初中英语介词语法知识点总结(讲义及答案)

初中英语介词语法知识点总结(WORD版本试题+名师解析答案，建议下载练习)一、介词的概念概念：介词一般用于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。

I often read English in the morning. Let’s meet at school.He often plays football with them. Thank you for helping me.二、介词的分类(一) 时间介词(二) 地点介词(三) 其他介词★★ (一) 时间介词in: 泛指的早中晚；月份；年份；；in springin the twenty-first centuryon: 某天的早中晚；某天 (日期；周几)；on New Year’s Day on weekends on vacationat: 具体的时刻；；at the age of 20at night / at Christmasduring: 在……期间(+时间段)She lives with us during these days. He visited his aunt during the holiday.before: 在……以前I have to go to bed before 10:00 p.m.after: 在……以后Lily often plays basketball after school.单选( )1. What do you want to do weekends?A. onB. overC. toD. in ( )2. I like swimming summer.A. onB. inC. atD. for ( )3. the age of 26, Lily became a writer.A. OnB. InC. ToD. At( )4. Jim learned to drive ___ the holiday.A. atB. duringC. toD. for( )5. He went to Shanghai July 7, 2013 and came backa cold morning last year.A. in; onB. on; inC. on; onD. in; in( )6. My mom often tells me to go back home dark(黄昏).A. afterB. toC. beforeD. for( )7. A lot of people are here _ vacation every year.A. ofB. onC. atD. with★★ (二) 地点介词1.地点介词 at, in, onat: “在……”(表一个点或小地方)at home at Mr. Cool’s Clothes Storeat the pool at Central Parkin: “在……里” (表一个范围或大地方) in China in Beijing in the water in the parkon: “在……上” (表一个表面，并接触) on the floor on the wall 对比这三个句子：They stood at the door and waited.他们站在门口等着。

(站在门口那个点) There’s a hole in the door.门上有一个洞。

(从立体的角度看门上的洞)He’s putting up a picture on the door.他正在把一幅画贴到门上。

(贴在门那个面上)2.表两地关系的方位介词 in, on, toA is the west of B. A is the west of B. A is the west of B.in: 在某一范围之内Guangdong is in the south of China.on: 与某地是毗邻关系Vietnam(越南) is on the south of China.to: 在某一范围之外(不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.用 in, on, to 填空1.Hebei is the north of Guangdong.2.Hebei is the north of Henan.3.Hebei is the north of China.4.South Korea(韩国) is the east of China.5.Hainan is the south of China.3.在前面、在后面在外部前面：in front of (= before)在内部前面：in the front of在外部后面：behind在内部后面：at the back ofEg: A person is in front of the bus.4.在上面:on (接触): My book is on the table.over ( 正上 ): There is a light over the desk. above (泛指): We are flying above the clouds. 在下面:beneath ( 接触 ): His pen is beneath the book. under (正下): A boy is standing under the tree.below (泛指): The coat reaches below the knees.5.在中间：between (在两者之间) (指地点或时间) Lucy is between Mary and Kate.Don’t eat between meals. among (在三者或以上中间) Lucy is among these girls. There is a house among the trees. 6.穿过：across: 从……表面穿过He walked across the road. He can swim across the river. through: 从……中间穿过 They walked through the forest. I have to go through the crowd(人群). 7.在旁边：next to & beside & byLily is sitting next to the window. Lily is sitting beside the window. Lily is sitting by the window. 地点介词小结： 1. 地点介词：at, in, on2. 表两地关系的方位介词：in, on, to3. 在前/后面：in front of, in the front of, behind, at the back of4. 在上/下面：on, over, above, beneath, under, below5. 在中间：between, among6. 穿过：across, through7.在旁边：next to / beside / by 单选 ( )1. Walk down this street. You’ll find the schoolthe bank.A. in front ofB. in the front ofC. in back ofD. at the back of ()2. —Where do you sit, Jane? —I sit Linda. She is just on my left.A. next toB. in front ofC. behindD. among( )3. The accident happened _ 7p.m. 9p.m.A. from; toB. between; toC. from; andD. between; and( )4. We can see a river running to the east the hill.A. inB. belowC. overD. under( )5. The moonlight goes __ the window and makes the room bright.A. acrossB. overC. throughD. in★★ (三) 其他介词1.with & withoutwith：和……一起；带有；用She lives with her parents.This is a house with big windows. Cut it with a knife.without: 没有The fish can’t live without water.He went to school without breakfast.2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别in：用语言Li Lei can sing this song in English. Can you tell me the story in Chinese?with：用具体有形的东西Cut it with a knife.He broke the window with a stone.by：用……手段或方式He makes a living by teaching.Lucy made her sister happy by singing.3.from “从……”和 to 连用时，表“从……到……”，既可以表时间，也可以表地点。

The shop is open from 8:00 to 20:00. He drove from Beijing to Zhengzhou. 常用短语：be/come from 来自……learn from 向……学习buy…from从……买…4.to “到；朝向”He walks to school.I am on the way to the supermarket.常用短语：listen to 听……talk to 跟……说话write to 给……写信take to/bring to 带到……去/带到……来5.like “ 像；如同” What’s the weather like? What does he look like?常用短语：sound like 听起来像……look like 看起来像……be like (内外)像……其他介词小结：1.with & withoutwith：和……一起；带有；用without: 没有2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别in：用语言 with：用具体有形的东西by：用……手段或方式3.from “从……”4.to “到；朝向”5.like “像；如同”单选( )1. The man a big nose is our math teacher.A.inB. withC. haveD. has( )2. He sat there for a longtime doing anything.A. withoutB. noC. notD. to( )3. Li Ping often practices English chatting (聊天) with her American friends.A. inB. withC. byD. for( )4. Tony and I are good friends. We usually learn a lot each other.A. ofB. fromC. acrossD. with ( )5. He works eight in themorning eight atnight. So he is very tired every day.A. from; toB. from; atC. between; toD. at; to ( )6. She looksmy English teacher.A. toB. withC. likeD. from三、介词搭配以及所作成分(一) 介词+名词in spring on vacation at night此类型短语在句中可作：1.(后置)定语：The news on TV today is exciting.2.表语：My sister is at home.3.状语：Lily often gets up at 6:00 a.m. (时间状语) He worked in China last year. (地点状语)Tom goes to school by bike. (方式状语)(二) 动词+介词come from listen to look like此类型短语在句中可作：谓语：David comes from the USA. She is looking for her pen.I wrote to my friend yesterday.(三) be+形容词+介词be interested in be good at be strict with be late for此类型短语在句中可作：谓语：I am interested in English. Alice is good at dancing. Our teacher is strict with us.四、课堂检测一、单选( )1. He often goes school half past six the morning.A.for; to; inB. to; at; inC. to; for; atD. for; at; to( )2. My parents usually take a walk dinner to keep healthy.A. atB. ofC. duringD. after ( )3. We sleep thenight and work in the day.A. onB. atC. duringD. for( )4. America is the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan.A. to; inB. on; toC. on; onD. in; beside ( )5. —What do you oftendo_ classes to relax yourself?—Listen to music.A. overB. amongC. betweenD. through( )6. His grade in the exam put him the top students in his class.A. betweenB. overC. amongD. above( )7. The young men walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. throughB. acrossC. overD. on ( )8. Be careful when you walk thestreet.A. throughB. acrossC. underD. over ( )9. —Why are you standingthere, Lucy?—I can’t se e the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.A. behindB. in front ofC. besideD. next to ( )10. The pay phone is the library.A. nextB. acrossC. betweenD. behind ( )11. There is a bridge theriver.A. onB. underC. overD. in( )12. We couldn’t finish our work so early your help.A.withoutB. withC. forD. by( )13. Next the hotel is a big house a beautiful garden.A./; andB. with; toC. with; andD. to; with( )14. She is London. She likes bread breakfast.A. from; forB. to; toC. of; forD. from; to ( )15. Jane and Maria aregoing Beijing tomorrow.A. inB. toC. ofD. with ( )16. —What’s your teacher__ ?—She is always strict us.A. like; inB. like; withC. look; toD. look; with ( )17. —How do you study for a test?—working with friends.A. ByB. WithC. OnD. In二、填空18.Fruit and vegetables are good our health.19.He won the 2012 Nobel Prize the age of 57.20.The workers built a new railroad the two cities.21.He arrived Beijing a rainy morning.22.I couldn’t do it your great help. Thanks a lot!三、用介词短语进行翻译23.在冬天24.在暑假期间25.在这些男孩中26.一杯加糖的牛奶27.穿过窗户四、翻译句子28.黑板在教室的前边。