机车车辆滚动振动试验台及控制系统设计

1.2国内机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况
由西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室研制的机车车辆整车滚动振动试 验台，是目前世界上仅有的两台实现左右滚轮分别独立激振的滚动和振动想结合 实验台之一。采用先进滚动以及振动相结合的试验台的设计方案，并完成很大难 度难度的垂向、横向和滚动三维于一体的运动的精确藕合。因为只有将滚动和振 动相结合起来，这个试验台才能够动态的模拟机车车辆运行线路的情况，直接帮 助了我国机车车辆研究开发能力。滚动振动试验台实际上就是列车的线路模拟 器，通过试验台建立起真尺寸全参数，可以模拟机车车辆线路运行情况的动态氛 围，可以用来当作铁路高速、重载机车车辆研制的有效工具盒进行与轮轨振动接 触力学所相关的最基础探究的方法，实现让我国机车车辆探究开发水平进入国际 领先行列和在轮轨理论研究上取得全世界突破性进展的效果。2007年，机车车辆 整车滚动振动试验台，牵引动力国家重点实验室的机车车辆整车滚动振动试验台 是中国自主开发的大型实验台。
3 计算说明­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­5
3.1 电动机的选择­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­5 3.2 计算传动装置的运动和动力参数­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­6 3.3 传动部分的设计计算­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­15
5 结论­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­37
参考文献­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­38
关键词：机车车辆，试验台，可编辑逻辑控制器
机车车辆滚动试验台及控制系统设计
ABSTRACT
The design is called the precise survey of rail vehicle roller,compared with cicuit running test,vehicle simulation test proved has the following advantages:(1) can besimultaneously a number of performance test,short cycle,low cost; (2) can shorten the locomotive vehicle development time,saving research funding; (3) has a good reproducibility,without the influence of climatic conditions; (4) can elimate various kinds of interference,the univariate analysis; (5) can be carried out in line for testing,such as high­speed operation,hunting instability,various people in extreme conditions(such as a small ashock absorber) running test;the detection is convenient,and can be detected in the line operation can not be detected the operation signal as a car body vibration of absolute displacemeng. (6) the detection is convenient,and can be detected in the line operation can net detect the operation signal,such as a car body vibration of absolute displacemeng.Test rig for roller rolling and vibration combined,in the simulation of locomotive vehicle forward (rolling) and input from the track irregularity excitation (vibration).This test bench using vibration simulation track.Through the hydraulic cylinder test bed roller vibrating up and down through the hydraulic cylinder,as well as X and Y axis of the crank arm to achieve wheel moving around,so as to meet the requirements on the test ing programmable logic controller is programmed,the experimeng needs only DA module position are determined,corresponding to the register address witing a value,DAmodule can output analog voltage,rnter a different value of vibration of the motor is different.Therefore,to meet the different road simulation test,the ultimate aim of locomotive vehicle is on unven road safety driving.
致谢­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­39
机车车辆滚动试验台及控制系统设计
1 绪论
机车车辆动态模拟试验台（dynamic simulation test rig of railway vehicles）机车车辆动态模拟是利用特殊的试验台进行的，目的是要把机车车辆 在线路上的运行状态搬到室内进行再现模拟。
4 控制系统设计­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­21
4.1 控制要求­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­21 4.2 设计方案­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­21 4.3 DAC0832 引脚功能电路应用原理­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­24
1.1国外机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况
国外机车车辆滚动振动试验台应用较多，发展也很快。目前主要用于铁轨、 轻轨、机车车辆的实验，它可按照事先指定的程序来完成规定的模拟。国外机车 车辆滚动振动试验台的趋势是制造更方便、更廉价的试验台。1996 年美国科罗 拉州普韦布洛简历的运输实验中心，其主要工程是轮轨动力学实验室。
1.1 国外机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­1 1.2 国内机车车辆滚动振动试验台的应用情况­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­1 1.3 机车车辆滚动振动试验台概述­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­2
机车车辆室内动态模拟试验台具有上述诸多优越性，并且试验台已被证明在 基础研究和发展创新的悬挂系统及车辆结构方面十分有用，近几十年，通过机车 车辆实验台实验来探究车辆的动力学、并且告知机车车辆已经非常普遍。我国在 西南交通大学建造了牵引动力国家重点实验室，并且能够独立研究机车车辆整车 滚动振动实验台。此实验台建造于 1994 年，1995 年开始实行运行，我国铁路提 速机车车辆开发中起到了非常重要的作用。为了更深层次的满足 6 轴机车的实 验，对这个实验台进行了技术的改进和 4 轴扩建成 6 轴的改进，并在 2002 年改 善成功，2003 开始年实行运行。改造出来的实验台，不仅仅能满足 6 轴机车的 实验要求，并且增加了米轨车试验功能、曲线模拟功能和轮轨力测试功能，并预 留了滚轮摇头功能。
2 整体设计方案­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­3
2.1 机械部分的设计­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­3 2.2 电气关键理论­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­3 2.3 控制方式的选择­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­4