2020年托福写作中连贯性之起承转合
【托福写作承上启下10类逻辑词汇2020合辑分享】
【托福写作承上启下10类逻辑词汇2020合辑分享】托福写作承上启下10类逻辑词汇汇总分享1.增补(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more,similarly, next, finally.2.比较(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in parison, just as3.对照(contrast)whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless,unlike, even though, on the contrary, while4.因果(Cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as aresult(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus5.强调(Emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter offact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely,most imprtant6.让步(Concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided,while it is true.7.例证(Exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, inthis case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all,to put it in a nutshell, in summary9.推断(Inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise10.时间和空间(Time and space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above,below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of 托福写作：Parents are the best teachersDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the bestteachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.范文Throughout my life, I have been lucky enough to have a very goodrelationship with my parents. They have supported me, given me necessarycriticism, and taught me a great deal about how to live my life. Parents can bevery important teachers in our lives; however, they are notalways the bestteachers.Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they canonly see their children though the eyes of a protector. For example, they maylimit a child's freedom in the name of safety. A teacher might see a trip to abig city as a valuable new experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to aparent.Another problem is that parents may expect their hildren's interests to besimilar to their own. They can't seem to separate from their children in theirmind. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love sciencetoo. But what if their child's true love is art, or writing , or car repair?Parents are usually eager to pass on their value to their children. Butshould children always believe what their parents do? Maybe differentgenerations need different ways of thinking. When children are young, theybelieve that their parents are always rights. But when they get older, theyrealize there are other views. Sometimes parents, especially older ones, can'tkeep up with rapid social or technology changes. A student who has friends ofall different races and backgrounds at school may find that her parents don'treally understand or value the digital revolution. Sometimes kids have to findtheir own ways to what they believe in.The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachersinour lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our peers teach us.Books and newspapers and television also teach us. All of them are valuable.托福写作范文背诵之Why do you think people attend college or universityPeople attend college or university for many different reasons (forexample, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do youthink people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your answer.范文：People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. Ibelieve that the three most mon reasons are to prepare for a career, to havenew experiences, and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the worldaround them.Career preparation is ing more and more important to young people. Formany, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job marketis petitive. At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a lot ofopportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that areexpected to need a large workforce in the ing years.Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences.This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those intheir hometowns. For most students, going tocollege is the first time they'vebeen away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they'vehad to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases theirknowledge of themselves.Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university orcollege to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many,this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something thatdoesn't relate to their career.I would mend that people not be so focused on a career. They should goto college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world theylive in.。
起承转合作文示范文800叙比赛
起承转合作文示范文800叙比赛英文回答：As a writer, I find it thrilling to participate in an essay competition where I can showcase my skills in both English and Chinese. Writing in two languages allows me to explore different perspectives and express my thoughts more effectively. So, let's dive into the topic of "起承转合" and demonstrate how it can be applied in writing.In terms of "起" (beginning), a good essay should have a strong introduction that grabs the reader's attention. For example, I could start with a thought-provoking question or a captivating anecdote. In my experience, starting with a personal story or a vivid description can instantly engage the reader and make them want to continue reading.Moving on to "承" (development), this is where I expand on my main ideas and provide supporting evidence orexamples. To make the essay more persuasive, I wouldinclude relevant statistics, expert opinions, or real-life scenarios. For instance, if I were writing about the importance of education, I could mention how countries with high literacy rates tend to have lower crime rates and higher economic growth.Now comes the "转" (transition) part, where I smoothly transition from one point to another. Transition words and phrases are essential to guide the reader through the essay. Some commonly used transitions include "however," "on the other hand," and "in contrast." These words help to connect ideas and make the essay flow smoothly. By using these transitions effectively, I can ensure that my essay is coherent and easy to follow.Lastly, we have "合" (conclusion). A strong conclusionis crucial as it leaves a lasting impression on the reader.I like to end my essays with a thought-provoking statementor a call to action. This encourages the reader to reflect on the topic and perhaps even take action. For example, if my essay is about environmental conservation, I could endwith a call to action, urging readers to reduce their carbon footprint or support local environmental organizations.中文回答：作为一名作家，我觉得参加一场既可以展示我英文又可以展示我中文写作技巧的文章比赛非常激动人心。
【写作提分】如何让托福写作更加清晰连贯？逻辑严密+语言地道
【写作提分】如何让托福写作更加清晰连贯？逻辑严密+语言地道面对一个话题，考生之所以无法写出连贯的文字，是因为缺少写作素材。
那么素材是什么呢?其实也就是我们所说的“言之有物”中的“物”。
无论是四、六级写作，还是考研写作，或是写作，考生之所以无法取得高分，根本原因在于其日常积累的英文论证素材以及论据素材过于贫乏，根本无法将零星散落于大脑各个角落不成体系的素材组合起来，形成一篇逻辑严密、语言优美地道的文章。
正如前面所提到的，托福写作素材包含两类：一类是论证素材，即对于论点进行理论分析的素材。
例如：论证竞争机制的重要性、论证环境保护的必要性、论证艺术的价值等。
一类是论据素材，即可支持论点的相关事例。
论证素材+论据素材，就已经为写出有理有据的文章打下了良好的基础，这也是写作的前提。
因为，任何语言学习，或者说任何学习过程，都遵循“输入—输出”模式。
如果没有输入，则永远不可能有输出;若没有好的输入，则永远不可能有好的输出。
因此，语言学习有一条永恒不变的真理：不听永远不会说，不读永远不会写。
这里的“听”和“读”就是输入环节，“说”和“写”就是输出环节;只有输入了好的英文素材，才能在需要的地方进行输出。
其实，只要多掌握适用于写作测试的英文写作素材(论证素材+论据素材)，就已经为写出有理有据的文章打下了良好的基础，这也是写作的前提。
因为，任何语言学习，或者说任何学习过程，都遵循“输入—输出”模式。
如果没有输入，则永远不可能有输出;若没有好的输入，则永远不可能有好的输出。
因此，语言学习有一条永恒不变的真理：不听永远不会说，不读永远不会写。
这里的“听”和“读”就是输入环节，“说”和“写”就是输出环节;只有输入了好的英文素材，才能在需要的地方进行输出。
托福写作的7大原则要求
托福写作的7大原则要求 有些考生常常为了托福独立写作而苦恼，总是没有写作思路、抓不到重点或者字数写不够。怎么办呢?同学们要重视托福独立写作要求，进行详细的分析，然后制定备考计划，下面是小编整理的托福独立写作要求及七大原则介绍。 托福写作的7大原则及要求 打开《托福官方指南》，你会看到，ETS在“组织”上提到了三个关键词“Unity统一性，Progression渐进性, Coherence连贯性”。这是出题官方机构对托福独立写作文章架构上的全部要求。什么是统一性?就是说你找到的分论点和你通篇的总观点是一个方向的，不能一会同意，一会不同意。即分论点要指向总论点。同时，所有的论据都必须指向论点。第二个，渐进性，指的就是找到的论点必须要有层次性，不能写三段都是都在同一个层面说事情，而应该层层推进。最后一点，连贯性。指的是两部分，一个是形式上的，就是要适当运用一些连接词，把句子和句子或者段与段直接连接起来，这样看起来比较一气呵成。第二是内容上，也就是论证的时候，不管用什么论证方式，说理还是举例，还是说理+举例，都要有一条清晰连贯的逻辑线隐含在里面，让考官可以很顺畅的看完通篇。 下面是三立教育小编提供的托福独立写作考试的七大原则： 1. 审题，抓关键词，关键词多为名词和形容词，最重要的是一些限定词。全文都要围绕题目展开论述，紧紧扣题。 2. 文章结构最好为四段式，字数400字以上。 3. 理由段落结尾 进行段落点睛。 4. 理由段论证一定要体现严密的逻辑，思维不能跳跃。 5. 切忌大量模板，尤其在论证过程中出现大量繁琐的没有实质内容的模板句。 6. 学会发散思维，不要就事论事。 7. 短期与长期 短期(目标分24分以下)，靠思路/逻辑思维提分;长期(基础好，目标24分以上的)要修炼高级词汇&长难句。 托福写作中需要关注的六个答题点 1.据说，托福作文里不能用“you”，这是真的吗? 第二人称人称代词“you”在托福写作中不是一点不能用，但是也并不提倡使用。学术性文章里对语言风格的要求可能因人而异，按照严格的要求，人称代词(“personal pronouns”)是不应使用的，如“I, we, you, they”等等，不使用人称代词，你的文章看上去就十分的正式和客观。因此，如果你将来遇到的教授比较严格或保守的话，可能会要求你改掉所有有人称代词的句子。 托福写作相比于学术论文还是没有那么正式的，但是内容也是比较正式的，因此，第二人称代词“you”还是不用或尽量少用为好，人称和第三人称就都是可接受的了。如果你有常写“you”的习惯，不妨每次将它改为“we”、“people”或“one”。 语法要点：托福作文中尽量少用或不用第二人称代词(“you”、“your”、“yours”等)，改为第三人称或人称。 2.“amounts of”和“numbers of”的用法一样吗? 一个同学在作文里写了“amounts of people have the opportunity to work at home nowadays”这样的句子。也有很多同学写过“a great amount of historical buildings”或“the amount of printed books”这样的表达。他们往往将“amounts of”或“an amount of”当成了“a lot of”或“lots of”的替代表达。 “a lot of”或“lots of”一般来说的确不太适合用在书面表达中，但是它们修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，因此用不着多做考虑。然而，用“an amount of”或“amounts of”来修饰的名词，根据标准用法的要求，应该修饰物质名词(如water)或抽象名词(如pain)，也就是不可数的名词。因此，用它们来修饰“people”、“buildings”这样的可数名词是不正确的。那么，什么量词用来修饰可数名词呢?“a number of”或“numbers of”，如：“a large number of cars”。 语法要点：“an amount of”或“amounts of”用在不可数名词前面，而“a number of”或“numbers of”用在可数名词前面。其区别基本相当于“many”和“much”的区别。 3.“between”后面能接两个以上的事物或人物吗? “between”和“among”有什么区别也是大家常问的一个问题。有这样的说法：“between”表示“两者之间”，后面应该接两个事物或人物;“among”表示“多者之间”，后面接三个及其以上的事物或人物。 事实上，在地道的英文文献中，“between”后面放n多个事物或人物也是常见到的。那么，“between”和“among”两个介词的意思区别在哪儿呢?“between”更为强调多个事物或人物中相互之间“一对一”的关系，如“the conflicts between the three kingdoms”，“among”则更有“群体感”，强调所有个体之间存在的东西，如“the feeling among the test takers”。 语法要点：尽管“between”常用来表示“在...两者之间”，它的后面也是可以接三个或更多的事物或人物的。 4.“such as”和“like”能彼此替代吗? “such as”和“like”都是常用来完成举例的介词。它们之间是可以互相替换的，不管后面是一个例子还是多个例子。使用它们的时候，要在“such as”或“like”的前文写一个较大范围的概念(如cities)，然后“such as”和“like”后面写这个较大概念范围下的具体例子(如“Beijing and New York”)。我们既可以写“cities like Beijing and New York”，也可以写“cities such as Beijing and New York”，而且后者还可以变成“such cities as Beijing and New York”的样子。 语法要点：你可以将“such as”和“like”进行替换，不用担心后面所举例子的数量。 5.“people”能改写成“persons”吗? 如果本该写“people”的地方写成“persons”，会让英美国家的读者感到不舒服，如“Li Na’s story has inspired many persons”，就十分awkward，应该改成“Li Na’s story has inspired many people”。 传统语法有这样的说法：如说明特定人数时，用“persons”较合适，如“five persons”;如无特定人数，则“people”较好，如“many people”。不过，现在“people”前面加具体数字的做法已经被普遍接受了，如“five people”。倒是反过来“many persons”或“a large number of persons”看上去十分不合适。 语法要点：写作时不应用“persons”作为“people”的替换写法。“人们”写成“people”是合适的。 6.“so”和“so that”的意思是一样的吗? 经常看到同学们在要写“so”的地方写成“so that”，如：“Nowadays parents are extremely busy in their work so that they do not have enough time to communicate with their children”。这个句子如果按照现在写成的样子翻译，意思就成了“如今的父母工作十分忙碌，就是为了让他们没有时间和自己的孩子交流。”很显然，这不是作者想表达的意思，这个“so that”的使用是错误的。 “so”是表因果关系的连词，可以翻译成“所以”，其后面的句子是上文的结果，如“It was late, so we stayed at her place for the night”。“so that”的意思则等同于“in order that”，意思是“为了...”，指为了达到一个特定的目的而做某事，比如这个句子“I’ve tried to hide my feeling so that no one knows, but I guess it shows”，翻译过来就是“我试着去掩盖我的情绪，为了不让人发现，但它流露了出来”。 语法要点：“so”表示上文的结果，“so that”表示上文中的行为的目的，两者是有根本区别的。 托福写作中的常见审题误区 审题，是写作的步，却经常被大家所忽略。有太多考生只着眼于如何写出漂亮的句子和高级的词汇，而没有搞清写作的本质--考察学生针对某一话题进行准确连贯表述的能力。这也是为什么很多同学虽然英语不弱，在托福考试的独立部分中却只能拿到fair或good当中较低的4分。那么，到底怎样才能更加容易地拿到独立写作的满分呢?笔者今天将通过列举以往考过的真题进行解析，告诉大家如何审题，换句话说，如何使高分变得更加achievable。 审题误区 忽略关键词 同学们考写作考了这么多年，大多数出题的形式都已烂熟于心，看到题目之后觉得熟悉于是兴冲冲提笔就写，其实，这种看似"熟练"的表象下藏着巨大的隐患--同学们很有可能因为看得太快而忽略某个决定题目意思的关键词。例如： 例1： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is the only main cause for people's unhealthy eating habits. 看到这个题目，同学们立刻会开始想，有没有other reasons for unhealthy habits，想出三条如：1. People's tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours; 2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on "endless diets"; 3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever. 综上所述，advertising is not the only cause. 这个写法看起来非常完备，但其实犯了一个不起眼却严重的错误--题目不是要我们证明it is not the only cause，而是要我们去证明it is not the only main cause。多一个"main"，意思是很不一样的。如果我们只需要证明it is not the only cause，那么找出other causes即可即例1中的写法。但是，如果我们要证明it is not the only main cause，就需要证明other causes that we mentioned are also main causes，这就需要在每一段中加上一些专门的说明。或者，更简单的办法是去证明advertising is not even a cause, 直接在每段的末尾加上advertising与该段所论述的unhealthy eating habit无关的论述即可。If it is not a cause, how can it be the onlymain cause? 这样一来，就不用通过证明还有其他main cause来反驳了，事实上，证明某种cause是main cause还是挺有难度的，因此笔者推荐同学们用
提高英文写作连贯性的技巧
提高英文写作连贯性的技巧英文写作的连贯性是指文章在表达内容上的一致性和流畅性。
在提高英文写作连贯性的过程中，可以从以下几个方面进行技巧的运用。
1. 使用适当的过渡词语过渡词语可以在文章中扮演连接句子和段落的角色，使得文章条理清晰、自然流畅。
在引言、转折、并列、比较等情况下，使用适当的过渡词语能够更好地链接上下文。
例如，使用“however”来引导转折，使用“in addition”来表示增加信息，使用“moreover”来表达进一步说明等。
正确运用过渡词语可以使文章的结构更加紧密，读者也能更轻松地理解文章的内容。
2. 运用语义重复和代词在文章中，可以通过使用语义重复或代词来引用前文提到过的内容，从而增强文章的连贯性。
通过重复关键词，读者可以更好地理解作者的观点和论证。
另外，在使用代词时要注意前后语境的一致性，以确保代词的指代清晰。
例如，当作者在前文提到“the research”，在后文可以用代词“it”来指代，以避免重复。
3. 运用并列句和分词短语并列句和分词短语可以使文章的语法更加复杂，但也更具连贯性。
通过使用并列句，不同的观点和论证可以并列呈现在文章中，显示作者的思维逻辑和辩证能力。
同时，分词短语的使用可以将相关信息合并在一句话中，减少重复和冗长。
例如，可以将两个句子“Tom is agood student. He always gets excellent grades.”合并成“Tom, a good student, always gets excellent grades.”这样既减少了重复，也使文章显得更加连贯。
4. 强调段落间的逻辑关系除了句子内部的连贯性，段落间的连接同样重要。
在不同段落之间使用适当的过渡句可以引导读者从一个观点过渡到另一个观点。
此外，使用适当的信号词可以明确段落之间的逻辑关系，如“因果关系”、“对比关系”、“顺承关系”等。
通过明确段落之间的关系，读者可以更好地理解文章整体的结构和论证。
托福写作如何巧妙使用连词并做到内在论证统一
托福写作如何巧妙使用连词并做到内在论证统一托福写作练习的过程中，重复堆叠简洁句或者不加连词直接过渡都会导致文章质量不高，奇异使用连词能让文章读起来更加顺畅。
下面我就和大家共享托福写作练习,希望能关怀到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
托福写作练习如何奇异使用连词并做到内在论证统一?一.托福写作中如何奇异使用连词任何形式的英语文章中都应当具备确定量的连接词(路标词)，因为它们是有助于读者顺利阅读的“导航坐标”;大多数考生在备考时也的确会预备一系列此类连接词，用于文章每个段落的段首;包括有表示“第一，第二，第三”等的连接词。
但是单纯有段首连接词还缺乏以支撑全文的结构，因此考生应当同时预备段中连接词，包括“比方说，因为，但是，相对比而言”等，粗略估计，全文完成下来可以到达15个以上的路标词，不仅承接了全文，结构清晰明了，而且也为时间紧急下的写作减轻了不少字数压力。
以下为常用连接词：第一：in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly第二：in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly第三：in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly一方面、另一方面：on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another 表缘由：because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to表结果：so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence表举例：for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate表承接：besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what’s more/ in addition/ additionally 表转折：but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless表比较对比: to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary当然，仅仅依靠连接词是缺乏以说明全文的连贯性的，适当的添加过渡句也是很好的承接手段，如Official Guide To The New TOEFL P263中有一篇关于DISHONESTY KILLS RELIABILITY 的5分范文中就有出现多处明显的段落过渡句，如第三段首“After stating that everyone’s opinion can be different about this, for me honesty, in other words, always telling…”用来承接上下两段，以引出自己的观点看法;第五段首“Although I would like to see altruistic, understanding, thoughtful and loyal behavior from people, an instance of the opposite…”等都明显具备良好的过渡功能，让全文更加流畅舒适，朗朗上口。
增强托福口语连贯性的六个原则
增强托福口语连贯性的六个原则连贯性是新托福口语评分标准中的一个非常重要的因素，如何增强托福口语连贯性呢?下面就一起来看看吧!一、运用总分总的结构Your listeners will understand your talk better if you organize what you say in a logical sequence or linear pattern. This means that you tell the listeners what you are going to talk about and then go through the points you want to make. The most common pattern of organization is outlined below:Introductory statementPoint 1Point 2Point 3Concluding statementAn example of this pattern is shown below:Breeding butterflies has many advantages for the collector.1. way of obtaining specimens2. spares can be released into the wild3. helps survival because butterflies have been protected from natural predatorsThe experience is a learning experience for the collector and a benefit to the species.二、运用连接词Connecting ideas by using transition words and phrases tells your listeners the relationship of one idea to the next. You can signal to your listener that you are going to put events in a sequence, add information, or make a comparison. You can signal that you want to emphasize or clarify a point. Using transition words and phrases helpsyour listener follow the flow of your ideas. Read the following example without transitional expressions:In my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. I understood those principles better by doing those experiments.These sentences would flow better if the speaker usedtransitional expressions as in the following example:In my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. As a result, I understood thoseprinciples better.三、解释或定义陌生概念In order to help your listeners understand, you may need to define a term that you use in your response. Read the following example:My hobby is telemark skiing.If the speaker does not define the term and listeners do not know what telemark skiing is, they might not understand the rest of the passage. Sometimes listeners can guess the meaning through the context of the passage, but sometimes they cannot. Here is the definition this speaker gave of telemark skiing:That means skiing using telemark skis.Even though the speaker defined telemark skiing, listeners still may not understand what it means because the speaker defined the term with the same word. To effectively define a word, use a three-part definition:1. State the word or phrase to be defined.2. Give the category that the word or phrase fits into.3. Tell how the word is different from other words that fit the same category.Read this example of an effective definition:Telemark is a type of alpine skiing in which the boots are connected to the skis only atthe toes, so traditional skiing techniques have to be modified.四、正确使用平行结构Your listener can understand the flow of your ideas better if you use parallel structures when you speak. Read the following incorrect example:My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivating the students.The listener may be confused because the speaker has mixed different grammatical structures. Does the speaker mean My teacher gave interesting and motivating assignments to the students'? In this sentence, interesting and motivating are parallel adjectives. Or does the speaker mean My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivated the students? In this sentence, gave and motivated are parallel verbs.五、对关键词进行替换或同义转换When a speaker keeps repeating a word or phrase, listeners can get confused. Read the following example:My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. The assignment was on the chalkboard until the teacher erased the assignment after we had all done the assignment.This speaker's ideas would be clearer if the repeated words were replaced with other expressions or with pronouns. Look at the way this example can be improved:My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. She erased the board after we had all completed the task.The word assignment has been replaced with task; the word teacher with she; and the word chalkboard with board.六、时态、人称和数量的统一Your listener can get confused if you are not consistent. Look at the following example:My teacher brought five paper bags to school one day. He put us into groups and gave each group a bag. You have to take the objects out of the bags in turn and then a person has to tell a story involving the object from the bag.The listener may get confused by the change from the past tense to the present tense, and the change from us to you and then to a person. The listener might also be confused by the change from the plural form objects and bags to the singular forms object and bag.The listener could follow this speaker's ideas better if the speaker were consistent. Look at the way this example can be improved:One day my teacher put us into five different groups. He gave each group a bag and told us to take turns pulling out an object and telling the other members of the group a story involving that object.。
(完整版)托福写作新题型读后续写技巧突破
(完整版)托福写作新题型读后续写技巧突
破
（完整版）托福写作新题型读后续写技巧突破
引言：
托福写作部分的新题型——读后续写，对于考生来说可能是一个新的挑战。
在此文档中，我们将探讨几种突破读后续写题目的技巧，帮助考生取得更好的成绩。
1. 仔细阅读原文：
在写作过程中，首先要仔细阅读给出的原文，确保对内容和观点有充分的理解。
理解了原文后，你才能更好地连接上下文，进行续写。
2. 抓住中心思想：
读完原文后，抓住其核心思想是非常重要的。
了解作者的观点和论点，将有助于你在续写中保持一致性和逻辑性。
3. 扩展原文观点：
在续写中，不仅要再现原文观点，还要给予更多细节、例子和
论证。
通过丰富和发展原文的观点，可以展示你的深入思考和扩展
能力。
4. 使用合适的词汇和句型：
为了增强你的写作表达，需要使用多样的词汇和句型。
通过研
究并灵活运用同义词、形容词、副词和连接词，可以使你的续写更
加生动和流畅。
5. 维持逻辑结构：
在续写中，要注意保持良好的逻辑结构，确保观点间的连贯性
和过渡。
使用清晰的段落结构和转换词语来帮助读者理解你的思路。
6. 做好时间管理：
托福写作时间有限，所以在练中要注意时间的分配。
练时可以
尝试给自己设定一个时间限制，并在规定的时间内完成续写，这样
可以帮助你在考试时更好地控制时间。
结论：
通过以上几种技巧，你可以更好地应对托福写作中的读后续写题目。
记住，要在练习中不断提升自己的写作能力，并结合实际题目进行训练，这样才能在考试中取得更好的成绩。
如何应对高考英语写作连贯性问题
如何应对高考英语写作连贯性问题在高考英语写作中，连贯性是指文章的组织结构、段落之间的逻辑关系、以及句子之间的流畅性。
一篇连贯性好的文章能够使读者容易理解作者的观点，并且给人留下深刻的印象。
然而，许多学生在写作过程中往往忽视了连贯性问题，导致文章内容混乱、逻辑不清。
为了帮助学生应对高考英语写作中的连贯性问题，本文将从以下几个方面提出建议。
一、明确文章主题和结构在开始写作之前，首先要明确文章的主题。
主题是文章的灵魂，全文内容应围绕主题展开。
为了提高文章的连贯性，建议采用“总-分-总”的写作结构，即在文章开头简要介绍主题，然后详细阐述观点，最后在结尾部分总结全文。
二、合理划分段落合理划分段落是保证文章连贯性的重要手段。
每个段落应包含一个主要观点，段落之间应保持逻辑关系。
一般来说，每个段落的长度应在100-150词左右。
在写作过程中，注意遵循“主题句-支持句-结论句”的段落结构，使文章条理更加清晰。
三、使用过渡词语过渡词语是连接句子、段落和文章的纽带，能够使文章读起来更加连贯。
在高考英语写作中，过渡词语的使用应恰到好处。
常见的过渡词语有：•表示因果关系的词语：because, therefore, thus, as a result;•表示对比关系的词语：however, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary;•表示递进关系的词语：furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides;•表示时间关系的词语：firstly, secondly, next, finally, meanwhile, later, soon, eventually;•表示条件关系的词语：if, unless, provided that, in case, on condition that.四、保持句子结构的一致性在写作过程中，保持句子结构的一致性对于文章的连贯性至关重要。
托福写作段落衔接的五种方法
托福写作段落衔接的五种方法具有逻辑清晰的托福写作结构是托福作文高分的第一步，托福写作框架的搭建、段落的衔接有很多形式，包括例证、因果等等。
下面就介绍一下托福写作段落衔接的五种结构，希望能教给大家一些托福写作技巧。
托福写作段落衔接的五种方法段落的实现⑴例证法每个理由后面必须同时有例子每篇文章至少两个例子提出论点-列举事例-分析事例-得出结论-(重述论点)我认为-因为我觉得-比如说-你看举例之后一定要强调这样的例子不胜枚举。
Abraham Lincoln⑵因果法提出论点-原因-分析条件(如果这样会有什么好处/坏处，而这正是我们所需要/担心的)-得出结果Lead to/result inresult fromBecause of/due to/thanks to/owing to/by reason of/on account ofFor 表示“因为”时不能放在句首Because/for/since/asAs a result/outcome/consequence ofIn consequence/in the end/consequentlyTherefore/thereby/hence/thus(副词)So(连词)⑶ 比较对照法(整体、分项比较)整体比较的好处：写起来容易整体印象完整缺点：两者对比不鲜明分项比较的好处：两者对比特别鲜明缺点：零碎的印象，大量的重复Interweave 交织⑷ 分类法/并列法总论点分论点一在A方面在B方面在C方面分论点二分论点三⑸定义法衔接手段使用连接词和短语(表示并列、转折、递进、因果、比较、对照、举例)使用代词使用语意粘连举例：同意建工厂常用词汇和结构表示第一项Firstly, to begin/start with, first of all, in the first place, on the one hand, the most important reason is, first and foremost 另一项secondly, in the second place, on the other hand, besides, further more, additionally, in addition, moreover, equally important is, also, too, another最后一项 last but not the least, most important of all, finally, thirdly, another point/reason题型分类：⑴观点选择给出两个对立观点或者一个观点的对立两个方面，要求支持其中一个观点或者观点的一个方面。
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2020年托福写作中连贯性之起承转合
托福写作中千万不可忽略“coherence”连贯性。
若文章是一幢高耸的大楼，那连贯性便是砖瓦之间的水泥，楼层之间的钢筋。
砖瓦好比文章的字词和句子，楼层好比文章的段落，而水泥和钢筋就好比是连接词。
试想，若是文章没有连接词，必会失去连贯性，导致文散意散。
需要强调的是，连贯不但是简简单单的段落之间的衔接，句与句之间的连贯也不可小觑。
否则，会“因小失大”，造成“失局部，毁全文”。
以如下一小段为例：
学生写作原文：
English becomes more important.All of us know the
fact.Our society is more open to the world.But it is
difficult to learn.I have learned English for seven years.But I still cannot command it well.Because English is different from Chinese.And we haven't an environment.
虽然表意清晰，但这段文字成了简单句的堆积，使得句子支离破碎，语义缺少连贯，句型没有变化。
请看修改过后的版本：
It is well known that English has become increasingly important，especially to a society more open to the outside world. It is difficult, however, to have a better command of it although I have learned English for 7 years--because of
its complete difference from Chinese and of the lack of an English-speaking environment.
对比这两个版本，能够看到：同样的意思，文字的质量却完全不
一样。
第二个版本语义连贯有层次。
第一个版本完全是按照中文的表
达方式来写的。
中国人写英语文章通常是先用中文构思，再用英文表达，其实就
是翻译的过程，但在翻译过程中不可忽略中英文的差异，逐字逐句地
翻译。
这段英文的中文思路为：
英语越来越重要，这是众所周知的。
如今的社会越来越开放。
但
是英语很难学。
我学英语学了七年，但我仍旧学不好，因为中英差别大，而且我们没有学语言的环境。
版本一的英文语言表达完全符合中文表达习惯。
中文表达虽句式
较散，但不影响语意。
不过若在英文写作中仍旧这样表达，便会造成“中式英语”，表达生硬，不地道。
那么为何中英表达有此差异呢?究其原因，在于中英的思维方式，
从而造成语言形式的差异。
英语是“形合”(hypotaxis)，而中文是
“意合”(parataxis)。
简言之，汉语的句法特征是意合，强调逻辑关
联与意义关联，不在意词语之间和句际之间的形式衔接，语意上的关
联是隐含的。
与之相反，英语的句法特征则是形合，强调形式与功能，句子成分之间的关系要求用具体地形式标记表明。
英语名词的性、数、格、谓语动词的时态与语态，主句与从句之间的关系代词、关系副词
和连词，都行使其语法功能并起着纽带作用，将句子各成分衔接在一起。
所以，英文在语言形式上更有逻辑。
那么在英文写作中务必要用
明确的连接词，转承词来体现句与句之间，段与段之间的语义逻辑。
英语注重形式联系而汉语强调语义达意。
英语句子的主谓一定要
齐全，句子里若不出现主语(祈使句除外)则被视为不完整句子，是错句。
英语中连词的使用频度很高，是不可省略的。
但是，汉语句子只
要上下文逻辑清楚，句子里往往省略主语。
此外，汉语中的连词可隐
可现。
以连词举例说明。
例如：“你不做，我做”，这句话能够根据语境来体现多种逻辑关系。
1. 因果关系：(因为)你不做，(所以)我(来)做。
2. 假设关系：(如果)你不做，我(会)做(的)。
3. 让步关系：(即使)你不做(的话)，我(也会)做;
4. 转折关系：你不做，(但是)我(会)做。
如果定为让步关系，中文可表达为“即使你不做，我也会做。
”不过，英语要有具体的表让步关系的连接词体现逻辑关系，even if you don’t do it, I will do it anyway. 对于汉语来说是“no context, no text”，即没有语境，便没有语义。
上述汉语例句说明汉语句的逻辑关系既可借助于连词，也可隐去连词。
但汉语文法自古有崇尚简洁之说，故常常隐去。
不过英文万万不可忽略。
中文写作讲究起承转合，追根溯源，这个说法出自元代范德玑的《诗格》：“作诗有四法：起要平直，承要舂容，转要变化，合要渊水。
”。
起”是起因，实行引入;“承”是事件的过程，起到推动作用;“转”指转折;“合”指总结。
同样，英文写作的连贯性也可简要总结为“起承转合”这四方面。
托福写作的连贯性同样遵循“起承转合”。
作者特此做了梳理和总结，以便考生在托福考试中使用。
下面依次详述。
1.“起”是指在文章中引入背景，引入话题，以及引出主题句。
具体有以下一系列词，可供使用。
at present/Nowadays/Currently当前，当今
如。