电子签核集成说明for9.0
易飞9.0.8与EasyFlow3.6集成说明第二版日期:2013-11目录目录 (2)一.系统介绍 (4)1系统目的 (4)2系统特色 (4)3系统效益 (4)4与其他集成方式的区别 (5)二.电子签核适用前提 (5)三.安装 (6)3.1易飞方面 (6)3.1.1 安装易飞 (6)3.2 安装WebService (6)3.3 工作流方面 (9)3.3.1安装Digiwin Guard (9)3.3.2 安装EFNET (16)3.3.3 安装CROSS(若采用CROSS集成方式,请安装CROSS;若采用一般的WebService集成方式则无需安装CROSS;) (42)四.部署说明 (56)4.1. 易飞中的设置 (56)A. 若整合方式为webservice方式,设置易飞和工作流webservice参数如下: (56)B. 若整合方式为CROSS,需要勾选“启用透过Cross进行整合”,具体设置如下: (57)4.2. WebService配置 (60)A. WebService配置; (61)B. 若启用CROSS集成则还需配置“其他产品线集成配置”; (62)4.3. 工作流配置 (63)4.3.1 EFNET目录权限设置 (63)4.3.2 系统设置 (67)A. 若是使用WebServices,则配置如下: (68)B. 若是使用CROSS,则如下配置: (69)五.实例介绍 (80)5.1易飞(送签-审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) (81)5.2易飞(送签-审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准) (86)5.3易飞(送签-撤销审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) (87)5.4易飞(送签-撤销审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准) (89)5.5易飞(送签-作废)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) (91)5.6易飞(送签-作废)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准) (93)六.常见问题 (95)一 .系统介绍1 系统目的2 系统特色 表单设计流程设计 移动签核 ● 纯向导式设计● 无代码化工具● 数据自动关联● 逻辑运算自动生成● 支持多种控件,生成复杂表单 ● 图形化设计 ● 多种流程角色可供选择 ● 支持多条件混合判断 ● 流程提醒 ● 节点I/O 权限控制 ● 多种审批模式 ● 支持智能手机查阅 ● 手机审批 ● 回写审批意见3 系统效益◆ 有效提升企业流程工作效率易飞中的签核单据,透过 流程引擎快速传递,突破地理距离的限制,人员出 差亦可透过Internet 连线实时处理,彻底解决人员出差在外无法处理事务的限制,提高整 体流程工作效率,有效提升企业竞争力;◆ 实时的流程追踪管理有效防止工作积压以电子表单流转方式实现对企业业务流程管理的电子审批及处理的办公平台,目的是为了提升企业整体业务流程的效率。
提供在线流程追踪查询功能,可以随时查询目前的签核流程处理狀况,大幅降低管理成本;◆有效透视企业流程瓶颈提供流程再造新契机可以针对,人员、部门、流程之工作负荷与作业效率,提供对应的统计分析表,有效透视企业流程瓶颈,提供企业流程再造的新契机,提升整体工作效率;◆内建自动稽核功能,提升整体工作效率系统内建自动稽核功能,对于逾时签核者,自动寄发警示邮件通知,有效防止文件积压,提升整体工作效率;4与其他集成方式的区别二.电子签核适用前提1、版本:●易飞:9.0.0.0及以上版本●工作流:3.2.1及以上版本2、操作系统:●易飞:Microsoft Windows Server2000+ SP4或Microsoft Windows Server2003+ SP2 简体中文版及以上●工作流:Microsoft Windows Server 2003+IIS 6 及以上3、语言别:●易飞服务器端只支持中文简体,客户端支持中文简体、中文繁体和英文●工作流服务器端支持中文简体、中文繁体,客户端支持中文简体、中文繁体4、数据库:●易飞:Microsoft SQL Server 2000 以上●工作流:Microsoft SQL Server 2005 SP2 以上5、权限要求:●工作流:将EasyFlow目录开放给NETWORK SERVICE修改权限●Webservice:将bin目录开放给NETWORK SERVICE修改权限三.安装3.1易飞方面3.1.1 安装易飞具体安装操作参考《易飞90安装手册.pdf》(略)3.2 安装WebService1)打开易飞安装文件所在文件位置,开启安装文件,选择【安装易飞通用集成接口(webservice)9.0.8.0】2)选择安装【工作流集成】,点选【下一步】:3)获取当前环境信息,点选【下一步】:4)选择安装目的地文件路径,可更改,设置好安装目录,点选【下一步】:5)开始安装:6)安装结束,点选下一步7)完成安装3.3 工作流方面3.3.1安装Digiwin Guard目的:在虚拟机上搭建工作流服务器,需在工作流虚拟机所在的实体机上安装工具Digiwin Guard。
3.3.1.1检查网络设定1)在实体机器上,按下开始-运行2)在运行窗口中输入CMD3)待命令提示视窗显示后,输入ipconfig,若实体机的IP是固定的,则寻找实体机的网卡IP,EX:目前环境所分配IP为172.16.1.203;若实体机的IP是变动中的,则寻找VVMnet8下的IP地址,EX:目前所分配的是192.168.232.1实体机的IP不固定实体机的IP是固定4)在虚拟机器内,按下开始-运行-输入CMD,待名字提示视窗显示后,输入ping 172.16.1.203 (此IP为第三步骤选择实体机之网卡IP),若有出现如下画面表示实体机器与VM是可以沟通的。
3.3.1.2 安装控管服务(Digiwin Guard)1)开启Digiwin Guard安装程序所在位置(\\SetupTool\DigiwinGuard\Setup.exe),并点选安装程序开始安装,必须安装于实体机器上(欲执行VM的实体机器上)。
2)开启安装程序后,点选下一步3)选择【我接受该授权合约中的条款】后,点选下一步4)输入使用者信息,点选下一步5)选择要安装的目的地文件夹,可点选变更自定义安装目录,设置完毕后点选下一步6)输入与选择完成安装信息后,点选安装按钮开始安装7)勾选【启动程序】(预设),点选完成按钮后,完成安装。
3.3.2 安装EFNET3.3.2.1 安装Microsoft SQL Server具体安装操作参考《易飞90安装手册.pdf》中第二章安装 SQL Server部分(略)3.3.2.2 安装IIS说明:以Window Server 2003下配置IIS 为例介绍1)在【管理您的服务器】下选择【添加或删除角色】:2)选择【应用程序服务器(IIS,)】,点选【下一步】:3)勾选【FrontPage Server Extension】和【启用】,点选【下一步】:4)点选【下一步】,开始配置IIS:5)完成安装:3.3.2.3 安装EFNET说明:本次文档针对EFNET的首次安装做说明,其他安装方式参考工作流文档《01_安装--EF 31 易飞光碟新安裝注意事项_CHS_.pdf》1)开启安装程序EFSPTool.exe,选择运行2)此光盘包含首次安装及小版版更及大版版更三个选项,本次安装选择首次安装说明:1、首次安装:为全新未安装过版本之选项2、小版版更:为已安装过EasyFlow NET 3.1. 1(含)之后版本作版本更新之选项3、大版版更:为已安装过EasyFlow NET 2.X之版本作版本更新之选项。
注意:若为EasyFlow NET1.X版之客户,请务必先升级到2.X版后再安装此版本3)首先选择安装【数据库服务器(DB Server)】说明:数据库服务器安装完毕后,程序会自动到DB 中建立EFNETSYS 及EFNETDB 两个数据库4)选择继续安装5)先输入数据库地址和数据库使用密码,再择测试联机,出现如下画面后,点选确定后开始安装一般输入工作流服务器输入数据库账户的登6)开始安装7)完成安装,点选确定验证EFNETDBPDLOG、EFNETDB、EFNETSYS三个数据库安装完成;8)选择安装网页服务器(AP Server)9)选择继续安装10)点选安装易飞ERP(XML方式),设置程序安装目的路径,点选开始安装选择文件系统是NTFS 11)开始安装12)产生序号注册信息选择key文件所在位置,产生查询序号一,输入虚拟化授权主机IP(若工作流所在服务器是实体机,则不需要输入该选项),按下产生注册信息,产生查询序号二;开窗选择KEY文件所在查询序号一存在,且输入虚拟化授权主机IP,按下产生注册信息,虚拟机所在实体机的IP地址说明:key 文件需在工作流SP8中填写申请单(表单路径:行政办公-IT 内部服务申请 产品序列号申请单)。
将申请的key 文件和查询序号一、查询序号二邮件发给出货组获取安装序号和金钥,南京这边可以发送给杨艳(QQ: 1912367602)。
13)完成序号注册将出货小组反馈的安装序号和金钥分别拷贝至安装序号和安装金钥处,要注意是否有空格,点选注册,完成序号注册,关闭窗口;)数据库注册系统数据库名称:EFNETSYS数据库地址及账号/密码:工作流服务器端SQL Server 的用户登录信息,账号/密码一般是sa/238173 确保输入信息无误后按下测试联机,会出现【联机成功】的提示,如下所示,点选确定;虚拟机所在实体机的IP 地址将工作流小组反馈的安装序号按下注册,出现注册成功的提示后,点选确定,会弹出数据库的登录信息,点选确定后关闭窗口,完成数据库注册;15)安装完成,点选确定16)设定整合系统参数17)选择简体中文,点选确定18)设定数据库连接输入工作流数据库主机IP和数据库账户登录密码,点选下一步19) 系统模块设定选择购买的模块别和产品别,在申请key文件的时候进行说明ERP系统勾选易飞数据流整合(新);A.若为webservice方式则选择整合方式选择“一般”;20)设定工作流应用和站台IP、安装路径和易飞WebService地址EasyFlow AP IP地址和APPForm平台站台IP默认取工作流主机IPEasyFlow AP安装目录默认取工作流的安装路径,即3.3.2.3步骤10中设定的安装目录易飞数据流整合(新) WebService取的是易飞WebService地址,即3.2步骤3中设定的地址,若整合方式是CROSS,则不需要作此设置;设定完毕后,点选下一步B.若为CROSS集成则选择整合方式选择“CROSS”;执行人员的名称输入DS,点选下一步21)设定参数值将所有选项都勾选上,点选下一步;将四个选项都勾选上,点选下一步;确认参数设定是否完成,点选确定选择存档,完成设定;22)查看站点是否安装成功3.3.3 安装CROSS(若采用CROSS集成方式,请安装CROSS;若采用一般的WebService集成方式则无需安装CROSS;)具体安装操作可以参考《Doc\Installation的“系统安装手册”》,下面做简单的安装讲解;3.3.3.1安装A.打开易飞安装文件所在文件位置,开启安装文件,选择【安装 CROSS 1.1.5.0 For 易飞9.0.8.0】B.弹出的窗口中选择语言别,点【安装主程序】,开始安装CROSSC.安装Digiwin EAI Middleware界面,选“是”;按下面的截图一步步操作;默认是C盘;可以更改路径根据需要选择授权模式,这里简单介绍标准模式,企业模式请参照CROSS安装文档;D.设定数据库信息:数据库类型:目前限定为【SQL Server】;IP地址:输入数据库所在地址;端口号:输入数据库链接时所用的端口号(SQL Server预设为1433)实例名称:输入数据库实例名(SQL Server默认为MSSQLSERVER)数据库账号及密码:填写具有新增数据库及登入者权限的帐密(通常为sa账号)安装数据库的IP地址登入者权限密码E.检查联机是否正确,若成功,则进入下一步,错误返回上一层修正信息;填写建立的EAI Middleware数据库账号/密码,默认为:数据库账号:crossuser数据库密码:lwdv$ESZ建立数据库账号、密码F.检查数据库名称是否存在,如果已存在则出现错误讯息,返回重新修改;若账号可用,则进入下一步;G.如果数据库账号可用,则点下一步继续执行,填写建立的数据库名,默认CROSSSTD;H.检查数据库名称是否存在,若存在返回上一层修改,正确进入下一步;I.设定Digiwin EAI Middleware系统参数IP地址,按下一步;在数据库中生成CROSSTD数据库;。
易飞ERP90版内部认证-基础部分试题集与答案
易飞ERP90版内部认证-基础部分试题集与答案90基础单选1.以下哪一项是自定义凭证扩展无法做到的自身栏位扩展关联其他表进行扩展可以删除凭证里的标准栏位以上都无法做到2.如果想订单审核后,自动将审核时间回写到订单单头的UDF11,以下那种方式最方便默认值关联带值条件带值自定义3.颜色管理可针对颜色进行数据筛选功能,筛选项是通过对以下哪个信息进行颜色配置才能实现单头的栏位颜色单身的栏位颜色单头信息浏览的颜色单身表格的颜色4.下列关于单据间信息传递的说法错误的是条件带值时支持设置任意多个条件默认带值只能指定常量值关联带值只支持关联一个表进行带值以上都是错误的5.单据间信息传递不支持以下哪个数据处理类型自身带值批次抛砖带值删除单据带值赋值前置单据带值6.针对已经扩展好的栏位,以下哪种类型是无法设置的内含外显百分比日期条码7.颜色管理不可以做以下那种设置颜色字体(如宋体)粗体斜体8.下面关于订阅报表的描述,错误的是循环模式支持每天、每周、每月可以设置变动字段附件类型可以选择pdf、word、excel订阅的报表格式只能选择一个9.哪种类型的栏位不能设置颜色管理(或是几遍设置了也不会有效果)key值和不可空白栏位数值栏位备注型栏位所有栏位10.关于单据间信息传递描述错误的是?可以将一批程序录入一个项目中,通过有效码控制是否启用此项目进行单据间信息传递可以设置某个栏位的单据间信息传递为无效,从而达到取消传递的功能只能未自定义栏位设置单据间信息传递功能,不能为标准栏位设置单个用户可以分别决定是否启用单据间信息传递的功能11.以下那种类型的栏位支持模糊录入数值栏位备注栏位单别栏位以上都支持12.工作中心的消息接收人必须为?登陆用户员工部门组13.在对报表格式进行调整时,需安装并使用报表设计器(reportbuilder2.0),在安装报表计器之前需安装?.NETFramework1.0.NETFramework2.0.NETFramework3.5.NETFramework4.014.若要给报表定义关键字,以便在搜哈中搜索到,应使用下面哪支作业录入报表信息录入子系统信息录入自定义格式设置数据库参数15.下列关于模糊录入的功能中,说法错误的是支持模糊录入的栏位都是有开窗的栏位模糊录入弹出的画面中的栏位都能参与模糊搜索易飞所有建档都支持模糊录入功能模糊录入支持中文首字母进行查询16.单据间信息传递的方式不可以传递哪种数据常量基础信息档关联单据单身汇总信息17.关于【录入用户自定义开窗】作业功能的描述,错误的是用户可以用它来增加开窗的显示栏位用户可以用它来调整开窗栏位的显示顺序用户可以用它来调整栏位显示的名称用户可以用它来增加开窗的返回值18.针对已经设置好颜色管理的程序,某一个用户无法看到颜色呈现,最有可能的原因是电脑显卡有问题该用户没启用颜色管理操作系统有问题颜色配置有问题多选19.下面关于web报表的描述,正确的是登陆web报表时可使用已有的系统账号,不需要再次新建用户查阅web报表时,需安装易飞客户端后打开IE网页浏览器登陆操作报表的权限管控由现有的【录入用户(组)权限】作业统一设置,不需要另行设置作业【录入用户(组)权限】中的输出是否勾选对应网页中报表是否可导出、打印20.以下哪种类型的字段,不允许在工作流系统更改并回写给易飞系统需要进行逻辑计算的需要进行检核的备注类型的金额栏位21.如果想要进行签核,在工作流系统中都需要做哪些设置建立易飞中表单代号与工作流中表单代号的对应关系设定签核流程设定签核者用户权限以上都需要22.在web报表的艘和里输入搜索关键字后,系统会自动将其粉刺并搜索,搜索的内容包括报表编号、名称、描述、子系统编号、子系统名称报表关键字报表每个栏位名称报表内容23.以下哪一个作业用于将自定义报表格式发布至web上,让用户以页签方式切换查阅设计自定义报表录入自定义格式录入用户/组权限设置数据库连接参数24.派工消息回复派工状态时,包括哪些状态未开始进行中已完成移交别人注:还有一个挂起状态25.发送消息时,附件是使用易飞的什么东西进行管理的派班中心队列控制台文管服务器功能(还有一个消息派班中心)电子派班中心26.工作中心可以接收来自任务管理中心的所有的消息,包括派工消息(这个是工作中心里转发收件箱信息时启用的)预警消息数据订阅一般消息27.日历中新建待办事项没有的功能是全天事件周期性事件发送待办事项定时提醒28.易飞9.0仅仅登陆主画面后(不开启任何作业)用户数将会怎样占用1个不占占用2个占用3个29.Web报表支持报表导出什么格式,导出的office格式文件补单样式不会失真变形,而且可使用office所有版本打开阅读,兼容性更好(不需要安装office)Rft、excel、pngExcel、png、wordPdf、word、excelCsv、word、pdf30.发送消息要开启元件Dispatcher.exeMsgDispatcher.exeQueueManagerC.exeEFDispatcher.exe31.易飞电子签核,易飞能抛砖到/doc/bc6549173.html,的是易飞凭证图档易飞条件字段易飞ERP的附件易飞凭证画面XML档32.下面关于web报表的说法,正确的是易飞9.0的web报表安装程序并非独立的安装光盘,与易飞ERP 安装程序在一张光盘中易飞7.0/8.0的web报表不支持订阅,易飞9.0以上的web报表才支持订阅功能安装web报表前需安装SQLServer的ReportingServices服务,安装程序安装时会自动配置它Web报表模块授权由特殊模块控制员控制33.派工消息的查询功能在一下哪一项的右键菜单中找到发件箱收件箱草稿箱垃圾箱34.请问3.1版本的Easyflow产品可安装在以下哪个操作系统Windows2000 32位Windows2003 32位Windows2003 64位Windows2008 64位35.关于电子签核,一下说法错误的是易飞中同一程序,不同单别在工作流中只能有一个呈现界面易飞中同一程序,不同单别在工作流中只能有一个签核流程系统仅支持单据审核时进行送签以上都不对36.日历视图中可以浏览仅待办事项仅接受的消息所有接收的消息所有接收发送的消息及待办事项37.下面关于web报表描述正确的是若web报表登陆界面公司下拉框空白,可通过【设置数据库参数】作业配置Web报表可对现有的标准报表做自定义关联、衍生字段Web报表授权由易飞标准系统控制员统一管理报表设计器里,可给报表格式自定义添加分组进行小计、合计、分页,亦可添加统计图形38.以下不能在易飞9.0主画面下方跑马灯中显示的消息有派工消息所有消息未读消息待办事项。
XML集成电子签核90
电子签核—易飞端设置1
1.开启【设置共用参数】,勾选“电子签核”和“易飞电子签核”,启 用电子签核;如果是易飞80,此作业需要在电子签核模块开启。
电子签核—易飞端设置2(1)
2.(1)在电子签核模块开启【录入多公司信息】,设置连接信息;
一般只需修改工作流WebServiece地址和工 作流服务器IP为实际的工作流服务器的IP 即可,其他默认。 只需修改易飞WebServiece地址里的IP为实 际集成接口所在机器的IP(一般集成接口 安装于易飞服务器)即可,其他默认。
①查询员工后,点击 修改进行权限编辑; ④权限配置完成, 点击“存储”。
②点击开窗,查询出对应的 程序代号信息,双击,将程 序信息带入;
③信息带入后,点 击“存储”,将信 息带入单身;
实例介绍
以录入客户订单(COPI06)为例进行简单介绍,个案程序与标准程序送签 的设置和操作流程一致,本次就不详细介绍。下面给大家介绍的实例流程共 有以下几个分支: 1、易飞(送签-审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) 2、易飞(送签-审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准) 3、易飞(送签-撤销审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) 4、易飞(送签-撤销审核)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准) 5、易飞(送签-作废)——电子派班中心——工作流(核准) 6、易飞(送签-作废)——电子派班中心——工作流(不核准)
※案例分享,易飞WebService测试连接失败,并且数据执行保护已 经做全了?
问题原因:集成接口bin下的callwebservice.dll与system32中的不 一致。 解决办法:将集成接口bin下的callwebservice.dll更新到system32 。
电子签核—易飞端设置3
广东CA电子签名(签章)操作指南
广东CA电子签名(签章)操作指南2019年5月目录1前言 (1)1.1概述 (1)1.2适合读者 (1)1.3术语和缩略语 (1)2安装向导 (2)2.1安装数字证书客户端 (2)2.2安装电子印章阅读器 (3)3签章注意事项 (4)3.1签章PDF文件大小限制 (4)4电子签章操作 (4)4.1登录获取印章 (4)4.2普通签章 (7)4.3每页签章 (8)4.4骑缝章 (9)4.5批量签章 (10)4.6更多签章 (11)4.7撤消签章 (12)4.8退出签章 (13)5附录 (14)5.1错误编码表 (14)1前言1.1概述信鉴易™电子签章系统(简称:电子签章系统)是一款面向电子政务、电子商务等领域推出的,获得国密认证,符合《安全电子签章密码技术规范》的安全系列产品。
产品提供电子印章签发服务、电子印章签章服务、电子印章全管理服务,具有新技术、新模式、新业态的“互联网+”印章创新服务,为电子政务、电子商务发展提供有力的支撑服务,为政府机构、企事业等单位等提供PDF文档的防伪造、防篡改、防抵赖、安全可靠的签章服务。
电子签章系统组成包括:电子印章阅读器、企业云印章管理系统(简称:印章系统)。
签章阅读器是一款PDF文档阅读和签章软件,具有PDF文档的阅读操作和加盖电子印章的签章和验章功能。
签章阅读器是基于PKI公钥基础设施,以RSA公钥加密标准为规范,将数字证书和电子印章绑定,实现了在PDF文档加盖电子印章;并可将签章和文件绑定在一起,通过密码验证、签名验证、数字证书确保文档防伪造、防篡改、防抵赖,安全可靠。
电子印章云企业管理系统(简称:印章系统)是一款面向企业内部网络部署的电子印章授权及管理系统,具有对电子印章的数字证书管理及其绑定的印章进行授权、控制和管理,对电子印章使用记录审计日志。
1.2适合读者本手册主要为帮助用户快速了解电子印章阅读器的使用知识,适合以下读者:➢使用签章阅读器的用户;➢安装实施电子签章系统的工程技术人员;➢其他对电子签章系统感兴趣的读者。
Workspace ONE Boxer 管理员指南说明书
Workspace ONE Boxer 管理员指南VMware Workspace ONE UEM您可以从 VMware 网站下载最新的技术文档:https:///cn/。
VMware, Inc.3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 威睿信息技术(中国)有限公司北京办公室北京市朝阳区新源南路 8 号启皓北京东塔 8 层 801/cn上海办公室上海市淮海中路 333 号瑞安大厦 804-809 室/cn广州办公室广州市天河路 385 号太古汇一座 3502 室/cn版权所有© 2020 VMware, Inc. 保留所有权利。
版权和商标信息Workspace ONE Boxer 管理员指南目录1VMware Workspace ONE Boxer5部署 Workspace ONE Boxer 的要求5支持的 Workspace ONE Boxer 功能7将 S/MIME 证书从 Workspace ONE Web 侧载到 Workspace ONE Boxer14对共享 Android 设备的签入/签出支持14Workspace ONE Boxer 中的日历委派15Workspace ONE Boxer 的邮箱委派17将共享邮箱添加到 Workspace ONE Boxer19将共享日历添加到 Workspace ONE Boxer19DISA Purebred 对 Android 上的 Workspace ONE Boxer 的支持19在 Workspace ONE Boxer 中使用 Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签保护您的电子邮件和文档21为您的组织启用 Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签23在 Workspace ONE Boxer 中配置 Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签23将 Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签应用于电子邮件24接收带 Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签的电子邮件24Azure 信息保护 (AIP) 敏感度标签常见问题解答25与 Workspace ONE Boxer 结合使用的组件26Workspace ONE Boxer 的互操作性功能272Workspace ONE Boxer 部署29使用“应用分配”页面分配和配置 Workspace ONE Boxer30Workspace ONE Boxer 中的多个受管帐户36将 Workspace ONE Boxer 添加到公共应用程序40分配 Workspace ONE Boxer 及电子邮件设置41Workspace ONE Boxer 的应用程序配置44配置 Workspace ONE Boxer 的隐私设置60灵活的部署分配与 Workspace ONE Boxer61配置指纹身份验证62配置自定义 SDK 配置文件63使用派生凭证 (PIV-D) 配置 Workspace ONE Boxer643设备管理66阻止对 IBM Traveler 服务器的访问67第三方通讯录解决办法(仅限 iOS)67Workspace ONE Boxer 与 IBM Notes 结合使用时出现的同步和策略错误的解决办法69Android 版 Workspace ONE Boxer 中的后台进程执行70后台执行限制70Workspace ONE Boxer 管理员指南电池优化704Workspace ONE Boxer 比较矩阵71针对 IBM Notes Traveler 的 Workspace ONE Boxer 比较表格76 5Workspace ONE Boxer 常见问题解答81VMware Workspace ONE Boxer1Workspace ONE Boxer 是一个企业电子邮件客户端,让用户在企业自有设备和员工自带设备 (BYOD) 上都能顺畅访问企业电子邮件、日历和联系人。
贝特电子PTC系列产品承认书说明书
表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖 产 品 承 认 书 Product Approval Sheet环保符合性说明 (Instructions for HSF)本产品符合: RoHS 2.0 HF REACH LEAD FREE □ 其他备注编号NO. BDH-A/2-T日期 Date2023.05.23客户 (Customer)品名 (Product) PTC 系列 (Series)BDH series料号 (Part No.)规格描述 (Specification)备注 (Remark)贝特电子 Betterfuse客户 Customer供应商-贝特 Supplier-Better fuse确认合格章(Confirm qualified Signet )客 户 (Customer )零件承认章 (Approval Signet )制 作 Make 黄鸿坤审 核 Check 高飞 确 认 Approval 项伟荣联络 (Contact)业务 (Sales)电话 (Telephone)手机 (Cellphone)邮箱 (E-mail)零件承认后敬请回签一份给我司留存,或将承认后的封面回传至我司邮箱,谢谢!Please sign a copy of the parts for our company or fax the acknowledged cover to our E-mail. Thanks!表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖序号(No.)日期 (Date) 修订内容 (Modified Content)页码 (Page) 版本 (Edition) 制定人 (Prepared by) 审核人 (Checked by) 1 2022.07.07 Draft/A/0 Hongkun Huang Fei Gao 2 2023.02.20 Add BDH-1500,BDH-20004,5 A/1 Hongkun Huang Fei Gao 3 2023.05.23Add BDH -1200 and Update time-to-trip curve4,5,7 A/2Hongkun HuangFei Gao目 录 (Table of contents)Cover ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Modified Information ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1. Features ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Applications .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Agency Approval ................................................................................................................................................... 3 4. Size ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 5. Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................................................................................... 5 6. Parameter interpretation ...................................................................................................................................... 5 7. Polymeric PTC selecting guide ............................................................................................................................ 6 8. Warning ................................................................................................................................................................ 6 9. Thermal derating curve ........................................................................................................................................ 7 10. Typical time-to-trip at 25℃±2℃ ........................................................................................................................ 7 11. Storage recommendations (7)变更履历 Modified Information表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖 ✧ Radial leaded devices. ✧ Over-current protection✧ High voltage surge capabilities✧ Flame retardant epoxy polymer insulating material meets UL94 V-0 requirement. ✧ Available in lead-free version.✧ Meets MSL level 1, per J-STD-020 ✧Operating Temperature: -40℃~+85℃✧ IT equipment✧ Access network equipment ✧ Central office equipment ✧ ISDN and xDSL equipments ✧ Phone set and fax machine ✧ LAN/WAN and VOIP cardsAgency Agency File NumberAmpere/Voltage RangeE3453931. Features2. Applications3. Agency Approval表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖Part Number Style A B C D E F leda MAX MAX Typ MIN MAX Typ Φ BDH-030 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-040 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-050 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-060 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-080 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-090 1 7.0 12.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-110 2 7.0 13.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-120 2 7.0 13.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-145 2 7.0 13.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-180 1 9.0 15.5 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-200 1 9.0 15.5 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-300 1 9.0 15.5 5.1 7.6 4.4 / 0.60 BDH-350 1 9.5 15.5 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.60 BDH-400 4 10.0 16.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.60 BDH-500 3 11.0 15.8 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.80 BDH-600 3 11.0 15.8 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.80 BDH-800 3 11.0 15.8 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.80 BDH-1000 3 14.0 19.1 5.1 7.6 4.4 1.5 0.80 BDH-1200 3 16.0 21.0 5.1 7.6 4.4 2.2 0.80 BDH-1500 5 14.7 26.7 5.1 7.6 4.4 2.2 0.80 BDH-2000 521.025.010.27.64.42.20.804. SizeFig 5表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖Part Number Vmax Imax Ihold Itrip Pdmax Max Time Tirp Resistance (V) (A) (A) (A) (W) (A) (s) Rmin(Ω) R1max(Ω) BDH-030 250/265 3 0.03 0.06 1.0 0.15 10.0 40.00 135.00 BDH-040 250/265 3 0.04 0.08 1.0 0.20 10.0 33.00 97.50 BDH-050 250/265 3 0.05 0.10 1.0 0.75 10.0 24.00 90.00 BDH-060 250/265 3 0.06 0.12 1.0 0.30 10.0 22.00 48.00 BDH-080 250/265 3 0.08 0.16 1.0 0.40 10.0 14.00 33.00 BDH-090 250/265 3 0.09 0.18 1.0 0.45 10.0 10.00 30.00 BDH-110 250/265 3 0.11 0.22 1.0 0.55 15.0 7.00 16.50 BDH-120 250/265 3 0.12 0.24 1.0 0.60 15.0 8.00 18.00 BDH-145 250/265 3 0.145 0.29 1.0 0.725 15.0 3.50 9.75 BDH-180 250/265 3 0.18 0.50 1.0 1.00 15.0 0.80 3.00 BDH-200 250/265 3 0.20 0.40 1.5 1.00 15.0 1.50 4.80 BDH-300 250/265 3 0.30 0.60 1.5 1.50 15.0 1.00 3.75 BDH-350 250/265 3 0.35 0.70 1.5 1.75 10.0 0.80 2.25 BDH-400 250/265 3 0.40 0.80 2.5 2.00 10.0 0.75 1.65 BDH-500 250/265 5 0.50 1.00 2.5 2.50 15.0 0.50 1.20 BDH-600 250/265 5 0.60 1.20 3.0 3.00 10.0 0.50 1.13 BDH-800 250/265 5 0.80 1.60 3.5 4.00 10.0 0.45 1.05 BDH-1000 250/265 5 1.00 2.00 4.0 5.00 10.0 0.28 0.77 BDH-1200 250 10 1.20 2.40 4.2 6.00 15.0 0.17 0.42 BDH-1500 250 10 1.50 3.00 5.0 7.50 25.0 0.13 0.375 BDH-2000 250102.004.005.010.025.00.120.285✧ IH = Hold current: maximum current device will pass without tripping in 25℃ still air. ✧ IT = Trip current: minimum current at which the device will trip in 25℃ still air. ✧ VMAX = Maximum voltage device can withstand without damage at rated current. ✧ IMAX = Maximum fault current device can withstand without damage at rated voltage. ✧ RMAX = Maximum resistance of device in initial (un-soldered) state. ✧ RMIN = Minimum resistance of device in initial (un-soldered) state.✧ Pd typ. = Typical power dissipation from device when in the tripped state at 25℃ still air.5. Electrical Characteristics6. Parameter interpretation表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖 ✧ Determine the following operating parameters for the circuits:● Normal operating current (Ihold) ● Maximum interrupt current (Imax) ● Maximum circuit voltage (Vmax)●Normal operating temperature surrounding device (min ℃/max ℃)✧ Select the device from factor and dimension suitable for the application✧ Compare the maximum rating for Vmax and Imax of the PPTC device with the circuit in application andmake sure the circuit’s requirement does not exceed the device rating. ✧ Check that PPTC device’s trip time (time -to-trip) will protect the circuit.✧ Verify that the circuit operating temperature is within the PPTC device’s normal operating temperaturerange. ✧ Verify that performance and suitability of the chosen PPTC device in the application.✧ Mechanical Stress●PPTC devices will undergo a thermal expansion during fault condition. If PPTC devices are installed or placed in an application where the space between PPTC devices and the surrounding materials (e.g., covering materials, packaging materials, encapsulate materials and the like) is insufficient, it will cause an inhibiting effect upon the thermal expansion. Pressing, twisting, bending and other kinds of mechanical stress will also adversely affect the performance of the PPTC devices, and shall not be used or applied.✧ Chemical Pollutants●Silicone-based oils, oils, solvents, gels, electrolytes, fuels, acids, and the like will adversely affect the properties of PPTC devices, and shall not be used or applied.✧ Electronic and Thermal Effect●PPTC devices are secondary protection devices and are used solely for sporadic, accidental over-current or over-temperature error condition, and shall NOT be used if or when constant or repeated fault conditions (such fault conditions may be caused by, among others, incorrect pin-connection of a connector) or over-extensive trip events may occur. ●PPTC devices are different from fuses and, when a fault condition occurs, will go into high-resistance state and do not open circuit, in which case the voltage at such PPTC devices may reach a hazardous level. ●Operation over the maximum rating or other forms of improper use may cause failure, arcing, flame and/or other damage to the PPTC devices. ● Conductive material contamination, such as metal particle, may induce shortage, flame or arcing.●Due to the inductance, the operation circuits may generate a circuit voltage (Ldi/dt) above the rated voltage of PPTC devices, which shall not be used under such circumstances.✧ General●Customers shall evaluate and test the properties of PPTC devices independently to verify and ensure that their individual applications will be met. ●The performance of PPTC devices will be adversely affected if they are improperly used under electronic, thermal7. Polymeric PTC selecting guide8. Warning表格编号:RD-37 版次:A/0 日期:2020.03.01东莞市贝特电子科技股份有限公司 Dongguan Better Electronics Technology Co.,Ltd. 广东•东莞•松山湖 and/or mechanical procedures and/or conditions non-conformant to those recommended by manufacturer. ●Customers shall be responsible for determining whether it is necessary to have back-up, failsafe and/or fool-proof protection to avoid or minimize damage that may result from extra-ordinary, irregular function or failure of PPTC devices. ●Any and all responsibilities and liabilities are disclaimed if any item under this notice of warning is not complied with.✧ Storage Temperature: -10℃~+40℃ ✧ Relative Humidity: ≤80%RH✧ Keep away from corrosive atmosphere and sunlight. ✧ Period of Storage: 1 year.9. Thermal derating curve10. Typical time-to-trip at 25℃±2℃11. Storage recommendations。
黑龙江省政府电子政务项目电子签章解决方案
黑龙江省政府电子政务项目电子签章解决方案北京安证通信息技术有限公司目录1全流程无纸化办公技术方案 (3)1.1项目背景 (3)1.2建设目标 (4)1.3建设内容 (4)2系统总体架构设计 (7)2.1设计依据 (7)2.2设计原则 (8)2.3总体设计 (9)3系统功能实现 (12)3.1政府部门电子政务全流程无纸化平台管理端功能 (13)3.2电子签章客户端功能 (16)3.3安全性设计 (18)4电子签章集成接口设计 (21)4.1签章接口 (21)5政府部门行业客户 (23)1全流程无纸化办公技术方案1.1项目背景随着经济全球化和因特网的快速发展,电子信息技术日益参透到社会生活的各个方面,深刻地改变着我们的工作方式与生活方式,同时也给传统的管理模式带来一场革命。
也是政府部门在信息化建设中的重要组成部分,从而倍受人们的重视。
运用计算机、网络和通信等现代信息技术手段,实现政府组织结构和工作流程的优化重组,超越时间、空间和部门分隔的限制,建成一个精简、高效、廉洁、公平的政府运作模式,以便全方位地向社会提供优质、规范、透明、符合国际水准的管理与服务。
在政府内部,各级领导可以在网上及时了解、指导和监督各部门的工作,并向各部门做出各项指示。
这将带来办公模式与行政观念上的一次革命。
在政府内部,各部门之间可以通过网络实现信息资源的共建共享联系,既提高办事效率、质量和标准,又节省政府开支、起到反腐倡廉作用。
政府作为国家管理部门,其本身上网开展电子政务,有助于政府管理的现代化,实现政府办公电子化、自动化、网络化。
通过互联网这种快捷、廉价的通信手段,政府可以让公众迅速了解政府机构的组成、职能和办事章程,以及各项政策法规,增加办事执法的透明度,并自觉接受公众的监督。
在电子政务中,政府机关的各种数据、文件、档案、社会经济数据都以数字形式存贮于网络服务器中,可通过计算机检索机制快速查询、即用即调。
随着计算机应用系统的快速发展,人们的办公方式趋于现代化,网上公文流转数量的日趋增加,那么如何保证网上公文的安全性、有效性成为网上办公发展的关键所在。
易飞教程---采购管理子系统(9.0)
供应商评估
供应商评级、供应商ABC分析表
批处理
重新计算采购已交量、 更新供应商月统计信息、结束采购单
系统架构-系统主作业程序
基本信息规划 信息创建与核对 期初余额导入 采购人员、供应商、单据性质 基本信息列表 未结案采购单、品号供应商信息输入 录入请购单 日常交易登录 录入采购单 请购单凭证 采购单凭证
6.自动审核: 单据凭证输入完成后,是否马上进行库存账
更新(库存的增减)或者确认单据生效性.
单据如果输入完成还须其他人审查核准后,
才可更新库存的,应设为【N】
审核 = 凭证核准 ﹦交易时点
设置单据性质字段说明
7.自动打印: 凭证每输完一张是否马上打印出来。多人或多 机共用打印机时应设置为批次打印。 8.更新核价: 针对料件供应商交易单据,如采购单进货单 及料件供应商交易单的性质单别才有效用。
3 4 5 6 7
日常交易作业程序
采购日常报表 批次与查询作业
三、基本信息的创建
1、前序作业
2、采购管理系统基础信息创建
(一)前序作业
1. 录入工厂信息
2. 录入仓库信息
3. 录入部门信息 4. 录入币种汇率 5. 设置编码原则 6. 录入职务类别
7. 录入交易对象分类
8. 录入页脚/签核 9. 录入程序页脚/签核
录入部门信息
有效状况变更
以公司的组织架构赋予部门编号,作为资料区分以及费用 归属的依据
录入币种汇率
可以设置不同的币种对应的单价、金额取位设置外币的汇率
设置编码原则
在此选择供应商,设置 供应商的编码原则
录入付款条件
目的: 自动推算供应商的预计付款日及资金实现日 在录入供应商信息、录入采购单、录入进货单及 录入采购发票中,可开窗带入付款条件
BJCA电子签章系统使用手册
一
1.
BJCA OFFICE电子签章软件安装成功后,启动微软的word程序后,在word的工具栏中会发现一个电子签章工具栏:
该工具栏有两个按钮,分别完成如下两个功能:
插入样章:该功能将在当前文档中插入一个样章,通过样章上的右键菜单可以执行签章操作,具体操作请参见以下内容。
关于:点击该按钮,显示版本信息:
如果文档没有文字内容,则会出现以下提示:
步骤七:用户在输入正确的密码之后,系统开始签章操作。签章操作成功会弹出提示对话框,提示框和签章显示效果分别如下列图所示:
给文档签章操作已经成功完成,保存文档。将该文档发送给已安装过签章软件的其它用户,用户打开该文档将能够验证文档是否在签章后又被修改过。
如果签章完成后再继续修改文档或者未保存文档,此时关闭该word文档时会出现以下提示:
2. word
文档签章过程,是利用电子签章对文档数据用数字证书进行签名的过程,并在文档中可视化签章的过程,其能够保证文档的安全性。
请认真阅读以下步骤,并严格按步骤操作:
步骤一:进行正常的word文档编写;
步骤二:点击电子签章工具栏上的插入样章图标按钮,软件将在当前打开的Word文档的末尾位置插入一个原始样章,见下图:
BJCA OFFICE电子签章系统的使用手册包括:Microsoft word签章和Microsoft excel签章的使用流程及方法。
BJCA OFFICE电子签章系统软件分为完整版和验证版两种版本,验证版本软件只能进行文档的签章验证,完整版软件即可以验证签章,也可以对文档进行签章。
一
word电子签章目前版本只支持Microsoft公司Office办公软件中的word软件,本签章能够对Microsoft word电子文档的多种数据进行电子签章,文档数据可以为字母,汉字,图片信息以及各种表格信息。其主要功能包括:
YONYOU NC 6.5安装指南
Windows 2008 R2 Server、Windows 7 操作系统上运行 NC 时,需要确保安装正确的网卡驱动,并在 cmd 下运行以 下命令: netsh interface tcp set global autotuninglevel=disable
基于网络速度和安全考虑,用户可以选择手动安装 NC 客户端插件。在 nchome/webapps/nc_web/Client 目录下有 JRE 独立安装程 序。选择此种安装方式时,不需要修改 IE 的"下载 ActiveX"安全设置。
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YONYOU NC 6.5 安装指南
2.3 数据库支持状况
数据库类型
Windows
Linux
Sun Solaris
IBM AIX
SQL Server 2012 R2 Enterprise Edition
Y
N
N
N
ORACLE Enterprise/Standard Edition 11.2.0.4.0
客户端 jre
Jre1.7.0_51 或 Uclient 自带的 jre
注意:
• • •
本版客户端 jre 仅支持 jre1.7.0_51,若客户端未安装 jre1.7.0_51,则第一次登陆服务器时系统会自动下载 jre,本版插件内嵌的 JRE 的版本是 SUN Jre1.7.0 update 51。 IE 的相关设置要求:若客户端启动了 IE 的“增强的安全配置” ,则必须将 NC 应用服务器地址加入浏览器“受信任站点” ,并将浏览器 受信任站点的安全设置为"自定义级别",启用下载和运行 ActiveX。安装完 jre 后,用户可以将下载 ActiveX 安全设置为禁用。
Topaz Systems Inc. 电子签名系统指南说明书
Electronic Signature SystemsA Guide for IT PersonnelCopyright © Topaz Systems Inc. All rights reserved.Table of ContentsUnderstanding Technology, Methods, & Authentication (3)What is an electronic signature, and how can I be sure my system is legally-binding? (3)Why to avoid PIN/password signatures (4)Why to avoid mouse-drawn signatures (4)Using handwritten electronic signatures (4)Signature Security (5)Signature Authentication (5)Understanding biometrics and authentication (6)Conclusions (7)Understanding Technology, Methods, & Authentication As businesses continue to replace paper documents, contracts, and forms with more efficient and cost -effective electronic substitutes, electronic signature technology becomes an increasingly important investment. The cost and time savings of doing business electronically are evident across many sectors and industries, yet many companies are still choosing which technology or method is best suited to their needs. Creating, signing, transmitting, and storing any and all documents electronically and in such a way as to be legally-binding can seem like a daunting task, especially for small to medium-sized businesses. This article seeks to shed some light on the electronic signature solutions available and how to choose a technology that is best able to provide your business with the cost and time savings you’re seeking. What is an electronic signature, and how can I be sure my system is legally-binding? In the United States, electronic signatures are covered under the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) and Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce (ESIGN) law. Passed by the US Congress in 1999 and 2000, respectively, these two laws serve as the framework for electronic commerce implementation in the United States, as most state-level E-commerce laws are identical to UETA or a slightly altered version. These laws specify exactly what constitutes a valid electronic signature, as well as the conditions under which it is legally binding. An electronic signature is a “sound, symbol, or process, logically associated with a document” such that it is: 1. Unique to each user 2. Under the sole control of the signer 3. Linked to a document in such a way as to prevent tampering, and 4. Capable of being authenticated Several different methods and technologies exist for attaching “electronic signatures” to documents according to these stipulations. Two common types of signature technology that are widely available yet differ greatly in substance are PIN/Password signature stamps and digitized handwritten signatures. A PIN/Password stamp inserts a single fixed signature image into each signed document when a user types a password or PIN. Digitized handwritten signatures are captured with special pen-and-tablet systems that convert a user’s signature accurately into pen ev ents or a summary image. These methods have different ramifications for security and authentication. An electronicsignature must beunique to eachsigner, under theirsole control,capable ofauthentication, andlinked to thedocument toprevent tampering.Why to avoid PIN/password signatures While companies that provide PIN signature stamps may claim that their technology is legally-compliant because it qualifies as an “electronic sound, symbol, or process,” it falls far short of the holistic requirements enumerated above. As a practical point, each and every one of these “signatures” is identical in form and comp osition, as if they were made with a single rubber stamp. The appearance of the signature on a document is not a record of a person’s signature, but rather a result of a particular password being typed. A forensic examiner that views the signature image cannot determine its point of origin since any person could have typed the PIN or password. As such, PIN signature stamps fall short of the authentication requirements of criterion (4) listed above. Should a password become compromised, each and every document a person had ever signed with the PIN method would be questionable, since each signature appears identical and it cannot be proven which are authentic and which are fraudulent. For these reasons, businesses are advised to invest in an electronic signature technology that creates a unique electronic record for each signing instance, and not to rely on a “rubber stamp” technology. PKI digital signatures and certificates are simply a more complex version of “rubber stamp” technology, except that a larger (of ten 128-bit) encryption number is used, meaning it is too large to be remembered and typed. Portability is also limited because the key is permanently linked to a host computer, or a “secure” smart card which can be lost, stolen, or hacked. Why to avoid mouse-drawn signatures Signatures drawn with a mouse are generally not considered legally valid because they cannot be authenticated, which is a requirement of all eSign laws. There are several reasons that mouse signatures cannot be authenticated, including that they are not repeatable for the same signer, they are not captured accurately from a biometric perspective, and there are no mouse-captured exemplars with which any document examiner could make a comparison. In addition, mouse data is available to any application running on the PC, and therefore mouse signatures are not secure. Using handwritten electronic signatures A better choice for electronic commerce, especially with interactions involving the general public, are handwritten signature devices and software. While the use of any pen-and-tablet signature technology may seem to be the logical replacement for traditional “wet” ink -on-paper signatures, there are several issues to consider when choosing a system for your business. Signature capture hardware manufacturers have their own specifications, data formats, and software methodologies that affect security, authentication, and legality. Signatures createdby typing a PIN orpassword areidentical in eachdocument, makingfraud detectiondifficult. Signaturesdrawn with a mousecannot beauthenticated arenot secure.Signature Security For the sake of privacy and legal enforceability, an electronic signature must remain under the “sole control of the signer” to be valid under the national ESIGN electronic commerce law. To satisfy this requirement, a signature must be placed or linked into the relevant document directly, with no interlopers or copies, and then bound to the document in such a way as to render document tampering detectable. Without these critical features, it would not be possible to prove that a signatory did indeed assent to the terms of the written agreement, or that the language in the document was identical in form to the state in which it was initially signed. There is no substitute for an effective security policy which prevents viruses, worms, and data sniffers from residing on a client or server computer. Encryption gimmicks in a signature pad connected to a PC provide a false sense of security if a rogue program or keyboard, printer, screen, memory, or USB data sniffer is also on the PC. Matters can be made worse if overly powerful and unnecessary processors and operating systems are employed in electronic signature devices, due to latent bugs and viruses or internal data storage and encryption. These techniques further jeopardize and remove security monitoring and update capability from the hands of IT personnel. On the other hand, there is value in monitoring and evaluating the integrity of data received from a signature pad, such as the point sampling rate, and detection of unusual time-related activity in signing which may indicate an attempt to trace or forge a signature (slow-signing effect). This capability is described further in US Patent 6,307,955. Document security and signature binding are also important. If the signature is not linked to the contents of the written agreement, it has no real value since there would be no evidence of tampering or changes made to the terms post-signing. In the paper-based universe, forensic examiners can perform a series of sophisticated test using infrared, ultraviolet, and microscopic inspection to determine whether ink has been added or subtracted. In the electronic realm, this is accomplished using a cryptographic hash and binding system, rendering a signature essentially “lost” if the contents of the agreement are changed. Signature Authentication An important characteristic of ink-on-paper signatures is that they can be individually studied and analyzed by forensic handwriting experts, then compared to other existing samples for authentication. Perhaps the most significant challenge to the validity of an electronic signature is the issue of authentication, since few technology providers support their technology with verification tools. If a signature cannot be attributed to the purported signatory, it is worthless. Electronic signatures are no exception to this, and must be capable of authentication to be valid and binding. Insist that a technology provider have authentication tools and training in-place before selecting their solution. There is nosubstitute for effective computer security. Encryption gimmicks in a signature padconnected a PC provide only a false sense of security ifa rogue program or keyboard, printer,screen, memory, or usb data sniffer isalso on the PC.There is nosubstitute foreffective computersecurity. Encryption gimmicks in a signature padconnected a PCprovide only a false sense of security ifa rogue program or keyboard, printer,screen, memory, orUSB data sniffer is also on the PC.Systems that embed a signature image into an electronic document (whether via PIN or biometric input) have less legal weight than faxed or photocopied signatures. Like “rubber -stamp” s ignatures, the object representing the signature is a superficial representation with no data linking the image to a biometric performance, and unlike a fax transaction, there is no 3rd-party record of the transmission. A bitmap, tif, or jpeg image is not useful to a forensic examiner as it provides no detailed characteristics for analysis as is provided with original pen data. The most accurate, reliable, and secure method of capturing a signature is in the form of raw pen events. A file of this type contains no images or analysis of the signature, just the pen events and position converted at high speed. This data has the additional advantage of being stored in a database or bound to the contents of a document very securely since it does not exist as a common image file format. It cannot be easily copied or viewed and used as a reference for forgers since there is no embedded image. Furthermore, since all original captured pen events are present in the e-signature itself, a forensic expert can later examine it point-by-point using specialized signature analysis software, if available. Understanding biometrics and authentication Another issue to consider with handwritten digitized signatures is the type of biometric data, if any, which is captured and stored in the signature file. Beware of pen pressure measurement. Pressure is an unreliable biometric measurement because of the high degree of uncertainty inherent from one signing instance to another. The level of pressure a signature pad senses for a single person will vary based on height and orientation of the signatory to the sensor, the person’s mood, time of d ay, pad angle, pen/stylus size, software calibration, sensor age and wear, etc. As a result, a pressure-oriented primary biometric is susceptible to unnaturally high false-negative responses when automated or independent validation is attempted. In other words, when pressure is used to determine signature validity, it is far more likely to be a cause for rejection than for authentication, even if the signatures were created by the same user. Drastic variance makes signatures difficult to authenticate, even if they are valid. Be sure that the technology provider offers software for signature authentication or signed records will not have an enforcement mechanism should legal challenge arise. Several software providers offer automated template-based validation, but this technique is often not a viable option for post-signature back-end authentication. Examiners cannot independently verify the signature. It also requires each user to offer enough signatures to create a sample template, which is unwieldy, especially in a one-time customer interaction in a bank, pharmacy, or mortgage lender’s office. While automated validation software has many useful applications, be sure to choose a technology which is supported by independent forensic authentication tools. Many technology providers promise true biometric signatures, but lack the authentication tools to make their signature data forensically significant. Signatures saved asimages are lesssecure and harderto authenticate thansignatures saved asoriginal raw pendata.ConclusionsIn general, when deciding which electronic signature system best suits the needs of your business, use traditional paper-based practices as a gold standard. If a specific technology mimics or matches these practices closely, it is probably a safe and reliable choice. The more technical shortcuts a system employs, such as creating multiple signatures with one stroke of a pen or keypad, or saving flat images in place of real, forensic-quality signatures, the more likely the system is to encounter difficulties and fraud in practice. With old ink-on-paper characteristics as your guide, your electronic document solution should be a signature success.。
