英语拓展阅读

Left brain, meet right brain. Go forth and prosper. That could be the new formula for a successful career.

大脑“左右开弓”，职场平步青云。这可能是事业成功的最新秘诀。

Here's why. The human brain, that extraordinary computer, is divided into two hemispheres, each responsible for different skill sets. The left brain is popularly associated with logic and analytic thought; the right, with intuition and creativity. But many of the good jobs of the future, according to some employment experts, will require being good at using both sides of the brain.

原因何在？作为超级电脑的人脑分为左右两个部分，各自掌管不同的技能组合。左脑通常与逻辑和分析思维有关，右脑则与直觉和创意相联。但一些就业专家预测，未来，许多高薪工作将要求熟练运用左右两边的大脑。

To some extent, that future is already here. Jobs that tap both technical and creative thinking include mobile-app developers and bioinformaticians, and represent some of the fastest-growing and highest-paying occupations, according to a new report from Burning GlassTechnologies, a labor-market analytics firm in Boston.

在某种意义上，这个未来已经来临。位于波士顿的劳动力市场分析公司Burning Glass Technologies的最新报

告显示，一些技术性强、同时会用到创造性思维的工作是所有职业中增长最快、薪酬最高的，这类职业包括移动应用程序开发人员和生物信息学家。

The company analyzed millions of job postings to better understand the skills employers are seeking. What they discovered was that many employers want workers with experience in such new capabilities as big-data gathering and analytics, or design using digital technology. Such roles often require not only familiarity with advanced computer programs but also creative minds to make use of all the data.

为了更好地了解雇主的技能需求，这家公司分析了数百万份职位招聘信息。他们发现，许多雇主都希望员工具备如今的一些新技能或是在这方面拥有经验，例如大数据收集与分析、利用数字技术进行设计，等等。这些工作不仅要求应聘者熟悉高级计算机程序，还要在运用数据的过程中发挥创意。

Burning Glass came up with the term “hybridjobs”to describe these kinds of positions, which require skills not normally found together. For example, these hybrid jobs might requir e people with skills in data science and advertising, or engineering and sales. “The jobs of the future don't involve just one skill,”says Matt Sigelman, chief executive of Burning Glass. “There's a breadth of skills that will be needed.”

Burning Glass创造了新词“复合型职业”来描述此类工作，这种职业要求的技能组合是之前并不多见的。例如这些复合型职业需要同时具备数据科学和广告知识，或者同时具有工程和销售背景。“未来的工作不单是涉及某一项技能，”Burning Glass首席执行长赛格曼表示。“它需要你掌握一系列技能。”

What's more, hybrid jobs pay more than positions that call for a traditional constellation of skills. For example, a typical marketing manager earns $71,000, according to the Burning Glass report. But a marketing manager with fluency in SQL, a database program, earns a 41% premium over that, with an average annual salary of $100,000. A customer-service manager who knows customer-relationship-management software can bump up his or her earnings by 22%, to $60,000 from $49,000.

此外，相比起那些只需掌握传统技能的职位，复合职位的薪水也更高。举例而言，Burning Glass的报告显示，一位普通营销经理的年薪为71,000美元，而如果一位营销经理熟悉操作数据库的编程语言SQL，其薪酬将上涨41%，平均年收入达到10万美元。客户服务经理若能熟练运用客户关系管理软件，他/她的收入将增加22%，从4.9万美元涨至6万美元。

In many cases, the premium comes to those in right-brain jobs that develop technical skills to supplement creative or social skills.

许多情况下，能够涨薪的都是从事右脑型工作的人，除了具备创造性技能或社交技能之外，他们还会培养自己的技术性技能，以此对前者构成补充。

For those who start out on the technical side of the labor market, the payoff for adding social or creative skills can also be large. An engineer who sharpens her sales skills and becomes a consulting engineer for a software company, working closely with business clients, can more than do uble her earnings from a $180,000 salary to a commission-heavy haul of $400,000 or more, says Tim Lockwood, who recruits software engineers for New York City companies through talent agency Grow Recruiting.对以技术型职业起步的人而言，培养社交或创造性技能，也可以带来丰厚的回报。猎头公司Grow Recruiting 的洛克伍德专为纽约企业猎寻软件工程师，他指出，如果一名工程师提高销售技能，在软件公司成为了与企业客户密切交流的顾问型工程师，那么她的薪资可以增长一倍以上，从18万美元涨至40万美元，甚至更多，涨薪的主要来源是佣金抽成。

People in hybrid jobs are also less likely to become professionally obsolete. Highly hybridized jobs have only 12% risk of being automated, compared with a 42% risk for jobs overall, says Burning Glass. 除了薪资上的优势，复合型人才在专业上被淘汰的风险也要更低。Burning Glass指出，高度复合型职业被自动化取代的风险仅为12%，而整体职业市场的风险达到42%。

While the competencies required for hybridjobs aren't necessarily new, Mr. Sigelman says, what is new is the marriage of skill sets that previously weren't learned in tandem. Universities in many cases are already teaching all the necessary skills, but at the moment most students are trained “in pretty vertical ways,”he says, meaning people learn one discipline as though it exists separately from other disciplines. Educational institutions must “think outside of existing program boundaries,”the Burning Glass report says.

赛格曼还说，复合型职业要求的技能并不一定是新颖的技能，它只是需要将之前很少会同时学习的几项技能组合在一起，这一点才是它的新颖之处。他指出，很多大学已经在传授各种必备技能，但眼下，大部分学生的学

习方式是“高度垂直”的，也就是说，他们在学习某个学科时，就好像这门学科是完全独立于其他学科的。Burning Glass的报告指出，教育机构必须“跳出现有的课程体系来思考”。

One note of concern, Mr. Sigelman adds: Hybrid jobs are typically not entry-level roles, so they are available mainly to workers who have some years of experience and, crucially, additional training beyond college or an associate degree. That means workers, employers and educational institutions will have to figure out how to more systematically prepare individuals for these roles.

赛格曼还谈到，需要注意的是，复合型工作通常都不是入门级别的，因此这些工作主要适合那些拥有一定工作经验的从业者，以及至关重要的一点，需要他们在取得大学或专科文凭之后再接受额外的培训。这意味着，员工、用人单位和教育机构都要思考，如何才能针对这些职位进行更加系统的准备。

“Lifelong learning is essential,”says the report. “Since these roles are hard to fill and often are only a few skills away from traditional roles, businesses may find greater efficiency in training up existing workers than in trying to hire afresh.”

“终身学习非常重要，”报告指出。“由于这些职位很难招聘，而且与传统职位相比，往往只需增加几项技能即可，因此企业可能会发现，相比起招聘新人，为现有员工提供培训将更加高效。”