Yztddv新东方日语网络教程讲义1
新版标日1课件

新版标日1课件《新版标日1》是一套日语入门教材,旨在为学生提供基础的语法知识和词汇,以便能够用简单的日语进行日常交流。
本课件将介绍《新版标日1》第一课的相关内容,包括教材概述、学习目标、课文内容和练习题目等。
一、教材概述《新版标日1》共分为12个单元,每个单元包含两课,共计24课。
本教材的特点是融合了日本文化和语言学习,课文内容涉及日本的传统节日、风俗习惯、名胜古迹等。
同时,本教材还结合了现代化的视听材料和互动式练习,在学习基本语法和词汇的同时,提高学生的听力和口语能力。
二、学习目标第一课的学习目标是让学生掌握基本的日语问候语和介绍方式,并能够简单介绍自己、问别人姓名。
此外,还要求学生熟悉平假名的发音和书写,并能够通过练习掌握基本的日语句型和语法。
三、课文内容第一课的课文主要包括以下几个方面:1. 日语的基本问候语:学生学习了日语中的“お早うございます”、“こんにちは”、“こんばんは”等基本问候语,在课文中通过视听材料的演示和练习,掌握了这些问候语的使用方法和场合。
2. 自我介绍:学生学习了如何用简单的日语自我介绍,包括姓名、国籍、居住地等信息。
3. 他人介绍:学生学习了如何用日语介绍别人,包括姓名、职业、国籍等信息。
4. 日语的数字:学生学习了日语中的数字,并能够简单应用到日常生活中。
5. 平假名的发音和书写:学生学习了平假名的基本发音规律和书写方法,并通过练习掌握了部分平假名的读写能力。
四、练习题目第一课的练习题目主要包括以下几个方面:1. 问候语的操练:学生通过练习,掌握各类基本问候语的使用方法。
2. 自我介绍和他人介绍的练习:学生通过练习,掌握如何简单而准确地用日语自我介绍和介绍他人。
3. 数字的练习:学生通过听、说、读、写的练习,掌握日语数字的基本用法。
4. 平假名的练习:学生通过听、说、读、写的练习,掌握平假名的基本发音规律和书写方法,并能够应用到日常生活中。
五、总结总之,《新版标日1》第一课的内容涵盖了日语的基本问候语、自我介绍、他人介绍、数字和平假名等方面。
新东方CET4(新题型)套装课程官方讲义

新CET-4综合电子讲义第一课时开场白综合测试:完型填空或改错文章简答或句子翻译完型填空改错一天至少要背100个单词早晨50个,晚上50个重复在阅读中记忆单词单词一、记单词的方法(不择手段记单词)1、编故事family, innocent, schedule, screamquality - quantityadopt - adaptash/bush/cash/abash/crash/clash/smash2、加减1-3个字母,找熟悉的单词编故事generate, generalaccount, appointment, attention, arrangementtake into account = take into considerationaccount foron account ofcountcount in 把...算在内count out 把...不算在内count up 总计throughgo through 浏览,贯穿read through 浏览through 使病人等等度过困难期或危险期overcome over 从远处走过来fly over 从远处飞过来pullpull out 拔掉,拔出;使车辆、船等等驶出、滑出pull through 帮助病人恢复知觉或康复pull up 使车辆等等停下来pull over 使车船等等闪到一边3、根据单词的读音即谐音式记单词curse + atsentimentalefficientreluctant = unwillingambitionarbitrary4、词根、词缀记单词re:= againreview, revisit, revise= backreturn, reject, reverseen:enable, enrich, enlargeentitleentitle sb. to do sth.entitle sb. to sth.trans:transport, transplant, transform, transfertransmittransmission5、记忆单词生活化robust = very strongrejoice 轻松,高兴,快乐breeze 微风轻拂printtransaction 交易withdraw = take back 收回,取回deposit 存款buckle upsuper supremeingredient6、联想式记忆单词spot - spitspan - spinfierce - pierce第二课时二、常考的高频单词字母排列顺序1、出现频率特别高a: ab-/abs-/ac-/ad-/ag-/af-/as-s: sub-/subs-t: trans-/te-/tr-c: con-/com-/co-/col-/cor-r: re-i: im-/in-/ir-/il-b:p: pre-/pro-e: ex-/en-d: dis-/de-2、从来不考的xyzjkq三、词汇测试重点1、同义词和近义词辨析read 看书watch 看电视、足球比赛see 看电影、戏剧look at 看黑板vacant 暂时没有充满而空;暂时没有占用而空bare 土地光秃秃的blank 因为没写字而空hollow 空心的- soild(反)empty 空空如也的2、形相近、意相远词的辨析con-consequently 结果是continuously 不断地,连续不停地constantly 始终如一地consistently 一贯地3、动词词组及动词短语4、介词短语完形填空一、完形填空考什么?1、词汇1)单词a)四个不相干词辨析b)同义词、近义词辨析c)形近词辨析2)词组a)四个不相干动词词组的辨析b)相同动词+不同介、副词的辨析c)不同动词+相同介、副词的辨析d)固定搭配2、语法3、上下文的逻辑关系1)词汇2)语法二、完形填空解题方法1、运用语篇知识解题1)利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息第三课时Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It's the one _51_ the teacher standing in the schoolroom door _52_ goodbye to students for the summer and calling _53_ them, "By the way, we won World War II."The problem with the joke, of course, is that it's _54_ funny. The recent surveys on _55_ illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb(令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even _56_ which countries the United States _57_ against in that war. One third have no _58_ when the Declaration of Independence was _59_. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly _60_ the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. _61_ when they get the answers right, some are _62_ guessing.Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be _63_ connected to loss of international _64_. But it does affect our future _65_ a democratic nation and as individuals.The _66_ news is that there is growing agreement _67_ what is wrong with the _68_ of history and what needs to be _69_ to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性的) _70_ yet to be felt in most classrooms.51. [A] about [B] in [C] for [D] by52. [A] shaking [B] waving [C] nodding [D] speaking53. [A] in [B] after [C] for [D] up54. [A] rarely [B] so [C] too [D] not55. [A] historical [B] educational [C] cultural [D] political56. [A] distinguish [B] acknowledge [C] identify [D] convey57. [A] defeated [B] attacked [C] fought [D] struck58. [A] sense [B] doubt [C] reason [D] idea59. [A] printed [B] signed [C] marked [D] edited60. [A] place [B] judge [C] get [D] lock61. [A] Even [B] Though [C] Thus [D] So62. [A] hardly [B] just [C] still [D] ever63. [A] exclusively [B] practically [C] shortly [D] directly64. [A] competitiveness [B] comprehension [C] community [D] commitment65. [A] of [B] for [C] with [D] as66. [A] fine [B] nice [C] surprising [D] good67. [A] to [B] with [C] on [D] of68. [A] consulting [B] coaching [C] teaching [D] instructing69. [A] done [B] dealt [C] met [D] reached70. [A] therefore [B] or [C] and [D] asWise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The 51 you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 52 you money or can add53 the cost.Take the 54 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might 55 you are making the 56 buy if you choose one 57 look you like and which is also the cheapest 58 price. But when you get it home you may find that it 59 twice as long as a more expensive 60 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well 61 your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 62 when you go out shopping?If you_ 63 your home, your car or any valuable 64 in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long 65Before you buy a new 66 , talk to someone who owns one.If you can,use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular 67 .Before you buy an expensive 68 ,or a service,do check the price and 69 is on offer. If possible, choose 70 three items or three estimates.51. A) form B) fashion C) way D) method52. A) save B) preserve C) in D) similar53. A) up B) to C) in D) on54. A) easy B) single C) simple D) similar55. A) convince B) accept C) examine D) think56. A) proper B) best C) reasonable D) most57. A) its B) which C) whose D) what58. A) for B) with C) in D) on59. A) spends B) takes C) lasts D) consumes60. A) mode B) copy C) sample D)model61. A) cause B) make C) leave D) prove62. A) adopt B) lay C) stick D) adapt63. A)reserve B) decorate C) store D) keep64. A) products B) possession C) material D) ownership65. A) run B) interval C) period D) time66. A) appliance B) equipment C) utility D) facility67. A) function B) purpose C) goal D) task68. A) component B) element C) item D) particle69. A) what B) which C) that D) this70. A) of B) in C) by D) fromA language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声) , and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.Let's look at this 51 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 52 distinguishes man from the rest of the 53 world.Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 54 of cries: for example, many birds utter 55 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 56 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 57 these various means of communication differ in important ways 58 h uman language. For instance, animals' cries do not 59 thought s and feelings clearly. This means basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 60 us to divide a human utterance into 61 .We can change an utterance by 62 one word in it with 63 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g ., "tanks approaching from the north", 64 who can change one word and say "aircraft approaching from the north" or "tanks approaching from the west"; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 65 means "danger!"This is why the number of 66 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 67 point; it has about twenty different calls, 68 in human language the number of possible utterances is 69 . It also explai ns why animal cries are very 70 in meaning.51.A) classification B) definition C) function D) perception52.A) that B) it C) as D) what53.A) native B) human C) physical D) animal54.A) ways B) means C) methods D) approaches55.A) mating B) exciting C) warning D) boring56.A) identical B) exciting C) different D) unfamiliar57.A) But B) Therefore C) Afterwards D) Furthermore58.A) about B) with C) from D) in59.A) infer B) explain C) interpret D) express60.A) encourage B) enables C) enforces D) ensures61.A) speeches B) sounds C) words D) voices62.A) replacing B) spelling C) pronouncing D) saying63.A) ours B) theirs C) another D) others64.A) so B) and C) but D) or65.A) this B) that C) which D) it66.A) signs B) gestures C) signals D) marks67.A) in B) at C) of D) for68.A) whereas B) since C) anyhow D) somehow69.A) boundless B) changeable C) limitless D) ceaseless70.A) ordinary B) alike C) common D) general2)分析认识文章结构,理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间的逻辑关系并列关系:and, or转折关系:but, however, nevertheless, whereas, whileOne summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn't face my 51 apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 52 between the two tall heads in front of me.I had to keep changing the 53 every time she leaned over to talk to him, 54 he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such 55 in a public place?I thought the movie would be good for my English, but 56 it turned out, it was an Italian movie. 57 about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and 58 on my popcorn ( 爆玉米花). I've never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tastedpretty good, 59 . After a while I heard 60 more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the 61 of the popcorncrunching ( 咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought started to 62 . I remembered when I was in South Korea (韩国), I 63 to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean - I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend tome, 64 _ I saw him again in New York speaking 65 . English instead of perfect Korean. He didn't even have a Korean accent and I 66 like I had been betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English.67 we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very 68 and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, prefer-ring that to 69 . in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it 70 out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We've been speaking Korean at home ever since.51. A) warm B) hot C) heated D) cool52. A) crack B) blank C) break D) opening53. A) aspect B) view C) space D) angle54. A) while B) whenever C) or D) and55. A) attraction B) attention C) affection D) motion56. A) since B) when C) what D) as57. A) Within B) After C) For D) Over58. A) concentrate B) chew C) fix D) taste59. A) too B) still C) though D) certainly60. A) much B) any C) no D) few61. A) voice B) sound C) rhythm D) tone62. A) wonder B) wander C) imagine D) depart63. A) enjoyed B) happened C) turn D) used64. A)until B) because C) then D) therefore65. A) artificial B) informal C) perfect D) practical66. A) felt B) looked C) seemed D) appeared67. A) While B) If C) Before D) Once68. A) empty B) quiet C) stiff D) calm69. A) telling B) uttering C) saying D) speaking70. A) worked B) got C) came D) made让步关系:although, though, despite, in spite ofAlthough most people in the United States no longerlive on farms, but the ideal of home ownership is just as S26 ________strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.因果关系:due to, owing to, thanks to, because ofbecause, since, as, forso, therefore, thus, as a resultThe audit results fromimprovement in the frequency of majority representation andtheir portrayal in neutral or positive situations. And, with a S30 ____result, the Seattle Times has improved as a newspaper.条件关系:if, whetherunless = if ... not, provided that, providing thatsuppose that, supposing that解释关系:i.e., for example, for instance, in other words, that is to say In Africa, by instance, improved seed, more S27 _____ fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more thandouble corn and wheat yields in an experiment.顺序关系:before, after, first, second, then, next, finally3)利用上下文寻找解题信息4)排除法5)代入法6)固定搭配a role ____ inA) displayed B) delayed C) replayed D) played7)生活常识解题法综述上述方法,以两条主线做完形填空文章主题主题句段落主题主线词汇一致一致关系语法一致上下文逻辑关系一致三、做完形填空注意事项1、时间分配共15分钟:2-3分钟浏览5-8分钟做题(先易后难)10分钟后再检查2、不要轻易改答案3、学会放弃Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It's the one _51_ the teacher standing in the schoolroom door _52_ goodbye to students for the summer and calling _53_ them, "By the way, we won World War II."The problem with the joke, of course, is that it's _54_ funny. The recent surveys on _55_ illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb(令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even _56_ which countries the United States _57_ against in that war. One third have no _58_ when the Declaration of Independence was _59_. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly _60_ the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. _61_ when they get the answers right, some are _62_ guessing.Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be _63_ connected to loss of international _64_. But it does affect our future _65_ a democratic nation and as individuals.The _66_ news is that there is growing agreement _67_ what is wrong with the _68_ of history and what needs to be _69_ to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性的) _70_ yet to be felt in most classrooms.51. [A] about [B] in [C] for [D] by52. [A] shaking [B] waving [C] nodding [D] speaking53. [A] in [B] after [C] for [D] up54. [A] rarely [B] so [C] too [D] not55. [A] historical [B] educational [C] cultural [D] political56. [A] distinguish [B] acknowledge [C] identify [D] convey57. [A] defeated [B] attacked [C] fought [D] struck58. [A] sense [B] doubt [C] reason [D] idea59. [A] printed [B] signed [C] marked [D] edited60. [A] place [B] judge [C] get [D] lock61. [A] Even [B] Though [C] Thus [D] So62. [A] hardly [B] just [C] still [D] ever63. [A] exclusively [B] practically [C] shortly [D] directly64. [A] competitiveness [B] comprehension [C] community [D] commitment65. [A] of [B] for [C] with [D] as66. [A] fine [B] nice [C] surprising [D] good67. [A] to [B] with [C] on [D] of68. [A] consulting [B] coaching [C] teaching [D] instructing69. [A] done [B] dealt [C] met [D] reached70. [A] therefore [B] or [C] and [D] as52、wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手说再见shake 摇动,晃动shake one's hands / shake the hands with sb.nod 点头speak 说(某种语言)53、call after 在某人身后大声喊着after you 您先请come after 跟踪而至go after 跟在后边走teenagerguygay 男性同性恋;高兴的,快乐的call in 约请,约见call for = need 需求call up 号召,召集call off 取消第四课时54、rarely adv. 很少地,罕见地57、fight against 跟...打fight for / withdefeat vt. 击败attack 攻击,进攻attack onstrike 打击,撞击strike a match 划火柴56、distinguish vi.distinguish A from Backnowledge 承认identify 辨别,辨认,识别identity n. 本身,同一,本体,身份identification n.conveyconvey sth. to sb.58、sense 明白59、sign 签名,签署;n. 迹象;属相,星座mark v. 做标记;n. 标记label 标签;v. 贴标签stick to 坚持stick to the end 坚持到底stung / stuck / bitten / scracthedsting 蜜蜂蛰人bite 咬scratch 猫抓人63、exclusively 排除地,排他地includepractically 实际地shortly 短暂地directly 直接地indirectly 间接地64. competitiveness 竞争comprehension 理解community 社区commitmentovercharge 多收钱67、agree+ to do 同意做某事+ with sb. 同意某人的建议+ on sth. 就某事达成一致68、consult 咨询coach 训练Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The 51 you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 52 you money or can add53 the cost.Take the 54 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might 55 you are making the 56 buy if you choose one 57 look you like and which is also the cheapest 58 price. But when you get it home you may find that it 59 twice as long as a more expensive 60 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well 61 your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 62 when you go out shopping?If you_ 63 your home, your car or any valuable 64 in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long 65Before you buy a new 66 , talk to someone who owns one.If you can,use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular 67 .Before you buy an expensive 68 ,or a service,do check the price and 69 is on offer. If possible, choose 70 three items or three estimates.51. A) form B) fashion C) way D) method52. A) save B) preserve C) in D) similar53. A) up B) to C) in D) on54. A) easy B) single C) simple D) similar55. A) convince B) accept C) examine D) think56. A) proper B) best C) reasonable D) most57. A) its B) which C) whose D) what58. A) for B) with C) in D) on59. A) spends B) takes C) lasts D) consumes60. A) mode B) copy C) sample D)model61. A) cause B) make C) leave D) prove62. A) adopt B) lay C) stick D) adapt63. A)reserve B) decorate C) store D) keep64. A) products B) possession C) material D) ownership65. A) run B) interval C) period D) time66. A) appliance B) equipment C) utility D) facility67. A) function B) purpose C) goal D) task68. A) component B) element C) item D) particle69. A) what B) which C) that D) this70. A) of B) in C) by D) from53、add to 增加add up 算出总计,算出总和add in 加进去add on51、the way sb. do sth. 某人做某事的方法form 某事物存在或显现的方式fashion 时尚;个人的一种方式method 有系统性、逻辑性和理论性为依据的方法54、similar 类似的57、which 在定语从句中既起连接作用,又起成分作用(主、宾、表)The book which is written by him is very popular.The book which I want to read is very interesting.She is much kinder to her youngest child than others, which makes the others very angry.c第五课时thatThe book that is written by him is very popular.The book that I am reading is very interesting.引导名词性从句The fact that he passed the exam is true.The fact which/that he found was ture.which和that在引导定语从句时的区别:只能用which:非限定性定从只能用that:1、先行词为不定代词时2、先行词如果被不定代词、形容词最高级、序数词及the first/the last/the very/the only修饰时what 引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句= all thatWhat I said is right.What is needed is food.I know what you said.I know what is needed.This is what I said.This is what is needed.whose 在定语从句中既起连接作用,又起成分作用(定语)I know a girl whose name is Mary.I like a room whose window faces the south.55、convince 确信convince sb. of sth.59、spend当花费讲时人做主语sb. spend 时间/金钱on/in doing sth.I spent 20 yuan on this book.I spend 2 hours on English.takeit takes sb. some time to do sth.It takes him 2 hours to study English.paypay for sth.pay sb.60、modemode of sth.model 型号,款式61、cause 引起leave 离开porve 证明make+ n. + n.+ n. + adj.+ sb. do+ make sth. done+ it adj. to do sth.65、intervalat interval64、ownership 所有权63、reserve 预订,定购,保留decoratedecorate sth. with sth.store 储存66、appliance 工具,器具(执行特殊功能)electrical appliance / household appliancesequipment 设备,装备utility 实用,有用;(复数)公用事业facility (复数)器械,设备67、purpose强调近期目标goal强调理想或遥远的目标68、component 组成的部分,零部件element 要素particle 粒子item 产品article / goods / commodityOne summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldn’t face my __51__ apartment.Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the __52__ between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the __53__ every time she learned over to talk to him, __54__ he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such __55__ in a public place?I thought the movie would be good for my English, but __56__ it turned out, it was an Italian move. __57__ about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and __58__ on my popcorn (爆玉米花). I’ve never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, __59__. After a while I heard __60__ more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the __61__ of the popcorn crunching (咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought stated to __62__. I remembered when I was is South Korea (韩国), I __63__ to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean — I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, __64__ I saw him again in New York speaking __65__ English instead of perfect Korean. He didn’t even have a Korean accent and I __66__ like I had been betrayed.When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English.__67__ we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very __68__ and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to __69__ in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it __70__ out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since.51. A) warm B) hot C) heated D) cool52. A) crack B) blank C) break D) opening53. A) aspect B) view C) space D) angle54. A) while B) whenever C) or D) and55. A) attraction B) attention C) affection D) motion56. A) since B) when C) what D) as57. A) Within B) After C) For D) Over58. A) concentrate B) chew C) fix D) taste59. A) too B) still C) though D) certainly60. A) much B) any C) no D) few61. A) voice B) sound C) rhythm D) tone62. A) wonder B) wander C) imagine D) depart63. A) enjoyed B) happened C) turned D) used64. A) until B) because C) then D) therefore65. A) artificial B) informal C) perfect D) practical66. A)felt B) looked C) seemed D) appeared67. A) While B) If C) Before D) Once68. A) empty B) quiet C) stiff D) calm69. A) telling B) uttering C) saying D) speaking70. A) worked B) got C) came D) made52、crackv. (使)爆裂n. 缝隙split 衣服或裤子撕了opening 空缺,缺口53、aspect 建筑物的方位view 观点space 空间55、motion 运动attractionaffection 喜爱第六课时58、concentrate on 专心致志于fix on 决定,确定chewtaste 尝起来61、voice 嗓音rhythm 节奏,运力tone 语调63、enjoy + doing 喜欢做某事happen to do 碰巧turn to 求助于used to do 过去常常68、stiff 生硬的,僵硬的calm 平静的70、work out 解决出,弄出,算出get out 滚出去come out 出来come out 费力的辨认出;开具支票A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.Let’s look at this 51 in more detail because it is more than anything else, 52 distinguishes man from the rest of the 53 world.Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 54 of cries: for example, many birds utter 55 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 56 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 57 these various means of communication differ in important ways 58 human language. For instance, animals’ cries do not 59 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 60 us to divide a human utterance into 61 .We can change an utterance by 62 one word in it with 63 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north‖, 64 who can change one word and say aircraft approaching from the no rth‖ or ―tanks approaching from the west‖; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 65 means ―danger!‖This is why the number of 66 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 67 point; it has about twenty different calls, 68 in human language the number of possible utterances is 69 . It also explains why animal cries are very 70 in meaning.51. A) classification B) definition C)function D)perception52. A) that B) it C)as D)what53. A)native B) human C) physical D) animal54. A) ways B) means C) methods D) approaches55. A) mating B) exciting C) warning D) boring56. A) identical B) similar C) different D) unfamiliar57. A) But B)Therefore C) Afterwards D) Furthermore58. A) about B) with C) from D) in59. A) infer B) explain C) interpret D) express60.A) encourages B) enables C) enforces D) ensures61. A) speeches B) sounds C) words D)voices62.A) replacing B) spelling C) pronouncing D)saying63. A)ours B) theirs C) another D) others64. A)so B) and C) but D)or65. A)this B)that C)which D)it66. A)signs B)gestures C)signals D)marks67. A)in B)at C) of D)for68. A) whereas B) since C) anyhow D)somehow69. A) boundless B) changeable C) limitless D) ceaseless70. A) ordinary B) alike C) common D) general54、by means of 借助于55、mating 交配或求偶时发出的声音exciting 兴奋的声音boring 枯燥的声音56、identical 同一的similar 类似的unfamiliar 不熟悉的59、infer 推理interpret 说明61、speech 演讲sound 声音voice 嗓音60、encourage 1、+ doing 2、+ sb. to do sth.enable + sb. to do sth.enforce + sth. on sb.ensure + sb. sth. / sth. / thatguarantee 1、+ for sb. / sth. 2、+ to do 3、+ thatassure 1、+ sb. of sth. 2、+ sb. thatinsure + against62、replace A with Bspell vt. 拼写pronounce 发音say 说69、boundless 无限的changeable 可改变的limitless 无限制的,无度的ceaseless 不停的,不断的改错大纲要求:一、测试词汇二、测试语法三、测试上下文逻辑关系一、词汇错误1、词性错误1)名词与动词的误用arrive - arrivalsale - sellapproval - approve2)名词与形容词的误用medicine - medicalemotion - emotionalpolitics - political3)形容词与副词的误用a、词汇的用法hard - hardlyhigh - highlyfree - freelyb、语法第七课时2、易混词的误用1)近形(或近音)on the contrary - by contrastadapt - adoptconfirm - conformdesert - dessertemigrant - immigrant2)近义besides - exceptdiscover - inventnoise - voiceefficient - effectiveplace - landjob – work3)近形近义like - dislike / unlikelate - later - latter - latestcross - acrossaffect - effectcontinual – continuous3、搭配错误二、语法错误1、时态、语态和虚拟语气1)时态2)语态3)虚拟语气2、主谓不一致1)a number of + 名词复数+ 谓语动词复数形式the number of + 名词复数+ 谓语动词单数第三人称2)单数名词做主语,后面尽管跟介词短语+ 名词复数,谓语用单三3)定语从句中的主谓一致,定语从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致4)集体名词做主语,谓语根据该集体名词指代对象来确定单复数5)遇到只有复数形式的名词,谓语用复数3、非谓语动词现在分词和过去分词的区别:1)逻辑上的主谓关系2)主句的谓语动词与非谓语动词的动作之间有明显先后关系时,非谓语的谓语动词要用完成时4、连词1)定语从句2)名词性从句3)状语从句5、代词的误用1)纯考代词2)关系代词的误用6、平行结构的错误7、冠词的误用1)冠词的多用2)冠词的漏用3)冠词的误用8、介词的误用9、名词单复数的误用三、上下文逻辑关系错误1、词汇误用2、语法错误注意事项:Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change the word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark ( V ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank, lf you delete a word, cross out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Culture refers to the social heritage of a people - the learnedpatterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize apopulation or society, include the expression of these patterns in S21.__________ material things. Culture is compose of nonmaterial culture S22._ _ abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs and institutionalarrangements - and material culture - physical object like S23.__________cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. In sum, culture reflectsboth the ideas we share or everything we make. In ordinary S24.__________speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak another S25.__________language - the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, S26.__________literature, philosophy, or history. But to sociologists, to behuman is to be cultured, because of culture is the common world S27.__________of experience we share with other members of our group.Culture is essentially to our humanness. It provides a kind S28.__________of map for relating to others. Consider how you feel your wayabout social life. How do you know how to act in a classroom,or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh S29.__________at you? Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, S30.__________ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations.Therefore, if we know a person's culture, we can understand。
新版中日交流标准日本语初级上下册教案

新版中日交流标准日本语初级上下册教案第一章:入门篇1.1 课程目标:让学生掌握日语基本的发音、假名和片假名的书写方法,了解日语的基本语法和词汇。
1.2 教学内容:1.2.1 五十音图的学习和练习1.2.2 常用假名和片假名的书写练习1.2.3 基础词汇的学习1.3 教学方法:采用讲解、示范、练习、互动等多种教学方法,帮助学生熟练掌握日语基础知识和技能。
1.4 教学评估:通过课后作业、课堂练习和测试等方式,评估学生对课程内容的掌握程度。
第二章:基础篇2.1 课程目标:让学生掌握日语基本的语法、词汇和句型,提高日语听说读写能力。
2.2 教学内容:2.2.1 日常会话的基本句型2.2.2 常用词汇的学习2.2.3 基础语法的讲解和练习2.3 教学方法:2.4 教学评估:通过课后作业、课堂练习和测试等方式,评估学生对课程内容的掌握程度。
第三章:提高篇3.1 课程目标:让学生能够熟练运用日语进行日常交流,提高日语听说读写能力。
3.2 教学内容:3.2.1 复杂句型的讲解和练习3.2.2 高级词汇的学习3.2.3 日常交流场景的模拟和实践3.3 教学方法:采用视频教学、小组讨论、情景模拟等多种教学方法,提高学生的实际应用能力。
3.4 教学评估:通过课后作业、课堂练习和测试等方式,评估学生对课程内容的掌握程度。
第四章:进阶篇4.1 课程目标:让学生能够熟练运用日语进行日常交流,提高日语听说读写能力。
4.2 教学内容:4.2.1 语法知识的深入讲解和练习4.2.2 高级词汇和表达的学习4.2.3 实际交流场景的模拟和实践4.3 教学方法:4.4 教学评估:通过课后作业、课堂练习和测试等方式,评估学生对课程内容的掌握程度。
第五章:实战篇5.1 课程目标:让学生能够熟练运用日语进行日常交流,提高日语听说读写能力。
5.2 教学内容:5.2.1 实际交流场景的模拟和实践5.2.2 高级词汇和表达的学习5.2.3 语法知识的深入讲解和练习5.3 教学方法:采用情景模拟、角色扮演、小组讨论等多种教学方法,提高学生的实际应用能力。
大家的日语PPT

目標と時間
•日と月の数え方 •名詞(場所)へ移動の動詞 •助詞「で」の使い方
2時間かかります
甲子園へ 第5課 甲子園へ行きますか
•名詞(場所)+「へ」+行きます/来ます 帰ります 名詞(場所)+「へ」+行きます 来ます/帰 名詞 )+「
•我去美国。 我去美国。 我去美国 アメリカへ行きます。 アメリカへ行きます。 •下周李老师要来东京。 来週李先生は東京へ来ます。 下周李老师要来东京。 来週李先生は東京へ ます。 下周李老师要来东京 •大家回家了。 大家回家了。 大家回家了 皆さんは家へ帰りました。 さんは家 りました。
•交通工具+「で」+行きます/来ます 帰ります 交通工具+「で」+行きます 来ます/帰 交通工具+「
•坐地铁来。 坐地铁来。 坐地铁来 •乘出租车去学校。 乘出租车去学校。 乘出租车去学校 •坐飞机回日本。 坐飞机回日本。 坐飞机回日本 地下鉄できます。 地下鉄できます。 できます タクシーで学校へ きます。 タクシーで学校へ行きます。 学校 飛行機で日本へ ります。 飛行機で日本へ帰ります。
まめ
内容:
•日と月の数え方 •名詞(場所)へ移動の動詞 •助詞「で」の使い方 •時間を聞く方法
宿題:
•前の単語をもう一度覚えなさい。 •助詞の使い方を復習しなさい。 •第6課を予習しなさい。 •練習:4-6
第4課の復習
• 现在是凌晨5点 现在是凌晨5 今は午前5時です。 午前 時です。 • 昨天没有学习 昨天没有学习 昨日勉強しませんでした。 昨日勉強しませんでした。 しませんでした • 明天7点起床 明天7 明日7時に起きます。 明日 時 きます。 • 晚上从6点钟开始 上从6 钟开始 です。 夜は6時からです。 時からです • 邮局从早上9点一直到下午5点开门 局从早上9点一直到下午5 郵便局は 午後5時までです です。 郵便局は朝9時から午後 時までです。 時から午後 • 铅笔和圆珠笔是我的 笔和圆 • 鉛筆とボールペンは私のです。 鉛筆とボールペンは私 です。
(新)日语入门PPT课件

今は ジブリ美術館の展示物を 1で作るのが日課です。
今は ジブリ美術館の展示物を 1で作るのが日課です 平假名 片假名 汉字 阿拉伯数字 罗马字 : NHK SONY
用于书写日语的发 音,表现具有语法 功能的词。
主要用于书写外来词语、 拟态词、拟声词和部分 动物、植物的名称。
平假名
片假名
阿拉伯数字
You Know, The More Powerful You Will Be
谢谢你的到来
学习并没有结束,希望大家继续努力
Learning Is Not Over. I Hope You Will Continue To Work Hard
演讲人:XXXXXX 时 间:XX年XX月XX日
汉字
罗马字
主要用于表示动作或 实物的名称。
标注假名读音,或人名、地 名、公司名、品牌名等。
平假名: 用于书写日语的发音,表现具有语法 功能的词。
例: ⑴ 私は学生です。
我是学生。
⑵ 昨日は日曜日でした。 昨天是星期天。
片假名: 主要用于书写外来词语、拟态词、拟
声词和部分动物、植物的名称。
例:⑴ アイスクリーム (icecream 冰激凌) アメリカ (America 美国)
日本語の文字と発音
日语的文字与发音
~ 日本語を勉強しましょう
了解日本
地理位置
主要城市
美食
新宿
秋叶原
日本語の文字
公元六七世纪以前,日本一直没有自己的文字。人们以口述 等方式,将本民族的文化和历史一代代的传下来。
公元六七世纪的中国——隋唐盛世
隋文 唐化 时交 期流
公元9世纪,日本人在汉字的基础上创造了假名(仮名)
新标日_新版中日交流标准日本语中级_课文txt

§更多日语学习方法请加早道官方微信:早道日语§第一課一、 会話 出会い李:あのう、すみません。
男性:えっ?李:これ、落ちましたよ。
男性:あっ!すみません。
有難うございます。
李:あのう、失礼ですが、先ほどの方じゃありませんか。
男性:ああ。
さっきは、どうもありがとうございました。
助かりました。
李:いいえ、どういたしまして。
男性:中国の方ですか、日本語がお上手ですね。
李:いいえ、まだまだです。
勉強すればするほど、難しくなる感じがします。
上海へは、お仕事でいらっしゃったんですか。
男性:ええ、こちらに転勤になったんです。
空港はすっかり変わりましたね。
驚きました。
李:町もずいぶん変わっていますよ。
変化が早くて、私たちもついていけないくらいです。
男性:そうでしょうね。
李:ほら、高層ビルが見えてきたでしょう?あの変は上海の新しい中心地なんです。
男性:すごい。
まるでニューヨークみたいですね。
李:じゃあ、ここで。
男性:ええ、どうも有り難うございました。
さようなら。
二、 課文 日本の鉄道日本には、JR、私鉄、公営の3種類の鉄道会社があります。
JRとは、Japan Railwaysの略です。
以前は国営の鉄道でしたが、1987年に民営化されました。
世界的に有名な新幹線もJRの路線の1つで、日本の主要な都市と都市を結んでいます。
最高時速は300キロを超えます。
最初に完成したのは東海道新幹線ですか、山陽新幹線、東北新幹線、九州新幹線など、路線がどんどん延びています。
私鉄とは、JR以外の民間企業が経営する鉄道会社で、大都市には大きな私鉄がたくさんあります。
また,公営の鉄道は,地方自治体などが経営するものです。
中国の鉄道は、ほとんど国営です。
主要都市を結ぶ路線はもちろん,世界で始めて実用化されたリニアモーターカーも国営です。
ところで,JRや私鉄の各路線では,運行の方向を表すのに特別な言葉を使っています。
それは、「のぼり」§更多日语学习方法请加早道官方微信:早道日语§「下り」といる言葉です。
新编日语-第一册
第三课へや (2)第四课だいがく (7)第六课大学の生活 (10)第七课日曜日 (16)第八课年月日 (21)第九课家族 (26)第十课夏休み (30)第十一课趣味 (34)第十二课試験 (39)第十三课希望 (45)第十四课あいさつの言葉 (51)第十五课アルベイと (56)第十六课クリスマス (59)第十七课元旦 (69)第十八课料理 (75)第十九课インタビュー (83)第二十课冬休み (89)第三课へや1、××は**にあります/います。
该句型表示“××(什么东西)在**(某处)。
”e.g:わたしの部屋(へや)は一階(いっかい)にあります。
(我的房间在一楼。
)e.g:彼(かれ)は部屋にいます。
(他在房间里面。
)2、**に××があります/います。
该句型表示“**(某处)有××(什么东西)。
”e.g:部屋に床があります。
(房间里面有床。
)初看大家也许会有些和上面的混淆,但是只要注意到一点,就可以很好的区分开来了。
这个关键就在于格助词に,に通常表示的是地点,所以前面的就一定会是**(某处)。
所以这个句型只是把前面那个句型中的“**に”提到了句前,而が作为格助词,根据“が前は后”的口诀,が强调的是前面的部分,所以该句型和句型一几乎可以说是描述同一个事情,但是区别就在于这个句型是在说明:这个地方有××,别的东西也许也有,但是说话人不打算提其它的。
补充知识点:3、**は××があります/います。
该句型表示的是,“**有××。
”该句型和上面的句型二相比,只是把に换成了は,虽然意思可以翻译成是**有××(什么东西)。
但是**不仅仅只是表示地点的词,也可以是其它的。
e.g:わたしは新编日语と言う本があります。
(我有新编日语这书。
)若是ここ/そこ/あそこは××があります/います。
许小明《新编日语教程1(第三版)》学习指南-ゆっくり 练习した ほうが いいです【圣才出品】
许小明《新编日语教程1(第三版)》学习指南-ゆっくり练习したほうがいいです【圣才出品】第14課ゆっくり練習したほうがいいです◆基本语法1.動/イ形/ナ形+過ぎる2.動+ながら3.動た形◆词汇例解1.かた(方)②[名]【词义】位,人【解析】该词为「人」的尊称,一般用于正式场合中介绍他人情况。
【例句】△この方は私のインストラクターです。
(这位是我的教练。
) 2.かならず(必ず)?[副]【词义】一定,必定,必然【解析】该词一般用在动词之前表示对该动作的完成具有极大自信和把握。
【例句】△あんなに準備しますから、必ず成功します。
(都准备得那么好了,一定会成功的。
)3.しっかり③[副/自動3]【词义】好好地,扎实地,可靠地【解析】该词既可以作为副词修饰动词强化动作的发起程度,常与「ください」搭配使用,也可以和「する」结合表示“靠谱”等意思。
【例句】△しっかり持ってください。
(请好好拿着。
)△もっとしっかりしましょう。
(更靠谱点吧。
)4.すべる(滑る)②[自動1]【词义】滑,滑行,滑动【解析】该词倒数第二个假名为「え」段,但仍属于一类动词,属于特殊分类。
【例句】△このコースで滑ってください。
(请在这条雪道上滑行。
)5.まけずぎらい(負けず嫌い)④[名/ナ形]【词义】好强,不认输【解析】该词为“动词+ナ形容词”的复合词,直译为“讨厌失败”,即可为名词也可为ナ形用词。
【例句】△彼女は負けず嫌い(な人)ですから、毎日しっかり練習します。
(因为她很好强,每天都好好练习。
)6.もう?[副]【词义】再,又【解析】该词接在数量词或表示程度的词之前表示对相同事物或情况的累加,后接动词过去时时表示动作已完成。
该词在①调时为感叹词,表示厌烦等负面情绪。
【例句】△もう一度やってください。
(请再做一次。
)◆语法详解1.動/イ形/ナ形+過ぎる【解析】该句型意为“过度…”“过于…”,表示某种事物或情况超出一定的限度,前接动词时要用「ます形」,前街形容词和ナ形用词时要用词干。
新版中日交流标准日本语课堂同步每课练习册-初级上(含答案)
新版中日交流标准日本语同步测试卷初级上目录测试题(第1课) (3)(第2课) (3)(第3课) (5)(第4课) (6)(第5课) (7)(第6课) (8)(第7课) (10)(第8课) (11)(第9课) (12)(第10课) (14)(第11课) (15)(第12课) (17)(第13课) (18)(第14课) (19)(第15课) (21)(第16课) (22)(第17课) (24)(第18课) (25)(第19课) (26)(第20课)....................................................... 28 (第21课). (29)(第22课) (31)(第23课) (32)(第24课) (34)测试题答案(第1课) (36)(第2课) (36)(第3课) (36)(第4课) (37)(第5课) (37)(第6课) (37)(第7课) (38)(第8课) (38)(第9课) (39)(第10课) (39)(第11课) (39)(第12课)....................................................... 40 (第13课). (40)(第14课) (40)(第15课) (41)(第16课) (41)(第17课) (41)(第18课) (42)(第19课) (42)(第20课) (43)(第21课) (43)(第22课) (43)(第23课) (44)(第24课) (44)(第1课)一、将下列汉字改为平假名。
(1×10)1.学生2.中国人3.外国4.英語5.企画6.吉田7.日本8.会社員9.教授10.森二、将下列假名改为汉字。
(1×10)1.しゃいん2.ちゅうごく3.だいがくせい4.てんいん5.しゃちょう6.とうきょう7.しゃしん8.かちょう9.かいしゃ10.ひと三、从下列①②③中选择正确词语,完成句子。
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生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
--泰戈尔日语前言日语是公认的发音优美的语言,在语言学上,评价一种语言的发音是否优美,一个重要的标准,就是元音数量和辅音数量的比例,最好是一比一,举个大家都知道的日语单词,美丽的樱花,さくら,sa ku la ,发音是(s)a(k)u(l)a, 括号中的是辅音,一个辅音带一个元音,正好是一比一,很规范,这样的语言,发音既响亮又好听。
比如英语单词desk, 它的发音是(d)e(sk), 三个辅音带一个元音,再有像script(脚本),它的发音是(skr)I(pt), 五个辅音带一个元音,这样的语言,发音就不太好听。
所以,在国际语言学界,日语,意大利语和西班牙语,是三个公认的发音优美的语言,其中日语更是排在第一位。
日语五十音图,是指日语的五十个清音,在日语中,它既是日语的字母,也是日语的发音,分为平假名和片假名,相当于英语中字母大写和小写的区别,在应用上还是以平假名为主,片假名主要是用来表示外来语和特殊的词汇,在学习的时候,平假名和片假名是同样重要的。
平假名是由汉字的草体简化而来的,片假名则是由汉字的楷体的偏旁部首简化而来。
将这五十个清音假名按照发音的规律排列起来的表,分为五段十行,实际上共有45个音。
表1 五十音图平假名的由来表2 五十音图片假名的由来五十音图日语五十音图看起来很多,也很难记,其实是有规律的,将这五十个清音假名按照发音的规律排列起来的表,分为五段十行,实际上共有45个音。
橫的叫行,竖的叫段,第一行的五个母音,是日語发音的基础,每行都以这一行的第一个字母命名,如第一行,あいうえお,叫あ行假名,每段也以第一个假名命名,如あかさたなはまやらわ,就叫あ段,记住行和段在学习日语语法时非常重要。
第一章五十音图五十音图表1.あアあ行假名代表五个元音,其它各行基本上是辅音与这五个元音分别相拼而成的,因此,学好这五个元音是打好日语基础的关键。
「あ」在日语元音中开口最大,舌位最低。
双唇自然张开,比发汉语[啊]略小振动声带,声音洪亮。
单词练习:●雨(あめ)①雨●飴(あめ)②糖●挨拶(あいさつ)①招呼●赤い(あかい)②红的●青い(あおい)②蓝的,绿的,苍白的2. いイ「い」的发音比发汉语的[衣]时双唇略松,口角咧开较小。
舌前隆起,和硬腭相对,形成狭窄通道。
前舌用力,振动声带,声音较尖。
单词练习:●家(いえ)②家●椅子(いす)○0椅子●糸(いと)①线,丝●犬(いぬ)②狗●石(いし)②石头3. うウ「う」的发音双唇自然微启,嘴角微拉,双唇不要像发汉语[乌]那样向前突出,舌面较平,振动声带,声音较弱。
单词练习:●牛(うし)②牛●歌う(うたう)③唱歌●嬉しい(うれしい)③欢喜的,高兴的,喜悦的●海(うみ)①海,大海●馬(うま)②马4. えエ「え」的发音双唇稍向左右咧开,舌面放平,口形和舌尖的位置处于「あ」和「い」之间。
舌根用力,振动声带,声音紧张。
单词练习:●絵(え)①画,图画●映画(えいが)○0电影●遠足(えんそく)○0远足,郊游,(徒步)旅游●演奏(えんそう)○0演奏●演出(えんしゅつ)○0演出,表演5. おオ「お」的发音双唇稍微放圆,口型大小处于「あ」和「う」之间。
舌面较平,振动声带。
不像汉语[欧]那样从口腔候补发出,声音更要圆浑。
单词练习:●思う(おもう)②想,认为,打算●男(おとこ)③男子,男人●女(おんな)③女子,女人●起きる(おきる)②起床,起来●温泉(おんせん)○0温泉あ行单词总结:あア●雨(あめ)①雨●飴(あめ)②糖●挨拶(あいさつ)①招呼●赤い(あかい)②红的●青い(あおい)②蓝的,绿的,苍白的いイ●家(いえ)②家●椅子(いし)○0椅子●糸(いと)①线,丝●犬(いぬ)②狗●石(いし)②石头うウ●牛(うし)②牛●歌う(うたう)③唱歌●嬉しい(うれしい)③欢喜的,高兴的,喜悦的●海(うみ)①海,大海●馬(うま)②马えエ●絵(え)①画,图画●映画(えいが)○0电影●遠足(えんそく)○0远足,郊游,(徒步)旅游●演奏(えんそう)○0演奏●演出(えんしゅつ)○0演出,表演おオ●思う(おもう)②想,认为,打算●男(おとこ)③男子,男人●女(おんな)③女子,女人●起きる(おきる)②起床,起来●温泉(おんせん)○0温泉绕口令练习:6. かカか这个音从属于か行假名,由清音[k]和あ行元音中的「あ」拼合而成,发[ka]音。
发[k]音时舌根紧接口盖,然后用无声气流冲破,声带不振动。
单词练习:●書く(かく)①写,书写,画●紙(かみ)②纸,纸张●花瓶(かびん)○0花瓶●金(かね)○0钱,金钱●傘(かさ)①雨伞,伞7. きキき这个假名从属于か行假名,由清音[k]和あ行元音「い」拼合而成,发[ki]音。
发[k]音时舌根紧接口盖,然后用无声气流冲破,声带不振动。
单词练习:●木(き)①树,树木●聞く(きく)②听,打听,询问●着物(きもの)○0衣服,和服●禁止(きんし)○0禁止●黄色い(きいろい)③黄色的,黄色8. くクく这个假名从属于か行假名,由清音[k]和あ行元音「う」拼合而成,发[ku]音。
发[k]音时舌根紧接口盖,然后用无声气流冲破,声带不振动。
单词练习:●黒い(くろい)②黑的,黑色的●草(くさ)②草,杂草,野草●薬(くすり)○0药●雲(くも)①云,云彩●車(くるま)○0汽车,货车9. けケけ这个假名从属于か行假名,由清音[k]和あ行元音「え」拼合而成,发[ke]音。
发[k]音时舌根紧接口盖,然后用无声气流冲破,声带不振动。
单词练习:●結婚(けっこん)○0结婚●建築(けんちく)○0建筑,建筑物●ケーキ①蛋糕●携帯電話(けいたいでんわ)⑤手机,移动电话●化粧品(けしょうひん)○0化妆品10. こコこ这个假名从属于か行假名,由清音[k]和あ行元音「お」拼合而成,发[ko]音。
发[k]音时舌根紧接口盖,然后用无声气流冲破,声带不振动。
单词练习:●交通(こうつう)○0交通●心(こころ)②心,心灵,心地,心肠,心胸●子ども(こども)○0小孩,儿童●コーヒー③咖啡●紅葉(こうよう)○0红叶か行单词总结:かカ●書く(かく)①写,书写,画●紙(かみ)②纸,纸张●花瓶(かびん)○0花瓶●金(かね)○0钱,金钱●傘(かさ)①雨伞,伞きキ●木(き)①树,树木●聞く(きく)②听,打听,询问●着物(きもの)○0衣服,和服●禁止(きんし)○0禁止●黄色い(きいろい)③黄色的,黄色くク●黒い(くろい)②黑的,黑色的●草(くさ)②草,杂草,野草●薬(くすり)○0药●雲(くも)①云,云彩●車(くるま)○0汽车,货车けケ●結婚(けっこん)○0结婚●建築(けんちく)○0建筑,建筑物●ケーキ①蛋糕●携帯電話(けいたいでんわ)⑤手机,移动电话●化粧品(けしょうひん)○0化妆品こコ●交通(こうつう)○0交通●心(こころ)②心,心灵,心地,心肠,心胸●子ども(こども)○0小孩,儿童●コーヒー③咖啡●紅葉(こうよう)○0红叶11. さサさ这个假名从属于さ行假名,由辅音[s]和あ行元音「あ」拼合而成,发[sa]音。
发[s]音时,舌尖置于上齿龈后面,声带不振动,无声气流从舌齿间流出,形成[丝]音,调音点在上齿龈里侧。
单词练习●財布(さいふ)○0钱包●魚(さかな)○0鱼,鱼类●桜(さくら)○0樱花●寒い(さむい)②寒冷的●猿(さる)①猴子,猿猴12. しシし这个假名从属于さ行假名,由辅音[ʃ]和あ行元音「い」拼合而成,发[ʃi]音。
发[ʃ]音时,双唇略微前伸,舌面隆起,接近口盖,声带不振动。
关键是舌尖不能接触门齿,调音点要比[s]后退。
单词练习●失礼(しつれい)②失礼,不礼貌的●白い(しろい)②白的,白色的●新聞(しんぶん)①报纸●獅子(しし)①狮子●叱る(しかる)○0批评,训斥13. すスす这个假名从属于さ行假名,由辅音[s]和あ行元音「う」拼合而成,发[su]音。
发[s]音时,舌尖置于上齿龈后面,声带不振动,无声气流从舌齿间流出,形成[丝]音,调音点在上齿龈里侧。
单词练习●水泳(すいえい)○0游泳●西瓜(すいか)○0西瓜●水仙(すいせん)○0水仙●好き(すき)②喜欢●する○0做,干14.せセせ这个由辅音[s]和あ行元音「え」拼合而成,发[si]音。
单词练习●生活(せいかつ)○0生活●世界(せかい)①世界●先生(せんせい)③老师,师傅,兄长●洗濯(せんたく)○0洗,洗涤●扇子(せんす)○0扇子15. そソそ这个假名,由辅音[s]和あ行元音「お」拼合而成,发[so]音。
单词练习●空(そら)①天空,空中●操作(そうさ)①操作●外(そと)①外面,外边●尊敬(そんけい)○0尊敬●祖父(そふ)①祖父さ行单词总结:さサ●財布(さいふ)○0钱包●魚(さかな)○0鱼,鱼类●桜(さくら)○0樱花●寒い(さむい)②寒冷的●猿(さる)①猴子,猿猴しシ●失礼(しつれい)②失礼,不礼貌的●白い(しろい)②白的,白色的●新聞(しんぶん)①报纸●獅子(しし)①狮子●叱る(しかる)○0批评,训斥すス●水泳(すいえい)○0游泳●西瓜(すいか)○0西瓜●水仙(すいせん)○0水仙●好き(すき)②喜欢●する○0做,干せセ●生活(せいかつ)○0生活●世界(せかい)①世界●先生(せんせい)③老师,师傅,兄长●洗濯(せんたく)○0洗,洗涤●扇子(せんす)○0扇子そソ●空(そら)①天空,空中●操作(そうさ)①操作●外(そと)①外面,外边●尊敬(そんけい)○0尊敬●祖父(そふ)①祖父16. たタた这个假名从属于た行假名,由音辅[t]和あ行元音「あ」拼合而成,发[ta]音。
发[t]音时,声带不振动,舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻塞,并成为调音点。
当无声气流冲开阻塞时就发出[t]。
单词练习:●体操(たいそう)○0体操●太陽(たいよう)①太阳●畳(たたみ)○0草席●立つ(たつ)①站,立,站起●建物(たてもの)②建筑物17. ちチち这个假名从属于た行假名,由辅音[ʧ]和あ行元音「い」拼合而成,发[ʧi]音。
发[ʧ]音时,声带不振动,调音点不在齿龈,而在硬腭处。
单词练习:●血(ち)○0血,血液●地理(ちり)①地理●父(ちち)①爸爸,父亲●近い(ちかい)②近的,附近●小さい(ちいさい)③小的18. つツつ这个假名从属于た行假名,由辅音[ʦ]和あ行元音「う」拼合而成,发[ʦu]音。
发[ʦ]音时,声带不振动,舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻塞,并成为调音点。
当无声气流冲开阻塞时就发出[ʦ]。
单词练习:●通信(つうしん)○0通信●月(つき)②月●机(つくえ)○0桌子,书桌●疲れる(つかれる)③疲劳,劳累●鶴(つる)①鹤19. てテて这个假名从属于た行假名,由辅音[t]和あ行元音「え」拼合而成,发[te]音。