2018年4月自考00015英语(二)真题(附答案解析)
2018 年 4 月自考 00015 英语（二）真题
2018 年4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命
题考试英语（二）
第一部分：阅读判断（第 1?10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）
下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Life on the Farm
Life on a farm is always changing. New technologies and a rising interest in healthier and organic eating have had a huge impact on how farms do business. At the same time, a growing population has put more demands on farmers. They need to find ways to increase their production levels. The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms. Small family farms that are still operating are struggling to keep up.
Technology has made most aspects of farm life easier than it has ever been before. Bigger and more efficient equipment makes work such as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier. Such tasks used to take two or three times as long. These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever before. In addition to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming would require.
Modern farm life，despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always been. Farmers still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work. There are still animals to feed，cows to be milked, and fields to be plowed. Farm life still requires a lot of hard work and sacrifice.
The main change in modern farm life is in the way farms are run. It is common for even small farms to have several hired workers and even an animal manager. Family-run farms are becoming rarer. Factory farms, with other larger farm corporations, are becoming the norm. Although there are still many traditional family farms, they are quickly dying as modern practices change farm life forever.
1.Factory farms now produce most of the
products. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：工厂农场现在生产大部分的产品。定位到文中第一段的第五句，“The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory
farms.”，过去大部分生产的商品的小家庭式农场大量地被工厂式农场所取代。题目与原文意思相符，故选A。
2.Farmers prefer to grow healthy and
organic food. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题干大意：农民喜欢种植健康和有机食品。定位到文中第一段的第二句，“New technologies and a rising interest in healthier and organic eating have had a huge impact on how
farms do business.”，新技术和对健康和有机饮食的兴趣越来越大，对农场的经营方式产生了巨大的影响。原文中没有提及农场主更喜欢种植健康且有机的食物，故选C。
3.Small family farms find it hard to
survive. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：小家庭式农场很难生存。定位到文中第一段的第五、六句，“The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms. Small family farms that are still operating are struggling to keep up.”，过去大部分生产的
商品的小家庭式农场大量地被工厂式农场所取代。小家庭式农场在挣扎中经营。由此可知，
小家庭式农场现在很难生存。故选A。
4.Plowing and sowing by machines are advances in modern
farming. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：机器耕种和播种是现代农业的进步。定位到文中第二段的第二、四句，“Bigger and more efficient equipment makes work such as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier.” “These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever
before.”，更大和更高效的设备使得耕耘种子和播种种子更容易。这些进步使农民比以往任何时候都工作得更快更有效率。由此可知，题目与原文意思相符，故选 A。
5.Modern farm products cost more than those from traditional
farming. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：现代农产品比传统农业生产成本高。定位到文中第二段的第五句，“In addi tion to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming would require.”，除了更新的技术之外，工厂农场生产的产品比传统农业所需的费用要少。题目与原文意思不相符，故选 B。
6.Most farmers cannot afford new
machines. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题干大意：大部分农场主支付不起新设备的费用。通读文章，没有提及与之相关信息，故选C。
7.Modern farmers do not have to work hard.
A.True
B．False
C．Not
Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：现代农场主不需要努力工作。定位到文中第三段的第一、二句，“Modern farm life，despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has
always been. Farmers still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work.”，现代农业生活，尽管引进了新技术，但并没有发生太多变化。农民们仍然醒得很早，每天都在努力工作。由此可知，题目与原文意思不相符，故选B。
8.New technologies have not changed farm
management. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】B
【解析】题干大意：新技术没有改变农场的管理。定位到文中第三段的第一句，“Moder n farm life，despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always been.” 现代农业生活，尽管引进了新技术，但并没有发生太多变化。由此可知，虽然没有发生太大改变，但依旧还是有所改变，题目与原文意思不相符，故选B。
9.There are fewer and fewer family-run
farms now. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】A
【解析】题干大意：现在越来越少的家庭式农场经营。定位到文中第四段的第三句，
“Family-run farms are becoming rarer.”家庭式农场经营开始变得越来越少。题目与原文意思相符，故选A。
10.Modern farms are hiring workers from
cities. A．True
B.False
C.Not Given
【答案】C
【解析】题干大意：现代农场从城市中雇佣工人。通读文章，没有提及与之相关信息，故选
C。
第二部分：阅读选择（第 11?15 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4 个选项（A、B、C、D)中选出1 个最
佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Christmas Gift
Mary didn’t know what to send to her grandparents for Christmas. It was always hard to choose a good Christmas present for them. They didn't need much, and it was hard for her to be creative every year.
One year, she sent them a big wooden elephant. It sat on the counter for a year, but then it disappeared, probably into a closet somewhere. Another year, she made handmade soaps with nice smells, but they probably weren’t any better than store-bought soaps. Last year, she sent lots of nice pictures of herself in frames, but grandparents’ house was small, and they couldn’t hang up very many.
This year, she decided on fruit. She lived where it was warm and there was lots of nice fruit. Her grandparents lived up north, where it was colder and they couldn’t get fresh fruit all year, or at least not oranges and grapefruit. Fresh fruit was healthy for her grandparents, too.
Mary went to a fruit store and sampled the red oranges. She really liked them and bought a kilogram. Then she tried three kinds of grapefruit. The white ones were sour. The star grapefruit were interesting, but the dark red grapefruit were great. So she got a kilogram.
Mary carefully packed the fruit in a box to keep them safe and dry in case one got smashed and its juice got everywhere. Then she wrote the address on the box and mailed it from the store. She felt happy with what she bought.
A few days later, Mary got a phone call from her grandparents, thanking her for the lovely fruit. They said it was a healthy，tasty, and very thoughtful gift. Mary had never felt so good before. 11.Mary was troubled because she .
A.had no idea for a holiday gift
B.was not creative in her work
C.could not afford Christmas gifts
D.found her grandma hard to please
【答案】A
【解析】事实细节题。
定位到文中第一段的第一至三句，“Mary didn’t know what to send to her grandparents for Christmas. It was always hard to choose a good Christmas present for them. They didn't need much, and it was hard for her to be creative every yea r.”，玛丽不知道圣诞节送什么礼物给她的祖父母。给他们选择一个好的圣诞礼物对她来说很难。他们不需要太多，但对Mary 来说每年都创新地选择礼物对她来说太难了。故选A。
12.What did Mary send her grandparents last year?
A． A wooden elephant.
B．Handmade soaps.
C．Her own pictures.
D．A store-bought closet.
【答案】C
【解析】定位到文中第二段的第三句，“Last year, she sent lots of nice pictures of herself in frames, but grandparents’ house was small, and they couldn’t hang up very many.”，去年，她送了很多她自己十分漂亮的带画框的照片给他们，但是祖父母的房子很小，他们挂不上很多。故选C。
13.In selecting the gifts, Mary was . A．excited
B.impatient
C.exhausted
D.thoughtful
【答案】D
【解析】定位到文中第三段，今年，她决定送水果。她住在温暖的地方，那里有很多好吃的水果。她的祖父母住在北方，那里比较冷，他们一年不能得到新鲜水果，至少没有桔子和葡萄柚。新鲜的水果对她的祖父母也是健康的。由此可知，Mary 在选择礼物的时候是深思熟虑的，故选D。
14.Which of the following did Mary buy for her grandparents
this year? A．Yellow oranges.
B.Dark red grapefruit.
C.White grapefruit.
D.Star grapefruit.
【答案】B
【解析】定位到文中第四段的第三句，“The white ones were sour. The star grapefruit were interesting, but the dark red grapefruit were great. So she got a kilogram.” 白色的是酸的。葡萄柚也很不错，但是深红色的葡萄柚很棒。所以她买了一公斤。故选 B。
15.Mary’s grandparents .
A．loved her gift
B.sent her a card
C.wrote her a letter
D.put her gift away
【答案】A
【解析】定位到文中第六段的第一、二句，“A few days later, Mary got a phone call from her grandparents, thanking her for the lovely fruit. They said it was a healthy，tasty, and very thoughtful gift.”，几天后，Mary 接到了她的祖父母的电话，感谢她可爱的水果。他们说这是一种健康、美味、体贴的礼物。故选 A。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第 16?25 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务：（1）从第 16?20 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第①～⑤段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；（2）从第 21?25 题后所给的6 个选项中选择5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Team Work in Sports
①Teams that win in team sports are often those that work well together. Learning
to cooperate with others towards a common goal in sports is what builds character, friendship and important life skills for players.
②Working towards a common goal will keep the team firmly together. Entering into
a new season in sports, you might only know a few of the players on your team. Some of the players may be people you do not like. But when your team decides to be the winner of the season, personal differences are often set aside for the common good of the team. By the end of the season, players who have fought through the whole season may become good friends, much like brothers.
③For kids and young adults, team sports offer a way for them to get out and meet with friends. This can help them avoid spending too much time at home watching television and playing video
games. Team work teaches people how to help each other and encourage each other. It can also give players a greater respect for one another and can build friendships that last a lifetime.
④Team work in sports offers a way for people to compete for something together. It
is important to know that winning is not everything in sports and healthy competition can be good for people. Working towards a goal can teach people the value of hard work, commitment and devotion.
Team sports are a great way to learn these values.
⑤Team work in sports can help young people develop stronger communication skills. As every member must work for the same goal, they learn how to work with one another successfully.
Task 1
16.Paragraph1: .
A．The common
goal
B.Healthy competition
C.Team cooperation
D．Exercising and friendship
E．Problems between team
members
F．Building communication skills
【答案】C
【解析】该段主要描述团队合作，中心句为第一句，“Teams that win in team sports are often those th at work well together.”，在团队运动中获胜的球队往往是那些合作得很好的球队。故选C。
17.Paragraph 2: .
A．The common
goal
B.Healthy competition
C.Team cooperation
D．Exercising and friendship
E．Problems between team
members
F．Building communication skills
【答案】A
【解析】该段主要描述共同目标，中心句为该段的第一句，“Wor king towards a common goal will keep the team firmly together.”朝着共同的目标努力将使团队牢牢地团结在一起。故选 A。
18.Paragraph 3: .
A．The common
goal
B.Healthy competition
C.Team cooperation
D．Exercising and friendship
E．Problems between team
members
F．Building communication skills
【答案】D
【解析】该段主要描述锻炼和友情，中心句为该段的第一句和最后一句，“For kids and young adults, team sports offer a way for them to get out and meet with friends.”，“ It can also give players a greater respect for one another and can build friendships that last a lifetime.”，对于孩子
和年轻人来说，团队运动为他们走出去和朋友聚会提供了一种方式。它还可以给运动员更大的尊重，也可以建立一个终生的友谊。故选D。
19.Paragraph 4: .
A．The common
goal
B.Healthy competition
C.Team cooperation
D．Exercising and friendship
E．Problems between team
members
F．Building communication skills
【答案】B
【解析】该段的中心句为该段的第二句，“It is important to know that winning is not everything in sports and healthy competition can be good for people.”，知道赢不是体育的一切是重要的，健康的竞争对人有好处。故选B。
20.Paragraph 5: .
A．The common
goal
B.Healthy competition
C.Team cooperation
D．Exercising and friendship
E．Problems between team
members
F．Building communication skills
【答案】F
【解析】该段的中心句为该段的第一句，“Team work in sports can help young people develop stronger communication skills.”，团队运动可以帮助年轻人提高更强的交流技巧。故选 F。
Task 2
21.Cooperation in team sports help build .
A．set a goal
B.character
C.help each other
D.in team sports
E.your personal differences
F.hard work and devotion
【答案】B
【解析】定位到文中第一段的第二句，“Learning to cooperate with others towards a common goal in sports is what builds character, friendship and important life skills for players.”，在体育中学习与他人合作是一个共同的目标，它可以培养运动员的性格、友谊和重要的生活技能。故选B。
22.When your team decides to win the season, you set aside . A．set a goal
B.character
C.help each other
D.in team sports
E.your personal differences
F.hard work and devotion
【答案】E
【解析】定位到文中第二段的第四句，“But when your team decides to be th e winner of the season, personal differences are often set aside for the common good of the team.”，但是当你的球队决定成为本赛季的胜利者时，为了球队的共同利益，个人差异常常被先放一边。故选 E。
23.In team sports, kids learn to .
A．set a goal
B.character
C.help each other
D.in team sports
E.your personal differences
F.hard work and devotion
【答案】C
【解析】定位到文中第三段的第三句，“Team work teaches people how to help each other and encourage each other.”，团队合作教人们如何互相帮助，互相鼓励。故选C。
24.In team sports people learn the value of .
A．set a goal
B.character
C.help each other
D.in team sports
E.your personal differences
F.hard work and devotion
【答案】F
【解析】定位到文中第四段的第三句，“Working towards a goal can teach people the value of hard work, commitment and devotion.”，朝着一个目标努力可以教会人们努力工作、奉献和奉献的价值。故选F。
25.A long-lasting friendship can be built
.
A．set a goal
B.character
C.help each other
D.in team sports
E.your personal differences
F.hard work and devotion
【答案】D
【解析】定位到文中第三段的第四句，“It(team sport) can also give players a greater respect for one another and can build friendships that last a lifetime.”,它(团体运动)还可以给玩家更大的尊重，也可以建立一个终生的友谊。故选D。
第四部分：填句补文（第 26～30 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）
下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Homeschooling vs School
Many kids find it hard to concentrate in school. Classmates, bells, and even cheerful decorations in school can make it hard for some children to concentrate. （26）.
In some schools, conditions are bad for children’s safety and health. （27）. Homeschooling
parents can control their children’s environment to make sure it is safe and healthy. When students sit in a classroom surrounded by classmates, under the tight control of adults, they find it very hard to function in a normal way. Homeschooling children don’t have to stay in the school.（28）. They can interact with people in familiar situations, and they feel they can interact with people as adults.
School bullying （以强欺弱）is a serious problem. （29）. Although schools are starting to deal with this problem, many kids are still afraid of going to school. Homeschooling kids can choose who they associate with and walk away from an uncomfortable situation.
Schools are cutting field trips. （30）. On the contrary, homeschooling can move outdoors, to the beach or the zoo. For homeschooling families, the whole world is a classroom. Learning takes place everywhere and it never ends.
26. .
A.Instead, they are out in the community.
B.In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions.
C.Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables.
D.Some children do not treat their classmates appropriately.
E.Many students go to class in old or poorly-designed
buildings. F．Even a short trip to the countryside is
controversial in some places.
【答案】B
【解析】由空前的一句话，“Classmates, bells, and even cheerful decorations in school can make it hard for some children to concentrate.”，同学、铃铛，甚至学校里令人愉快的装饰品都会让一些孩子难以集中注意力。可知，空格处应提与之想对应的解决方法，B 选项符合题意，在这种情况下，家庭教育提供较少的干预能起到一定作用。故选 B。
27. .
A.Instead, they are out in the community.
B.In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions.
C.Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables.
D.Some children do not treat their classmates appropriately.
E.Many students go to class in old or poorly-designed
buildings. F．Even a short trip to the countryside is
controversial in some places.
【答案】E
【解析】由空前的一句话，“In some schools, conditions are bad for children’s safety and health.”，在一些学校，他们的条件对儿童的安全和健康不利。由此可知，空格处应为描述对儿童安全和健康不利的具体条件是什么，选项E 衔接最恰当，故选 E。许多学生在旧的或设计不好的教学楼上学。
28. .
A.Instead, they are out in the community.
B.In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions.
C.Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables.
D.Some children do not treat their classmates appropriately.
E.Many students go to class in old or poorly-designed
buildings. F．Even a short trip to the countryside is
controversial in some places.
【答案】A
【解析】由空前的一句话，“Homeschooling children don’t have to stay in the school.”，家庭学校的孩子不必呆在学校里。由此可知，选项 A 衔接最恰当，相反，他们在社区里。故选A。
29. .
A.Instead, they are out in the community.
B.In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions.
C.Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables.
D.Some children do not treat their classmates appropriately.
E.Many students go to class in old or poorly-designed
buildings. F．Even a short trip to the countryside is
controversial in some places.
【答案】D
【解析】由空前的一句话，“School bullying（以强欺弱）is a serious problem.”，学校以强欺弱是一个很严重的问题，由此可知，选项D 最恰当，有些孩子不恰当地对待自己的同学。故选D。
30. .
A.Instead, they are out in the community.
B.In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions.
C.Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables.
D.Some children do not treat their classmates appropriately.
E.Many students go to class in old or poorly-designed
buildings. F．Even a short trip to the countryside is
controversial in some places.
【答案】F
【解析】由空前的一句话，“Schools are cutting field trips.”，学校正在削减实地校外参观学习的活动。由此可知，选项F 衔接最恰当，即使是短途郊游在一些地方也是也是有争议的。故选 F。
第五部分：填词补文（第 31～40 题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
下面的短文有 10 处空白，短文后列出 12 个词，其中 10 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Planting Potatoes
When I was a boy we had several gardens around our old house. The largest one of
all was used just for growing potatoes.
I can still remember those potato planting days. All the family （31）helped. After my Dad had （32） the soil, my Mom, brothers, and I went to work. It was my （33） to drop
英语二(00015)2018年04月试题与答案
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