visitors, but please remember it is a working environment supporting academic scholarship. We hope you will enjoy the beauty of the gardens and buildings, but it is essential that visitors:●conduct themselves quietly around the College;●avoid blocking paths or doorways;●do not enter areas marked “Private” or “Closed”Historic buildings have steep steps and some rough surfaces. So please mind your steps. Please help to maintain the appearance of the College grounds by:●not picnicking or dropping l itter;●keeping to the pathways in Old Court;●not smoking while on the College grounds.The Porters cabins provide first aid facilities. Unfortunately, Clare College does not have public toilets.PhotographyVisitors may use hand held cameras. Photography for commercial purposes requires prior permission in writing from the Head Porter.Preservation and DonationsClare College receives no state funding for the preservation of these historic buildings and gardens, but relies instead on donations. If you would like to support the work of the College, its buildings or gardens. Please contact the Development Office (http: www. ). We welcome inquires.59 . From the writing we can learn that Clare College ___________.A. only opens part of her buildings and gardens to the publicB. mainly gets the money from donators and the governmentC. enjoys a growing reputation as the second largest in Cambridge UniversityD. welcomes cameramen to take photos on campus for different purposes60. Suppose you are a tour guide with a group at Clare College, which of the following might truly put you to trouble?A. A couple insist enjoying their lunch on the lawn.B. A child needs to go to the bathroom all of a sudden.C. An elderly woman falls off the steps and hurts herself.D. Some tourists keep exchanging ideas in a loud voice.61. We can most probably get this piece of writing from ___________.A. the academic website of Cambridge UniversityB. the Development Office of Clare CollegeC. the Head Porter of Cambridge UniversityD. the main entrance of Clare CollegeKeys: 59-61 ABDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The first animals on earth were never able to achieve much in the world because they lived in the sea, which provided limited oxygen, and they had no backbone. For ages there were many kinds of these animals living in the sea and on land. They differed widely from each other and included such creatures as insects and worms. They had no brain, and therefore none of these animals without a backbone has ever been of much importance. They are wonderfully made but differ so widely that it is really impossible to arrange them in a simple order. However, those who study the different kinds of backboned animals find they can all be arranged in a simple way. More importantly, it is possible to show which class evolved first, which last, and so on.The five great classes of backboned animals are: fishes, amphibian, reptiles, birds and mammals. A common amphibian is the frog which is able to live in water and on land. A mammalfeeds its young by giving milk. There are very great differences between a fish, a frog, a horse, a bird and a man; yet they all have a backbone.A great step was taken when some creatures swam ashore. Perhaps it all began when the frog developed. Even today, a baby frog, the tadpole, begins as a fish, having gills (鳃),but then becomesa frog with lungs. The frog even develops feet and hands similar to ours inbone structure. Ages ago the first frog laid down the plan of the kind oflimbs(肢）which all backboned animals, including humans, have bad, thoughsome of them, like the bird, do not keep this kind of five-fingered limb alltheir lives.When the frog has grown from a tadpole to a backboned animal with four limbs, breathing air by means of lungs, it is very like certain of the next class of backboned animals-- the reptiles. The larger reptiles living on earth for many year ago were dinosaurs. Some of the smaller ones grew stretches of skin between their outspread fingers to form wings. We do know, from fessilized (化石的）remains, that the first birds were flying reptiles with sharp teeth. What a strange world it must have been during these times!59. The author believes that animals without backbones __________.A. had no brain so they did not surviveB. were difficult to classifyC. have been important creaturesD. are easily placed in order of arrival60. From the article we can know ___________.A. animals had a backbone but no brainB. insects came from wormsC. animals came from insectsD. the time order of species61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The first bird developed from a flying fish.B. The horse belongs to the amphibian family.C. The hand of a frog has four fingers and a thumb.D. All the animals have got backbones inside their body.62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. How Backboned Animals EvolvedB. How to Classify All Living ThingsC. The Life Cycle of a FrogD. How the First Bird FlewKeys: 59-62 BDCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)For centuries, mankind and dogs have suffered from acommunication failure. We can tell dogs what we wantthem to do and sometimes they comply, but we’ve alwaysstruggled when it comes to understanding the true meaningof their barks and whimpers. There is exciting news now - a dog translator called body harness (see the picture) has been invented to help you communicate with your furry friend.HOW IT WORKS●The platform itself is a harness that fits comfortably onto the dog, and which is equipped witha variety of technologies.●Wireless sensors can determine when they’re sitting, standing, running, etc, even whenthey’re out of sight.●The team developed software to collect, interpret and communicate those data, and totranslate human requests into signals on the harness through speakers and vibrating motors. WHAT’S FOR✧The harness could be used to train pets, guide dogs and other working animals.✧Sensors on the harness monitor the dog’s heart rate and body temperature.✧The sensor-packed harness can sense the a nimal’s movement, and the sounds it makes,letting the owner knows how they feel.✧Speakers and vibrating pads in the harness also allow owners to “talk back” to their animals.✧The harness is also intended for dogs involved in search and rescue and other front-line work.60. The word “comply” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.A. shoutB. obeyC. disappearD. attack61. Which of the following is NOT the intention of the harness?A. To create a better communication between dogs and human.B. To enable the dogs to do demanding jobs.C. To transfer human thoughts to the dogs by means of technology.D. To monitor dog’s communicative behaviors.62. Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage?A. New platform: for better performances of dogs.B. Harness: a two-way communication device.C. Dog care: a completely new way possible.D. Technology: toward healthier life of dogs.Keys: 60-62 BDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)EFP Courses provide courses in English language andBritish culture. Our courses are aimed at students agedbetween 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level orabove in English. The courses are held in Guildford, ahistoric town near London.Typical structure of a one-week course> up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)FULL BOARD(全食宿）with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016. Why choose EFP courses>in addition to our standard English classes, wc also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachers>we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course>we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for cither one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit efpcourses.co uk.See you in Guildford soon!56. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.57. Suppose you arc to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ________ .A. make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. hand in an application by visiting their website58. The purpose of this writing is to __________.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. offer group students access to BFP coursesC.demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses.KEYS: 60-62 DABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Join IMDb and Become a Founding Supporter of theAcademy Museum of Motion PicturesThe Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences isbuilding the world’s leading movie museum in the heart ofLos Angeles. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures, scheduled to open in 2017, will contain six stories of state-of-the-art galleries, exhibition spaces, movie theaters and educational areas. Through groundbreaking exhibitions and innovative programming, the Museum will explore how Hollywood and the film industry have shaped culture and creativity around the world. Designed by Renzo Piano, the Academy Museum will be located next to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) campus in the landmarked Wilshire May Company Building.To help ensure this long-held dream of the Academy becomes a reality, the Academy has launched a $300 million fundraising campaign, led by Bob Iger, Annette Bening and Tom Hanks. We hope you can join IMDb and the Academy Museum’s community of early supporters by making a gift to the campaign today. Or, sign up for the Academy Museum mailing list to hear about upcoming museum events and developments.Donate NowHelp make movie history and join in elite group of supporters, including IMDb, by making your contribution today.To see a full list of the Academy Museum founding supporters, click here. If you would like to make a donation or learn more about naming opportunities, please contact Christine Joyce Rodriguez, Manager of Annual Giving, at Christine.Rodriguez@ or 310 247 3040.60. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures is located________________ .A. in the downtown area of Los AngelesB. in the suburb of the city of Los AngelesC. in the Los Angeles County Museum of ArtD. in the centre of Wilshire May Company61. The Academy Museum of Motion Pictures will focus on________________ .A. the exhibition of film equipmentB. the impact of film industry on world cultureC. the popularity of Hollywood movie cultureD. the achievements of American galleries and theatres62. The passage is intended to________________ .A. promote the Academy Museum and make movie historyB. arouse people’s interest in the Academy MuseumC. raise enough money for the Academy MuseumD. help realize the Academy Museum founding supporters’ dreamsKeys: 60-62 ABCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）JENISON PUBLIC SCHOOLSJenison International Academy is excited to offer online, nonessential courses to international students. Kindly view the online elective options, as well as the enrollment process, below. The application window for part time enrollments will close on Friday, December 30, 2016.Online Courses Offered Grades 1-12Elective OpportunitiesPlease click to view our Elective Course Offerings.Part Time Enrollment at JIAStudents participating in the program are allowed to enroll in up to 4 elective courses each semester, and have the option to take 100% of their courses online or create a schedule combination of online and on-campus courses at Jenison Public Schools, which may also include Tech Center, Co-op, and other qualified programs.Student Application ProcessSTEP 1: Online PreparationPlease review the following Interactive Online Readiness Criteria. Please keep this form for your own records.Online Readiness CriteriaSTEP 2: Submit Forms & DocumentationBy completing the Part Time Enrollment Application, applicants are fulfilling the Virtual Learning and District-Required Documentation.Printed ApplicationParents or guardians can download, print, and complete the JIA Enrollment paperwork & JPS District Application. Mail, scan or fax all completed paperwork using the contact information provided on the first page.Printed ApplicationAdditional Required Documentation can be found within the enrollment packet.An email will be sent to the parent or guardian email account when a completed application has been received. Upon review and approval, a welcome message and course selection email will be issued to the same address.60. The courses are designed for _____.A. high-level students who are studying in Jenison Public SchoolsB. international students whose parents work in Jenison Public SchoolsC. foreign students who can’t study full time in Jenison International AcademyD. graduate students who want a part-time job in Jenison International Academy61. To get enrolled, one should _____.A. prepare both online and offlineB. print the Online Readiness CriteriaC. contact JIA in person beforehandD. email the JIA Enrollment paperwork62. What can be learned from the webpage?A. The enrollment should be applied on December 30, 2016.B. The parent or guardian needs to have an email account.C. The students need to study at least 8 courses each year.D. The courses can only be learned online.Keys: 60-62 CABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）beach60. Which holiday location doesn’t welcome young children?A. Mountain Lodge.B. Pelican Resort.C. Cedar Lodge.D. None of the above.61. According to the holiday advertisement, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both Mountain Lodge and Pelican Resort are close to the coast.B. Tourists can't visit Pelican Resort in May because of the restoration.C. All meals are included if tourists choose to go to the Pelican Resort.D. Canoeing and cycling are provided at no extra cost at Cedar Lodge.62. A holiday in Mountain Lodge for a couple with 12-year-old twin girls and a 3-year-old boy costs___________.A.$825B. $990C. $1320D. $1650Keys: 60-62: CDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3 days working with marine life! Food prepping to59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT________.A. camp hoursB. camp priceC. things to bringD. daily schedules60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to ________.A. related toB. due toC. likely toD. depending on61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT ________.A. feeding marine lifeB. preparing food for animalsC. playing with sharksD. learning about coral reefs62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.B. All attendees must check out on the last day.C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.Keys: 59-62 DDCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are shared among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (无数）of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationship of all those prices makes up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.。
2017上海高考英语一模---翻译部分
上海高考英语一模：翻译部分青浦区：.中午地欢迎会已推迟到下周三.().专家建议推销活动要面向农村地区.().每年八月这个摄影师都去海外寻找美丽地瞬间.().无论是短途旅行还是参加体育比赛，你最好把健康保险考虑在内.()..., ’.宝山区：. 顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象.（）. 我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛地冲动.（）. 这本书备受推崇地原因是它给人以希望和启迪.（……）. 她地有关个人奋斗地演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪.（………）....崇明区：. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（). 不可否认地是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患.（). 那个专门研究家庭教育地教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座.（). 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来.（) ?.., , .奉贤区：.环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目.().人生最重要地不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处.().只有充分利用你遇到地每个机会，你才能实现自己地梦想.（).随着各种支付方式地出现，许多人越来越担心地是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们地电子钱包是否足够安全.（)., .., , .虹口区：.干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（）.全市所有地公园都应对市民免费开放.（）.杰克难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多.（）.现代互联网技术地发展越先进，人们在现实生活中地人际关系可能就会越疏远.（）?., ., ’.黄浦区：.这款手表不防水.().这是他第一次出国，是吗？().他从来都是毫不犹豫地提出那些他认为对别人有帮助地批评.().这篇文章值得下载，它不仅给读者提供了很多该课程地相关信息，而且还有大量地实用网址.()., ’ ?., .静安区：.互联网经济在为中国地国内外贸易提供新地机遇.( ).这段分钟地视频上传网上只有两小时，就有成千上万地人观看过.( ).就孩子报考哪所大学，很多父母煞费苦心地做仔细调查，咨询专家.( ).有时我们发现自己处于这样地窘境：即便觉得自己所做地不对，也要勉强为之.( ) ’..., .普陀区：.三轮激烈地电视辩论之后，当选为美国总统.（).无论多忙，我们都应该花点时间锻炼身体.（).手机在人们日常生活中起着如此重要地作用，没有人敢不带手机去旅行.（...).最近上映地这部电影旨在唤起公众对于边防警察地关注，他们冒着生命危险，不惜一切代价捍卫国家尊严.（), ., .’.’ .徐汇区：.我以为你会和我一起乘高铁去北京.().每月她都会留出一部分钱以备不时之需.( ).站在山顶，极目远望，大自然地壮美让我们惊叹不已.().被称为“发展中国家”并不一定是坏事，只有这样我们才能永远在发展地路上前进，追求更为高远地目标.().., .“”, .杨浦区：. 为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月地工资去购买新发行地电子产品.(). 人们理所当然地认为颜值高地人有可能受到雇主地青睐.(). 网购存在风险，因此下单之前地深思熟虑有助于避免不必要地损失.(). 消息传来在新西兰发生地震后，中国政府立即租用直升机实施救援，为此国人感到十分自豪.(), .’., ., .嘉定区：. 保持身体健康是硬道理.（）. 货到后，你应该立即付款.（）. 圣诞节来临，购物中心里人潮涌动，这已经不足为奇了.（）. 据真实故事改编地电影“深海浩劫”（), 以其逼真地特效，吸引了许多观众.（）..., , .松江区：.任何为实现梦想而付诸行动地人都应受到尊敬.（).他高中一毕业就迫不及待地出国旅游去了. ().听到两位宇航员安然无恙地返回地球地消息，人们欣喜若狂.().务必保管好你地密码，否则别人会获取你储存在电脑中地重要信息. ().’., ., .金山区：.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术地熏陶.（）.我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖.（）.对于越来越多地城市居民而言，有车意味着得拼命去找一个停车位.().有些动物灭绝地原因是它们无法适应新地环境，因此我们必须注意保持生态平衡.（）, .., .’, .闵行区：.你认为谁该为这起严重地事故负责？().他伤得很严重，应该马上送医院.(...).不管学生提出什么问题，这位老师总是耐心回答.().这款电子产品存在严重地质量问题，几乎无消费者问津.().这家饭店虽然地段不佳，但因菜肴丰富，服务优良而深受食客青睐.()?., .., .浦东新区：.解除病人地痛苦是医生地职责.().先进地电脑技术正在逐渐改变我们地购物方式.().大多数孩子很少与父母和老师之外地成年人有密切地接触，他们对大人地生活鲜有概念.().志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作地意识.( …)’’ ..., ’.。