过去分词作定语及表语
过去分词作定语和表语
Anyone invited to watch Olympics will 任何一个被
邀请的人
feel excited.
注意2
The ground is
covered with
fallen ______leaves. eg: retired workers the risen flag
V-ing 与V-ed 作定语的区别
Today is sep11th, 11 years ago today, a
piece of frightening news hit the world.
Terrorists (恐怖分子) attacked the
Pentagon(五角大楼) in America. Now this ruined place has been replaced by a more beautiful building. But people still feel frightened thinking of that terrible
He comes from a developed country, America. (发达的)
He comes from America, which is a developed country ___________________.
八金王菲尔普斯
Practice 1 回首北京 The 29th Olympics (在北京举办的) held in Beijing
系动词也有多种形式 become, seem, be, remain, stay 等。
高考曾考过： 1. Please remain _____ until the plane has come to a
必修5unit1过去分词作定语或表语
过去分词作定语或表语【教学内容】过去分词作定语或表语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作定语或表语时的不同用法【教学重难点】过去分词作定语或表语的用法、过去分词和动词的-ing形式和不定式的区别【教学过程】▼动词的-ed形式的句法功能一、作表语动词的-ed形式作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的-ed形式作表语例：1.The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
2.All the people present were already seated. Waiting for the conference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议的开始。
B.形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语注：动词的-ed形式作表语表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very修饰。
例：1.Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA明星感兴趣。
2.I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑的这么快，我非常惊讶。
【随即随练】翻译1.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
He looked worried after reading the letter.2.商店关门了。
The shop is closed.3.她对那个故事感兴趣。
She is interested in the story.4.她觉得困惑甚至有点害怕。
She felt confused,and even frightened.二、作定语动词的-ed形式作定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。
A.置于被修饰词的前面单个的-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义。
高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语
高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语发布时间：2006-10-10 13:41:00 | 信息来源： | 浏览：过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。
过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。
过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。
有时也不表示时间性。
作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。
例如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。
不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。
例如：fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人the risen sun 升起的太阳注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。
例如：We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。
例如：They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
例如：The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。
过去分词作定语和表语(共29张PPT)
体 育 教 研 组 学期工 作计划 汇报 一 、 指 导 思 想:
体 育 教 研 组 将进一 步树立 “健康 第一” 指导思 想,以学 校本学 期工作 目标为导向,求 真 务 实 ,切 实 落实三 大主题 与四个 关键字 ,(即师 德提升 年、师 能建设 年、质 量科研 年 。 禁 、 谨 、情和 我。)认 真完成 学校安 排的各 项工作 ,推动 学校体 育工作 有效高
上 a,5-8节 为 b,1-4节 为 c,听 课 少于 12节不 得分。 2、 特 色 板 块 。
主 题 构 建 ,定 期开进 行教科 研活动 ,为老师 提供学 习交流 的平台 。开展对同一个教学
used as
1. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.
1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
(1) 在句中的位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词前面；
a broken heart 一颗破碎的心
the risen sun a lost child
语法过去分词作表语、定语、补语
一名逃跑的囚
3. 过去分词作定语
位置
English is a widely used language. This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的 前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰 词的后面。
2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和／ 或完成意义。
We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago．
我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
现在分词和过去分 词做定语，有何区 别呢？
区别
1. The woman ____a lesson is our teacher.
A. giving
B. given
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。
小试
1. Did you attend the meeting ___C___yesterday?
A. to be held
B. having been held
C. held
D. being held
2. I borrowed a book __A____ by Mark Twain from
Book 5 Unit 1 Grammar
过分做表语、定语、补语
1. 过去做定语
1. 惊恐的人们 2. 被污染的水 3. 拥挤的教室 4. 打碎的花瓶 5. 关了的门
1. terrified /astonished people 2. polluted water 3. a crowded room 4. a broken vase 5. a closed door
B5U1 语法-过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词做表语、定语
Revision V-ing form
一、动词-ing形式作表语
1 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the classroom as clean as possible. (= Keeping the classroom as clean as possible is her job) 2 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一 个形容词） The story is quite interesting. This book is very boring.
位置
一、作定语修饰名词或代词 1、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，过 去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面.
•1.The encouraged people are excited. •2. The broken cup is thrown away. •3. I want to write stories about people addicted to drugs. •4. We are studying in a school built 70 years ago.
The news is exciting. We were excited to hear it.
二、作表语 1、表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多 动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如： disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。
The window is broken. 窗户碎了。
Don’t get so excited. 别这么激动。
过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语精讲
过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语精讲过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过去分词：表示完成和被动的动作，具有形容词.副词的作用主要形式：done,have done, had done可作成分：定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语1.定语: 表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,或指一个动作的完成。
1）单一过去分词做定语——被修饰的名词之前（除了不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody ，those... ）E.g. It was the lost cat.=It was the cat which had lost.Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.2）过去分词短语作定语——被修饰的名词之后单个过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句E.g. People addicted to drugs are dangerous.=People who are addicted to drugs are dangerous.This is a novel written by Luxun.=This is a novel which is written byLuxun.【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。
过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。
More examples:They reduced the number of animals used in experiments.他们减少了用于试验的动物数量What' s the language spoken in that country? 那个国家讲的是什么语言？Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？They are problems left over by history? 他们是历史遗留下来的问题Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green. 突然出现一个穿绿衣服的青年女子注意：过去分词和现在分词作定语一样，它的完成时( have done, had done) 不能做定语。
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(19张PPT)
小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied
behind his back.
二、 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。 如： The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
He is retired. 他已退休。
No wonder he was so excited. 【注意】现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别： 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质和特征，意为“令人…的”, 具有主动含义，意味着“起这种作用”
感人的电影 被感动的观众
正在烧(煮沸)的水 已煮沸的水 反展中国家 发达国家 落叶(正在进行) 落叶(已经完成)
•9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2021/8/302021/8/30Monday, August 30, 2021 •10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/308/30/2021 5:20:46 AM •11、只有让学生不把全部时间都用在学习上，而留下许多自由支配的时间，他才能顺利地学习……（这）是教育过程的逻辑。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/30Aug-2130-Aug-21 •12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2021/8/302021/8/302021/8/30Monday, August 30, 2021
Stephenson’s invention made all of us surprised.
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过去分词作定语及表语
1 构成:
v +ed 或不规则的变化动词
Page 104-106
2 过去分词本身的含义: 被动或完成
a broken heart a lost dog a ploughed field
a risen sun a grown-up daughter
an escaped prisoner a retired general
faded colors
①不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成
fallen leaves 落叶
returned students 归国留学生
newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人
②及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。
(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系)
the cold boiled water 冷开水
a developed country
※与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系
①过去分词的一般式(已经完成的)
The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home.
②不定式的被动式(即将发生的)
The patient to be operated on is Mr. Smith.
③-ing 的被动式(正在进行的)being done
The patient being operated on is Mr. Smith.
The patient having been operated on is Mr. Smith.(×)
→The patient operated on is Mr. Smith.(√)
过去分词作定语
a.过去分词作定语，具有形容词的性质。
一般说来：
单个过去分词或adv.-p.p作前置定语:
He is a respected leader.
a recently-built house
home-grown vegetables
man-made fibers
过去分词短语作后置定语:
Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitt er life in the old days.
b.作定语时可用定语从句代替
He is a respected leader.
= He is a leader__________________.
Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.
= Y ong people _________________
_____________________can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.
1.Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices .
A. are bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying
2. The first text books ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century .
A.Having written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
3. With everything she needed _____, the lady went home happily .
A bought
B to be bought
C buying
D being bought
4. The Olympic Games , _________in 776BC , did not include women players until 1912.
A first playing
B to be first played
C first played
D to be first playing
5. The matter ______at the next meeting is very important .
A discussed
B being discussed
C to be discussed
D be discussed
6. The girl _____ in red is my second daughter.
A. dressing
B. dressed herself
C. dressed
D. is dressing
7. I couldn’t underst and the language _______ in that country.
A. to speak
B. speaking
C. to be spoken
D. spoken
8. The ground is _____ with ______ leaves.
A. covering, falling
B. covered, falling
C. covered, fallen
D. covering, fallen
过去分词作表语
She looked worried.
I am interested in the book.
He was lost in thought.
The door remained locked.
be动词和系动词
1、be 动词
2、表示变化的动词:become, get, turn,
go, grow等
3、感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste,
sound等
4、还有seem, appear, stay, keep,
remain, turn out等
有的已成为固定搭配：
be covered with 被……覆盖
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
be caught in the rain 被雨淋
be separated from 从……分离
be interested in 对…感兴趣
be absorbed in 专心致志于
系表结构和被动结构
This lake is badly polluted .
This lake is badly polluted by a paper mill .
系表结构表示主语所处的状态,
被动语态则表示主语所承受的动作.
1.As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
A. separated
B. spared
C. lost
D. missed
2. Cleaning women in the big cities get _____ by the hour .
A. pay
B. paying
C. paid
D. to pay
过去分词的基本特点：
1.从语态上讲：过去分词一般表被动。
2.从时态上讲：过去分词表示已经完成的动作；
表示被动意义的主动结构
1.某些连系动词,如smell; taste; feel; sound; prove等
Cotton feels soft. (adj.)
2.某些用来表示主语内在品质或性能的及物动词,如shut; open; move; read; write; sell; wash; clean; catch; draw; cut; photograph等
The book sells well. (adv.)
3.某些表”发生(happen/take place), 爆发(break out) 和传播(spread)”的不及物动词
4. 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时
He had an important meeting to attend.
5.在be＋adj.＋to do
English is difficult to learn.
6. be to blame/seek/let
The house is to let.这房子是要出租的.
The cause is not far to seek.原因不难找到.
I felt I was to blame, too.我觉得我也应受责备.
7.sth. need/want/require doing
8.be worth doing。