高中英语新人教版必修三Unit 3- 4语法汇总
高一必修3-4册教材总复习-语法重点
高一必修3-4册教材总复习-语法重点1) Ing结构1u an ath the snbarding petitins n the hill verling the river （B3U1节庆）2The earth as different beause f the arrival f sall plants gring in the ater n its surfae (B3U4天)3The earth is different fr ther planets ging rund the sun (B3U4天)4There seeed t be a large irle f lights ging rund an ept spae (B3U4天)That ept hle is lie a uth alas needing t be fed (B3U4天)6The lights are large stars being sll sued int it (B3U4天)7e are sitting in a afé in ld Quebe, drining ht ffee t tr t ar up （B3U1节庆）8ne persn runs behind the sled, shuting t the dgs t enurage the （B3U1节庆）9There as Hu in aving at hi and alling, （B3U1节庆）10ang Peiei sat in his ept restaurant feeling ver frustrated （B3U2饮食）11I flated eightlessl arund in ur spaeship abin athing the earth bee saller and the n larger (B3U4天)12Finding that Zhinu as heart-bren, her ther finall deided t let the uple rss the il a t eet ne a ear （B3U1节庆）13aling dn the street, he hears sene alling hi （B3U3 百万英镑）14Flling ld phts, the r has been ade t l uh lie the ld ne (2-1古迹)1Living in peae, Haaiians have develped a lse relatinship ith nature (1-1朋友)16He as standing aiting (2-2奥运)17I as s lnel standing there alne(2-3电脑)18He fell turning ver and ver(2-3电脑)19ie ran ut f the fields ling fr plaes t hide (1-4地震)20He rte a ne ditinar, giving Aerian English its n identit (1-2英语)21ae a list f hat u see, nl eeping thse details(1-3游记)22The ther side desn’t agree, saing, “N, e shuld nt save ultural relis ” (2-1古迹)23Birds sing heerfull in the frest, alling ut the naes fr lng ag (1-3游记)24ne I stp, it all es rding in and I reeber the hips in labratries （B4U1妇女）2She as ver bus in her hsen areer traveling abrad t stud and riting bs and artiles （B4U1妇女）26It as a sall b explaining h t ut the death rate fr having and aring fr babies b flling se siple rules fr eeping babies lean and health （B4U1妇女）27e learn t tal t huans using basi (2-3电脑)28Se Quaer en ent arund the untr raising ne fr her r （B4U1妇女）29These put the inerals ba int the sil, aing it rih and health and read t gr rps that need rih and fertile sil lie rn r heat (B4U2农业)30There is alas a hane f ver ld eather spiling their rp (B4U3幽默)31I hate thers gssiping (1-1朋友)32I als rr abut all thse ars bringing peple t bu fd in Dnald’s （B3U2饮食）33I a ver rried abut Dnald’s building a restaurant in ur hetn （B3U2饮食）34h shuld the fear se rers ining a Unin? （B3U2饮食）3I ften hear grandfather tal abut ultural relis (2-1古迹)36She atuall bserved hips as a grup hunting a ne and then eating it （B4U1妇女）37athing a fail f hips ae up is ur first ativit f the da （B4U1妇女）38n his a he, he heard a vie alling hi （B3U1节庆）39If u find sene suggling ultural relis, hat an u d？(2-1古迹)40Suddenl he sa his friend Li ahang hurring b （B3U2饮食）ne evening he sa a huge et explde as it hit the n (B3U4天)41hen e get lser t the n, e shall feel its gravit pulling us (B3U4天)42e n find urselves ving arund an average-sized sun (B3U4天)43The an sa se Gerans taing apart the r (2-1古迹) She sa an pr peple living near and she anted t help then （B4U1妇女）44ther peple said she ened being faus t uh （B4U1妇女）4uld u ind aiting ust a fe inutes? （B3U3 百万英镑）46Thse ars tr t par and prevent ther ars fr ving quil thrugh ur tn （B3U2饮食）47I nder if u’d ind us asing a fe questins （B3U3 百万英镑）48Tr riting a pla s u an pratise ur ral English （B3U加拿大）2) 情态动词表猜测/过去习惯、其他1Harvest and Thansgiving festivals an be ver happ events （B3U1节庆）2The thught the anestrs uld return either t help r t d har （B3U1节庆）3She didn’t turn up She uld be ith her friends right n laughing at hi （B3U1节庆）4n this iprtant feast da, peple ight eat fd in shape f sulls, and aes ith “bnes”n the （B3U1节庆）Se peple ight in aards fr their anials, flers, fruits and vegetables, lie the biggest atereln r the st handse rster （B3U1节庆）6arnivals ight inlude parades, daning in the streets da and night, lud usi and lurful lthing f all inds （B3U1节庆）7ur anestrs uld sit rund a fire and plent f eat t eat （B3U1节庆）8ften he uld dress up lie a rih an （B3U1节庆）9If u’ve n the bet fr e, u shall have an b as gift （B3U3 百万英镑）10His restaurant ught t be full f peple （B3U2饮食）11hat uld have happened? （B3U2饮食）12Nthing uld have been better （B3U2饮食）13Sething terrible ust have happened （B3U2饮食）14If the rers are happ ith the h shuld the fear se rers ining a Unin? （B3U2饮食）1Peple a nt have heard f ndles fr this part f rld beause ndles ere grn as part f sall fail businesses (B4U3幽默)3)、重要时态1h are u s late? I’ve been aiting fr u fr a lng tie! And I have a gift fr u!” （B3U1节庆）2The usi and lights f the arnival ntinue, but e have been athing the parades and riding in hrse arriages listening t the usi all da （B3U1节庆）3I had been gring the fler thrughut the suer (B4U3幽默)4If u ere t fall in, u uld freeze in less than t inutes （B3U1节庆）She uld be thinner as ell as health if she ate re vegetables lie beans 虚拟语气（B3U2饮食）4) it结构1It is said that this universit is a enter f ulture in this tn (1-2英语)It is nt surprising that native speaers dn’t n graar ver ell (1-2英语) It is nt surprising that the panda sign f the F has been rld faus (2-4生物)3It has been deided that thse h d nt d their her ill have t return t shl n Saturda (2-3电脑)4It is hped that ne da it ill be returned t nature (2-4生物)It urred t e that he has grn up (2-音乐)6It seeed that Lin Qia zhi had been ver bus in her hsen areer （B4U1妇女）7It stru e h diffiult it ust have been fr a an t get a edial training s lng ag （B4U1妇女）8It as still nt t late t fill in the frs fr the universit entr ane exa…（B4U1妇女）9It astnished e that he as able t separate the btt f the she fr the upper part (B4U3幽默)10It happened that this fler as a ne speies (B4U3幽默)It ges ithut saing that failure is the ther f suess (B4U3幽默)18)、定语从句19In apan the festival is alled bn, hen peple shuld g t lean the graves and light inense in er f their anestrs （B3U1节庆）20It is n a hildren’s festival, hen the an g t their neighburs’hes and as fr seets （B3U1节庆）21In hina and apan there are id-autun festivals, hen peple adire the n and give gift f naes （B3U1节庆）22ne f these is the Dragn Bat Festival in hina, hih hnurs the faus anient pet, Qu uan （B3U1节庆）23There are ver exiting arnivals, hih tae plae frt das befre Easter, （B3U1节庆）24Five r six en paddle in eah ane arss the great St Larene River, hih is partl frzen （B3U1节庆）2ne f the favurite events is the dg-sled rae, in hih teas f abut 6 Hus dgs pull lng sleds at great speeds alng a sn tra （B3U1节庆）26Late in the evening, u an g t the sn palae, here Bnhe the snan is ing, （B3U1节庆）27u an dane utside t the usi f a band, h are all dressed in heav lthes（B3U1节庆）28Thse h reprt the nes ere expeted t spea exellent English (1-2英语)Thse h ruled England at that tie spe Frenh (1-2英语) The par as built t hnr thse h helped the survivrs (1-4地震) Thse h d ell in the lpis an in edals (2-2奥运) There are seats fr thse h ath the gaes(2-2奥运)6) 连词29hat it as t bee as a ster (B3U4天)30This is h the earth began t sh its speial qualities (B3U4天)31The prble as that the earth beae vilent (B3U4天)32hat sientists thin is that the earth as different beause f the arrival f sall plants gring in the ater n its surfae (B3U4天)33It as nt lear hether the slid shape as t last r nt (B3U4天)34The pull f the earth is hat e all gravit (B3U4天)3It is ell-nn that an Aerians lie t eat a lt （B3U3 百万英镑）36He ade a bet that he uld be able t al t the ft f a untain b nightfall （B3U3 百万英镑）I trust that u’ll e here henever u lie （B3U3 百万英镑）u ust e heneveru ant and have hatever u lie （B3U3 百万英镑）All rps are rgani n atter h the are prdued (B4U2农业) hatever the gr the ae sure that hat is left in the grund after harvesting bees a natural fertilizer fr the next ear’s rp (B4U2农业)37The idea that the uld rss the hle ntinent as exiting （B3U加拿大）38The idea that u an rss anada in less than five das is ust rng （B3U加拿大）39The fat that ean ships an g there surprises an peple （B3U加拿大）40It as bvius that the anager f the ffee shp as aiting fr Li Fang t leave（B3U1节庆）41The sun shines all night in the nrth then That’s h it’s alled ‘The Landf the idnight Sun’（B3U加拿大）42hile a diar riter tries t rerd h he feels, a urnal riter rerd hat he sees n a urne (1-3游记)ther usiians sing the sngs fr the prgrae hile the band pretend t sing the(2-音乐)43aling des need a bit f pratie n that gravit has hanged (B3U4天)44The petitrs speed dn the tra and thrugh the air as thugh the uld fl （B3U1节庆）The untr is vered ith herr tree flers s that it ls as thugh it ight be vered ith pin sn （B3U1节庆）e feel as if there is n gravit at all (B3U4天) He shuts as if he has disvered sething fr the first tie（B3U3 百万英镑）He uld eet hi n the rad as if b aident （B3U3 百万英镑）He pis ut the laes and eats the as if the ere spaghetti (B4U3幽默) He uts ff the leather tp f the she, treating it as if the ere the finest eat (B4U3幽默) He aes it see as if it ere ne f the best eals he as ever had! (B4U3幽默) All this tie the dg sat and ate fler ling as if he as ening it ver uh (B4U3幽默) hen Elizabeth, arried sep, it seeed as if her life uld be frtable and peaeful （B4U1妇女）Peple didn’t n hi but taled as if the ere friends (2-音乐)。
人教高中英语必修3Unit4grammar(共30张PPT)
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that ….
令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that……
事实是……
很遗憾他没能参加我们的新年晚会。 _It_i_s_a__p_it_y_t_h_a_t_h_e__c_o_u_ld_n__’t_c_o_m__e_t_o__o_u_r_N_e_w___. Year Party.
• Why the students felt asleep was that they were not interested in the lesson.
• What the students are doing is playing their cellphones
Activity 5:Crazy English －read the four sentences
Group work
Have a discussion in groups. The topic is “My problem”. Talk about problems in your study or life. The others should give some advice or suggestions. The expressions may help you. The fact is…./ It is a fact that…
4.( When/Whheewthilelrbe back )depends on the weather.
5.(W__ho_ can join in the sport meeting) is decided by the teacher.
高中英语新人教版必修三知识点汇总(分单元编排)
高中英语必修三知识点Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 【单词变形】1.congratulate (v.祝贺)→congratulation (n.祝贺)2.religion (n.宗教)→religious (adj.宗教的）3.joy (n.高兴)→joyful (adj.高兴的)4.agriculture (n.农业)→agricultural (adj.农业的)5.decorate (v.装饰)→decoration (n.装饰)6.significant (adj.重要的)→significance (n.重要性)7.medium (n.媒介;手段;方法)→media (pl.媒介;手段;方法)8.reflect (v.显示;反映;反射)→reflection (n.反射;沉思;映像) 9.typical (adj.典型的)→typically (adv.典型地)→type (n.类型）10.wrestle (v.摔跤；奋力对付) →wrestling (n.摔跤运动)→ wrestler (n.摔跤运动员）11.origin (n.起源)→original (adj.原来的；首创的）12.belief (n.信心；信仰）→believe（v.相信)13.faith (n.宗教信仰；相信)→faithful (adj.忠诚的)14.horror (n.惊恐)→horrible (adj.惊恐的）15.grateful (adj.感激的)→gratitude (n.感激）【重点单词】1.congratulate vt.向某人道贺；（因某事）为自己感到自豪congratulate sb.on ...因某事祝贺某人。
I come here to congratulate you on your promotion.我来这儿是来祝贺您升职的。
→ congratulations n.祝贺；贺喜(1)向某人祝贺: congratulations to sb(2)为某事（向某人）表示祝贺congratulations to sb on sth(3)（因某事）向某人致以祝贺: offer/ send one’s congratulations to sb on sth祝贺你通过了考试。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4 M3U4派生词
1.astronomy ，astronomer ，astronautScience: biology--biologist--biologicalbiological evolution /biological fatherChemistry-- chemist-- chemical chemical pollution Physics-- physicist-- physical physical and mental health Art: geography--geographer --geographicalHistory-- historian--historic\historicalHistoric occasion \decision \day /visit /victoryHistorical novel/character\event/backgroundPolitics--politic ian--politicalMusician/politician/historian/Asian/Russian/technician❖lunar calendar /system/energy/terms(节气）2.Globe-- global, square--square,cube--cubic. the water cube3.Atmosphere heated/homey/academic atmosphere4.acid --sour acid soil/water/rainsour\sweet/bitter/hot/salty5.gentle-- gently6.React.vi reaction. nreaction to/feedback on/reply to/response to1.astronomy n. astronomer n.2.solar adj.1, 2, lunar adj.1.2.3.system n.systematic adj. - systematically adv. solar system4.religion n. religious adj.5.theory n. 反: practice6.globe n. global adj.7.violent adj. violence n. violently adv.8.in time 及时，终于on time 准时at times 有时in no time 马上，立刻at the same time 与此同时at no time 绝不(位于句首引起句子的部分倒装)9.like v.prep.unlike prep. unfortunately/unbelievable/uncertaindislike v.likely adj./advalike adj/adv 相像的; 相似的it is likely/unlikely that...be likely to do sth.10.fundamental adj.基本的，基础的11.presence n.出席；到场；存在present adj.在场的；现在的，目前的n.礼品，现在v.颁发12.dissolve v.solve v.13.harmful adj. 反: harmlessharm v/n.be harmful todo/cause harm to14.reaction n.react v.15.shellfish n.16.amphibian n.y eggs lay laid laid18.exist v.existence n.existing adj.There exists/existed...19.puzzle v/n adj. puzzled/puzzling20.dinosaur n. ；落伍的人/物21.biolo gy n. physics /chemistry biolog ist n. physicist /chemist biolog ical adj. physical /chemical 22.block outblock n. / v.23.extinct adj. extinction n.24.climate n.climate change25.pull v/n.反push26.lessen v. 同decrease/reduce27.cheer upcheer v/ncheerful adj.28.weightlessly adv.weight n.v.29.exhaust vt.exhausted adj. exhaustion n.。
人教版本的高中的英语必修三unit3学习知识点汇总及练习.doc
人教版高中英语必修三unit3 知识点汇总及练习Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note单元要点预览词语 1. scene / sight / view / scenery 2. permit / allow / let 3.辨析scream / shout词汇词部形分变化1. believe vt.&vi. 相信；belief n. 相信，信believable adj. 可相认为念，信仰信的 unbelievableadj.难以置信的2. survive vi.幸存，继续survival n.幸存，幸survivor n. 未死的存在 vt.幸免于；挺过存者，残存物人；残存者来3. permit v. 允许permission n.n.许可证，执照允许，许可，准许4. patience n. patient adj. impatient adj.忍耐，耐心有耐心的不耐烦的5. rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼rudely adv. 粗鲁rudeness n粗.鲁，不貌的地；粗略地礼貌6. present adj. 出席的presence n出.席，到场7. adventure n. adventurous adj. adventurer n.冒险者奇遇；冒险冒险的，惊险的1. bet n.&v. 赌；打赌；赌钱2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障vt. 挑剔，指责3. spot vt. 发现；认出n. 污点；斑点；地点4.passage n.通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；通过，消重逝；旅费点5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释单词总；计有6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求7. amount n.数(量)；总额vi.(to) 合计；接近8. bow [bau] vi.&vt.鞠躬；弯腰[b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬1.bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物2.go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，重开始吧点 3. by accident 偶然；无意中词 4. to be honest 老实说；说实话组 5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反 [只作状语 ]6.take a chance 冒险，碰运气7.as for 至于，关于1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.重点句2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was子spotted by a ship.3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.重点语情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测2．征询意见（见语法部法分）语言要点Ⅰ. 词语辨析1. scene / sight / view / scenery【解释】scene 指某一处的自然风光scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册全册重点语法汇总
人教版选择性必修第三册重点语法汇总Unit 1 Art (1)Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle (4)Unit 3 Environmental Protection (7)Unit 4 Adversity And Courage (15)Unit 5 Poems (18)Unit 1 Art不定式作表语【观察例句】1．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.2．During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.3．In this work，Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.4．What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，but instead to ask the question，“What is art？”【归纳用法】一、不定式作表语的用法1．表目的The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。
You must speak out，if we are to remain friends.如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。
3．用于第一人称问句，表示征求意见。
What am I to say if they ask me the question?要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。
人教版高中英语必修三 Unit 4 语法课件(共33张PPT)
P64 USING STRUCTURE
Do you know where we come from? How did the universe begin? Read the passage and try to understand how Stephen Hawking solved the problems?
4. I hear they _h_a_v_e__r_e_t_u_rned (return) it already.
5. He said that they _h_a_d__b_e_e__n members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6. I didn’t know what time he __w__ro__t_e the letter. (write)
3. __W_h_y_ the universe exists the way it does is a major question to all those who have looked at stars like Hawking.
4. _W_h_a_t_ has developed over two thousand years of observation has to be greatly revised.
A. whether B. That C. what D. when
(完整word版)人教版高中英语必修3重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全,文档
人教版高中英语必修3要点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全Unit1 Festivals around the world【要点词汇、短语】1. take place发生2. religious宗教的3. in memory of纪念4. belief相信，信心，信奉5. dress up盛装，打扮6. trick诡计，窍门7. play a trick on搞恶作剧，诈骗8.gain 获得9.gather 采集，会集10.award 奖品，授予11.admire赞美，敬重12. look forward to希望，希望13. day and night日夜14. as though好似15. have fun with玩的快乐16. permission赞同，赞同17. turn up出现，列席18. keep one’ s word守信用19. hold one’ s breath屏息20. apologize对不起21. obvious显然的22.set off出发，出发，使爆炸【要点句型】1. Please make sure when and where the accident took place.请查清楚事故是何时何地发生的。
2. Some festival are held to honour the dead,or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.还有一些节日，是为了纪念死者、满足或取悦祖先，由于〔祖先们〕有可能回到世上帮助他们，也有可能带来危害。
3. In Japan the festival is called Obon，when people should go to cleanthe graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.〔非限制性定语从句〕在日本，这个节叫孟兰盆节，在这个节日里，人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以祖先。
人教高中英语必修3Unit4 Grammar(共22张PPT)
stars
Step 1 Lead-in(课堂导
入)
(Robbing game)
名词性从句
Noun clause
主语从句 Subject Clause
宾语从句 名词性从句 Ob表je语ct从Cl句ause Noun clause
1) That the old building was rebuilt is right. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. It is obvious that he is the best student in the class.
fishing. 4. This is because y表ou语d从id句n’t finish the
job.
5. This place is where表I语pu从t m句y bag yesterday.
6. What主is语do从n句e by night appears by day.
Step 3 Exploring question （问题探究）
6.( ____ the earth is becoming warm) is a good
topic for research. 7.( ___ the sun is rises in the east ) is known to us all. 8...
Step 5 Presentations. （展示解疑）
1.( _____ is needed for success) is your hard work. 2.( ___ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3. It is not clear (___we will go shopping tomorrow.) 4.( ______ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher. 5.( ____ it will rain or not) is not clear.
人教版高中英语必修三unit4语法(9张PPT)
*__It_i_s_r_e_p_o_r_t_e_d_t_h_a_t___(据报
道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.
*_I_ti_s_s_u_g__g_e_s_t_e_d_t_h_a_t_____(建
议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreex
e注rc意is3e：. 主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形 式；但如果what引导的从句做主语，并且代表复 数概念（常可从表语上看出），则谓语动词常用 复数形式
Whatweneed___i_s____water.我们所需要的是水。 Whatweneed________usefulbooks.我们所需要 的是一些有用的书a。re
高中英语课件
madeofcanruohanxing
SubjectClauses 主语从句
1.主语从句概念 主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。
2.ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导主语从句的
关联词):
从属连词 that,whether,（注意if不 (不作成分） 能引导）
连接代词 wቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱat,who,which,whom, （作成分） whose,wh+ever
连接副词 （作状语） when,where,how,why
3.主语从句注意事项
注意1：that在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子 成分，且本身无实际意义。
whether在从句中起连接作用，不充当句子成分， 不能用if代替.
It’sapity/ashame//afact/goodnews/nowonder/ acommonknowledge…that…(遗憾的是/事实是/ 好消息//难怪/众所周知）
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高中英语必修三语法汇总Unit 3：省略结构精讲为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句子中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。
按照省略的部分可分为句子成分的省略和词的省略。
1.动词不定式中的省略动词不定式中的省略现象可分为两种情况：一是动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略;二是动词不定式符号to的省略。
(1)省略动词不定式符号to的情况①两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and,or, than, but连接时,从第二个不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to。
但如果强调对比之意时不能省略。
*Sh e’d like totake off her coat and have a break.她想脱下外套休息一会儿。
*It’s moredifficult to do than to say.做比说难(强调语意前后对比)。
③在why或whynot引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中。
*Why get soexcited? 为什么变得那么激动?②动词不定式作感官动词feel,see, notice, watch, find, hear, listen to, observe和使役动词have,make, let等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to省略。
如果这些动词用于被动语态,其后的动词不定式符号to不能省略(但let除外)。
*We often hear himsing the song at home.→He is often heardto sing the song at home.我们经常听到他在家唱这首歌。
【名师点津】but, except作介词,后接动词不定式。
如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么这些介词后的不定式不带to,反之则要带to。
*She could donothing but cry.她除了哭什么也做不了。
*He has no choicebut to leave.他别无选择只有离开。
(2)省略动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的情况①一些表示心理活动,情感态度的动词或短语,如expect,want, hope, wish, love, hate, decide, plan, mean, try, would like, be ready, beafraid, be glad等后, 动词不定式省略to后面的动词部分,但保留to。
*—Will you go withme? —Well, I’d like to (go with you).——你愿意和我一起去吗?——嗯,我愿意(和你一起去)。
②不定式作宾语补足语时,省略to后的动词部分,即用to代替整个不定式。
*You’d betterfinish the job on time if he ordered you to( finish the job on time ).如果他命令你,你最好按时完成工作。
【名师点津】如果该不定式后的动词是be或完成时态,则需在to后加上be或have。
*—Are you alawyer?—No, but I hope tobe (a lawyer).——你是律师吗?*—Have you been tothe West Lake?—I hope to have(been to the West Lake).——你去过西湖吗?——我希望去过(西湖)。
—不是,但是我希望是。
*(I)Beg your pardon.请您原谅。
/请再说一遍。
*Some of us studyJapanese; others(study)English.我们中有些人学习日语,有些人学习英语。
*—Do you know MrLi?—I don’tknow(him).——你认识李先生吗?——不认识。
*She washed( theshirt), ironed( the shirt), and folded the shirt.她洗了衬衫,并且把它熨好、折叠好。
*Sorry, (you’vedialed the )wrong number.对不起,你拨错号了。
3.复合句中的省略(1)宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中常省略连词that,但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个连词that可以省略。
*I know(that)sheis a teacher and that she is an excellent writer.我知道她是一个老师,也是一个优秀的作家。
(2)主句中的省略常见于句首或回答问题时,只用从句。
*—Why didn’t youcome to class yesterday?—( I didn’t cometo class yesterday )Because I was ill.——你昨天为什么没来上课?——因为我病了。
(3)定语从句中的省略①一般说来,在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that,which, who, whom可以省略; 而在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不可以省略。
*The man (whom)yousaw yesterday fell ill.你昨天见到的那个人生病了。
*The man, whom yousaw yesterday, fell ill.那个人生病了,你昨天见到他了。
②当先行词是way,且引导词在定语从句中作方式状语时,引导词可用inwhich或that,也可以省略。
*The way( inwhich/that )these comrades treat problems is wrong.这些同志看待问题的方式是错误的。
(4)状语从句中的省略当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语是it,并且从句谓语中有be动词时,常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
此类状语从句中的省略有如下情况:①在as,before, till, until, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。
*While(Iwas)walking along the street, I heard my name called.当我正沿街而行时,我听到有人叫我的名字。
②在though,although等引导的让步状语从句中。
*Though(theywere)tired, they went on working.虽然累了,但他们继续工作。
③在if,unless等引导的条件状语从句中。
*You shouldn’tcome to his party unless(you are)invited.除非你被邀请,否则你不应该来参加他的晚会。
④在as,as if, as though等引导的方式状语从句中。
*He did as(hewas)told.他按要求去做了。
【名师点津】在虚拟语气中,常省掉if,从句使用倒装句式。
*Were I you(=If Iwere you), I should give that guy a good lesson.如果我是你的话,我会好好地教训那个家伙一顿。
Unit 4：动词不定式作状语和定语精讲一、动词不定式在句中作状语,主要用来修饰动词和形容词,也可用来修饰副词。
在句中,不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语等,可表示目的、原因及结果等。
1.目的状语,置于句首或句末,置于句首时常表示强调。
为加强语气,常与inorder或soas 组成短语。
*A group of youngpeople got together to discuss this question.一群年轻人聚在一起讨论这个问题。
*In order to helphim, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们将尽我们所能。
【名师点津】不定式作目的状语(1)置于句首时只用todo / in order to do。
如用于表示否定, in order 或so as不能省略,用in order not to do 或 so as not to do形式。
*I walked quietlyso as not to disturb the baby.我安静地走路,以免打扰婴儿。
(2)不定式作目的状语时,其动作通常迟于谓语动词的动作。
*I said that toencourage him.我这么说是为了鼓励他。
(3)不定式作目的状语可转换为so that / in order that 或 so...that ...引导的目的状语从句。
*He worked veryhard to pass the exam.→He worked so hardthat he could pass the exam.→He worked hard sothat/in order that he could pass the exam.他非常努力以便能通过考试。
2.结果状语,多见于“too...to”; “enough to...”; only to do(表示意料之外的结果的发生);so/such...as to(意为“如此……以至于……”)结构句中。
* I’m too tired todo well.我太累了做不好。
*He is old enoughto go to school .他到上学的年龄了。
*He rushed back,only to find the book missing.他冲了回来,却发现书不见了。
* She is so proudas to look down upon others.她太骄傲了,看不起别人。
3.原因状语,多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”结构句中。
*I was very sad tohear the news.听到这个消息我很难过。
4.独立动词不定式多用作插入语,表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。
*I’d like to stayhealthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good.我想保持健康,但说实话,我只吃味道好的食物。
【名师点津】现在分词与不定式作结果状语的区别(1)动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
*Anxiously, shetook the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.(2)现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的,必然造成的结果。
*His father passedaway, leaving him a little money.二、动词不定式用作定语1.名词前有first,last, next, only等词以及最高级修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。