纺织专业英语

Dyeing methods
Fiber
dyeing Yarn dyeing: package dyeing and bundle (hank) dyeing Fabric dyeing
Fabric dyeing
Piece dyeing Piece dyeing is that color fabrics are dyed after the fabric has been constructed,which is the earliest and cheapest method of adding color. Union dyeing In union dyeing a fabric containing two or more different generic fiber types or fiber variants of one generic type is dyed a single uniform color.
Methods of finish
轧光 Schreiner 电光 Embossing 轧纹 Sueding 磨毛 Gigging ( napping) 起绒 Flocking 植绒
Calender
setting 热定型整理 Antistatic finishes 抗静电整理 Anti-pilling finishes 抗起球整理 Durable press finishes 耐久压烫整理 Flame retardant finishes 阻燃整理 Soil/stain-resistant or soil-release finishes 防污、易去污整理 Waterproof and water-repellent finishes 防水拒水整理 Antimicrobial finishes 防微生物整理
Singeing
removes protruding ends of fibers in order to produce a clear, smooth, uniform surface.
Desizals applied before fabric construction, especially during weaving. Desizing immediately follows singeing in most in-stances, as it prevents possible latent damage to fabric that might occur from singeing flames or heated plates.
Dyeing
Color is a applied textile materials in the form of dyestuffs which can be used in two basic forms of process: dyeing process and printing process. Some dyestuffs attach themselves to the surface of a fiber, some are absorbed into the fiber with no actual chemical reaction between fiber and dye, and some react chemically with the fiber molecule to form a strong bond.

Color fastness of dyes
Dyestuffs
are evaluated in term of their color fastness to a variety of environmental situation. The common color fastness are laundering fastness, sunlight fastness,crocking fastness, perspiration fastness,. etc.

Cross dyeing In cross dyeing fabric containing two or more fiber types or fiber variants is dyed so that each fiber type or variants accepts a different type of dyestuff and becomes a different color. Product dyeing It is possible to make a complete end-use textile and then dye it,such as garment dye.
Mercerization
Mercerization is a chemical finish applied to cellulose fibers, especially cotton.It adds luster to fabric, improves dyeing characteristics, and increases strength.
Heat

Bleaching
Fabric,
yarn, or fibers can be bleached to prepare them for dyeing or printing or to make them white, Bleaching is a chemical finish; scouring is much like any washing process, Scouring and bleaching procedures vary depending on the fiber or fibers involved. There are three methods of bleaching: chlorine bleach, oxygen bleach and chlorite bleaching.
Dyeing & Finishing
第一节 概述 (General Description)
前处理:
退浆(Desizing) 煮练(Scouring) 漂白(Bleaching)
染整:
染色(印花)(Dyeing and Printing Process) 后整理(Finishing)
Singeing 烧毛
Finish
Finishes
may be added to fabric to alter appearance,hand,or performance. Some of the processes are necessary part of creating specific fabrics. Others are added to creat aesthetic interest. And some are designed to modify the performance or function of a fabric in end use.
Scouring
Scouring is to remove foreign matter that may be present. The foreign matter that may be involved includes natural waxes, dirt ,processing oils, and the sizing chemicals that might not have been removed during the desizing process.
Method of printing
Direct
printing Resist printing 防染印花 (tie-dye扎染, batik蜡染) Discharge printing 拔染印花 Stencil printing 刻板印花 Screen printing 筛网印花 Transfer printing 转移印花
Types of dyes
Disperse
dyes Direct dyes Vat dyes Reactive dyes Sulfur dyes Acid dyes Cationic dyes
Printing
Printed
fabric are defined as fabrics that have been decorated by patterns, or design applied to the surface of the fabric after it has already been constructed.