2019年高考英语七选五专题基础训练(含答案)

2019年高考英语七选五专题基础训练（含答案）

1.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning ,and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. ①__________.Her e is how to make one.

●②__________In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. ③__________That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.

●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ④__________

●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. ⑤__________If not, take another look at other methods you could try.

A. Get a sleep specialist.

B. Find the right motivation.

C. A better plan for sleep can help.

D. And consider setting a second alarm.

E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.

G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.

2.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Make the right choices

What is life’s greatest gift? ①__________Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is so great about choice? It transforms us from dumb animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻)our life. The tool doesn’t come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. ②__________The reward is happiness.

Life is not still. It is a flow. ③__________We constantly need to monitor where we are onour journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what corrective measures can I take? What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals? Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life.

④__________And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the

difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment.

All chess lovers r ealize that it isn’t necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game. ⑤__________

A.It is free will or choice.

B.You have to make choices every day.

C.Make the best moves you can under the circumstances.

D.But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.

E. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.

F. Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get.

G. Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to.

3.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入横线处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选。

As a child grows up,you may wonder how you can teach him to become a respectful adult. ①__________A child who learns to respect not only learns to receive respect from others,but also learn to respect himself.

●Show him respect.

This is the best way to teach your child how to respect others.Listen to your child attentively and he will learn to listen to you,understanding how important this is in communication.

●②__________

The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child,the more likely he will learn to use them.Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation.

●Agree to disagree.

③__________Explain your decision so that he will understand you an d expect respectful responses.Disagreeing with you doesn't necessarily mean disobedience (不顺从).

●Control your impulse to overreact.(过分反应)

When a situation arises(出现),stay calm and keep in mind that you are supposed to be modeling correct behavior. ④__________

●Praise,praise,praise

So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that his accomplishments (成绩) are not celebrated enough. ⑤__________

A.Teach manners by using polite requests and responses.

B.Try to remember that a child won't always agree with you.

C.Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life.

D.If he sees you lose your temper,he is more likely to respond that way in future.

E.A child may act as he pleases,and he will live a happy life.

F.Seeing a child exhibit respectful behavior,make sure he knows how proud you are of him.

G.Respectful behavior is always accompanied by bad behavior as a child.

4根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to make friends at a new school

Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own

classes. ①However,if you use these skills,you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends.

Be yourself.

②If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sport may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.

③

Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad,do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also,remember to be as helpful as possible!

Believe in yourself.

A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don't keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact (目光接触)with other people. ④Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from.

Remember people’s names.

You like it when people use your name,and so do other

people. ⑤Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname ( 昵称).You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy.

A. Be friendly to others.

B. Making new friends can be hard,too.

C. Join after-school activities you like.

D. Never change who you are to try and fit in.

E. If you see someone you know,smile or say “Hi”.

F. People may become angry if you just begin by saying “Hey”each time.

G. Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you!

5.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Become an Activist

Activists are people who see the need for change and devote their time

to doing something about it. ①__________If you are interested in it you can do so.

②__________This could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether

that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can.

Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.

Donate money or supplies. ③__________If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.

Reach out to family and friends. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share

literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have

learned.

④__________

Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the causes you support.

⑤__________Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate to fundraisers for your cause.

A. Take classes on issues related to your cause.

B. Join an organization that supports your cause.

C. They are driven by passion and a vision for a better future.

D. If you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you.

E. Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work.

F. Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved.

G. If you can’t reach out to them in person, then try connecting to people online.

6.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Critical(批判的)thinking is the art of using reason to analyze ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. ①__________. Here are some tips and ideas to help you build

a foundation for critical thinking.

Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critic al framework. ②__________. Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.

Don’t take information on authority until you've investigated it yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes our way, saving time and energy. But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a tru stworthy source, even when they don’t. ③__________.

Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. ④__________. You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be.

⑤__________. There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego(自负)feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.

A. Actually, it’s about thinking better.

B. Surround yourself with people smarter than you.

C. Be someone that people know that they can count on.

D. You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation.

E. But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful?

F. The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action.

G. So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true.

7.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. ①__________Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking

offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.

You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ②__________Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective

process. ③__________

The following methods may work best for you.

● Read the text qu ickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

● Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.

● Write your notes in your own words.

●④__________

● Note any questions or ideas you may have a bout what was said or written.

As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. ⑤__________

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9b14969778.html,e words, not complete sentences.

B.There are three practical note-taking methods.

C.You must write your notes on separate paper.

D.Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.

E.You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

F.That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

G.First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

8. Want to Be Happy at Work? Care Less About It

A friend recently told me that she was ready to quit her job, explaining to me that there were big changes at her workplace and no way she could perform all her tasks on time.

①__________

For many of us introverts(内向的人),our professional efforts and results are a reflection of ourselves and our dedication to our employer. Because we aren't the social butterflies of the office, we feel a need to prove to our superiors that we are smart,hard-working,and dependable. For people like me and my close-to-quitting friend,the concept of giving anything less than our best doesn’t cross our mind

②__________We are disappointed and frustrated when we can t always achieve those standards.

It's great to make a difference at work, but you have to take care of yourself first. Putting in slightly less effort in times of high stress doesn't mean you don’t care about your job.③__________Consider this saying: The perfect is the enemy of the good. When you reduce the pressure on yourself to attain perfection, you can flow more quickly and easily through your tasks.

④__________

Here is my advice for you when you find yourself in the midst of panic.

First, ask yourself: what's the worst that will happen if I miss a deadline by one day?

⑤__________Write down the specific tasks that are causing the fee lings of stress. Talk it out with a friend or family member. You might discover that the situation isn’t as horrible as you thought. By approaching your tasks one at a time you can make real progress.

A. We set high standards for ourselves.

B. It means you care about yourself more.

C. The pressure on yourself shouldn t be ignored.

D. You might achieve more when you care less.

E. As her friend who'd been in a similar situation, I wanted to help.

F. Next, slow down and analyze what, precisely, is stressing you out.

G. Freedom from the weight of perfection can be creatively liberating.

参考答案

1.答案：C; B; G; F; E

解析：【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟,保持早睡早起的好习惯。

第一个空考查前后句的连贯。第一段最后一句说“以下是如何制作一个”,代词one指代“计划” 一词,因此本空选C。

第二空考查小标题概括。空后谈到要改变,先要说清楚做出改变很重要的原因;后面谈到一旦明白了其中的原因,就可以告诉你的家人或室友你想做出改变;由此可以推断出这段总的在说找到正确的动机,因此本空选B。

第三个空考查前后句的连贯。本段最后一句谈到如果买咖啡机自己弄咖啡, 早上可以多睡一会儿,因此前一句应该要与咖啡有关,本空选G。

第四个空考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到周末起床、睡觉的时间应该和平常一致,不然周末多睡反而会增加接下来工作日的睡意。F项中的no matter the day指的就是周末也应该和工作日的作息一致。因此本空选F。

第五个空考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的If not说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持,因此选E。

2.答案：A; D; E; B; C

解析：①本空前有问句,空后出现choice这一关键词,A选项既回答上文问题又引出了下文choice的概念,随后下文承接该话题继续展开。故选A。

②:其一,该项中carry out it中it指代的是上句中的responsibility;其二,虽然选择意味着责任,但是同时又会给我们带来巨大的回报,故选D。

③E选项是对上文的not still 和 a flow的进一步解释。另外,其中leads us与下文monitor 相呼应,且E选项中的closer to or farther from our goals与下文的Am I moving closer to my goal? to readjust myself with my goals吻合。故选E。

④其一,“因为每天都在选择,而使生活变得更加舒适和方便”。其二, 该空的后文举例说明前文的观点,故该空具有概括意义。故选B。

⑤上文叙述“生活就像下棋”,下文“要走出特定环境下最好的一步棋”,前后为顺接关系,故选C。

点评:在答题中,应首先略读一下短文,了解一下短文的大致意思,然后把几个选项含义理解透,尤其注意意思相近,表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文,把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置,反复阅读,反复体会,找出最佳选项,对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后,再认真通读一遍全文,看看上下语意是否通顺,是否符合逻辑关系。

3.答案：C; A; B; D; F

解析：

【语篇解读】在孩子的成长过程中,家长应该教孩子学会尊重——不仅要学会尊重别人,也要学会尊重自己。本文就此给出了几点建议。

1. C 根据本段第一句可知本段提出家长要教孩子学会尊重,因此该空所填内容应该指出尊重的重要性,故选C项。

2. A 根据本段中的关键词please和thank you等可知,本段是关于礼貌的,因此选A项。

3. B 第三条建议是Agree to disagree“接受不赞同”,据此可知B项“一定记住孩子不会一直赞同你”符合题意。

4. F 第四条建议的标题告诉家长要控制自己的冲动,避免反应过度,故选F项。

5.G 根据该空前一句可知,家长不要总是看到孩子的不足,要看到孩子那些好的行为,所以此处是指应该让孩子知道你为他尊重他人的行为感到骄傲。故选G项。

答案：B; D; A; E; F

解析：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几种在新学校结交朋友的办法。

①由该空后的" However,if you use ... strangers into friends. ”可知,这里是说结交新朋友也会很难,故选B项。

②由该段小标题"Be yourself. ”和该空后的说明可知,D项内容符合此处语境。

③由"Remember to be nice...at your new school. ” 和"remember to be as helpful as possible”等信息可知,本段主要是讲要对他人友善,故用A项作为小标题最恰当。

④由该空前后的"make eye contact with other people ”和" Introduce yourself. ”等信息可知,E项内容符合此处语境。

⑤由该段小标题"Remember people’s names. ”和该空前的"You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. ”可知,记住别人的名字非常重要,如果你每次都称呼对方“嘿”,人家可能会生气,故选F项。

5.答案：C; B; E; D; F

解析：

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。全文阐述怎样成为一名活动家。

1. C联系上句“Activists are people who see the need for change and devote their time to doing something about it." 可知,这些人由激情和对美好未来的憧憬激励着。C选项中的they指的就是 Activists。

2. B 根据下文“This could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). ”可知B项切题。

3. E 联系空前后可知,大多数活动家或慈善组织需要资源来完成他们的工作。

4. D 根据空格上句“如果你的家人和朋友对你做的事情感兴趣,分享关于你事业的文献,或者和他们谈论你所了解到的。”可知,如果你做志愿者工作,邀请他们和你一起做志愿者。故选D项。

5. F 根据上句“你可以使用社交媒体帮助你的朋友和追随者了解你的事业情况。”可知,F 项符合题意。

6.答案：A; E; G; D; B

解析：本文为说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能的艺术。这是更好地思考。文中介绍了一些帮助你建立批判性思维基础的技巧和想法:勇于质疑、会移情,为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。

①考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段是对批判性思维的定义。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能的艺术。接着进行解释:这并不是你思考的更久或更长。那是什么呢?”而是….”。分析选项,选项A(而是关于更好的思考)。不是….而是….,正是一种常用的解释,因此A项符合题意。

②考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。第二段最后一句“Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.” 那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建。由此可推断“如果是错误的就是重建”。分析选项,E项(但是如果他们被证明是错误的,或者至少不是完全真实的呢?)与后面的整个基础就需要重建是互为条件。故选E项。

③考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段的意思是说除非你亲自调查过,否则不要把权威性的信息带进来。因为我们无法都仔细检查每件事,所以权威性的东西并不非一定是值得信赖,并非是真的。分析选项可知,只在G项(所以杂志或网络上发表的内容并不意味着这是真的。)的意思与之相符,因为杂志上发表的东西相对是权威性的。故G与本段意思相一致。

④考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段的中心为:设身处地为别人着想即移情还可以帮助你培养批判性思维的技能。因为一点点理解就有助于深入了解他们。你理解他人越深,你做出的决定或判断就越明智。分析选项,可知D选项选中的动词understand与本段中的名词understanding,选项中的judge评判与本段中decisions决定,判断是词义的复现。而其句意: “不理解别人时不要评价别人”,与本段意思相一致。因此D项符合题意,故选D。

⑤考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后内容:跟你身边的聪明的人学习是最好的办法,如果你想变得更聪明,那就不要自负,要与聪明的人交朋友,总之就是要与聪明的人在一起。本小题是对本段的总结,分析选项可知B项(和比你更聪明的在一起)符合题意。

7.答案：G; E; F; A; D

解析：①空后有“Second,…”和“Third,…”,由此可知这里应为First,…。故选G项。

②根据下文可知无论你怎样记笔记,都要记住记笔记的一个选择的过程。那么前面应该是指我们要有自己记笔记的方法。

③根据上文可知记笔记是一个选择的过程,那么首先得决定什么是重要的。故F正确。

④这里是指用简单单词,而不是句子,这样可以提高做笔记的速度。

⑤根据上文可知你要用你自己很确定的的符号来记录,否则你自己也会搞不明白的。

8.答案：E; A; B; G; F

解析：

1. E文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因,故E项“作为她以前有过类似处境的朋友,我想帮帮她。”符合语境。

2. A 下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时,我们感到失望和沮丧”。A项“我们为自己设定了很高的标准。”符合行文逻辑。

3. B上句表示“在压力很大的时候,减少一点点努力并不意味着你不关心你的工作”,故B 项“这意味着你更关心自己。”符合要求。

4. G根据上文中的信息词perfect以及perfection可知,G项符合语境。易误选C项。因为C项中的pressure与此空前一句中的pressure照应。尽管如此,也不能选C项。

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