高中英语七选五专题：第1讲

高考英语七选五专题

第1讲

1. 掌握本篇七选五中出现的高频词及长难句。

2. 掌握七选五的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇七选五中运用到的解题技巧。

3. 通过七选五高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及七选五解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种七选五习题。

知识篇

“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于七选五高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？

高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

单词/短语词义及词性拓展掌握情况

优良差unnecessary adj. 不必要的；多余的，无用的un 否定前缀

risk n. 风险；危险；冒险

vt. 冒…的危险

risky adj.危险的;冒险的

at risk处于危险中

七选五

名师点拨

知识篇方法篇

语篇精讲

浏览选项通读文章逐题分析精讲笔记

能力提升

基础篇提高篇

名师点拨教学目标

长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

1. As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.（优?良?差?）

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

句意：随着这种冒险品质一代又一代的相传，人类最终形成了冒险精神和对风险的忍耐。

本句涉及高频句型：①. “end up with”，意为“结束；以...而结束”；

②. “a sense of ...”，意为“...的感觉”，后常接名词。例如：a sense of humor 幽默感a sense of belonging 归属感

a sense of direction 方向感

2. For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.（优?良?差?）

_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意：对于寻找风险者来说，大脑中与快乐相关的部分变得活跃起来，而对于我们当中剩下的人来说，大脑中与恐惧相关的部分变得活跃起来。

本句由表示对比的连词“while”连接的并列句，两个分句中的“related to pleasure” 和“related to fear”都是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“a part of the brain”。

方法篇

七选五主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握（《考试说明》），因此在做题过程中是有方法可寻的。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了七选五的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？

一、七选五解题步骤(四步走)

二、七选五解题技巧

在七选五题型中，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。设空类型主要包括主旨句、过渡性句子、细节注释性句子。正确选项与空格前后句子关系紧密，主要依赖句子之间的衔接关系进行选择。主要有词汇衔接、逻辑衔接和结构衔接。

语篇精讲

浏览选项

（抓住选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）

通读文章

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking.1Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.2As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.

5 For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

Ａ．It all depends on your character.

Ｂ．Those are the risks you should jump to take.

Ｃ．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

Ｄ．Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

Ｅ．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

Ｆ．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

Ｇ．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

逐题分析

语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇寻求风险的议论文，主要议论了人类对于风险追求的本源和不同人对其的不同反应等。

1. 解析：本题考查的是过渡句。可以运用同词复现，上句提到“weigh the risk and the reward”, F选项也出现。上句提到值得冒险，而下句说有些活动让一些人感到享受，却让另一些人害怕。

答案：F

2.解析：本题考查的是过渡句。可以运用代词指示，上句提到“hunting, fighting or exploring”，C选项中有“those things”指代上文内容，此外，这里也有词汇复现“being better at”

答案：C

3.解析：本题考查的是细节。可以运用代词指示。由本段可知“人类形成了各种各样的性格类型，你喜欢或者不喜欢某项冒险活动，这都取决于你的性格特点”。最后一句总结本段得出主旨。

答案：A

4.解析：本题考查的是细节题。可以运用代词指示。属于上文提到“对冒险活动的热爱在青少年时期有所增长”，空格处是对“青少年”的解释。

答案：E

5.解析：本题考查的是细节题。可以运用段首主题句。本选项设在段首，是关键词，关键词“differently”，解释下文出现了“一部分人头脑中的兴奋区活跃，另一部分人恐惧区活跃”这种“不同”的反应的比较。

答案：G

精讲笔记

（学生在教师的指导下, 回顾本讲中积累的七选五的知识和方法）

能力提升

基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译★

二、句子英汉互译★★ 1. 聚会最终以音乐而结束。

____________________________________________________________________________________.

2.

当汤姆旅行时，他很没有方向感。

____________________________________________________________________________________. 3. If you do that, you will end up with egg on your face.

____________________________________________________________________________________. 4.The occurrence of the disease is apparently related to standards of hygiene(卫生).

____________________________________________________________________________________. 5. Candida is the most interesting character in the play.

____________________________________________________________________________________. 6. One character will have several meanings.

____________________________________________________________________________________.

阅读练习

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements i n human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities （机会）for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__

Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.

D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.

参考答案基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译

二、句子英汉互译。

1. The party ended up with the music.

2. When Tom is traveling, he hasn’t a sense of direction.

3. 如果你那样做，你将会以羞耻而结束。

4. 疾病的出现很明显和卫生标准有关。

5. 一个人汉字可能有好几种意思。

阅读练习

1. B

2. C

3. A

4. E

5. G