Main Points--Thoreau

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Henry David Thoreau

Walden Pond
Henry David Thoreau
Henry Βιβλιοθήκη avid Thoreau 梭罗 American writer, philosopher, and naturalist
1. Life (1817 –1862)
Place of Birth: Concord, Massachusetts Known for Observing nature and social philosophies in his writing
Milestones
1837 Graduated from Harvard University; started a school in Concord the following year, where he taught until its close in 1841 Early 1840s Contributed nature essays and poems to the transcendentalist journal The Dial 1841-1843 Lived in Ralph Waldo Emerson's home and worked briefly on Staten Island as a tutor in 1843 1845-1847 Built a small cabin on the shores of Walden Pond outside Concord, where he lived a simple lifestyle studying nature and writing 1849 Published the book of observations A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers and Civil Disobedience, an essay on nonviolent resistance

新时代核心英语教程写作3教学课件(U11)

Locating and evaluating material
Locating and evaluating material
Generally, this step comprises the following two sub-steps. 1. locating: finding the most promising sources 2. evaluating: evaluating the sources to
2. Databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) list titles of articles as well as full text material which you can easily access.
What is behind U.K. occupation and governance diplomacy after World War II
Activity 1
Narrow down the following broad topics to proper ones that are fit for research papers of about 2,000 words.
determine which ones are genuinely useful, and eliminating those that are out-of-date, unreliable, or less relevant
Locate material
1. The library is usually your first choice when you look for sources.

新世纪综合教程2英语专业 unit 9 课后答案 lecture notes

Unit 9 What Is HappinessSection One Pre-reading ActivitiesII. Cultural information1. QuoteHappiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.— Franklin Roosevelt2. The Pursuit of HappinessThe Pursuit of Happiness is a 2006 American biographical film directed by Gabriele Muccino about the on-and-off-homeless salesman-turned stockbroker Chris Gardner. The screenplay by Steven Conrad is based on the best-selling memoir of the same name written by Chris Gardner with Quincy Troupe. The film was released on December 15, 2006, by Columbia Pictures.Chris Gardner is a bright and talented, but marginally employed salesman. Struggling to make ends meet, Gardner finds himself and his five-year-old son evicted from their San Francisco apartment with nowhere to go. When Gardner lands an internship at a prestigious stock brokerage firm, he and his son endure many hardships, including living in shelters, in pursuit of his dream of a better life for the two of them.Section Two Global ReadingI Text analysis1.What‘s the author‘s answer to the question ―What is happiness‖?According to the author, happiness lies in the idea of becoming, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing.2.What‘s the author‘s purpose of writing?To attempt a definition of happiness by setting some extremes to the idea and then working in toward the middle.II Structural analysisSection Three Detailed ReadingText IWhat Is Happiness?John Ciardi(abridged)1The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates, but no one seems quite sure which way it runs. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game.1Jonathan Swift seemed to think so when he attacked the idea of happiness as “the possession of being well-deceived,” the felicity of being “a fool among knaves.” For Swift saw society as Vanity Fair, the land of false goals.2It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves.2 We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to Heaven when we possess enough.33And at the same time the forces of American commercialism are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately unhappy. Advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising exists not to satisfy desires but to create them — and to create them faster than any man’s budget can satisfy them. For that matter, our whole economy is based on a dedicated insatiability. We are taught that to possess is to be happy, and then we are made to want.We are even told it is our duty to want. It was only a few years ago, to cite a single example, that car dealers across the country were flying banners that read "You Auto Buy Now."They were calling upon Americans, as an act approaching patriotism, to buy at once, with money they did not have, automobiles they did not really need, and which they would be required to grow tired of by the time the next year’s models were released.4Or look at any of the women’s magazines. There, as Bernard DeVoto once pointed out, advertising begins as poetry in the front pages and ends as pharmacopoeia and therapy in the back pages. The poetry of the front matter is the dream of perfect beauty. This is the baby skin that must be hers. These, the flawless teeth. This, the perfumed breath she must exhale. This, the sixteen-year-old figure she must display at forty, at fifty, at sixty, and forever.5Once past the vaguely uplifting fiction and feature articles, the reader finds the other face of the dream in the back matter. This is the harness into which Mother must strap herself in order to display that perfect figure. These, the chin straps she must sleep in. This is the salve that restores all, this is her laxative, these are the tablets that melt away fat,these are the hormones of perpetual youth, these are the stockings that hide varicose veins.6Obviously no half-sane person can be completely persuaded4 either by such poetry or by such pharmacopoeia and orthopedics. Yet someone is obviously trying to buy the dream as offered and spending billions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers, but what are they trying to buy?7The idea "happiness," to be sure, will not sit still for easy definitions: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work in toward the middle.5 To think of happiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the materialistic extreme.6To think of it as the idea one senses in, say, a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. That holy man’s ideal of happiness is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. He sits immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body.7Or nearly free of it. If devout admirers bring him food, he eats it; if not, he starves indifferently. Why be concerned? What is physical is an illusion to him.Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through a fantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him.88But, perhaps because I am Western, I doubt such catatonic happiness, as I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still serve to frame the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau —a creature of both Eastern and Western thought — had his own firm sense of that balance. His aim was to save on the low levels in order to spend on the high.99Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high.10 What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.10Happiness is never more than partial.11There are no pure states of mankind.Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in becoming.12 What the Founding Fathers declared for us as an inherent right, we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What they might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing,13 which is to say, in the idea of becoming. A nation is not measured by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.Paragraphs 1-2Questions1. What does the author mean when he says ―The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates‖? (Paragraph 1)Here the author alludes to the well-known statement in the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America: ―We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among theseare Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.‖ The sentence means that everyone is born with the right to pursue happiness.2. What do the quoted expressions from Swift mean? (Paragraph 1)Both expressions ―the possession of being well deceived‖ and ―a fool among knaves‖ are used by Swift to describe a conception of happiness, i.e., a state of being deceived. The word ―possession‖ here means ―a state o f being completely under the influence of an idea or emotion‖and in this particular expression ―the state of being deceived.‖―A fool among knaves‖ refers toa person who is easily deceived without realizing it.3. Why does the author say, ―It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves‖? (Paragraph 2)Because most Americans take it for granted that pursuing happiness, or buying their way to it is in accordance with American national character.Words and Expressions1. pursue vt. try to achieve somethinge.g. He urges all sides in the conflict to pursue peace.We are working together to pursue a common goal.Derivation:pursuit n.Collocation:in the pursuit ofe.g. She showed steadiness and courage in the pursuit of her aims.2. issue vt. to provide sb. with the things they need for a particular actione.g. The police in Britain are not usually issued with guns.Visitors are issued with identity cards to wear inside the factory.Collocation:issue sth. (to sb.) 将某物发给、供给或分配给某人使用e.g. The office will be issuing permits on Tuesday and Thursday mornings.Derivation:issue n.Sentences1. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. (Paragraph 1)Explanation: It may be we are given the right of pursuing happiness but we don‘t know where it is, because maybe there is no happiness as such at all. Note ―game‖ origin ally refers to a wild animal or bird hunted for sport. Here it is a metaphor for what is being pursued, i.e. happiness. It is roughly equivalent to ―false goals‖ at the end of this paragraph.Paraphrase:It may be that you have received the license for hunting but you don‘t have the chance to hunt.Translation: 它可能就像：授予了你打猎的许可证却不给你提供打猎的机会。

英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷A

英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷A ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and and D. D. D. Choose Choose Choose the the the correct correct correct answer answer answer to to to each each each of of of the the the questions questions questions and and and write write write your your your answer answer answer at at at the the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin n 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D The Blue Ridge Mountains 7.Both 7.Both public public public and and and private private private universities universities universities in in in the the the U.S. U.S. U.S. depend depend depend on on on the the the following following following sources sources sources of of of income income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada? A Alberta B Ontario C British Columbia D Quebec 13.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. A John F.Kennedy B James Farmer C Ella Baker D Martin Luther King, Jr. 14.Which of the following is considered an American master piece? A The Last of the Mohicans B The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow C The Masque of the Red Death D Moby Dick 15.By 1985, how many per cent of immigrants were non-European? A 30 per cent B 80 per cent C 60 per cent D 50 per cent 16.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____. A English B French C Mandarin Chinese D Cantonese 17.Which of the following novels was made into an extremely successful film in 1997? A Lost in the Barrens B The Two Solitudes C The Handmaid's Tale D The English Patient 18.Which of of the the the following following invention facilitated the the out-migration-movement out-migration-movement into into suburban suburban location? A automobile B electric lawn mower C mechanical reaper D telephone 19.The tradition of the vocal ballad which contributed to the blues form was usually accompanied by ___. A a guitar B a piano C a banjo D a trombone and a cymbal 20. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government? A the Queen B a Cabinet Minister C the Prime Minister D the Government General ⅡThere There are are are altogether altogether altogether 15 15 15 blanks blanks blanks in in in the the the following following following sentences. sentences. sentences. Fill Fill Fill in in in the the the blanks blanks blanks and and and write write write your your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 21. The Constitution set up a federal system with ____. 22. 22. T.S. T.S. T.S. Eliot's Eliot's Eliot's long long long poem poem poem ____ ____ ____ revealed revealed revealed a a a pessimistic pessimistic pessimistic view view view of of of post-World post-World post-World War War War 1 1 1 society. society. society. He He dominated the so-called "Modern" movement in poetry. 23. Mark Twain ’s ____ is considered the greatest novel in American literature. 24.The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands for ____ and NFC, which stands for ____. 25.As a member of the Commonwealth, Canada used to unquestioningly assist ___ in its foreign policy. 26.Canada preferred to establish a nation based on _____,_____ and good government. 27.The first Catholic president in the U.S.was ____. 28.The 28.The civil civil civil rights rights rights movement, movement, movement, together together together with with with ____ ____ ____ and and and ____ ____ ____ during during during the the the 1960s 1960s 1960s had had had been been been deeply deeply rooted in U.S.history. 29.____ is the most successful and internationally recognized of current Canadian novelists. 30.Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income in the U.S.:_____, endowment and _____. 31. Jazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by ____. ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 32.Where did the English first settlers land in North America? 33.Who was the main author of Declaration of Independence? 34.What is the symbol of the Republican Party? 35.Which church do the majority of Americans belong to? 36.Who was the author of Leaves of Grass? 37.Which invention marked the beginning of "The Age of Visual Information"? 38.Who were assinated in 1968 which was known as a violent and tragic year in U.S. history? 39.Who suggests that the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature? 40.Who made the first desktop PC? 41.What is the other official language besides English in Canada? ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 42.Mark Twain 43.Henry Ford 44.Niagara Falls 45.American Indians 46.Disneyland 47. a federal system 48. NBA 49.Blues 英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷BⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and and D. D. D. Choose Choose Choose the the the correct correct correct answer answer answer to to to each each each of of of the the the questions questions questions and and and write write write your your your answer answer answer at at at the the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.Which of the following statements refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? A Virginia B Rhode Island C New York D Maryland 2.Which of the following was NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? A The freedom of religion B The freedom of searching a person's home by police C The freedom of speech and of the press D The right to own weapons if one wishes 3.Mark Twain' works are characterized by the following except ____. A sense of humor B egotism C jokes D tall tales 4.The United States was rated ____ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population. A second B third C fourth D fifth 5.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs? A Protestant B Catholic C Islamic D Judaism 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D The Blue Ridge Mountains 7.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except ____. A the Bill of Rights B the judicial review C the political party system D the powers of the president 8.When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio? A 1901 B end of 19th century C New Year's Eve 1905 D Christmas Eve 1905 9.____ led to the end of Pony Express System? A Telephone B Telegraph C Railroad D Steamboat 10 One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513) in the U.S. is ____. A New Y ork B Boston C Philadelphia D St Augustine 11.Which of the following is NOT a team game? A volleyball B bowling C soccer D field hockey 12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada? A Alberta B Ontario C British Columbia D Quebec 13.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education? A universities and colleges B research institutions C technical institutions D undergraduate institutions 14.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, secondary school C Elementary school, junior high school D junior high school, senior high school 15. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada? A Manitoba B Saskatchewan C Ontario D Quebec 16.Which of the following parties represents the most interests of Quebec? A the Bloc Quebecois B the Progressive Party C the Liberal Party D the Reform Party 17.Who wrote the book The Scalpel, The Sword? A F.R Scott B Norman Bethune C Ted Allan D Mordecai Richer 18.Around the beginning of 20th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ____. A work as farmers and miners B build the railroad C do fur trade D open shops 19.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____. A English B French C Mandarin Chinese D Cantonese 20.Who suggests the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature? A Margaret Laurence B Michael Ondaatje C Margaret Atwood D Ted Allan ⅡThere There are are are altogether altogether altogether 15 15 15 blanks blanks blanks in in in the the the following following following sentences. sentences. sentences. Fill Fill Fill in in in the the the blanks blanks blanks and and and write write write your your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 21.The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the U.S. Constitution was made is ____. 22.'WASP' stands for ____. 23. ___ won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993, the first Afro- American writer to receive this honor. 24.F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel ____ was about youth's golden dream turning to disappointment. 25.When either team calls for a stop, this is called ____. 26.The capital of Canada is ____and the second largest city is _____. 27.Americans movies were mostly made in ____, near the city of _____ in South California. 28.There are two divisions in National Basketball Association, _____ and _____. 29.In 29.In the the the summer summer summer of of of 1963, 1963, 1963, hundreds hundreds hundreds of of of thousands thousands thousands of of of peaceful peaceful peaceful demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, marched marched marched to to Washington, D.C., where _____ gave the famous _____ speech. 30.The Canadian parliament is divided into a lower house named ____ and an upper house called _____. ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 31.Who started the New Deal? 32.When did the United States have the first standard paper currency? 33.Who was the first to use assembly line for manufacturing cars? 34.Where was the first continental Congress held? 35.What is the main duty of the U.S. congress? 36.Who heads the judicial branch? 37.What does "K" stand for in the term of "K to 12 education"? 38.Who is the official head of Canada? 39.What is the other official language besides English in Canada? 40.What is the symbol of the Democratic Party? ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 41.Disneyland 42.the "Beat Generation" 43.elementary school 44 The Scarlet Letter 45. Niagara Falls 46.The Stevens 47.Margaret Atwood 48.the Bill of Rights 。

帮助信英文作文开头结尾

帮助信英文作文开头结尾"英文，"In crafting an English essay, the beginning and ending are vital to make a lasting impression. The opening should be engaging, drawing the reader in, while the conclusion should tie everything together, leaving a lasting impact. Let me illustrate how to do this effectively.To start, an attention-grabbing introduction could begin with a thought-provoking question or a captivating anecdote. For instance, "Have you ever experienced a moment that changed your perspective on life?" Such a question immediately piques the reader's curiosity, encouraging them to continue reading to discover the answer. Alternatively, an anecdote like, "As I stood atop the mountain, the world below seemed insignificant, and I realized the true value of solitude," sets a reflective tone, inviting readers to delve deeper into the narrative.Moving on to the conclusion, it's crucial to summarize the main points while also leaving the reader with something to ponder. One effective way to do this is by restating the thesis in a fresh light, emphasizing its significance. For example, "In conclusion, my journey to the mountain not only provided me with solitude but also a profound understanding of the importance of self-reflection in our fast-paced world." This reinforces the central theme while adding a personal touch.Furthermore, incorporating a memorable quote or a call to action can elevate the conclusion. A famous quoterelated to the topic can resonate with readers and leave a lasting impression. For instance, "As Henry David Thoreau once said, 'The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation.' Let us not be among them." This encourages readers to reflect on the essay's message and perhaps take action in their own lives."中文，"写一篇英文作文时，开头和结尾至关重要，它们能给读者留下深刻印象。

我最喜欢的大学英语作文120词

我最喜欢的大学英语作文120词全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite University English CompositionHello friends! Today I want to tell you all about my favorite university English composition that I read. It was sooooo good and interesting. I hope you like hearing about it as much as I liked reading it!The composition was written by a student named Emily for her English class at University City College. Emily is really smart and a great writer. Her composition was titled "The Humble Dandelion: Beauty in the Weeds." At first, I thought a dandelion was just an annoying little yellow flower that grows everywhere in the grass. But Emily opened my eyes to how special dandelions really are!Emily started by describing what a dandelion looks like up close. She said the yellow petals are so bright and vibrant. And she said the delicate petals attach to a thick green stem covered in tiny fuzzy hairs. I had never looked that carefully at adandelion before. Emily made me see the beauty in this little plant I had always thought was just a weed.Then Emily explained all the useful things dandelions can do. Did you know you can actually eat dandelions? The leaves are edible and nutritious when cooked properly. Also, the yellow flowers can be used to make dandelion wine and jelly. Who knew a weed could produce tasty food and drinks? Amazing!My favorite part was when Emily talked about dandelion seeds. She described the white fuzzy tufts as "wishers" that allow the seeds to float long distances and bloom in new places. Whenever I blew on a dandelion puffball as a little kid, I was helping spread the seeds by making a wish! Emily's imagery of the wishers was so beautiful and poetic.In the conclusion, Emily made the point that dandelions teach us not to judge things only by their surface appearance. Even a simple weed can be remarkable once you look closer and understand its value. I thought that was such a wise lesson for something written by a university student. It reminded me of the moral from one of Aesop's fables about not judging a book by its cover.Overall, I just adored Emily's dandelion composition. Her vivid descriptions made me see the tiny yellow flowers in a wholenew light. Her unique perspective showed me the importance of keeping an open mind and not writing things off as ordinary or weeds too quickly. Reading it filled me with a new appreciation for the natural wonder and resilience of the humble dandelion wildflower.Doesn't Emily's essay sound just delightful? I sure think it's my favorite university composition ever! The way she found beauty and value in something most people overlook was very inspiring to me. Maybe you could try looking at something common from a fresh perspective too. Who knows what hidden marvels you might discover if you keep an open mind like Emily did? Let me know if you ended up liking her essay as much as I did!篇2My Favorite College English EssayYou know, I may just be a kid, but I already have a favorite college-level English essay! It's pretty deep and mature stuff for a 10-year-old like me, but I think I get the main points. At least I really love reading it over and over again.The essay is called "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience" and it was written way back in 1849 by this old philosopher dudenamed Henry David Thoreau. I first heard about it from my English teacher, Mrs. Robinson, when we were learning about American authors. She talked about how Thoreau went to jail for a night because he refused to pay taxes that funded the Mexican-American War and slavery, which he was totally against.Well, that got my attention right away! A guy going to jail just for following his principles? That's some serious civil disobedience! Mrs. Robinson said Thoreau felt that if the government does something really unjust and unethical, it's actually our duty as citizens to disobey their rules in a peaceful way. He believed individual conscience should be valued over blind obedience to the law.When I finally read Thoreau's actual essay, I have to admit some of it was written in pretty fancy, philosophical language that went over my fourth-grader head at first. But the core message - that people have a higher duty to do what they think is ethical and moral than just blindly following laws and governments - that part I understood loud and clear! And I agree with that idea 100%.Thoreau said "Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also a prison." Whoa, that's deep stuff, right? But it makes sense to me. If you see rulesand laws being enforced that you ethically disagree with, you can't just go along with it. You've gotta object, peacefully resist, maybe even go to jail if needed to make your voice heard and hold firm to your principles.He gave the example of how the government back then allowed slavery and waged the unjust Mexican-American War, both of which he morally opposed. So he stopped paying his taxes that funded those things. Like he wrote, "If a thousand men were not to pay their tax bills this year, that would not be a violent and bloody measure...it would be a peaceful revolution."I think that's such a powerful idea - using civil disobedience and resistance, not violence, to try and change unjust laws! Thoreau said "Under a government which imprisons unjustly, the true place for a just man is also in prison." Basically, if the law itself is unethical, then breaking that law and going to jail is the moral and ethical thing to do!Now I'm too young to go protesting laws and getting myself arrested anytime soon. But I totally respect and admire Thoreau's courage to stand up for his beliefs, even at personal risk. If more people took his philosophy about civil disobedience to heart, I think we'd live in a much more just and principled society.My 10-year-old brain can't fully comprehend every complex idea and philosophical argument in Thoreau's iconic essay. But the core message - to let your individual conscience be your ultimate moral guide, with an ethical duty to peacefully resist grave injustice through civil disobedience - that part is something even an elementary schooler like me can understand and appreciate.I hope more grown-ups read and take Thoreau's wise words about civil disobedience and ethical resistance to heart. Because the world could definitely use a little more of that kind of moral courage and willingness to stand up for what's right, no matter what. Thoreau's amazing essay has already inspired me to be a more principled person, even if I'm not quite ready to start getting arrested and stuff yet!I'm only in the fourth grade, but I've already found one of my all-time favorite essays and messages to live by. Thanks for writing it all those years ago, Mr. Thoreau! Your radical ideas about civil disobedience and individual conscience over blind obedience to government are just awesome, even if they did kind of get you thrown in jail that one time. Hey, no philosophical path worth walking was ever obstacle-free, right?篇3My Favorite College English Essay (120 Words)When Mrs. Robertson told us we had to write a 120 word essay for college English class, I was like "Oh no, that's gonna be sooooo hard!" But then I started thinking about what to write and I got really excited.I decided to write about my dog Rufus. Rufus is a golden retriever and he's the cutest, fluffiest, most playful pup ever! I just love him to pieces. So I started writing all about how adorable Rufus is and how much fun we have playing fetch and going on walks together.It actually wasn't too hard to write 120 words because I just couldn't stop gushing about my favorite four-legged friend. When I finished my essay, I read it over like three times because I was so proud of it. I could definitely see myself writing longer essays like this in college one day!That 120 Word Essay Though...Okay, so now I'm gonna take you through my process of writing that 120 word masterpiece, sentence-by-sentence.You're probably thinking "Why would an elementary school kid go so deep on a silly little college essay?" Well, to that I say "Whynot?" This was a major literary achievement for me, so I want to really dive into the brilliant mind of a writer - me!First sentence: "When Mrs. Robertson told us we had to write a 120 word essay for college English class, I was like 'Oh no, that's gonna be sooooo hard!'"This opening line sets the stage and tension perfectly. The reader instantly feels my apprehension about being assigned such a daunting task. I'm an elementary student, what do I know about college-level writing? The inner dialogue of "Oh no, that's gonna be sooooo hard!" adds a wonderful touch of personality too. Gotta love the elementary school lingo!Second sentence: "But then I started thinking about what to write and I got really excited."With this transitional sentence, I set up the shift from doubting myself to getting motivated and inspired. The drama! The stakes! As a reader, you're now thinking "Ooh I can't wait to see what brilliant idea she's about to come up with." See, I'm already drawing you in as an author.Third sentence: "I decided to write about my dog Rufus."And there it is - the pivot to the core subject matter. My dog Rufus, who I utterly adore. This is the idea that's going to carrythe whole essay. You can already envision the squeal-worthy levels of cuteness that are about to put put pen to paper.Fourth sentence: "Rufus is a golden retriever and he's the cutest, fluffiest, most playful pup ever!"Yup, I went there - declaring Rufus as THE cutest, fluffiest, MOST playful dog of all time. A bold claim, but I stand behind it 100000%. The personification of "playful pup" is simplychef's kiss. Rufus is already coming to life as a vibrant character.Fifth sentence: "I just love him to pieces."Continuing to lay on the affection and adoration for Rufus nice and thick. No beating around the bush here, just unabashed love for my dog. Can you feel the sweet, sugary adoration dripping off the page? You're probably going to need insulin after this essay.Sixth sentence: "So I started writing all about how adorable Rufus is and how much fun we have playing fetch and going on walks together."I'm pulling back the curtain a bit here to reveal some of the juicy details and anecdotes I included in my essay. The readergets a sneak peek at the "Rufus is adorable" and "We have fun together" angles I hit on. Adding in those concrete examples of playing fetch and going on walks makes Rufus feel even more real and lovable.Seventh sentence: "It actually wasn't too hard to write 120 words because I just couldn't stop gushing about my favorite four-legged friend."Here I take a step back and make a meta-comment on the actual writing process of my essay. I'm acknowledging that while I initially thought 120 words would be impossible, it ended up being simple because of how much I had to say about Rufus. The "gushing" descriptor is perfect for capturing the free-flowing篇4My Favorite College English CompositionHello! My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I love writing stories and my teacher Miss Johnson always says I'm a great writer. Sometimes the college students come visit our class and they have to write compositions too. Last week, a college student named Sarah came and she wrote the most amazing composition I've ever heard!Sarah's composition was about a magical land called Narnia. It was filled with talking animals, mythical creatures, and the most wonderful adventures. Sarah started by describing these two siblings, Lucy and Edmund, who went through an old wardrobe and ended up in the magical land of Narnia. At first, they thought they were dreaming but then they met a faun named Mr. Tumnus. He had the legs of a goat but the upper body of a human! So cool!Then Sarah told us all about the evil White Witch who had cursed Narnia into an eternal winter with no Christmas. But the kids met Aslan, a huge and powerful lion, who was the true ruler of Narnia. There was an epic battle between Aslan's forces and the White Witch's army. Sarah used such great details to describe the battle that I could picture it all in my mind – the charging griffins, the clashing swords, the cracking ice! It was simply magical.After the battle, the Pevensie kids (that's Lucy, Edmund and their siblings Peter and Susan) were crowned the new kings and queens of Narnia. They ruled for many years before eventually going back to their own world by tumbling back through the wardrobe. Sarah's description of their reigns made me wish I could have lived during the Golden Age of Narnia. Just imagine,being a kid but also a wise ruler respected by all the Talking Beasts!What I loved most about Sarah's composition is how she captured the sense of wonder and adventure from the book. Her words painted such a vivid picture that I felt like I had experienced Narnia myself. The magical creatures, the intense battle scenes, the regal kings and queens – it was all brought to life through Sarah's excellent storytelling ability.When she finished, the whole class erupted in applause. Sarah just beamed with pride at her accomplishment. Miss Johnson told her she had done an outstanding job and really grasped the essence of the story. I could see Sarah's face light up at the praise. In that moment, I decided that I wanted to be an amazing writer just like Sarah when I go to college someday.I already started working on my creative writing skills. Just last night, I wrote a 10-page story about kids who discover a spaceship and go on galactic adventures, meeting alien races and exploring new planets. I put in as much detail as I could about the far-off worlds, exotic beings, and thrilling action sequences. I'll keep practicing so that when it's my turn to go to college, I can write compositions that wow everyone like Sarah's did!To sum it up, Sarah's Narnia composition was hands-down the best college English paper I've ever witnessed. Her vivid language, sense of wonder, and excellent grasp of the story's most enchanting elements made the magic of Narnia feel completely real. It inspired me to want to become an extraordinary writer myself someday. I'm going to work really hard so that when I get to college, I can create dazzling compositions too! Maybe I'll even write a chapter in the next Chronicles of Narnia book. You never know... anything can happen when you let your imagination run wild!篇5Hi, my name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. My teacher Mrs. Robinson asked us to write about our favorite essay that we read in English class this year. I really liked this one essay a lot because it was easy for me to understand and it told a nice little story.The essay was called "My Best Friend" and it was 120 words long, which isn't too long for a kid like me. Here is the essay:My Best FriendI have a best friend named Jake. Jake is a golden retriever and he is my favorite dog in the whole world. We do everything together - play fetch, go for walks, and take naps in the backyard.Jake is so much fun! He always wags his tail when he sees me and licks my face to say hello. I love petting his soft fur and scratching behind his ears. Jake is the best friend anyone could ask for because he is loyal, loving, and makes me laugh every day.I hope we can be best friends forever!I liked that essay because it made me think about my own best friend, who is my stuffed bear Mr. Snuggles. Just like the kid wrote about playing fetch and going for walks with their dog Jake, I do all sorts of fun things with Mr. Snuggles too. We have infinite sleepover parties, we go on magical adventures in my backyard, and we even sit together and watch movies sometimes!Mr. Snuggles has been my very best friend since I was a little baby. He is always there for me when I'm sad or scared. I can tell him all my secrets and I know he'll never tell anyone else. Just like the essay said about Jake the dog, Mr. Snuggles is super loyal and loving. His fur is really soft and snuggly, just like his name!I hope me and Mr. Snuggles can be best friends forever and ever, just like the kid and Jake in the essay. Maybe when I'm older I'll get a real puppy too and it can be friends with Mr. Snuggles! Wouldn't that be awesome?Anyway, that's why I picked that essay as my favorite. It helped me appreciate my own special best friend even more. Thanks for reading about my favorite essay! I gave it two thumbs up!篇6My Favorite College English Essay (120 words)I really really liked reading the 120 word college English essay that my teacher showed us in class last week. It was so good! The title was "The Joys of Being a Kid" and it was all about how amazing it is to be a kid and how kids don't have to worry about grown-up things like work and bills.The essay said that being a kid is the best because you can play all day, eat ice cream whenever you want, and never have to do any chores or homework if you don't feel like it. It made me feel really happy to be a kid after reading it. I wish I could stay a kid forever and never have to grow up!That's why it's my absolute favorite 120 word college essay of all time. It perfectly captured the awesomeness of childhood in just a few sentences. When I get older and go to college, I'm going to try to write essays that are just as fun and creative asthat one. But for now, I'll just keep on being a kid and enjoying every minute of it!An In-Depth Analysis of the EssayOkay, so I know the essay itself was only 120 words, but I have a lot more to say about why I loved it so much. Being a kid is just the greatest thing ever, and that essay summed it up perfectly! Let me break it down piece by piece.First off, the title - "The Joys of Being a Kid." It's short, snappy, and gets right to the point. You know exactly what the essay is going to be about from those five simple words. As soon as I heard the title, I was hooked and couldn't wait to hear more.Then the essay dives right into listing all the awesome perks of childhood - playing all day, eating unlimited ice cream, and having zero responsibilities. Just reading those made me feel so free and happy! That's exactly what being a kid is all about.The best part was when the essay said we never have to do chores or homework if we don't want to. Yes! As a kid, you can just say "Nah, I don't feel like it today" if your parents ask you to clean your room or do math problems. You can't do that when you're a grown-up. Kids really do have it made!After listing all the joys of being a kid, the essay wrapped up by saying it makes the writer feel really happy to be a child. Same here! Reading that essay was like a reminder to appreciate my childhood while it lasts instead of wishing to grow up too fast.I could relate to every single word of that essay. It captured the essence of childhood so vividly and made me feel proud to be a kid. Even though it was short, it packed a powerful punch!When I'm older and have to take college English classes, I hope I can write essays that are half as engaging and relatable as "The Joys of Being a Kid." The way that essay writer could summarize the freedom and fun of childhood in just 120 words is so impressive to me. It's writing at its finest!I've probably read that 120 word essay about 20 times already, and I'm still not sick of it. Each time I read it, I'm filled with a new appreciation for my kid life - the lack of stress, the ability to just play all day, the pure bliss of pigging out on snacks without a care in the world.Seriously, that essay should be required reading for every single kid on the planet. It's the ultimate rallying cry for childhood - a 120 word masterpiece that fills you with immense gratitude for your kid life. I'd go as far as to say it's life-changing!After reading that amazing essay, I have a renewed determination to soak up every second of my childhood. More games, more ice cream, more laziness - that's my new philosophy! No more wishing to grow up faster. This is the good era, the one that 120 word essay celebrated so perfectly.You know, I really could go on and on gushing about how much I adore that。

剑桥商务英语BEC单词初级

Module 11.1 Business Topic World of work词语准备business n. 工商企业；商行；商业technique n. 技巧cross-culture adj.跨文化的Internet n.因特网，国际互联网presentation n.口头报告；陈述；叙述public speaking 演说，演讲consultant n. 顾问consultancy n. 咨询公司run(courses/workshops) vt. 开办（课程/讲习班）one-to-one 一对一的accredited adj. 公认的motivational adj. 激发积极性的client n. 客户entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的professional adj. 专业的，职业的involve vt. 包含；需要；使成为必要部分responsibility n. 责任；所负责的事情be responsible for sb./sth. 对某人/某事负责title n. 头衔（如将军、博士、伯爵）；职称（如医生、教授）sample n. 样品；使用产品account n. 账目；账户correspondence n. （往来的）信件badge n. 徽章identify vt. 发现；确定catering service 餐饮服务MD managing director的缩写，总经理，执行董事gadget n. 小巧的器械；小玩意儿interior n. 车内产品；内部装饰memo n. 备忘录；便条，便笺electrical appliances 电器，家用电器ship vt. 运送Power Point (用于设计制作专家报告、教师授课、产品演示、广告宣传的)电子版幻灯片，制作的演示文稿可以通过计算机屏幕或投影机播放bonus n. 奖金catalogue n. 产品目录positive adj. 积极乐观的presence n. 仪态，风度，风采diary n. 记事簿专有名词Athens n. 雅典（希腊首都）1.2 Business Skills Personal and professional details词语准备division n. 分理处，部门colleague n. 同事profile n. 传略，人物简介；概况questionnaire n. 问卷，调查表interview n. 采访；面试single adj. 单身的，未婚的musicial instrument 乐器file n. 档案，文件destination n. 目的地follow-up questions 后续问题，补充问题swap vt. 交换electronics n. 电子学；电子器件varied adj. 多变化的，各不相同的confectionary adj. 糖果的，有关甜食制造的annual adj. 每年的，年度的allocate vt. 分配，分派candidate n. 候选人criterion n. 标准，准则，（复数）criteria Inc. adj. Incorporated的缩写，股份有限的employee n. 雇员，员工values n. 价值观，准则supervise vt. 主管，监督，管理coordinate vt. 使协调scuba diving 水肺潜水marathon 马拉松赛跑finance assistant 财务助理audit vt. 审计master’s degree 硕士学位judo n. 柔道Chronic Fatigue Syndrom 慢性疲劳综合征ambitious adj. 雄心勃勃的internal adj. 内部的external adj 外部的journalism n, 新闻学，新闻业breed vt. 饲养terrier n. 小猎狗chewing gum 口香糖gallery n. 画廊，美术馆format n. 形式，格式Photocopiable activities 附加练习（1.1，1.2）词语准备write instructions for in-company software applications 为公司内部软件写应用说明do martial arts 练习武术financial controller 财务总监give authorization 授权quality assurance manager 质量保证部门经理petrol station 加油站office administrator 办公室行政人员deputy manager 副经理raw ingredient 此处指食品原料finished product 成品专有名词Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩（瑞典首都）Vancouver 温哥华（加拿大西海岸城市）Dublin 都柏林（爱尔兰共和国首都）Module 22.1 Business Topic Work in progress词语准备be in progress 在进行中，在运行中project n. 项目，工程garden vi.&vt. 种植或修整花园，从事园艺工作update vt. 更新construction n. 建筑，建筑物apart from 除了……之外minor adj. 较小的，次要的proceed vi. 进行，继续下去panorama n. 全景，全景画management team 管理团队take shape 成形ahead of schedule 提前于预定计划financial report 财务报告temp n. 临时雇员help out 帮助（某人）解决困难CEO chief executive officer的缩写，首席执行官CFO chief financial officer的缩写，财务总监give a presentation of 对……做陈述launch vt. 开始，开办，推出photocopy vt.&n. 影印，复印branch n. 分部，分店，分公司marketing manager 市场营销经理project manager 项目经理subcontractor n. 转包商period of transition 过渡期permanent job 永久性工作temporary employment agency 临时就业中介机构try out 测试，试用take maternity leave 休产假option n. 选择，可选择的办法career field 职业领域existing skills 现有的技能supervisor n. 主管，监督人temporary job 临时工作ask for a pay rise 要求涨工资meet one’s target 完成指标，完成定额sack vt. 解雇administration work 行政管理工作专有名词Brazil 巴西（南美洲国家）Lisbon 里斯本（葡萄牙首都）Belem 贝伦（巴西东北部港口城市）Fortaleza 福塔雷萨（巴西东北部港口城市）Valencia 巴伦西亚（西班牙港口城市）Montpellier 蒙彼利埃（法国南部城市）2.2 Business Skills Making arrangements 词语准备make arrangements 做安排，做准备plant n. 工厂，车间take time off 抽出一部分时间，休假，休息finance director 财务经理confirm vt. 确定，确认reception n. 接待，接待处，招待会trade fair 交易会，展销会present vt. 介绍，引见potential client 潜在的（准）客户quality inspector 质检人员job applicant 求职者festival n. 节日self-employed adj. 自己经营的，个体的，自雇的accept an invitation 接受邀请special reception 特别招待会anniversary n. 周年纪念venue n. 会场，会议地点attendance n. 出席，出席的人数专有名词Prague 布拉格（捷克斯洛伐克首都）Morpeth 莫派斯（位于英国诺森伯兰郡）Helsinki 赫尔辛基（芬兰首都）Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯（阿根廷首都）Toronto 多伦多（加拿大主要城市）Sydney 悉尼（澳大利亚东南部港口城市，新南威尔士州首府）Photocopiable activities 附加练习（2.1，2.2）词语准备spot vt. 认出，发现odd adj. 奇怪的，古怪的in-tray n. （办公室使用的）公文格，收件篮pyjamas n. 睡衣，宽长裤do yoga 做瑜伽filing cabinet 档案橱柜picnic blanket 野餐用地毯cuddle vi.&vt. 拥抱swivel chair 转椅make an excuse 编借口，找理由head of department 部门领导staff training 员工培训do stock-taking 清查存货attend new product launch 出席新产品推介会sales targets 销售指标PA abbr. Personal assistant的缩写，私人助理back up computer files 备份电脑文件inspect new branch premises 视察分公司新办公楼hand in resignation 递交辞呈local gallery 地方美术馆Module 33.1 Business Topic Company biography词语准备Biography n. 形成，成长和衰亡的记载（或历史）；传记fast food restaurant 快餐店transform vt. 转换，改变，改造global business 跨国企业original adj. 最初的，原始的franchise n.&vt. 特许经销权；给……以特许feature n.&vt. 是……的特色，以……为特色French fries 炸土豆条softdrink 软饮料；汽水milkshake 奶昔，泡沫牛奶（将牛奶和冰淇淋等混合后搅打至起泡的饮料）purchase n.&vi.&vt. 买，购买multimixer n. 多用混合器，多用混合机exclusive distributor 独家批发商open vi.&vt. 开设，开办，开张expand vi.&vt. 扩大，扩张corporation n. 公司，企业cosmetic n. （一般用复数cosmetics）化妆品inspire vt. 激发，启示，使生灵感philosophy n. 哲学revolutionary adj. 革命的raw material 原材料supplier n. 供应者，厂商ethical adj. 伦理的；道德的travel agency 旅行社contract vt. 订契约，立合同n. 契约，合同take delivery of 收（货），提取（货物）merge vi.&vt. （公司、企业等的）合并fleet n. 舰队（尤指有固定活动地区的舰队）budget airline 低价航空公司go public 上市，公开发售股票business partner 生意伙伴，商业伙伴entrepreneurial adj. 企业家的freelancer n. 自由职业者，自由撰写人 millionaire 网络百万富翁（靠成立网络公司或网络营销等发家）celebrity n. 名人entrepreneur n. 企业家专有名词Kuwait City 科威特城（中东国家科威特首都）San Bernardino 圣贝纳迪诺（美国加利福尼亚州东南部的一个县）Illinois 伊利诺斯州（美国中北部州）3.2 Business Skills Company performance 词语准备performance n. 业绩，成绩；性能distribute vt. 配送，分发，分送record profit 历史最高利润vegetarian n. 素食者adj. 素食的organic adj. (粮食)不靠化肥生长的，施用有机肥料的ingredient n. 配料；成分nutritious adj. 有营养成分的，营养的improve one’s image 改善形象banquet n. 宴会manufacturer n. 制造业者，厂商guarantee vt. 保证，担保symbol n. 象征，符号，记号innovative adj. 创新的，革新的sport utility vehicle 运动型多用途车component n. 成分optical instrument 光学仪器validation n. （可靠性）检测certify vt. 证明，保证application n. 应用，运用assurance n. 保证，担保；确信，断言founder n. 创始人，奠基人turnover n. 营业额dramatically adv. 戏剧地；引人注目地advertise vi.&vt. 做广告，登广告annual report 年终报告，年终总结share price 股票价格proactive adj. 积极的，主动的dedicated adj. 专注的，献身的unique adj. 唯一的，独特的access n. 接近（进入）的机会；接近（进入）的权利；如入口consolidate vi.&vt. 巩固brochure n. 小册子in this respect 在这个方面，在这个细节maximum n. 最大量，最大限度，极大Photocopiable activities 附加练习（3.1，3.2）词语准备coach n. 长途巴士vinyl record 乙烯基唱片（最早出现于20世纪30年代）record label 唱片公司company value 公司价值airfare n. 飞机票价market share 市场份额supermarket chain 连锁超市financial services 金融服务insurance n. 保险credit card 信用卡personal banking services 个人银行业务market stall 市场货摊vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆take over 接收，接管retailer n. 零售商self-service store 自助商店annual sales 年销售额hypermarket 大型超级市场，特级市场carbon footprint 碳足迹（指一个人的能源意识和行为对自然界产生的影响）4.1import n. vi.&vt.进口export n.vi.&vt.出口competitor n.竞争对手wholesaler n.批发商warehouse n. 仓库audio product 音响产品ban n.&vt.禁令fashion industry crisis 服装行业危机commissioner n.委员spokeswoman n.女发言人huge losses 巨大损失resign n.;vi.&vt.辞职garment n.服装clothing blockade 服装封锁in favor of 支持，赞成disastrous adj.损失惨重的import control 进口控制import quotas 进口配额compromise n.妥协，折中stock exchange 证券交易所，证券交易appeal to sb. 对···有吸引力available adj.有空的，能得到的dossier n.档案，卷宗flat adj.没电的，电用完了的embarrassing adj.令人难堪的in-house magazine 内部杂志participant n.参加者stressful adj.有压力的，紧迫的moderator n.会议主持人press the mute button 按下静音键reflect on 有损声誉，招来非议teleconference n.远程电话会议4.2printer cartridges 打印机墨盒description n.种类，性质；描述pass the message on to 把留言转给···complaint n.投诉cancel vt.取消extension number 分机号码pharmaceuticals n.医药用品budget n.预算plasma screen TV 等离子电视freight forwarder 货运商distributor n.发行人，销售商container n.集装箱production manager 生产经理，厂长5.1stock broker 股票经纪人，证券经纪人London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所bank account 银行存款bankrupt adj.破产了的a modest life 朴实无华的生活accommodation n.住处；膳宿get starter 开始source of income 收入来源olive n.橄榄farm produce n.农产品business contact 生意场的熟人/关系deal in 经营make enquiries 询问record shop 音像店human resource 人力资源HR manager 人力资源经理photography exhibition n.摄影展accountancy job 会计工作passion n.激情，热情competitive adj .竞争的give up sth. all together完全放弃某东西professional photographer 职业摄影师portrait n.肖像，人像studio n.照相室；画室；工作室；演播室；摄影场5.2design office 设计室book cover 书的封面printer n.印刷商；印刷工；打印机quotation n.报价in full colour 用彩色in black and white 用黑白色a full progress report详细的进展报告refer to 参考，查阅，查看book fair 书展a series of 一系列Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语adj意大利的，意大利语的.coincidence n.巧合，巧事move n.行动；步骤；措施；办法consolidate one’s strong position 巩固某人的强势地位removal company 搬运公司stationery 文具，信纸keep sb. up-to-date 使某人信息灵通utility n.公共事业；公用事业设备；公用事业公司bank loan 银行贷款paperwork 日常文书工作loan application 贷款申请additive n.添加剂flavor n.味道，滋味，香味on a small scale 小规模café小餐馆；饮食摊；咖啡馆snack bar 快餐柜，小吃店outlet n.商店；市场；销路strawberry n.草莓pear n.梨子mango n.芒果take on 雇用meet demand满足需求health club 健身俱乐部be in business做生意5.3poster n.海报，招贴office equipment 办公设备prefabricated hut 预制营房，活动房pharmaceutical company制药公司previous adj.在先的，在前的，以前的disastrous full 损失惨重的一跌reach the highest level 达到最高水平6.1passport n.护照pilot n.飞行员take off 起飞business/economy class 商务舱/经济舱first class 一等舱check in 办理登记手续air traffic controller 空中交通管理员baggage handler 行李员boarding pass 登机牌flight attendant 空姐；空乘人员identity card 身份证return ticket 往返票，回程票single ticket 单程票overbook vt.预定超额buffet n.自助餐cause chaos 引起混乱lounge n.候机室pay an excess charge 额外付费consumer help section 消费者服务栏目in-flight adj.机上的；在飞行中的airline representative航空公司代表confirmation email 确认信，确认函ask sb. for a refund 要求退款charge sb.向某人收费follow-up letter 追踪信件，后续信件fraud n.诈骗，欺骗credit card fraud 信用卡诈骗6.2amenity n.便利设备direct-dial telephone直拨电话jacuzzi n.水流按摩浴缸room service （旅馆等处送餐到客人房间的）客房用餐服务air-conditioning 空调设备Internet connection 网络连接hair dyer 电吹风conference equipment 会议设备fitness room 健身房laundry service 干洗服务luxury n.豪华master suite 主套房junior suite 普通套房contemporary cuisine 现代烹饪wine list 酒类一览表nine-hole golf course 九洞高尔夫球场concierge n.接待员，管理员broadband access 宽带接口complimentary newspaper 免费报纸provisional adj.临时的，暂定的quote vt.报价chambermaid n.客房女服务员porter n.行李员laptop n.笔记本电脑express n.特快列车dispute n.纷争，纠纷travel agent 旅行代办人divert to 转移，转向6.3dental adj.牙齿的technician n.技术员，技师internal communication 内部沟通ISO International Organization for Standardization的缩写，国际标准化组织inspector n.检查员，巡视员ensure vt.保证，担保make alterations做修改punctuation n.标点，标点符号7.1testimonial. n.证明书，推荐书refer to 提到，谈到remote control vt. 遥控，遥控装置install vt. 安装，安置adjust vt. 调整，调节，使适合personal preference 个人偏好characteristic n. 特性，特征non-peak 非高峰期electricity rate 电价energy conservation n. 能源的节约switch lights on and off 开关电灯burglar n. 夜盗fire brigade n. 消防队cell phone 手机watering system 浇水装置be away on holiday 去度假maintenance n. 维护calculate vi&vt. 计算fax n.&vt. 传真photocopier n. 传真机pen drive U盘笔PDA Personal Digital Assistant 的缩写，个人数字助理skype n. 语音即时聊天软件scanner n. 扫描器，扫描仪laser printer n. 激光打印机clientele n. 顾客，主顾submarine n. 潜水艇，潜艇average family 普通家庭running cost 运转费live show 现场直播的表演estimate vi&vt 估计，估价exclusive hotel 高档旅馆value for money 性价比，物有所值academic reputation 学术声誉tuition fee n. 学费curriculum n. （学校的全部）课程lecturer n. 讲课者，讲师percentage of graduates in work 毕业生就业率proximity n. 接近per annum adv. 每年executive position 管理岗位quality of the teaching 教学质量flexibility n. 弹性，机动性career preparation 职业准备share second place with…与····并列第二availability of subjects 开设/提供的课程7.2possession n. 所有物，财产italics n. 斜体；斜体字triangle n. 三角形rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的oval n.&adj. 椭圆（的）circular adj. 圆形的，循环的semicircle n. 半圆形length n. 长，长度width n. 宽，宽度height n. 高，高度depth n. 深，深度weight n. 重量LCD monitor LCD 是Liquid Crystal Display 的缩写，液晶显示器diameter n. 直径finish n. 末道漆grey metal 金属灰inflatable adj. 充气的，膨胀的rental n. 租金额，租金收入euro n. 欧元provider n. 供给者，供应者landline n. 陆上电线broadband connection 宽带连接dial-up connection 拨号连接technical support 技术支持Internet service user 互联网用户Consumer Protection Office 保护消费者权益办公室monthly charge 月收费，月租non-existent adj. 不存在的courier company n. 快递公司package n. 一整套东西；一揽子交易mobile adj. 移动的custom n. 惠顾；习惯，风俗billing period 付账期special offer 特价penalty n. 处罚，罚款feedback n.反馈7.3exercise equipment 运动器械domestic market 国内市场the local press 当地媒体drawer n. 抽屉red wood （木质为红色的）红树；红树木材8.3graffiti n. 涂鸦，乱涂乱画graffiti-resistant adj. 抗涂鸦的vandal n. 故意破坏公共财产者property n. 特性；特质be dedicated to 专门用于carry out 执行，贯彻automatically adv. 自动地show…around…带领某人参观···vandalise vt. 摧残，破坏deface vt. 破坏外观，丑化maintenance staff 维护人员，维修人员automate vi&vt. 使自动化output n. 产量demand n. 需求assembly line 生产线，流水线work at full capacity 满负荷工作，以全部力量工作buyer’s market 买方市场exceed vt. 超出loading bay 装卸平台Inventory n. 货物清单stock n. 库存，存货defect n. 缺点，缺陷eliminate vt. 消除，根除adopt vt. 采用，采纳；收养key features 主要特征；特色principle n. 原则；原理8.2solution n. 解决办法mechanism n. 机制voicemail n. 电子语音邮件petrol n. 汽油（英）diesel n. 柴油optical cell 光电仪器barcode scanner 条码扫描仪pager n. 寻呼机smoke detector/alarm 烟雾探测器closed circuit television 闭路电视disposable cup 一次性杯子lid n. 盖子；被盖smart adj. 巧妙的；聪明的temperature-sensitive adj. 对温度敏感的anti-virus program 防病毒软件production targets 生产指标be compatible with 与···兼容；一致log on (to) 登录电脑；注册customer service 客户服务break into 破门而入go out of business 歇业，停业keep crashing 指电脑系统出故障be off sick with flu 得流感请病假kiln n. （砖，石灰等的）窑，炉；干燥炉plant manager 工厂经理，厂长ceramic adj. 陶瓷制品的meet quality standard 符合质量标准fuel n. 燃料sign a contract 签一份合同8.3reliable adj. 可靠地，可信赖的recommendation n.推荐departure time起飞时间in-flight service 机上服务joint decision 共同决定scenario n. 场景，情景cashier n. 出纳员administrator n. 管理员，行政官branch manager 分行经理，分公司经理security guard 警卫，保安foreign exchange department 外汇部9.1prototype n.原型；样品，样本norm n. 标准，规范exhaust emission 废弃排放hybrid n&adj. 杂交（的），混血儿（的），混种（的）hydrogen n. 氢power generator 发电机alternative n. 二者择一，可供选择的办法/事物car-oriented lifestyle 以车为主的生活方式trial version 试验品，试用品prediction n. 预测tram n. 有轨电车occupant n. 占有者，所有者；文中指坐车者public transport 公共交通solar panel 太阳能电池板joint venture 合资企业state-of-the-art technology 最先进的/最优良的技术electricity generation plant 发电厂withdraw vt. 撤离，退出strategy n. 策略，战略stabilize vi&vt.使稳定，保持···稳定geographical adj. 地理学的，地理的make a correct assessment 正确评估analysis n. 分析external factor adj. 外部因素mutual benefit 互惠，互利foreign exchange transaction 外汇交易，外汇业务relevant Chinese laws 相关的中国法律a rise in the demand 需求的增长low cost electricity 低价电tax rate 税率viable adj. 可行的with a view to 着眼于，以···为目的，考虑到appropriate adj. 适当的legal adj. 法律的，法定的，合法的environmental adj.周围的，环境的private property 私有财产comment n.&vi. 评论Unpredictable adj. 不可预知的Implication n.含意，暗示；行动、决定等可能产生的影响With regard to 关于9.2tropical adj. 热带的hit by a hurricane 受飓风袭击sweep across 横扫crane operator 起重机驾驶员structural damage 结构损坏power and communications lines 电线和通讯线路telephone line 电话线road and rail links 公路和铁路线disrupt vt. 使中断，使陷于混乱，破坏emergency team n.紧急救援队restore vt.恢复，修复，重建key sector 关键部门subsidiary n. 子公司handle a crisis n. 处理危机on the night shift 上夜班evacuate vt. 疏散，撤出emergency meeting 紧急会议machinery n. （总称）机器，机械cut off 切断；隔离give sb. an update 通告某人最新消息/情况action point 行动要点repair work 维修工作collapse n.&vi. 倒塌，崩溃，瓦解retail sector 零售部门interest rate 利率allegation n.指控financial malpractice 财务舞弊salmonella n.沙门氏菌poultry industry n.家禽业chaos n.混乱，混沌typical adj.典型的point of contact 联络人podcast iPod+broadcast 演化而来，播客（是个人通过互联网发布信息的方式，以音频和视频信息为主）headline n. （报纸的）大字标题take a hard look at sth. 密切注视某事务appoint vt. 任命，委任spokesperson n.发言人，代言人，辩护士panic n.&vi. 惊慌，恐慌compassion n. 同情，怜悯brand image 品牌形象agenda n. 议程move on 继续food poisoning 食物中毒specialist catering magazine 专业餐饮杂志review n.&vt. 评论blog weblog （网络日志）的简称，博客（是个人通过互联网发布信息的方式，以文字和图片信息为主）spill n.&vt. 溢出，溅出，散落，使流出main course 主菜steak tartar(e) （伴有洋葱、鸡蛋等供生吃的）鞑靼牛排lamb shop 小羊排dessert n. 餐后甜点things go from bad to worse 情况越来越糟apologise for sth. 为某事道歉accept full responsibility 承担全部责任9.3collateral n. 担保品，抵押品under-used adj. 未充分利用的；使用不当的deposit n&vt. 存款poverty n.贫穷，贫困rural area 农村地区commute vi.（乘公共汽车、火车或船）往来（于工作地点和住所之间），通勤middle management 中层管理人员discipline n.分心，分心的事物distraction n.孟加拉国（亚洲国家）10.1portfolio n.组合full-time education 全日教育，脱产教育people in jobs 在职员工education in the workplace 在职教育prioritise vt. 把···区分优先次序innovation n. 革新，创新mind gymnastics 思维训练profitability n.收益性qualification n. 资格；资格证书expertise n.专家的意见；专业技术seminar n.研讨会；研修班semester course 学期课程e-learning n.网络学习lecture theatre 报告厅well-attended adj.有很多人参加的leadership n.领导才能brain power 智能Sudoku n.数独游戏cross word puzzle 填字游戏tuna .n. 金枪鱼salmon n. 鲑鱼vice versa adv. 反之亦然charismatic adj.有魅力或领袖气质的authoritative adj.有权威的organized adj.有条理的understanding adj.善解人意的leadership potential 领导潜能resolve disagreement 解决分歧take responsibility for 对···负责任inspiring adj.鼓励人心的agree on 对···取得一致意见10.2conference n. 会议keynote speaker 主发言人new venture 新企业，新项目multi-sectorial event 行业集会，聚会arrange catering 安排餐饮registration form 注册表finalise budget 最后确定预算priority n. 优先处理的事，优先权human interaction 人际互动network n. 人际关系网entrepreneurship n. 企业家精神strategic planning 战略规划do without 没有···也行be/go over budget 超出预算preferential rates 优惠价，特惠价small talk 闲谈be proud of 为···感到骄傲thanks to 感谢···have sb./sth. doing 让某人/某物处于做某事的状态smart-casual clothes 品质上乘的休闲服装corporate hospitality 公司接待，商务接待politics n. 政治；政见earnings n. 所得，收入dress code 着装惯例，着装准则local specialty 地方特产recommend vt. 推荐；介绍10.3business correspondence 商业信函catering company 餐饮公司top quality 品质上乘corporate event 公司活动specialize in 擅长于；专政discount n. 折扣faulty adj. 有缺点的，有毛病的acknowledge vt. 答谢11.1health and safety signs 健康与安全标志first aid 急救high voltage 高电压in case of 假设，万一elevator n. 电梯commence vi&vt. 开始，着手Fire alarm call point 火警呼叫按钮assembly point 集合处hazard n. 危险，冒险的事minor injury n.轻伤procedure n.程序；手续emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件cement factory 水泥厂fire extinguisher 灭火器protective clothing 防护衣temperature n.温度consume vt.消费waste material 垃圾canteen n. 食堂sign in 签到production area 生产区production line 生产线main office building 办公主楼no-smoking zone 非吸烟区keep clean and tidy 保持干净和整洁fire exit n.安全出口，紧急出口clearly marked 清楚地标明clock in 用打卡机记录上班时间fire drill 消防训练，火灾避难训练delete vt. 删除get the sack 被解雇，被解职high-heel shoes 高跟鞋be clear of obstacles n.没有障碍物be kept clear 保持通畅tie back one’s hair 把头发向后扎起来protective mask 防护面具bend one’s knees 屈膝white coat 白大褂workplace etiquette 工作场所行为规范dos and don’ts in the workplace 工作场所行为准则deep vein thrombosis 深静脉血栓症lump n. 块（尤指小块）clot n. （血液等的）凝块symptom n.症状，征兆block the vein 阻塞血管have serious consequences 有严重后果alcohol n.酒精，酒humidity n. 湿气，潮湿，湿度surf the Internet 网上冲浪massage n.按摩have a snack 吃点心entrance lobby n. 入门的大厅，休息室lava lamp n.熔岩灯hallway n.走廊gymnastic room adj. 体操房；健身房rowing machine 划船练习架locker room 更衣室；衣物间assorted video games 各式各样的电子游戏baby grand piano 小型卧式钢琴pool table 台球台，桌球台snack room 点心室cereal n.谷类视频，谷类toffee n.太妃糖yoghurt n.酸乳酪cappuccino n.热牛奶咖啡density n.密度densely packed密集的university campus 大学校园suburban office park adj.郊区办公园区11.2slip n.&vi.滑落，滑倒get stuck 被卡住，被夹住cartridge n.墨水盒accident report form 事故报告单lose one’s balance 失去平衡hit sb. on the head 砸在头上hurt oneself badly 严重受伤a small cut 小伤口cupboard n. 橱柜，碗碟柜a member of staff 一名员工carry out the following checks 进行以下检查health and safety awareness 健康与安全意识computerize= computerize vt. 用计算机处理，使计算机化maintenance man 维修人员sort vt. 分类theme park 主题公园safety record 安全记录safety inspection 安全检查category n. 种类，类别burger bar 汉堡包柜台heart attack 心脏病发作roller coaster 过山车safety lock 保险锁pregnant adj.怀孕的Space Mission Simulator n.太空任务模拟器heart exhaustion 中暑衰竭（指轻度中暑）dehydration n.脱水choke vi&vt.窒息，哽住，使呼吸困难aquarium 水族馆dolphin n.海豚bruise n.&vi.&vt.瘀伤，擦伤，打伤，装上arm band 臂带microchip 微芯片barrier （阻碍通道的）障碍物；栅栏，屏障restriction n.限制，约束designate vt.指明，指出leaflet 传单entry ticker门票summarise=summarize vi.&vt. 概述，总结11.3cut waste 减少浪费reduce costs 削减开支work procedures 工作程序water onsumption 水消费12.1job satisfaction 工作满意度promotion n. 晋升flexible hours 弹性工作时间unemployment n.事业lottery n.彩票sponsor n. 赞助商；保证人migrant n.移民，移居者survey n.调查recruitment agency 招聘公司exploitation n. 剥削；利用positive attitude 肯定的态度PR Public Relations 的缩写，公共关系nationality n.国籍vacancy n.空缺的职位accounts department 会计部门rumour n.谣言；传说win a large export contract 订了一份大单的出口合同production capacity 生产能力luxury cruise ship 豪华游轮12.2public relations coordinator 公共关系协调员dynamic adj. 充满活力的be fluent in 能说流利的···PR strategies 公关策略product launch 产品推介会media exposure 媒体暴露covering letter 说明信，求职信degree n.学位recruitment n. 招聘text type 文本类型attachment n. 附件enclosure n.附件；封入信封之物be attentive to 专心致志于administrative adj. 管理的，行政的well-qulified adj. 有良好资格的；有很好资历的well-oraganised adj. 有良好条理的variety n. 多样性weak point 弱点follow-up n.追踪调查12.3cloze test 完形填空global market 全球市场integrate into/with 使成为一体，把···和···结合起来diversity n. 多样性label n.标签，标志play a key role 起到关键作用identity n. 身份uniqueness n. 独特性，唯一性individual n. 个体，个人legible adj. 清晰地，易读的enrolment n. 注册登记，入学due n. 应付款，应得物likely adj. 很可能的，合适的penalize vt. 处罚In the question 提到过的，讨论到的Dominate vi.&vt.支配、。

英语国家概况(2)期末模拟试卷A

英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷AⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)1.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____.A Thomas JeffersonB George WashingtonC William PennD Benjamin Franklinn2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____.A each new state had its own governmentB each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairsC the national government was called the Congress with little powerD the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined3.Service industry does not include ____.A bankingB management consultationC airlineD steelmaking4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____.A Ernest HemingwayB Eugene O’NeillC William FaulknerD F. Scott Fitzgerald5. ____ invented the telephone.A Samuel R.B. MorseB Alexander Graham BellC Thomas Alva EdisonD Reginald Fessenden6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____.A The Appalachian MountainsB The Rocky MountainsC The Green MountainsD The Blue Ridge Mountains7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____.A investmentB student tuitionC endowmentsD government funding8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway?A Light in AugustB The Sun Also RisesC A farewell to ArmsD For Whom the Bell Tolls9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true?A Elementary school, grammar schoolB Elementary school, junior high schoolC Elementary school, secondary schoolD junior high school, senior high school10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?A briberyB tax evasionC false advertisingD robbery11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A NatureB WaldenC The Scarlet LetterD The Fall of the House Usher12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada?A AlbertaB OntarioC British ColumbiaD Quebec13.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A John F.KennedyB James FarmerC Ella BakerD Martin Luther King, Jr.14.Which of the following is considered an American master piece?A The Last of the MohicansB The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC The Masque of the Red DeathD Moby Dick15.By 1985, how many per cent of immigrants were non-European?A 30 per centB 80 per centC 60 per centD 50 per cent16.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____.A EnglishB FrenchC Mandarin ChineseD Cantonese17.Which of the following novels was made into an extremely successful film in 1997?A Lost in the BarrensB The Two SolitudesC The Handmaid's TaleD The English Patient18.Which of the following invention facilitated the out-migration-movement into suburban location?A automobileB electric lawn mowerC mechanical reaperD telephone19.The tradition of the vocal ballad which contributed to the blues form was usually accompanied by ___.A a guitarB a pianoC a banjoD a trombone and a cymbal20. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A the QueenB a Cabinet MinisterC the Prime MinisterD the Government GeneralⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)21. The Constitution set up a federal system with ____.22. T.S. Eliot's long poem ____ revealed a pessimistic view of post-World War 1 society. He dominated the so-called "Modern" movement in poetry.23. Mark Twain’s ____ is considered the greatest novel in American literature.24.The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands for ____ and NFC, which stands for ____.25.As a member of the Commonwealth, Canada used to unquestioningly assist ___ in its foreign policy.26.Canada preferred to establish a nation based on _____,_____ and good government.27.The first Catholic president in the U.S.was ____.28.The civil rights movement, together with ____ and ____ during the 1960s had been deeply rooted in U.S.history.29.____ is the most successful and internationally recognized of current Canadian novelists.30.Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income in the U.S.:_____, endowment and _____.31. Jazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by ____.ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)32.Where did the English first settlers land in North America?33.Who was the main author of Declaration of Independence?34.What is the symbol of the Republican Party?35.Which church do the majority of Americans belong to?36.Who was the author of Leaves of Grass?37.Which invention marked the beginning of "The Age of Visual Information"?38.Who were assinated in 1968 which was known as a violent and tragic year in U.S. history?39.Who suggests that the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature?40.Who made the first desktop PC?41.What is the other official language besides English in Canada?ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)42.Mark Twain43.Henry Ford44.Niagara Falls45.American Indians46.Disneyland47. a federal system48. NBA49.Blues英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷BⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)1.Which of the following statements refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A VirginiaB Rhode IslandC New YorkD Maryland2.Which of the following was NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A The freedom of religionB The freedom of searching a person's home by policeC The freedom of speech and of the pressD The right to own weapons if one wishes3.Mark Twain' works are characterized by the following except ____.A sense of humorB egotismC jokesD tall tales4.The United States was rated ____ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.A secondB thirdC fourthD fifth5.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A ProtestantB CatholicC IslamicD Judaism6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____.A The Appalachian MountainsB The Rocky MountainsC The Green MountainsD The Blue Ridge Mountains7.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except ____.A the Bill of RightsB the judicial reviewC the political party systemD the powers of the president8.When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio?A 1901B end of 19th centuryC New Year's Eve 1905D Christmas Eve 19059.____ led to the end of Pony Express System?A TelephoneB TelegraphC RailroadD Steamboat10 One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513) in the U.S. is ____.A New YorkB BostonC PhiladelphiaD St Augustine11.Which of the following is NOT a team game?A volleyballB bowlingC soccerD field hockey12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada?A AlbertaB OntarioC British ColumbiaD Quebec13.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A universities and collegesB research institutionsC technical institutionsD undergraduate institutions14.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true?A Elementary school, grammar schoolB Elementary school, secondary schoolC Elementary school, junior high schoolD junior high school, senior high school15. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada?A ManitobaB SaskatchewanC OntarioD Quebec16.Which of the following parties represents the most interests of Quebec?A the Bloc QuebecoisB the Progressive PartyC the Liberal PartyD the Reform Party17.Who wrote the book The Scalpel, The Sword?A F.R ScottB Norman BethuneC Ted AllanD Mordecai Richer18.Around the beginning of 20th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ____.A work as farmers and minersB build the railroadC do fur tradeD open shops19.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____.A EnglishB FrenchC Mandarin ChineseD Cantonese20.Who suggests the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature?A Margaret LaurenceB Michael OndaatjeC Margaret AtwoodD Ted AllanⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)21.The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the U.S. Constitution was made is ____.22.'WASP' stands for ____.23. ___ won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993, the first Afro- American writer to receive this honor.24.F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel ____ was about youth's golden dream turning to disappointment.25.When either team calls for a stop, this is called ____.26.The capital of Canada is ____and the second largest city is _____.27.Americans movies were mostly made in ____, near the city of _____ in South California.28.There are two divisions in National Basketball Association, _____ and _____.29.In the summer of 1963, hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators, marched to Washington, D.C., where _____ gave the famous _____ speech.30.The Canadian parliament is divided into a lower house named ____ and an upper house called _____.ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31.Who started the New Deal?32.When did the United States have the first standard paper currency?33.Who was the first to use assembly line for manufacturing cars?34.Where was the first continental Congress held?35.What is the main duty of the U.S. congress?36.Who heads the judicial branch?37.What does "K" stand for in the term of "K to 12 education"?38.Who is the official head of Canada?39.What is the other official language besides English in Canada?40.What is the symbol of the Democratic Party?ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)41.Disneyland42.the "Beat Generation"43.elementary school44 The Scarlet Letter45. Niagara Falls46.The Stevens47.Margaret Atwood48.the Bill of Rights。

现在大学英语精读第二版1（unit1-unit6）教案

现在⼤学英语精读第⼆版1（unit1-unit6）教案Lesson One Half a DayI. Teaching ObjectivesIn this unit, you willa)learn some information about the author and the textb)catch the plot, setting and the theme after reading the story quicklyc)analyze the main characters of the textd)know the intention of the author to write the storye)paraphrase some difficult sentences from the storyf)pick out the good use of languageII. Main Contents1. Warm-up activities2. About the writer and the text3. Plot, setting and theme of the story4. Text appreciation5. Detail information of the text6. Reading of the text B7. Elliptical question & rhetorical question and Inverted sentences8. Finish off all the exercisesIII. Main Focus and PointsOral practice, analysis of the characters, language focus on actionsIV. Teaching Methodsa) Student-centered and task-based teaching methodsb) Reflective study and autonomous learningV. ReferenceWebsites about the writer and the storyTeacher’s bookVI. Exercises and PracticeFinish the exercises in the textbookRecite some parts of the text.VII. Further thinking"Who, through works rich in nuance - now clear-sightedly realistic, now evocatively ambiguous - has formed an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind”After reading “Half a Day”, how do you understand the comment on Naguib Mahfouz?Great works never fail to reveal the common human experience.After reading the story, do you feel emotionally or spiritually touched? Why or why not?IX. Teaching ProcedurePicture Talking for Warming-upToday, we will study Half a day by Naguib Mahfouz. Let’s first appreciate The Persistence of Memory, 1931by Salvador Dali (萨尔⽡多-达利的油画《记忆的永恒》). Can you find any clue about life and time from the picture? Do you know any sayings or quotes wise enough to express your feelings? I will write down a couple on the blackboard as hints.Let’s categorize the sayings and quotes according to the i mplications they carry. Hopefully, some expressions may help you better understand the story Half a Day, and meanwhile, you will find it excellent to have lots to express yourself in both writing and speaking.More quotes and sayings of time and life:If you want to make good use of your time, you've got to know what's most important and then give it all you've got.--Lee IacoccaNothing is worth more than this day.--Johann Wolfgang von GoetheEvery second is of infinite value.--Johann Wolfgang von GoetheHalf our life is spent trying to find something to do with the time we have rushed through life trying to save.--Will RogersDon't say you don't have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresea, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.--H. Jackson Brown, Jr.Time is what we want most, but what we use worst.--William Penn课前⼝头描述图画练习由⼝头描述相关图画⼊⼿，以了解学⽣预习课⽂内容的深度，提⾼学⽣描述场景的⼝语表达能⼒，帮助学⽣把扩充词汇量和在具体情景中使⽤词汇有机结合起来。

高中英语课堂培养学生核心素养的教学探索

高中英语课堂培养学生核心素养的教学探索摘要：核心素养的提出给教师的学科教学提出了新的要求。

核心素养是结合时代发展要求，以及新时代人才素养要求提出的具有跨时代意义的育人目标。

英语作为高中重要的学科，理应结合核心素养的具体内容，探究新的课堂教学策略。

文章立足课堂实践，对核心素养导向下的高中英语课堂教学策略进行了深入研究。

关键词：高中英语；核心素养；育人目标核心素养的提出，促使高中英语教学发生了根本转变，英语教学由过去的知识传递，转移到了学生的核心素养培养上。

这激活了高中英语教学课堂，贯彻落实了“以生为本”的教育理念，将教学重点放在了学生的情感发展、道德提升、文化熏陶、思维发散、语言应用上。

高中英语教师只有在充分认识英语核心素养的基础上实施教学策略，才能够点亮英语教学课堂、绽放智慧花火，在有效达到育人目的的同时发挥英语学科的功能作用，实现有效教学。

一、利用互联网灵活呈现内容，激发学习欲望在互联网技术蓬勃发展的今天，初中英语教学应当与时俱进，运用现代化的教学工具为课堂增色。

当下，各种网络教学平台层出不穷，为不同阶段学生的学习提供了许多帮助，让学生即使没有教师的指导也能进行高质量的自主学习，而学生自学能力的提升对英语素养的提高大有益处。

同时，互联网为学生提供了丰富的信息，教师可以引导学生自主收集、整理与课堂问题相关的资料，理清解决问题的思路，探究问题的答案，从而锻炼了学生的英语思维；也可以引导学生通过各大学习平台或互联网渠道阅读一些英语文章、诗歌、剧本等，以提升学生的文化品格，丰富学生的知识储备。

在教学过程中，教师可以充分利用多媒体教学工具，通过构建思维导图，学生能深刻、透彻地理解所学知识。

例如，讲到“healthy eating”这一单元时，教师可以利用多媒体展示一些健康的食物，并将这些食物进行分类，让学生分析哪些是西方国家比较受欢迎的，哪些是东方国家比较受欢迎的。

随后，教师可以给学生展示一些形体方面的图片，让学生感受到中西方在身材审美方面的不同。

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Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience (1848)
Thoreau was a transcendentalist. Transcendentalism: A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition.
Thoreau dedicated his life to the exploration of nature — not as a backdrop to human activity but as a living, integrated system of which you and I are simply a part. --Randall Conrad, Director of the Thoreau Project
MAIN POINT 2: Most men serve the state mechanically and do not freely exercise moral judgment about their service.
“The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgment or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose.”
If a government is maintaining unjust laws, people should at once effectually withdraw their support, both in person and property, from the government. They should “not wait till they constitute a majority of one, before they suffer the right to prevail through them. I think that it is enough if they have God on their side, without waiting for that other one. Moreover, any man more right than his neighbors constitutes a majority of one already.”
• “That government is best which governs least” • “…I ask for, not at once no government, but at once a better government.”
Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience (1848)
Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience (1848)
MAIN POINT 3: It is man’s duty to wash his hands of wrong.
“It is not man’s duty, as a matter of course, to devote himself to the eradication of any…wrong; he may still properly have other concerns to engage him; but it is his duty, at least, to wash his hands of it, and, if he gives it no thought longer, not to give it practically his support. If I devote myself to other pursuits and contemplations, I must first see, at least, that I do not pursue them sitting upon another man’s shoulders. I must get off him first, that he may pursue his contemplations too.”
"He [Thoreau] had a great contempt for those who made no effort to gauge accurately their own powers and weaknesses, and by no means spared himself, of whom he said that a man gathers materials to erect a palace, and finally concludes to build a shantee with them." --Ralph Waldo Emerson, philosopher and Thoreau’s friend and mentor
Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience “He [Thoreau] is a singular character — a young man (1848)
with much wild original nature still remaining in him; and so far as he is sophisticated, it is in a way and method of his own. He is as ugly as sin, long-nosed, queer-mouthed, and with uncouth and somewhat rustic, although courteous manners, corresponding very well with such an exterior. But his ugliness is of an honest and agreeable fashion, and becomes him much better than beauty.” ---Nathaniel Hawthorne, distinguished American novelist
“Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also a prison…. Cast your whole vote, not a strip of paper merely, bቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱt your whole influence.” --Henry David Thoreau
“Unjust laws exist: shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally, under such a government as this, think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them. They think that, if they should resist, the remedy would be worse than the evil. But it is the fault of the government itself that the remedy is worse than the evil. It makes it worse. Why is it not more apt to anticipate and provide for reform? Why does it not cherish its wise minority?”
Source: Excerpted from The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition Copyright © 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V.
Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience (1848)
MAIN POINT 1: Thoreau prefers a laissezfaire government, but he does not call for abolishing government. Rather he wants a better government.