高考语法专题解析7 情态动词和虚拟语气
专题 07 情态动词和虚拟语气(学生卷)--高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)
专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气2024年【2024浙江1月卷】However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.2022-2021年1．【2021年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.A．need B．should C．could D．must2.【2021年天津卷第二次】---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.---Wel1, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.A. may have madeB. should have madeC. couldnt have madeD. needn't have made2020年1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. 2．【2020·天津】Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .A．must B．can C．need D．should3．【2020·天津】You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't2019年1.【2019年江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had2018年1.【2018年北京卷】In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must2. 【2018年北京卷】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven3.【2018年江苏卷】It’s strange that he_______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might4. 【2018年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had5.【2018年天津卷】I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left6. 【2018年天津卷】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch2017年1. 【2017年北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ___________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. need2. 【2017年北京卷】If the new safety system ___________ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put3.【2017年江苏卷】____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it4.【2017年天津卷】My room is a mess, but I ___________ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A.daren’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t5. 【2017年天津卷】—Do you have Betty’s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ___________ able to reach her yesterday.A. hadn’t beenB. wouldn’t have beenC. weren’tD. wouldn’t be2016年1.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.2.【2016年新课标Ⅰ卷】. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.3.【2016年浙江卷】Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _________ since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallenB. would not fallC. did not fallD. would not have fallen4. 【2016年浙江卷】George _________ too far. His coffee is still warm.A. must have goneB. might have goneC. can’t have goneD. needn’t have gone5. 【2016年天津卷】It was really annoying; I _____________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t6. 【2016年北京卷】I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. wouldn’tD. shouldn’t7. 【2016年北京卷】Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell8. 【2016年江苏卷】If it _________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD. should not have been2015年1.【2015年新课标Ⅰ卷】We must found ways to protect your environment.2.【2015年湖南卷】Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is,3.【2015年四川卷】As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. ...If you are me, would you talk to him?4. 【2015年北京卷】—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really go now. My daughter is home alone.A. mayB. canC. mustD. dare5.【2015年福建卷】—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.—Oh, it’s too bad. You ________ have made full preparations.A. mustB. canC. wouldD. should6. 【2015年陕西卷】You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.A. shouldB. needC. shallD. may7.【2015年陕西卷】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.A. danceB. will danceC. had dancedD. danced8.【2015年四川卷】You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. can D.will9. 【2015年天津卷】I ___________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. couldn’t10. 【2015年浙江卷】It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A. couldn'tB. shouldn'tC. mustn’t D needn’t11. 【2015年重庆卷】You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.A. mustB. canC. willD. shall。
英语二轮复习教学案：专题07情态动词和虚拟语气(解析版)
【2014考纲解读】情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中占的比重一直比较稳定，每年总有一至两个题,可以单独考查,也可以结合虚拟语气考查.命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和掌握，难度也保持较为稳定的趋势.其考点主要包括：1．考查情态动词的基本用法。
如：can和could的用法及区别；will和would的用法及区别；must的用法；shall用于不同人称时的用法和should的各种用法; need的用法等。
2．考查情态动词的“推测”功能。
如:can，could,may，might，must 皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：（1)注意语气。
语气较强用must，cannot,couldn’t; 语气较弱用may,might或can，could; （2)注意句式。
在肯定句中，一般用may,might,must；在否定句、疑问句中常用can,could; （3)注意时态。
表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词＋动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词＋进行体”结构；表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词＋完成体"结构。
3．考查情态动词的特殊用法。
如:（1）cannot/can’t 与too/over/enough/perfectly/sufficiently 等词连用,意为“越……越……”“无论怎样……，……也不为过"“决不会……，……够(过)”.(2）cannot wait to do sth意为“急于做某事”。
(3)would 和used to的区别; can 和be able to的区别。
（4）“may/might well＋动词原形”意为“理应,有足够的理由”; “may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是……的好”。
(5)must意为“偏要，硬要"；can用在肯定句中，可以表示客观上的可能性；shall用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等; should表示估计或推测上的“应该”,意为“可能，该，估计,按理应当”；will 可以表示习惯性和倾向性，意为“惯于，老是，终归是”等。
高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气
告，决心”等 诺)
意思。
③If you don't get out, I shall knock you
down. (警告)
19
正面解读
4.shall/will/would
情 态 意义 例句 动词
备注
will/w 表 示 ①I will do everything for you. ② ould 意愿 None is so blind as those who
② —Need you go at go at once. —Do you need to go at once ？ —Yes ， I must. once？—Yes，I do. /No, I needn't.
②need作情态动词常用于否定、疑问或条 件句中。
dare ① He daren't cross the dare和need一样，既可以作情态动词，也
列
9
情态动词+have done表示对过去情况的推 测
（一）should /ought to have done本来应做而未做，表达遗憾感 情色彩
例1：I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I ____for her.(NMET94) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 析：选C。分析语境可知，口头上告知Sally如何去
例1：--- Where is my pen?
---DI _____it.(NMET88)
A. might lose
语法专题7情态动词和虚拟语气
语法专题7情态动词和虚拟语⽓情态动词的⽤法情态动词表⽰说话⼈对某⼀动作或状态的态度，可以表⽰“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。
情态动词没有⼈称和数的变化。
但不能单独作谓语动词⽤，必须和不带to的不定式连⽤构成谓语动词。
只有情态动词ought要和带to的动词不定式连⽤，在句中作谓语⽤。
将情态动词置于主语之前即构成其疑问式，在情态动词之后加not既构成其否定式。
现将各情态动词的基本⽤法分述如下：1、can和could (could为can的过去式) 的基本⽤法(1)表⽰能⼒，如：He can speak English better than you.(2)在疑问句和否定句中表⽰“怀疑”、“猜测”或“可能性”，如：Can thisgreen bike be Liu Dong's?(3)表⽰“许可”时can可以和may换⽤，如：You can (may) go home now.(4)如果要表⽰语⽓婉转，可⽤could代替can，这时could不再是can 的过去式，如：Could you come again tomorrow? (5)can和be able to 都可表⽰能⼒，两者在意思上没有什么区别。
但是can只能有现在式和过去式，⽽be able to则有更多的形式，如：He will be able to do thework better.2、may和might (might为may的过去式)的基本⽤法(1)表⽰允许或征询对⽅许可，有“可以”之意，如：You may use my dictionary. 在回答对⽅说“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”时，⼀般多不⽤may或may not，以避免语⽓⽣硬或不容⽓。
⽽⽤⽐较婉转的说法进⾏回答。
如：---- May I use this dictionary? ---- Yes, please. 或---- Certainly. 在请求对⽅许可时，如果Might I…? 就⽐⽤May I…? 语⽓更婉转些，如：May I have a look at your new computer? 但是表⽰“阻⽌”或“禁⽌”对⽅做某事时，要⽤must not代替may not，如：---- May we swim in this lake? ---- No, you mustn?t. It?s too dangerous. (2)may或might都可以表⽰可能性，表⽰“或许”、“可能”之意，如果⽤might表⽰可能性，则语⽓更加不肯定，如：They may (might) bein the library now .3、must的基本⽤法(1)must表⽰“必须”、“应该”之意，其否定式must not，缩写形式为mustn't，表⽰“不应该”，“不准”、“不许可”或“禁⽌”之意，如：We must study hard and make progress every day. You mustn't touch the fire. (2)对以must提出的疑问句，如作否定回答时，要⽤needn't或⽤don't (doesn't) have to (不必)来回答，⽽不⽤mustn't，因为mustn't表⽰的是“禁⽌”或“不许可”之意，如：---- Must we finish the work tomorrow? ---- No, you needn't (don't have to), but you must finish it in three days.(3)在肯定句中must可以表⽰推测，表⽰“⼀定”或“必定”之意，如：---- Whose new bike can it be? ---- It must be Liu Dong's. I know hisfather has just bought him a new one.4、can, could, may, must后接完成式的⽤法(1)can, could后接完成式的⽤法：①在否定句或疑问句中表⽰对过去发⽣过的事情的“怀疑”或“不肯定”的态度，Could he have said so? ②在肯定句中，可以表⽰过去可能做到⽽实际并没做到的事情，有“劝告”或“责备”的语⽓。
高中英语语法之情态动词和虚拟语气
鹰击长空—基础不丢专题导读情态动词与虚拟语气是中学语法学习的难点和重点。
高考英语完成句子对情态动词的考查主要涉及常见情态动词的基本用法，特殊侧重于情态动词表推想的用法和特殊结构中情态动词的应用。
高考完成句子对虚拟语气的考查重点在于依据句子的语境敏捷多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表委婉而运用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。
学好虚拟语气，除了驾驭基本的结构外，还要留意句子所表达的意义是与现在、过去，还是将来事实相反，看清时间状语，另外还要留意在其他结构中虚拟语气的运用。
五年高考：①情态动词与完成式；②宾语从句、同位语从句、条件句中的虚拟语气；③情态动词的推想功能；④should/can 等情态动词的基本用法。
考点聚焦：考点(1)情态动词与完成式“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”结构是情态动词专项考查的难点和重点，记住以下最常考查的结构：①must have done 过去确定做了某事He isn’t here. He must have missed the train. 他还未到，确定是没赶上火车。
②can’t/couldn’t have done 过去不行能做了某事He can’t have written this letter. 这封信不行能是他写的。
③may/might have done 过去可能做了某事You may (might) have read about it. 你可能在报上已经读到这件事了。
④needn’t have done原来没有必要做而实际做了某事He needn’t have worried about it. 他本不必为此事担忧。
⑤could have done原来能够做而实际没有做某事You could have been more careful. 你原来可以更细心的。
⑥should/ought to have done原来应当做而实际没有做某事I should have finished the work earlier. 我应当早一点完成这项工作的。
高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气讲解
（一）虚拟语气常考点（一）虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用使用虚拟条件句时要注意的几点：1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
如：If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now。
假如你以前学习努力的话，你现在将已是一名大学生了。
2.if省略句在条件句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
如：If I were at school again，I would study harder。
→Were I at school again，I would study harder。
假如我再次回到学校，我一定更加努力的学习。
If you had come earlier，you would catch the bus。
→Had you come earlier，you would catch the bus。
假如你来早点，你就赶上公交车了。
If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing。
→Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing。
假如明天下雨，我们就不去爬山了。
注意：当省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。
比如，我们可以说：Were it not for the expense，I would go abroad now。
但不能说：Weren’t it for the expense，I would go abroad now。
3.用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
常用的介词有with，without，but for。
如：What would you do with a million dollars？（=if you had a million dollars）假如你有一百万美元的话，你会做什么？We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help。
超实用高考英语一轮复习：语法专题：情态动词和虚拟语气 课件
语前,构成倒装
你要是见到玛丽,会认不出她的。
当主句和从句时间不一致时,主
错综时间
If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn't be in trouble now.
句和从句要根据各自所指的具
条件句
要是你当时听我的劝,你现在就不会有麻烦了。
体时间选用适当的时态
1. 用于非真实条件句 （2）其他用法
用法
说明
示例
The dish would have been better with a bit less salt.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
有时,假设的条件不通过条件状 少放些盐,这道菜会更可口的。
含蓄 语从句表达,而是隐含在某些词 Under such circumstances I would probably have done the same.
表示征求对方的意见或请求指 咱们晚上见好吗?
示
You shall not smoke.不准抽烟。（警告） shall
用于第二、第三人称的陈述句, There shall be no talking during the test.
表示允诺、规定、命令、警告 考试过程中不允许交谈。（规定）
等
You shall have a new computer if you do well in the exam.
Beijing may/might well be changing faster than any other city on earth.北京的变化可能比世界上其他任何一个城市都快。
may/might as well倒不如，不妨
It is very late, so you may/might as well go to bed. 很晚了，所以你还是去睡吧。
高中语法精要情态动词和虚拟语气
高中语法精要情态动词和虚拟语气高中语法精要：情态动词和虚拟语气在高中英语学习的过程中，语法是一个不可或缺的部分。
情态动词和虚拟语气是其中重要且常被混淆的概念。
本文将全面介绍情态动词和虚拟语气的用法及相关注意事项。
一、情态动词情态动词是用来表示说话人的情感、推测、能力等方面的动词。
常见的情态动词包括can、could、may、might、shall、should、will、would、must等。
1. 表示能力：Can和could用于表示某人具有能力做某事。
例如：- I can swim.（我会游泳。
）- He could speak French when he was young.（他年轻时会说法语。
）2. 表示推测：May、might和could可以用于表示推测或可能性。
例如：- It may rain later.（可能会下雨。
）- He might be busy.（他可能很忙。
）3. 表示许可：Can和may用于表示允许或许可。
例如：- Can I go to the bathroom?（我可以去洗手间吗？）- May I borrow your pen?（我可以借用你的笔吗？）4. 表示建议和意愿：Should和would常用于表示建议、意愿或假设情况。
例如：- You should eat more vegetables.（你应该多吃蔬菜。
）- I would like some tea, please.（我想要一些茶，谢谢。
）二、虚拟语气虚拟语气是用来表示非现实情况或假设情况的一种语气形式。
在高中英语中，虚拟语气主要包括与过去事实相反的虚拟语气、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气以及情态动词的虚拟语气等。
1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气常由"were"来表示，无论主语是单数还是复数，都使用"were"。
专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气(练习)(解析版)
专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气目录情态动词和虚拟语气--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页一、单项填空---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页二、完成句子--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6页三、单句语法填空--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8页情态动词和虚拟语气一、单项填空1．（2024·天津市南开区期中）—______ you make so much noise?—Sorry. I’ll take care not to.A．Must B．Can C．May D．Would【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。
句意：--你一定要制造这么大的噪音吗？--对不起。
我会注意不要这样做。
A. Must一定；非得；B. Can能够；C. May或许；D. Would将会。
根据空后“you make so much noise?”可知，此处表示说话人不耐烦的语气。
must表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦，意为“一定要，非要”。
故选A。
2．（2024·湖南省株洲市单招）—_________you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening?—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.A．Should B．May C．Must D．Can【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词。
2019版高考英语专题化语法讲义专题七情态动词与虚拟语气
专题七 情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，用 来表示愿望、态度或推测等。
You may use my dictionary.你可以使用我的字典。
（表示“允许”）You can ' t have seen him just now. He has been abroad for nearly a month.你刚才不可能看见他了，他已经出国近一个月了。
（表示“推测”）1.表示能力（2）表示将来的能力：will be able to （3）表示过去的能力could 表示过去的能力，不表示是否做was/were able to 表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了，相当于： managed to do sthJsucceeded in doing sth.could have done 表示过去本来能够做但未做 I can ' t promise anything, but I ' ll do what I can .我不能许诺什么，但我会尽力而为。
（表示现在的能力）If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。
（表示将来的能力）The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。
（表示过去有能力做并 且成功地做了）I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题，但我太紧张了。
（表示本来有能力做但未做）2.表示推测（可能性）可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高考语法通关七、情态动词和虚拟语气1．(2012·西安模拟)—May I tell this to my close friend?—No，you________ .Never let anybody else know about it.A．needn't B．shouldn'tC．mustn't D．can't解析：由“绝不可以让其他任何人知道”可知选C，mustn't 表示“不允许，不可以”，语气强烈。
答案：C2．Shopping online can save much time as you________ go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.A．don't have to B．oughtn't toC．won't D．mustn't解析：本题考查情态动词。
句意为：由于不必去商店或者拥挤的购物中心，网上购物能够节省大量时间。
根据句意，应选A。
答案：A3．(2012·唐山调研)The welldressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough，she ________ have done such a thing.A．would B．mustC．should D．might解析：根据题干中的Strangely enough 可知，这里应该用should，表示惊讶，可译为“竟然”。
答案：C4．(2012·广州二模)Don't play with the dog，Jack，for it________ be dangerous at times.A．shall B．shouldC．can D．must解析：句意为：杰克，不要逗狗玩，因为狗有时可能是危险的。
can 在此表示理论上的可能性，其他三项则无此意，故选C项。
答案：C5．(2012·深圳联考)“Attention，please.Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize，”the teacher said in class.A．might B．shallC．should D．would解析：shall用于第二和第三人称时，可以表示警告、命令、允诺、威胁等语气；might 表示可能性很小；should 表示“应该(义务性)”；would 表示意志(意愿)。
这里选B项表示允诺。
答案：B6．(2012·扬州月考)—Where is Lucy?—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.A．can B．shouldC．must D．may解析：这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词＋have done”。
从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经做了……”(不确定)。
must have done 表示“过去一定做了……”(非常确定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑问句中，should have done 表示“过去本该做……(实际却没做)”。
答案：D7．(2012·淮阳二模)—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.—He________ .He is a man of his word.A．could have left B．must have leftC．can't come D．won't be coming解析：根据He is a man of his word.可知他是一个守信的人，因此推测他肯定已经启程了。
句意为：——Tim 启程了吗？他说他要参加聚会。
——他一定已经启程了，他是一个守信的人。
must have done“一定干了某事”，故B项正确。
答案：B8．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.A．must B．needC．would D．shall解析：shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。
答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。
shall表示允诺。
答案：D9．________ anyone call，please tell him I'm not free.A．Must B．CanC．May D．Should解析：本题考查情态动词用法。
句意为：如果有人给我打电话，就告诉他我很忙。
第一个分句是省略了if 虚拟条件句，补充完整为：If anyone should call，please tell him I'm not free.当if 省略时，句子要倒装，故D项正确。
答案：D10．(2012·西安调考)If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.A．would be B．areC．have been D．had been解析：句意为：如果不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话，我们现在就到那里了。
从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，但主句与现在情况相反，故选A项。
答案：A11．(2012·淮阳模拟)—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.A．wouldn't B．wouldn't haveC．didn't D．hadn't解析：考查虚拟语气。
从句子中if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，主句应该用should/would/could/might＋have done结构，从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案：B12．(2012·莆田一模)—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.A．worked B．had workedC．would work D．were working解析：考查虚拟语气。
wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，意思是：我希望我(过去)更努力地学习英语了。
答案：B13．(2012·莱州质检)—Did you make it at last?—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.A．would causeB．must have causedC．would have causedD．may cause解析：考查虚拟语气。
句意为：——你们最后成功了吗？——成功了，要不是你的帮助，我们的损失就大了。
but for...要不是……。
答案：C14．(2012·滨州质检)You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.A．need B．mustC．can D．may解析：考查情态动词may。
语意：你不妨现在做，因为你早晚要做。
may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。
答案：D15．(2012·青岛调研)If we're to get better business growth, then his idea ________ be taken too seriously.A．should B．mayC．can't D．mustn't解析：考查情态动词can。
从语意和用词看，本题选C，can't/can not...too 表示“再……也不为过，越……越好”。
答案：C16．(2012·德州二模)—Oh, it is seven. Tom, it is high time you ________ to school.—Mom, don't you remember it is Sunday?A．go B．wentC．will go D．must go解析：考查虚拟语气。
It is high time that... 后面的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词通常用过去式。
答案：B17．________ today, he would get there by Friday.A．Was he to leave B．Was he leavingC．Were he to leave D．If he leaves解析：考查虚拟语气。
语意：如果他今天出发以的话，那么周五之前就可以到那里了。
由主句的时态及语意可知，这里是对将来事实进行假设，从句中谓语可以用were to do 的形式，从句可以省去if并将were放于句首。
答案：C18．(2012·长沙月考)If you ________ the medicine yesterday, you ________ fine now!A．took；would beB．had taken；would have beenC．had taken；would beD．took；would have been解析：考查虚拟语气。
这是一个错综条件句。
条件与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句表达的结果与现在的事实相反，用would＋v原形的形式。