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山东省潍坊市四市联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

山东省潍坊市四市联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

山东省潍坊市四市联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题一、阅读理解Applying for Summer AcademyApplication ProcessSummer Academy is open to high school students. Students must be 15 years old by the first day of their term. All students applying to Summer Academy for the first time are required to complete an online application. Our online application can be completed in a few basic steps.●Fill out basic information●Complete a short answer question●Pay a $50 application fee●Submit(提交) most recent school report card●Report cards must be in English and do not need to be officialApplication TimelineAll applications are carefully reviewed by our admissions committee. Our goal is to accept as many qualified students as possible. We encourage students to submit their applications as soon as possible to increase their chances of being accepted.Applications for Summer Academy 2025 will open on October 21.Tuition & FeesResidential ProgramStudents live in dorm-like facilities in the center of the city.Day ProgramStudents commute(通勤) to campus and do not receive room and board.* Materials Fee covers activities, equipment, and other instructional materials.ScholarshipsThe School of The New York Times is committed to making its programs accessible to students from all backgrounds. Our Scholarship Program aims to improve the availability, access, and equality of learning opportunities by providing scholarships based on financial need. To be considered, students must submit a completed program application, followed by a scholarship application. Scholarships are limited and paid on a first-applied, first- awarded basis until all funds have been exhausted.1．What are the applicants required to do?A．To apply before October 21.B．To finish a series of questions.C．To provide proof of family income.D．To present a latest academic record inEnglish.2．How much will be saved if accommodation is not needed?A．$275.B．$1330.C．$1605.D．$1055.3．Who is more likely to obtain the scholarship with financial need?A．A student awarded multiple times.B．A student applying for the first time.C．A student with outstanding performance.D．A student submitting applications earlier.As one of the longest-running and largest sci-fi-themed events globally, the 81*"World Science Fiction Convention (WorldCon) took place in Chengdu, Southwest China’s Sichuan Province in October, 2023, the first time that the conference has been held in China.“I think the Chengdu WorldCon offers a chance for the rest of the world to know more about Chinese sci-fi, and for China to learn more about sci-fi cultural products that are being made in the rest of the world,” says sinologist (汉学家) Agustín Alepuz Morales.“I hope that I can contribute to making Chinese sci-fi better known among theSpanish-speaking public, whether through this convention or in any other way,” the Spaniard says.Alepuz also goes by his Chinese name Xia Haiming. With over a decade of experience in translation including works, such as Death’s End, the third novel of Liu Cixin’ s Hugo Award-winning sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem, Alepuz has devoted his life to bridging the gap between China and the West.To truly understand China, Alepuz noted that one must bury oneself in its culture, language, and history. He has been living in Beijing since he first arrived as a student at Renmin University of China in 2007. After graduation, he decided to stay, and then worked in different fields including translation and language teaching.“So far it has been 16 years of fascinating experiences which have helped me grow both as a professional and as a person,” Alepuz notes.Alepuz was given the “Friend of Chinese Literature” award for his outstanding contributions to bringing Chinese literature to the world. When asked what attracted him to Chinese science fiction specifically, Alepuz explained that he spent most of his childhood and teenage years reading sci-fi novels and short stories, and thus he became interested in Chinese sci-fi from an early stage of his study of the Chinese language and culture.4．What does Alepuz think of Chengdu WorldCon?A．It acts as a cultural bridge.B．It represents a powerful China.C．It builds a book selling platform.D．It popularizes the Spanish study.5．What did Alepuz do as a sinologist?A．He wrote a sci-fi novel.B．He won a Hugo Award.C．He translated Death’s End.D．He traveled around China.6．Which of the following can best describe Alepuz?A．Considerate.B．Outgoing.C．Generous.D．Passionate. 7．Why did Alepuz win the award of “Friend of Chinese Literature”?A．For his role in teaching.B．For his spread of Chinese culture.C．For advertising Spanish sci-fi.D．For writing short stories.A 25-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes (糖尿病) started producing her own insulin (胰岛素) less than three months after receiving a transplant of reprogrammed stem cells. She is thefirst person with the disease to be treated using cells from her own body. “I can eat sugar now,” said the woman, who lives in Tianjin, on a call with Nature. It has been more than a year since the transplant, and, she says , “I enjoy eating everything —especially hotpot.”James Shapiro, a transplant doctor and researcher at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, says the results of the operation are astonishing. “They’ve greatly improved the health of the patient, who was requiring substantial amounts of insulin beforehand.”The study, published in Cell today, follows results from a separate group in Shanghai, China, who reported in April that they had successfully transplanted insulin-producing islets (胰岛) into a 59-year-old man with type 2 diabetes. The islets were also obtained from reprogrammed stem cells taken from the man’s own body and he has since stopped taking insulin.The studies are among a handful of pioneering trials using stem cells to treat diabetes, which affects close to half a billion people worldwide. Most of them have type 2 diabetes, in which the body doesn’t produce enough insulin or its ability to use the hormone decreases. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks islet cells in the pancreas (胰腺).Islet transplants can treat the disease, but there aren’t enough donors to meet the growing demand, and receivers must use anti-rejection medicines to prevent the body from rejecting the donor tissue.Stem cells can be used to grow any tissue in the body and can be cultured indefinitely in the laboratory, which means they potentially offer a limitless source of pancreatic tissue. By using tissue made from a person’s own cells, researchers also hope to avoid the need for anti-rejection medicines.8．What can we learn about the transplant from the first two paragraphs?A．It is widely adopted.B．It has bettered the woman’s condition.C．It improves the function of insulin.D．It has changed the woman’s eatingpreferences.9．What is the writing purpose of paragraph 4?A．To show the potential dangers of diabetes.B．To analyze the impact of stem cellstransplant.C．To stress the necessity of stem cells transplant.D．To compare the symptoms of two types of diabetes.10．Why does the author mention “donors” and “receivers” in paragraph 5?A．To predict the effect of diabetes treatment.B．To explain the drawbacks of islettransplants.C．To present people’s attitude to islet transplants.D．To conclude a new method of diabetes treatment.11．Why are the stem cells taken from the patient’s own body?A．To make the process easy.B．To relieve the patient’s pain.C．To save the patient’s money.D．To prevent transplant rejection.Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a “closet (衣橱) of regrets”. All the clothes that don’t get worn can hang heavy on a consumer’s mind until finally thrown away. The trouble is, “There’s no ‘away’ for your clothes,” says Maxine Bédat, author of a 2021 book, Unraveled: The Life and Death of a Garment, and an activist trying to change the industry’s wasteful ways.A few statistics tell the story. Fashion is responsible for about 10% of the carbon emissions (排放物) that are tipping our planet toward climate disaster. It produces 20% of all industrial water pollution. And it creates unimaginable quantities of rubbish, with about a garbage truck of clothes burnt or buried in a landfill every second.Although some companies have voluntarily tried to minimize their environmental and social impact, little progress has been made. So, a bill known as the New York Fashion Act was introduced. It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases and require every large multinational fashion name operating in the state to map their global supply chains, disclose their environmental and social impacts, and set targets to cut emissions. Failure to meet the targets could bring a 2% fine on annual turnover.However, the bill is pro-business, argues Ms. Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards.Ms. Bédat is looking beyond the “more” of fashion to how people value their clothes. Her book closes with a vision of a future when “we will love our clothes because we have seized control of our own attention and removed the noise in our inboxes and on our social mediachannels that had taken our attention from our true needs and desires. And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but from an aware and informed mindset.” That could be just enough to clear out anyone’s “closet of regrets.”12．What does the underlined word “story” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．Regrets left by over-consumption,B．Worries generated by abandoning clothes.C．Anxiety produced by falling behind the trend.D．Problems caused by the fast-paced fashion industry,13．What does the New York Fashion Act aim to achieve?A．Boost sales for fashion companies.B．Regulate global fashion supply chains,C．Raise environmental awareness of buyers and producers.D．Limit the expansion of the fashion companies in New York.14．What does Bédat think of the bill to the fashion companies?A．Fair.B．Costly.C．Complex.D．Demanding. 15．How can the “closet of regrets” be reduced according to Bédat?A．Follow trends and buy more clothes.B．Value needs and make wise purchases.C．Plan budgets and shop eco-consciously.D．Stress functionality and cut down on buying.Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it’s more difficult to be bored. If the show you’re watching has lost its appeal, you can amuse yourself by surfing the social media without even leaving the sofa. 16 Feeling bored does have its benefits.17 If you decide there’s nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and make your own entertainment by taking up a new hobby. This can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a sharp rise in creativity among people stuck at home.And, despite what parents and teachers may have told you when you were young, daydreaming is good for you. In fact, if you find it difficult to keep your mind focused during boring meetings or tasks, it could be a result of your impressive brain capacity. 18 Put simply, some people seem better equipped to focus on more than one thing at a time.Still, why daydream at the bus stop when you can surf your phone like everyone else?19 But that’s not all: over time, it reduces your boredom tolerance (忍耐) levels and meansyou become less able to think creatively and merely notice what’s going on around you.Ultimately, if we take it for granted that there will always be something close at hand to entertain us, we start to lose the ability to think creatively. We stop coming up with new ideas and we’re less motivated to find ways to do something less boring instead. 20A．But that’s not necessarily a good thing.B．Whisper it: we run the risk of becoming boring ourselves.C．Keeping busy is just what you need to generate your best ideas.D．Remember: we’ re all making every effort to follow our dreams.E．Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do.F．Frequent daydreamers scored higher on intellectual and creative ability.G．Spending every spare moment on the screen can harmfully affect your wellbeing.二、完形填空One summer day in 2009, Megan Atherton was driving to her hometown of Pittsburgh. She had been driven out of the 21 for overdue rent. And then to make things 22 , about an hour into the drive, Atherton’s car broke down and her cellphone was out of 23 . Unable to call for help, Atherton was 24 by the side of the road. Eventually, police arrived and helped her send her car to a nearby garage (修车厂). The 25 was worse than imagined: Her car would need major repairs— repairs that she didn’t have money to 26 .As Atherton was 27 about what to do next, a woman in the waiting room 28 her. She offered to take Atherton to Pittsburgh. The only 29 was that her cat had sickness, so she couldn’t leave just then. She had to go home and give it the 30 needed in the night. The woman, who introduced herself as “Toni”, brought Atherton back to her house and 31 Atherton for the night. And then in the morning she drove Atherton all the way to Pittsburgh.Once they arrived in the city, Atherton was able to find a homeless shelter and begin 32 her life. She never saw Toni again, but thinks of her often. “It’s not 33 that I thanked her enough. It was a very hard time in my life, and I 34 don’t know what would have happened if she hadn’t gone so far above and beyond for a complete 35 ,”Atherton said.21．A．hospital B．restaurant C．apartment D．company 22．A．worse B．better C．funnier D．clearer 23．A．reach B．place C．control D．power 24．A．hidden B．lost C．stuck D．delayed 25．A．threat B．treatment C．symbol D．estimation 26．A．study B．order C．cover D．fund 27．A．annoyed B．anxious C．disappointed D．curious 28．A．approached B．consulted C．reminded D．observed 29．A．excuse B．reason C．purpose D．warning 30．A．money B．light C．medicine D．clothing 31．A．turned down B．put up C．dealt with D．calmed down 32．A．imagining B．rebuilding C．enjoying D．recalling 33．A．possible B．necessary C．normal D．common 34．A．sadly B．nervously C．accurately D．honestly 35．A．failure B．stranger C．beginner D．onlooker三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2024-2025学年河南省郑州市高二上学期11月期中联考考试英语试题

2024-2025学年河南省郑州市高二上学期11月期中联考考试英语试题

2024-2025学年河南省郑州市高二上学期11月期中联考考试英语试题Four Best Books for TeensEverything We Never HadIn Randy Ribay's book, we witness four generations of Filipino American boys—Francisco in 1929, Emil in 1965, Chris in 1983, and Enzo in 2020—and how the immigrant story in the United States shapes them all.Every Time You Hear That SongInspired by Dolly Parton's real-lifetime capsule (胶囊), which sits in Dollywood, waiting to be opened on Dolly's 100th birthday, Every Time You Hear That Song is written by Jenna Voris from two points of view. The first is that of 17-year-old Darren Purchase, a journalist from the small town of Mayberry, Arkansas, who wants to unearth the story behind country music legend Decklee Cassel's empty time capsule. The second is that of Decklee Cassel in the 1960s, coming up in the music world, and what she had to give up to succeed.SnowglobeIn Soyoung Park's award-winning novel, all is not what it seems in Snowglobe—the sunny, green, celebrity-filled city and the last place on earth that isn't frozen. Residents of the frozen world (the result of the climate crisis) work hard to keep Snowglobe warm. This book is translated from the original Korean.Gita Desai Is Not Here to Shut UpGita Desai Is Not Here to Shut Up written by Sonia Patel is considered as a tough read that's worth the discomfort. In it, 18-year-old Gita Desai, a freshman at Stanford, dreams of being a doctor but is pulled off her path by a series of situations that unearth an awful secret from her past. It is based on the author's own experiences.1. Who wrote Everything We Never Had?A．Sonia Patel. B．Randy Ribay. C．Soyoung Park. D．Jenna Voris.2. What is Decklee Cassel?A．A musician. B．A novelist. C．A student. D．A journalist.3. What is a feature of Gita Desai Is Not Here to Shut Up?A．It is written from two points of view. B．It tells stories of Filipino American boys.C．It is translated from the original Korean. D．It is based on the author's ownexperiences.The rolled-up painting of a female figure was discovered in a pile of rubbish that a junk dealer was hired to throw away in the early 1960s, and it hung in the family living room and then restaurant in Pompei, near Naples, for years until his son decided to investigate.The junk dealer's son Andrea Lo Russo said that his first inkling of the painting's origin came when he saw a Picasso in a middle school textbook, but neither his teacher nor his father was persuaded.His curiosity continued, and in his early 20s, Lo Russo drove to Paris and brought the painting to the Picasso Museum. "They looked, and they said, 'It is not possible, '" Lo Russo recalled. He turned down their invitation to leave the painting for further examination, not wanting to give it up.After decades of trying to determine the painting's origin, Lo Russo believed that a recent battery of tests carried out by the Swiss-based Arcadia Foundation finally offered proof that it's the work of Picasso. "We include lab tests that show the paints used are consistent with Picasso's color palette during the period," said Luca Marcante, a trained chemist who founded the Arcadia Foundation in 2000 to investigate the origin of artworks. "Most recently, a handwriting expert authenticated (证实) the signature on the upper left-hand corner as that of Picasso."The only group that can authenticate the painting is the Picasso Administration in Paris. It hasn't responded to a series of requests over the years. Marcante said that he was preparing to share the most recent findings with them. "The only real one is Lo Russo's because we have examined it in a scientific manner. We are completely sure about our work, and about the results science has given us," Marcante said. "We can touch this painting with our hands. It is real. It is authentic."4. What does the underlined word "inkling" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Thought. B．Decision. C．Lesson. D．Report.5. Why did Lo Russo drive to the Picasso Museum?A．To do some tests on his own. B．To pick up his father working there.C．To seek confirmation on a painting. D．To enjoy Picasso's paintings.6. What can be learned from Marcante's words in the last paragraph?A．He avoided touching the painting. B．He was confident of his judgement.C．He was a famous handwriting expert. D．He worked for the PicassoAdministration.7. Which word can best describe Lo Russo?A．Kind-hearted. B．Open-minded. C．Generous. D．Determined. Around the US, educators say students in class routinely send messages, listen to music and shop online. There are also countless other examples of how smartphones disturb teaching and learning. "Students used to have an understanding that they weren't supposed to be on their phone in class. Those days are gone," said James Granger, a high school teacher.The impact that phones have on teenagers in America today is well-documented, but teachers say parents are often not aware to what extent students use them inside the classroom. And increasingly, educators and experts are speaking with one voice on the question of how to handle it: No phones during classes.Last year, Florida became the first state to crack down on phones in school. A law that took effect in July required all Florida public schools to ban (禁止) student cellphone use during class time and block access to social media on district Wi-Fi. Some districts, including Orange County Public Schools, went further and banned phones the entire school day. Oklahoma, Vermont and Kansas have also recently introduced what is becoming known as the "phone-free schools" policy.Some students say such policies cut off their main mode of communication with family and friends. Pushback has also come from parents who fear being cut off from their kids if there is a school emergency. Jaden Willoughey, 14, shares the concern about being out of contact with his parents if there's a crisis."It took a few years to change the cellphone policy and find a system that worked," said Jared Christensen, the school's vice principal. "At first it was a battle. But it has been so worth it. Students are more attentive and engaged during class time. Teachers are able to teach without competing with cellphones. And student learning has increased," he said, citing test scores that were at or above state averages for the first time in years. "I can't definitively say it's because of this policy. But I know it's helping."8. What can we learn from paragraph 1?A．The functions of smartphones are increasing.B．Most of the Americans choose to shop online.C．Listening to music is good for students' mental health.D．More and more US students are using phones in class.9. Florida was the first state in America to ________.A．introduce a course on social media B．provide smartphones for poor kidsC．push for a cellphone ban in school D．allow students to use computers at school 10. What is Jaden Willoughey's attitude to the "phone-free schools" policy?A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Unconcerned. D．Unclear.11. Which statement will Jared Christensen probably agree with?A．There is competition among teachers. B．It is worthwhile to battle for freedom.C．His students have made little progress. D．The new cellphone policy is beneficial. Imagine a customer-service center that speaks your language, no matter what it is. Alorica, a company in Irvine, California, which runs customer-service centers around the world, has introduced an artificial intelligence (AI) translation tool that lets its workers talk with customers who speak 200 different languages and 75 dialects. So an Alorica worker who speaks, say, only Spanish can deal with a complaint about an incorrect bank statement from a Cantonese speaker in Hong Kong. And it wouldn't need to hire an employee who speaks Cantonese.However, Alorica isn't cutting jobs. It will increasingly hire those who are comfortable with new technology.Potentially, the threat: Perhaps companies won't need as many employees—and will cut some jobs—if chatbots can handle the workload instead. Consider Suumit Shah, an Indian businessman who caused an uproar last year by saying that he had replaced 90% of his customer support staff with a chatbot named Lina. The move at Shah's company, Dukaan, which helps customers set up e-commerce sites, reduced the response time to an inquiry from 1 minute, 44 seconds to "instant". It also cut the typical time needed to solve problems from more than two hours to just over three minutes.Similarly, researchers at Harvard Business School found in a study last year that job postings for writers, coders and artists decreased greatly within eight months of the arrival of ChatGPT.But being exposed to AI doesn't necessarily mean losing your job to it. The Swedish furniture retailer IKEA, for example, introduced a customer-service chatbot in 2021 to handle simple inquiries. Instead of cutting jobs, IKEA retrained 8,500 customer-service workers to handle such tasks as advising customers on interior design and fielding complex customer calls.The experience at Alorica and IKEA suggests that AI may not prove to be the job killer that many people fear. Instead, the technology might turn out to be more like breakthroughs of the past—the steam engine, electricity and the Internet, which get rid of some jobs while creating others and probably make workers more productive in general to the eventual benefit of workers themselves, their employers and the economy.12. What does the author want to tell us by the example in paragraph 1?A．The power of AI. B．The threat from humans.C．The customer requirements. D．The tips on language learning.13. What advantage does Lina have over other staff?A．Winning the trust of customers. B．Responding to customers faster.C．Selling more products to customers. D．Having a great relationship with Shah.14. What were IKEA's customer-service workers asked to do in 2021?A．Take on other duties. B．Leave their company.C．Move to HongKong. D．Develop latest chatbots.15. What is the best title for the text?A．How Will AI Change Our Lives? B．How Should We Use AI Effectively?C．Will AI Take Away Many Human Jobs? D．What Is the Future of TraditionalCompanies?How to Be Best FriendsThe relationship between best friends is one of the most important ones we experience in our lives. It's why we want to do as much as possible to make sure our best friend enjoys spending time with us. 16 . But every once in a while we need to remind ourselves of the things that make some friends more special than others.Stay together. Best friends don't have to do something crazy to have a good time. Sometimes, it's enough to go over to one of your houses and just hang out. Invite your friend over even when you don't have something special planned. 17 .Share happy moments. As you spend time together, there will be moments that cause the two of you to break into laughter. 18 . It'll make the two of you smile and start laughing again as well as remind both of you of all the happy moments that you've shared with each other.19 . We all have moments in life when we feel bad. If your friend is upset, talk to them and encourage them to express why they're feeling low. Try to see things from their perspective (角度) and offer comfort. They'll see how important they are to you and return the favor when you need it.Accept their weaknesses. No one is perfect. 20 . Don't try to change things about your friend that you think are bad or holding them back. They probably know what they are just as much as you do. In time, you may realize that these weaknesses are what drew the two of you together in the first place.One summer day in 2009, Megan Atherton was driving to her hometown of Pittsburgh. She was 23 years old and couldn't ______ to pay the rent for her apartment in Annapolis. She was ______ she could find a place to stay back home. But about an hour into the drive, Atherton's car ______. Even worse, her cellphone was dead because the ______ had been turned off in the apartment.______ to call for help, Atherton just stood on the side of the road. ______, the police arrived and helped her tow (拖) her car to a nearby repair shop. The ______ wasn't good: Her car would need repairs, which she didn't have ______ to cover.As she felt ______ about what to do next, a woman in the waiting room ______ her. The woman, who introduced herself as Toni, learned about Atherton's problem and offered to help her ______ for the car repair. Atherton was happy and grateful.Once she ______ the city, Atherton was able to find a homeless shelter and begin ______ her life. She never saw Toni again but thought of her often. "It was not possible that I ______ her enough. Itwas a very hard time in my life, and I honestly don't know what would have happened if she hadn't gone so far above and beyond for a ______," she said.21.A．stop B．pretend C．refuse D．afford22.A．worried B．relieved C．hopeful D．regretful23.A．broke down B．moved on C．slowed down D．sped up24.A．shower B．light C．electricity D．gas25.A．Ready B．Unable C．Expected D．Surprised26.A．Eventually B．Secretly C．Recently D．Proudly27.A．weather B．situation C．traffic D．job28.A．energy B．time C．money D．access29.A．excited B．certain C．curious D．lost30.A．approached B．attacked C．admired D．recommended 31.A．account B．pay C．apply D．look32.A．asked about B．searched for C．arrived in D．gave up33.A．replacing B．reporting C．remembering D．rebuilding 34.A．understood B．thanked C．needed D．forgave35.A．repairman B．policeman C．neighbor D．stranger阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

河南省九师联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试语文试题(含答案)

河南省九师联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试语文试题(含答案)

河南省九师联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、现代文阅读阅读下面的文字，完成小题。

材料一：在文化传承发展座谈会上，习近平总书记强调，在新的起点上继续建设中华民族现代文明，是我们在新时代新的文化使命之一。

建设中华民族现代文明，要坚定文化自信。

“要深入了解中华文明五千多年发展史，把中国文明历史研究引向深入，推动全党全社会增强历史自觉、坚定文化自信，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家、实现中华民族伟大复兴而团结奋斗。

”习近平总书记在深化中华文明探源工程集体学习时的重要讲话，意味深长。

2023年5月20日，中国文物工作者搭乘“深海勇士”号载人潜水器潜入南海，对西北陆坡两艘古代沉船进行大范围水下搜索和调查，并对提取文物进行全面研究，解读其中蕴藏的历史信息⋯⋯在五千多年漫长的文明发展史中，中国人民创造了璀璨夺目的中华文明，为人类文明进步事业作出了重大贡献。

还原文明从涓涓溪流到江河汇流的发展历程，孜孜不倦探寻文明起源的奥秘，不仅是为了解答“我是谁”“我从哪里来”，更是为了让全体中华儿女胸怀自信、阔步前行。

建设中华民族现代文明，要秉持开放包容。

2023年5月18日至19日，中国—中亚峰会在陕西西安举行。

“陕西是古丝绸之路的东方起点，见证了中国同中亚国家两千多年的深厚友谊。

千百年来，中国同中亚人民互通有无、互学互鉴，创造了古丝绸之路的辉煌，书写了人类文明交流史上的华章。

”习近平总书记说。

文明因多样而交流，因交流而互鉴，因互鉴而发展。

在新的起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明，要以更加博大的胸怀，更加广泛地开展同各国的文化交流，更加积极主动地学习借鉴世界一切优秀文明成果，促进外来文化本土化，不断培育和创造新时代中国特色社会主义文化。

湖北省新高考联考协作体2024_2025学年高二语文上学期期中试题

湖北省新高考联考协作体2024_2025学年高二语文上学期期中试题

湖北省新高考联考协作体2024-2025学年高二语文上学期期中试题试卷满分：150分1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写在相应位置，仔细核对条形码上的姓名、考号，并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上。

2.选择题答案必需运用2B铅笔(按填涂样例)正确填涂；非选择题答案必需运用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，绘图时，可用2B铅笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清晰。

3.请依据题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸试题卷上答题无效。

保持卡面整齐，不折叠不破损。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。

材料一：在人类文学巨擘们的创作史上，在人类哲学大师们的书本堆里，在人类历史学家们的笔触之下，在人类普罗大众们的口碑当中，有个话题恒久绕不开，那就是一个国家、一个民族为什么须要英雄?英雄是时代的象征。

据说英雄一词，最早出处为《汉书·刑法志》。

志云：高祖刘邦“总揽英雄，以诛秦项。

”三国时期魏国刘邵《人物志》卷中说明说：夫草之精秀者为英，兽之特群者为雄，两者兼得，方为英雄。

所谓英雄者，有亵渎一切之实力，傲视群雄之气概，敢为人之所不敢为，敢当人之所不敢当，能够挽狂澜于既倒，扶大厦于将倾。

英可以为相，雄可以为将。

若一人之身兼有英、雄，则能长世。

人类历史那么漫长，芸芸众生，不管是史学家，还是寻常百姓，要登记历史上的每一个人，明显做不到，也不须要做到，只好选取一些代表人物，尤其是英雄，来反映一个时代，代表一个时代。

战乱时代，英雄往往以武略而胜出：和平年头，英雄往往以文韬而成就。

否定英雄，就是否定一个时代，否定一段历史。

因为没有英雄，人们就会对历史失去记忆，人类文明史就会出现空白。

一个没有英雄的民族，必定是一个尚未由动物进化为人类的民族，在强权政治依旧盛行的当今世界必定走向灭亡。

司马迁写《史记》，以纪传体，记载的就是这样一些代表人物。

这些人物是时代的产儿，而又跨越时空。

湖北“荆、荆、襄、宜四地七校考试联盟”2024年高二上学期期中联考数学试卷(原卷版)

湖北“荆、荆、襄、宜四地七校考试联盟”2024年高二上学期期中联考数学试卷(原卷版)

2024年秋“荆､荆､襄､宜四地七校考试联盟”高二期中联考数学试题命题学校：襄阳四中 命题人：胡凤鸣 审题人：韩正洪 曹文君 李光益联合审题单位：圆创教育研究中心考试时间：2024年11月12日 考试用时：120分钟 试卷满分：150分★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名､准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.写在试卷､草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内.写在试卷､草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠､不要弄破､弄皱，不准使用涂改液､修正带､刮纸刀.一､选择题：本题共85分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 复数2(1i)z =+的共轭复数z =（ ）A. 2i −B. 2iC. 2−D. 22. 如图，ABC 斜二测画法的直观图是A B C ′′′ ，A B C ′′′ 的面积为2a ，那么ABC 的面积为( ).A. 2B. 2C. 2D. 2 3. 在ABC 中，设AB a =，AC b = ，若D 是线段BC 中点，2AE ED = ，则BE = （ ）A. 1133a b −−B. 1133a b −+ C. 2133a b −− D. 2133−+ a b 4. 如图，三个元件123,,T T T 正常工作的概率均为13，且是相互独立的，将它们接入电路中，则电路不发生故障的概率是（ ） A. 19 B. 127 C. 527 D. 7275. 已知点()0,0O ，若曲线C 上存在两点,A B ，使OAB △为正三角形，则称C 为Γ型曲线.给定下列三条曲线：①5y x =−+；②y=；③()10y x x =−>.其中，是Γ型曲线的个数是（ ） A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 36. 若圆台有内切球（与圆台上下底面及每条母线均相切的球），且母线与底面所成角的余弦值为12，则此圆台的表面积与其内切球的表面积之比为（ ） A. 43 B. 2 C. 136 D. 737. 小明同学在某次数学测试中的成绩是班级第十五名（每位同学测试的成绩两两不同），且小明同学的成绩恰好是该班成绩的第60百分位数，则该班的人数可能为（ ）A. 36B. 41C. 46D. 518. 正四面体Q ABC −中，QA a =，点M 满足()2QMxQA yQB x y QC =++−− ，则AM 长度的最小值为（ ）A. aB.C.D.二､多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9. 设l m ,是两条不同直线，,αβ是两个不同平面，下列命题为真命题的是（ ）A. 若,l αβα⊥⊥，则l ∥β或l β⊂的B. 若,l m l α⊥⊥，则m ∥α或m α⊂C. 若l ∥,m α∥α，则l ∥mD. 若,l m βα⊥⊥，则αβ⊥10. 有以下说法，其中错误的是（ ）A. 互斥的事件一定是对立事件，对立事件不一定是互斥事件B. 互斥的事件不一定是对立事件，对立事件一定是互斥事件C. 事件A 与事件B 中至少有一个发生的概率一定比A 与B 中恰有一个发生的概率大D. 事件A 与事件B 同时发生概率一定比A 与B 中恰有一个发生的概率小11. 某四面体的棱中恰好有一条的长度大于2，则此四面体的体积可能是（ ） A. 14 B. 12 C. 1 D. 2三､填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12. 已知复数z 满足34i 1z −+=，则z 的最大值是_________． 13. 如图，在梯形ABCD中，45,6B AB BC ∠== ，且16AD BC = ，若,M N 是线段BC 上的动点，且1MN = ，则DM DN ⋅ 的取值范围为__________.14. 已知圆22:4240C x y x my +−−+=和直线1:2C y x =+，折线2:22C y x =−+，若C 与1C 恰有一个公共点，则实数m =__________；若C 与2C 恰有两个公共点，则实数m 取值范围是__________. 四､解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.解答应写出文字说明､证明过程或演算步骤.15. 在三角形ABC 中，内角A B C ､､所对边分别为a b c ､､，已知πsin cos 6a B b A =−. （1）求角A 的大小；（2）若2c b =，三角形ABCABC 的周长. 16. 在如图所示的四棱锥S ABCD −中，底面ABCD 是梯形，且AD ∥,BC SA ⊥面ABCD ，,AB BC Q ⊥为SD 的中点.的的（1）若QA QC =，证明：CD ⊥平面SAC ；（2）已知8,4,2AD BC AB ===，斜线SB 和平面ABCD 所成角正切值为2，求平面ACQ 和平面SCD 的夹角的余弦值.17. 已知椭圆()2222:10x y E a b a b +=>>的焦点为()1F −和()2F ，短轴长为4. （1）求椭圆E 的标准方程；（2）设椭圆上､下顶点分别为12P P ､，过点()0,1Q 的直线1l 与椭圆E 交于A B ､两点（不与12P P ､两点重合）.证明直线1AP 与直线2BP 交点的纵坐标为定值，并求出该值.18. 某校艺术团共有150人，男生与女生的比例是2:1.为了解艺术团全体学生的身高，按性别比例进行分层随机抽样，抽取样本量为30的样本，并观测样本身高数据（单位：cm ）.已知男生样本的身高平均数为169.下表是抽取的女生样本的数据：记抽取的第i 个女生的身高为()1,2,3,,10i x i =⋅⋅⋅，样本平均数160x =，标准差s =. （1）用女生样本的身高频率分布情况估计艺术团女生总体的身高频率分布情况，试估计艺术团女生总体身高在[]160,165范围内的人数；（2）用总样本的平均数和方差估计艺术团总体身高的平均数µ和方差2σ，求2,µσ的值；（3）若女生样本数据在()2,2x s x s −+之外的数据称为偏离值，剔除偏离值后，计算剩余女生样本身高的平均数与方差.（其中，样本平均数160x =，标准差s =.）3.9≈，215925281=，216928561=.】19. 球面几何学是非欧几何例子，是在球表面上的几何学.对于半径为R 的球O ，过球面上一点A 作两条大圆的弧 AB ，AC ，它们构成的图形叫做球面角，记作BAC （或A ），其值为二面角B AO C −−的的的大小，其中点A 称为球面角的顶点，大圆弧 ,AB AC 称为球面角的边.不在同一大圆上的三点,,A B C ，可以得到经过这三点中任意两点的大圆的劣弧 ,,AB BCCA ，这三条劣弧组成的图形称为球面ABC ，这三条劣弧称为球面ABC 的边，,,A B C 三点称为球面ABC 的顶点；三个球面角,,A B C 称为球面ABC 的三个内角.已知球心为O 的单位球面上有不同在一个大圆上的三点,,A B C .（1）球面ABC 的三条边相等（称为等边球面三角形），若π2A = ，请直接写出球面ABC 的内角和（无需证明）；（2）与二面角类比，我们称从点P 出发的三条射线,,PM PN PQ 组成的图形为三面角，记为P MNQ −.其中点P 称为三面角的顶点，,,PM PN PQ 称为它的棱，,,MPN NPQ QPM ∠∠∠称为它的面角.若三面角O ABC −的三个面角的余弦值分别为13. ①求球面ABC 的三个内角的余弦值； ②求球面ABC 的面积.。

河南省郑州市十校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试历史试卷(含答案)

河南省郑州市十校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试历史试卷(含答案)

2024-2025学年上期高二年级期中联考试题历史学科注意事项：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。

考生应首先阅读试题卷上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答(答题注意事项见答题卡)。

在试题卷上作答无效。

一、选择题：本题共16小题，每题3分，共48分。

在每给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.西周时期，成王年幼继位，召公为太保，周公为太傅，太公为太师，相成王为左右。

“国人暴动”后，周厉王被国人驱逐，周定公、召穆公共同执政。

这些事例可以佐证西周( )A.舆论风气左右政治走向B.政治蕴含氏族遗风C.君臣政治地位趋于平等D.分封制进一步推广2.《南史》记载：“典签，本五品吏，宋氏晚运，多以幼少皇子为方镇，时主皆以亲近左右领典签，典签之权稍重……刺史行事之美恶，系于典签之口”。

大明年间(宋孝武帝年号),长王临蕃，典签皆出纳教命，执其枢要。

典签职权的变化( )A,有利于加强中央集权B.体现了地方行政效率的提高C.消除了南朝地方割据D.表明中枢行政体制逐渐完善3,唐代宗年间，刘晏对第五琦的榷盐法进行了改革，把政府统购统销食盐的方法，改为政府在产地统购食盐，以榷价批发给商人，再由商人运往各处零售，将政府从繁琐的食盐运销事务中解脱出来。

根据材料可知( ) A.重农抑商经济政策发生动摇B.官府放弃了食盐专营的经济政策C.改革提高了政府的运行效能D.食盐价格趋于降低利于改善民生4.唐太宗时期将文成公主嫁给吐蕃赞普松赞干布，唐中宗时期将金城公主嫁给吐蕃赞普赤德祖赞。

唐蕃的联姻( )A.加强了中原与西域密切联系B.保障了西南边疆的长治久安C.促进了民族间的互信与友好D.体现了民族政策的灵活多样5.交子诞生后，宋代政府将交子引入西北用于异地兑付钞引。

首先，商人将粮草运抵至西北地区，本地政府发给商人相应的交引，然后商人凭交引至四川兑付交子或铁钱，商人在支取交子后，不能在四川以外使用，只能赴川地使用。

这一规定( )A.开启了川陕地区的经济联系B.扩大了四川地区交子的发行量C.促进了长途贩运贸易的兴起D.促进纸币发行管理模式的革新6.1959年，在甘肃省武威磨咀子汉墓中出土了“王杖十简”,主要记载了“年七十受王杖”的诏书和殴击王杖主当弃市的诏令。

山东省名校考试联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

山东省名校考试联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World Place des Fetes — New York CityThis famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere. For date night, go to the bar with views of the open kitchen, or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire item menu. Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup.Le Doyenne — Saint — Vrain, FranceAustralian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables (马厩) of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm, restaurant, and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture. More than one hundred varieties of fruits, vegetables, and herbs make their way into Henry’s cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly.Mi Compa Chava — Mexico CityAlmost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s. On the sidewalk, crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco’s creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood. Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet, though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal.Vilas — BangkokCan a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients (原料) still be considered Thai? For Chef Prin Polsuk, one of Bangkok’s most famous Thai chefs, it most certainly can. At his latest restaurant, a small dining room at the base of Bangkok’s hulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower, he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks.1．What can you do in Place des Fetes — New York City ?A．Drink the red wine.B．Taste the mushroom soup.2．Which restaurant best suits people who suffer from alcohol?A．Place des Fetes.B．Le Doyenne.C．Mi Compa Chava.D．Vilas.3．What’s the purpose of the text?A．To introduce the features of some restaurants.B．To compare the origins of some restaurants.C．To state the similarities of some restaurants.D．To recommend some foods of some restaurants.The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to congenital eye disease. She has shown athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation.Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics.In 2017, Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments (视觉障碍), wanted to be an athlete. They had never attended a special education school and never achieved their athletic dream. Jia could only help them attend a local special education school. The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. Therefore, she decided to become more involved with special education.Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students as well as myself and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children. I hope that every child is like a different seed.Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life.”Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible (听得见的) traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowingshop and currently employ 16 visually impaired people, with an average monthly salary of 3,500 yuan per person.Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love!4．What can we learn about Jia from the passage?A．She won 43 sports medals in her country.B．She was strong-minded despite her disability.C．She was good at sports at the age of 5 years old.D．She never won national and world-class sports medals.5．What made Jia decide to occupy herself in special education?A．The high salary of special education.B．Her wish to enrich her life after sports.C．Local government’s need for special education.D．Her experience of helping two disabled brothers.6．Which of the following best describes Jia’s job on special education?A．Boring and dangerous.B．Patient and generous.C．Humorous and brave.D．Devoted and selfless.7．What did Jia do to help the disabled?A．She constructed audible traffic signals.B．She set up a massage shop on her own.C．She advised increasing indoor public places.D．She provided employmentopportunity for the blind.Coral reefs in Florida have lost an estimated 90% of their corals in the last 40 years. This summer, a marine heat wave hit Florida’s coral reefs. The record high temperatures created an extremely stressful environment for the coral reefs, which are currently also experiencing intense coral bleaching (白化).A coral is an animal, which has a symbiotic relationship with a microscopic algae (藻类). The algae gets energy from the sun and shares it with the coral internally. The coral builds a rock-like structure, which makes up most of the reef, providing homes and food for many organisms that live there. Coral bleaching is when the symbiotic relationship breaks down. Without the algae, the corals appear white because the rock skeleton becomes visible. If theFlorida is on the front lines of climate change. It is also on the cutting edge of restoration science. Many labs, institutions and other organizations are working nonstop to protect and maintain the coral reefs. This includes efforts to understand what is troubling the reef, from disease outbreaks to coastal development impacts. It also includes harvesting coral spawn (卵), or growing and planting coral parts. Scientists moved many coral nurseries into deeper water and shore-based facilities during this marine heat wave. They are digging into the DNA of the coral to discover which species will survive best in future.There are some bright spots in the story, however. Some corals have recovered from the bleaching, and many did not bleach at all. In addition, researchers recorded coral spawning. Although it’s not clear yet whether the larvae (幼虫) will be successful in the wild, it’s a sign of recovery potential. If the baby corals survive, they will be able to regrow the reef. They just have to avoid one big boss: human-induced climate change.8．What does the underlined word “symbiotic” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Reliable.B．Opposite.C．Harmonious.D．Contradictory. 9．What caused the coral bleaching?A．The rock skeleton.B．The microscopic algae.C．The high temperatures.D．The symbiotic relationship. 10．Which is not the efforts scientists made to help coral reefs?A．Transferring coral nurseries.B．Growing and planting coral spawn.C．Researching the DNA of the coral.D．Figuring out the reasons for problems. 11．Which of the following best describes the impact of scientists’ efforts?A．Identifiable.B．Predictable.C．Far-reaching.D．Effective.Scientists at the UCL Institute for Neurology have developed new tools, based on AI language models, that can characterize subtle signatures in the speech of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (精神分裂症). The research, published in PNAS, aims to understand how the automated analysis of language could help doctors and scientists diagnose and assess psychiatric (病) conditions.Currently, psychiatric diagnosis is based almost entirely on talking with patients and those close to them, with only a minimal role for tests such as blood tests and brain scans. However, this lack of precision prevents a richer understanding of the causes of mental illnessThe researchers asked 26 participants with schizophrenia and 26 control participants to complete two verbal fluency tasks, where they were asked to name as many words as they could either belonging to the category “animals” or starting with the letter “p” in five minutes. To analyze the answers given by participants, the team used an AI language model to represent the meaning of words in a similar way to humans. They tested whether the words people naturally recalled could be predicted by the AI model, and whether this predictability was reduced in patients with schizophrenia.They found that the answers given by control participants were indeed more predictable by the AI model than those generated by people with schizophrenia, and that this difference was largest in patients with more severe symptoms. The researchers think that this difference might have to do with the way the brain learns relationships between memories and ideas, and stores this information in so called “cognitive maps”.The team now plan to use this technology in a larger sample of patients, across more diverse speech setting, to test whether it might prove useful in the clinic. Lead author, Dr. Matthew Nour, said: “There is enormous interest in using AI language models in medicine. If these tools prove safe, I expect they will begin to be used in the clinic within the next decade.”12．What is the disadvantage of current psychiatric diagnosis?A．It is greatly related to blood tests.B．It mostly relies on talking with patients.C．It refers to the words of patients’ family.D．It can’t comprehend schizophreniadeeply.13．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A．The process of the research.B．The tasks of the participants.C．The performance of researchers.D．The predictability of AI language models 14．What is Dr Matthew Nour’s attitude toward AI language models?A．Unclear.B．Positive.C．Doubtful.D．Negative. 15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．AI language new tools used in the clinic.B．AI language tools developed byscientists.C．AI language models treating schizophrenia.D．AI language models diagnosing schizophrenia.Protecting from aboveA deadly asteroid (小行星) heading toward the Earth is a common plot in sci-fi movies.16 An increasing number of space agencies are now taking steps to defend against near-Earth asteroids (NEAs).17Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), recently told CCTV News that China will start to build Earth and space-based monitoring and warning systems to detect NEAs. 18 In 2025 or 2026, China hopes to be able to closely observe approaching asteroids before impacting them to change their path toward our planet.Making an impactNASA also has its own program for developing technology to deflect (使转向) incoming asteroids. On Nov 23, 2021, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was launched to slam into Dimorphos and change the speed at which it orbits its space neighbor, Didymos, an asteroid approximately 2, 560 feet in diameter (直径). 19Global effort20 It also re-launched its Planetary Defense Office in 2021, according to Electronics Weekly. Restarting the program, which seeks to communicate with space agencies around the world, is due to “the global character of the dangers we all face due to asteroids”, said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher.A．Plan to protect.B．Taking prompt actions.C．But most people believe this is only an imagination.D．However, this is also a risk we should be worried about in real life.E．They are aimed to classify incoming NEAs depending on the risks they pose.F．The European Space Agency (ESA) signed a deal to make a spacecraft for a joint mission with NASA．G．This will help prove out one viable (可行的) way to protect our planet from a dangerous asteroid.Watching a plane fly across the sky as a young boy, Todd Smith knew that flying was what he wanted to do when he was older.After five years’ training, he finally 21 his dream job in his late twenties-working as an airline pilot. But in 2019, the travel firm he was 22 for was closed down.By this time Mr Smith had become increasingly 23 about the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation (航空) industry’s carbon emissions (碳排放). “I had an uncomfortable 24 ,” he says. “I was really eager to get involved in environmental protest groups, but I knew it would ruin my 25 , and I had a lot of 26 . It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off.”Yet after hesitating for several months, Mr Smith finally 27 to quit his flying career for good. “I prefer flying and 28 interesting destinations, and earning a decent 29 ,” says Mr Smith. “But when we are 30 the climate and ecological emergency, how could I possibly 31 my needs? We need to think about how to 32 the biggest threat to humanity.”Giving up his dream job was a 33 decision, he says. “Financially I’ve been really 34 . It’s been challenging, but taking action has 35 my anxiety.”Mr Smith is now a climate activist.21．A．quit B．changed C．completed D．landed 22．A．waiting B．preparing C．working D．looking 23．A．concerned B．curious C．serious D．doubtful 24．A．tension B．conflict C．solution D．passion 25．A．fame B．life C．ambition D．career 26．A．needs B．debts C．pressures D．troubles 27．A．refused B．promised C．expected D．decided 28．A．discovering B．comparing C．recording D．visiting 29．A．salary B．honor C．award D．title 30．A．accustomed to B．faced with C．addicted to D．trapped in 31．A．remove B．raise C．meet D．stress 32．A．issue B．view C．make D．handle34．A．saving B．struggling C．investing D．contributing 35．A．covered B．balanced C．eased D．increased四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

上海市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题(含答案)

2024学年第一学期期中教学质量检测高二英语试卷说明：（1）本场考试时间为120分钟，总分140分；（2）请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 7:15. B. At 7:50. C. At 8:05. D. At 9:00.2. A. Unconcerned. B. Surprised. C. Doubtful. D. Delighted.3. A. He is rather disappointed. B. He can’t accept the result.C. He knows his own limitation.D. He doesn’t care about a promotion.4. A. She wants to get some sleep. B. She is to prepare a presentation.C. She has to attend a chemistry class.D. She is troubled by her sleep problem.5. A. Get more food and drinks. B. Invite more people.C. Frepare for a party.D. Tidy up the place.6. A. Take a taxi to the zoo. B. Walk to the zoo.C. Cross the street.D. Wait for the bus.7. A. The woman arrived too early for registration.B. The woman got a wrong class permit.C. The woman misplaced her class permit.D. The woman missed the registration deadline.8. A. They haven’t agreed on where to live.B. They don’t want to live in a noisy area.C. They both work in the downtown area.D. They hope to save money for the wedding.9. A. It will clear up in the lake area tomorrow.B. The lake will be clear after the heavy rain.C. The woman is inviting the man to go to the lake.D. The woman might have to change her plan for tomorrow.10. A. They love Italian food more than anything else.B. They are disappointed at the restaurant’s recent changes.C. They are satisfied with the current chef at the restaurant.D. They are unhappy with the prices of food at the restaurant. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They found it charming. B. They didn’t care about it.C. They were annoyed by it.D. They had mixed feelings about it.12. A. It wasn’t being properly maintained.B. People didn’t care whateve r mess it might be in.C. There were no effective regulations concerning visitors.D. It was poorly designed and constructed in the first place.13. A How the White House has become what it is today.B. Why more people from home and abroad visit the White House nowadays.C. How the White House has been damaged by tourists throughout history.D. How the White House became the official residence of the U. S President.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. More of them are smoking cigars.B. Teens are becoming more addicted to cigarettes.C. There has been an 11% increase in the number of teen smokers.D. Teens are increasingly exploring healthy alternatives to cigarettes15. A. Most of the teens buy cigars because of peer pressure.B. There are only fruit-flavored cigars available on the market.C. They can be purchased one at a time so they are afforded by the teens.D. They are quite expensive and require the teens to save their allowance.16. A. The Cigar Association has taken action against flavored cigars.B. There are no special restrictions on the sale of flavored cigars.C: Teens have been taught cigars are less poisonous than cigarettes D. The attempts to stop teens from smoking cigars have been effective. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She is interested in attending an American university.B. She is calling to consult for her friend.C. She wants to learn some basic language skills.D. She has to study English for the sake of her job.18. A. To help people find a hetter job.B. To help people with English learning.C. To help people get enrolled in, a famous university.D. To help people improve communication skills.19. A. It is a form that helps the students get a student vise.B. It is a certificate that Indicates the student’s English proficiency.-C. It is a certificate that shows the student’s education experiences,D. It is a reference letter that helps the students get into the U. Sembassy.20. A. Applicants need to pay the tuition at the beginning.B. Applicants must confirm their applications in person.C. Applications can be made through the Internet or by mail.D. Applicants can apply to join the program at any time they want.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Hell of the Sandwich LunchThe competition to be the worst two words in the English language is extremely hard-fought. Surprise party. Cruise holiday. Rice pudding. Keen golfer. The list goes on and on. But right up there is “sandwich lunch”. S eparately, (21) ______ of these words contains lots of beautiful promise. In combination, however, they spell horrible disaster.Most obviously, they signal that your lunch is ruined. You might have been planning to stroll through a park or eat with a friend. Now you will be spending your break working, (22) ______(trap) in a meeting room with several of your colleagues. Even more annoyingly, your manager has announced that sandwiches will be provided (23) ______ you shouldbe grateful for the kindness and consideration.The actual food choices are not yours. Instead, they appear(24) ______ make) by a six-year- old. The centre piece is a piatter of sandwiches cut into triangles. There are paper plates. You can’t help (25) ______( look) around for party hats and balloons.Not that you actually eat much. The etiquette（礼仪）of the sandwich lunch requires everyone to take less than they want, in order to signal that they are team players (26) ______ know how to share. People politely wait their turn and then restrict themselves (27) ______a few items. Your own paper plate is fairly typical: two triangles of bread, four salt-and-vinegar crisps （薯片）,a limp salad leaf and one plum tomato. It’s about as appetizing as a cup of sand. You pick up the biggest of your four crisps and put it in your mouth just as the boss begins to lay out the agenda for the discussion. Crisps are never (28) ______ (noisy) than when eaten at a sandwich lunch. Every bite thunders（响声穿透）through the room; eyes flick your way with each crunch and then back to the speaker. You wonder (29) ______ it takes for a crisp to dissolve（溶解）through the action of saliva（唾液）alone, and conclude it is better to get the whole thing over with. Cue a desperate loud burst of chewing and all eyes are now on you. The boss has stopped speaking. One final bite, and a swallow. The crisp as well as your promotion prospects (30) ______( be) dead.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. easeB. fittingC. forceD. modestE. preciselyF. primarilyG. robbedH. awesomeI. encounterJ. starvingK. warnedThe Problem of Totally Epic Language InflationStan Carey recently wrote a short blog about language inflation, which ultimately creates devaluation in meaning Today, popular expressions like epic and brilliant are used to express a more 31 meaning than their traditional uses. Brilliant actually means clever, and epic actually means surprising. Such is our desire to elevate words with power and importance, that we use hyperbole（夸张）to draw attention.The same tendency can be seen in numbers as well. Once giving 110% became cliché, people started insisting that they give 210%,310%, and on and on. To create even more 32 behind the phrase, people will also throw in a literally. I literally gave 210%.This is no new trend. My generation destroyed words like awesome and totally. My parents and grandparents 33 of meaning words like incredible, wonderful, and fantastic.Irish novelist C. S. Lewis expressed concern over language inflation: “Don’t say infinitely when you mean very; otherwise, you’ll have noword left when you want to talk about something really infinite.”And this is 34 where we find ourselves right now. We have no words 35 when we want to say that something truly is awe-inspiring.This can also make it all the more difficult for modern readers to connect with older books. Particularly, it can cheapen our understanding of the Scriptures（圣经）. As a child of the 80s, I was never at 36 calling God awesome, because as far as I knew, it meant something much less great. If my sunglasses are totally awesome, I need some other word for God! Our souls are 37 in the current culture. We neglect the spiritual aspects of our own existence more and more. It makes sense that the language would reflect that as well. Caring 38 for our physical needs, we run across fewer moments that inspire us with true awe. Those emotions would require a(n) 39 with the significant and the time to contemplate （沉思）it.But who’s got the time or the desire for that We’ll settle for（将就）pretty good experiences and call them totally 40III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Dare to FollowAlmost everyone aspires to lead. If there is one thing anyone with a job and a pulse needs to learn, it is how to 41 . That, at least, is the message from the tsunami of books, courses, videos and podcasts on the topic. Business schools offer all kinds of leadership training. You are told how to lead without actually being a leader.42 in all this is an inconvenient fact. Most people in the workforce are not leaders and pretty much everyone 43 someone else. The most useful skill to have in your current job may well be how to be a good follower. That leaders depend on followers might seem blindingly obvious, but the way that people lower down the ladder interact with those above them gets much less attention than the 44 . A corner of the management literature is 45 to “followership”, but it remains small, for several reasons.The first is that you don’t need any advice to achieve the positi on of 46 ; you will never be more of one than on the very first day of your very first job.The second reason is that, although some people have little desire to be in a position of authority, very few aspire to follow. The word itself is associated with 47 , weakness and complaints. In an experiment conducted by Colette Hoption of Seattle University and her co-authors, people who were randomly assigned to the role of followers felt unhappier and were less willing to do work at the weekends and early inthe morning than those given the 48 of leaders.The third reason why the art of following gets little attention is that most subordinates（下属）have much less agency than the people 49 them. There is often no choice in whom you report to. Leaders, not followers, set the tone: 50 bosses are not old-school command-and- control types, they shape how everyone beneath them behaves.·If such things explain why leadership is 51 , the behaviour of followers is still crucial. Hierarchies（等级制度）can be more fluid（流动的）than they sometimes look: as teams form and dissolve, you may be leading a project one month and 52 the next. Things generally go better when people at every level are engaged in their work and prepared to take on responsibility.Proactivity is a big part of being an effective follower. One of the fathers of the field, Robert Kelley, has usefully 53 five styles of followership: sheep, yes-people, unfriendly followers, pragmatists, and stars. Which 54 of follower people fall into will undoubtedly depend on their boss. But it will also depend on them: on whether they ingratiate（讨好）themselves with their managers or 55 them; on whether they see their boss as someone to support or complain about. As the British Army puts it, “To follow effectively… is a choice.”41. A. start B. lead C. acquire D. convey42. A. Special B. Abundant C. Missing D. Competent43. A. counts on B. reports to C. calls for D. alternates with44. A. reverse B. authority C. agenda D. convention45. A. blinded B. reduced C. dedicated D. accustomed46. A. candidate B. consultant C. executive D. follower47. A. courage B. passivity C. discrimination D. dignity48. A. leisure B. duty C. label D. payment49. A. supervising B. surrounding C. defending D. entertaining50. A. even if B. now that C. given that D. provided that51. A. under the weather B. in the dark C. in the spotlight D. on cloud nine52. A. contributing B. dominating C. selecting D. appointing53. A. hired B. surveyed C. identified D. designed54. A. campaign B. category C. trap D. business55. A. defend B. sponsor C. influence D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)A biography of Bill Gates: Dollar Bill“Americans appear to be growing increasingly uneasy about billionaires,”observes Anupreeta Das, a journalist at the New York Times. With his long career and its many ups and downs, Mr. Gates is “the perfect prism （棱镜）through which to project tricky moral questions” in pursuit of a “collective rethink” about American values.In the biography, Ms. Das goes from the founding of Microsoft in 1975 to its stock market flotation（上市）11 years later. By 1995 Mr. Gates was the youngest billionaire and the richest person in America but was facing a new problem: his company was so dominant that it attracted the attention of antitrust regulators. The heroic nerd had come to be seen as a villain（反派）.So, Mr. Gates reinvented himself as a philanthropist（慈善家）, establishing the world’s largest charitable foundation with his then wife Melinda and promoting among other billionaires the Giving Pledge (a promise to donate most of one’s wealth to charitable causes). So successful was this reinvention that Mr. Gates was the most admired man in the world from 2014 to 2019, according toYouGov polls.But then his scandals （丑闻）led to the collapse of his marriage. At the same time, the power of his foundation began to come under increasing inspection. The foundation pours billions into public-health initiatives, outspending many governments, and thus shapes health policy in many countries - yet it is accountable to nobody but the Gateses. During the covid-19 pandemic, Mr. Gates was also the subject of conspiracytheories（阴谋论）suggesting that he was profiting from vaccines and even injecting tiny microchips into people. The hero had once again become a villain.But Ms. Das’s book is most interesting when it shows how Mr. Gates has influenced other billionaires, such as Mark Zuckerberg and Jeff Bezos, - how they have followed his example, and how they have not.The book shows Mr. Gates from many angles but provides few insights of him as a person. There is a Gates-shaped hole at the centre of the narrative; Ms. Das was not allowed to interview Mr. Gates. So what does she conclude about billionaires They are, she suggests, lightning rods.（避雷针）for deeper concerns about inequality and privilege. But she holds back from making a strong argument about Mr. Gates. A book that promises to tackle billionaires’ place in society asks many questions, but also asks readers to make up their own minds.56. What is the main pur pose of Anupreeta Das’s biography of Bill GatesA. To document the personal life and career success of Bill Gates.B To celebrate Bill Gates’s achievements in the technology industry.C. To provide a detailed account of the history of Microsoft.D. To explore the moral implications of America values.57. Why was Bill Gates regarded a villain①Microsoft was so dominant as to attract the attention of antitrust regulators.②He established the world’s largest charitable foundation and reinvented himself as a philanthropist.③His investment in public-health initiatives exceeded many governments, thus shaping health policy accountable to only the Gateses.④He was accused of profiting from vaccines and even injecting tiny microchips into people during the covid-19 pandemic.A. ①②④B.①③④C. ②③④D. ①②③④58. Which of the following is most likely to be included in this bookA. A specific description of Ms. Das’ interview with Bill Gates and the transcript of it.B. Bill Gates’ personality, hobbies, and personal anecdote s in his early life at Microsoft.C. The story that Mr. Zuckerberg faced his own crisis, and turned to Mr. Gates for advice.D. Ms. Das’ strong argument about Mr. Gates, such as concerns about inequality and privilege.59. What is the overall tone of the author towards Bill Gates and other tech billionaires in this bookA. Neutral and informative.B. Admiring and supportive.C. Critical and disapproving.D. Sympathetic and understanding.(B)Hiking Three Great WalksTHE LARAPINTA TRAILDifficulty: ModerateThe Larapinta Trail is a 142-mile bushwalk across the Northern Territory’s sunbaked West MacDonnell Ranges, traversing arid outcrops before descending to swimming holes. Starting in Alice Springs/ Mparntwe, it takes nearly three weeks to hike the length of the trail to its glorious sunrise climax at Mount Sonder, but the trail is divided into 12 sections to allow for day walks, overnight treks and multi-day hikes. World Expeditions offers packages ranging from self-guided treks toall-inclusive guided tours with stays at tented eco-camps,fromA$4,000( 2,040) perperson. au worldCAPE TO CAPE WALKDifficulty: ModerateWestern Australia’s Margaret River draws surfers and oenophiles thanks to its bountiful breaks and wineries. Weaving between them is the77-mile Cape to Cape Track, a coastal trail that navigates karri forests and cliffs along the length of Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park. The trail can take up to seven days to complete and is open year-round-plan your visit between June and December for the chance to spot humpbackwhales during their annual migration. Basic camping is allowed on the trail but a popular option is to stay in Margaret River and catch shuttles from there to the trailheads..auSCENIC RIM TRAILDifficulty: HardQueensland’s four-day, 29-mile Scenic Rim Trail starts with aheart-pumping climb 2,300ft up the Mistake Mountains. From here, you’re met with steep, track that meander through ancient rainforest. Look out for koalas in the treetops and kangaroos bouncing across the path and spend the night camping beneath eucalypts. The challenging topography means independent hiking is best left to experienced navigators. Spicers Scenic Rim Trail offers small group tours with stays in luxury tents and farmhouses,fromA$1,750( 900)perperson.parks.desi.qld.60. Which of the following statement is TRUEYou can go camping on all of these three hiking trails.B: You can spot many wild animals when hiking the larapinta trail.C. It is recommended for beginner hikers to choose the scenic rim trail.D. The difficulty, cost, length and related site of each hiking route are mentioned in the passage.61. John has a budget of A$2,000 and two weeks of vacation time to go on a hiking adventure. He loves sea views, and is also a wine lover.Which trail would be the most suitable for himA. The larapinta trail.B. Cape to cape walk.C. Scenic rim trail.D. None of them.62. Where is this article most likely to appearA. China DailyB. The EconomistC. The New YorkerD. National Geographic Traveller(C)Increasingly, AI-generated outputs drift across our feeds and searches. Far beyond our screens, the entire culture is becoming affected.A recent study examining scientists’ peer reviews revealed that the word “meticulous（严谨的）” was used 34 times more often than in t he previous year. The phrasing, one of the favorite buzzwords of modern large language models like ChatGPT, indicates that many researchers are handing their work over to AI.This reflects a much bigger problem. Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes AI-generated replies, all to attract follows. Then there is the growing use of AI to scale the creation of cheap synthetic videos for children on YouTube. The narratives make no sense, and characters appear and disappear randomly. As a neuroscientist, this worries me. Isn’t it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive nutrients— things like cohesive narrations and character continuity— that developing brains need But what happens when atoddler is consuming mostly AI-generated contentIt’s worth looking to a historical analogy（类比）for our current situation: the environmental movement. For just as companies and individuals were driven to pollute by economic incentives, so, too, is AI’s cultural pollution driven by a rational de cision to fill the internet’s appetite for content as cheaply as possible. However, there has been undeniable progress keeping our cities mostly free of smog. HowGarrett Hardin, a biologist and ecologist, emphasized in 1968 that pollution was an over exploitation of shared resources driven by people acting in their own interest, and that “we are locked into a system of‘fouling（污染）our own nest,’ so long as we behave only as independent, rational, free enterprisers.” He summed up the problem as a “tragedy of the commons（公共用地）.” This acknowledgement was crucial to the environmental movement, which relied on government regulation to do what companies alone could or would not do.Once again, we find ourselves enacting a tragedy of the commons:short-term economic self- interest encourages using cheap AI content to maximize clicks and views, which in turn pollutes our culture. And so far, major AI companies are refusing to help identify AI’s creation- which they could do by adding statistical patterns hidden in word use or in the pixels of images.To deal with this corporate refusal to act we need the equivalent of aClean Air Act: a Clean Internet Act. A simple solution would be to legislatively force advanced watermarking in AI- generated outputs. Just as the 20th century required extensive interventions to protect the shared environment, the 21st century must protect a different, but equally critical, common resource: our shared human culture.63. Why does the author express concernA. AI-generated content is difficult to detect.B. Young children are overly exposed to online content.C. Our culture is affected by low-quality AI-generated content.D. Technological issues, similar to environmental problems, are serious.64. Which of the following examples best il lustrates a “tragedy of the commons”？A. Fishermen overfishing to earn as much as possible.B. Netizens uploading an excessive number of videos online.C. Students using AI to generate answers for exam questions.D. Governments failing to establish partnership with companies.65. According to the author, the issue discussed can be resolved by______ .A. controlling the volume of AI-generated contentB. regulating AI outputs to make them more identifiableC. urging tech companies to improve the quality of AI generationD. encouraging people to treat culture as seriously as they treatenvironmental issues66. Which of the following serves as the most suitable title for the passageA. A tragedy of the commons: the importance of regulationB. AI outputs are overwhelming: potential risks of AI technologyC. Navigating the digital age: why AI should be used with cautionD. Addressing AI-generated garbage: endangered culture needs legislationSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But that is complicated by another of the researchers’ findings.B. They are predatory birds that will gladly seize unattended eggs.C. Now a paper by Libourel and Lee reports another clever adaptation.D. The birds may readily steal nesting materials from unguarded neighbours, for instance.E. But the fact that the birds are able to incubate eggs under such conditions proves the naps useful.F. Like ducks, chinstrap penguins can sleep with either their whole brain or with just one hemisphere at a time.The biology of sleep: Forty thousand naps near the seaSleep is a bit of an evolutionary mystery. A sleeping animal cannot lookfor food, defend its territory or flee from danger. The fact that sleep is nonetheless common among animals suggests its restorative powers are essential. So does the fact that, if laboratory animals are deprived of it for long enough, they die.Some animals, though, have developed unique ways to balance the need for sleep and the need for staying alert. Dolphins and ducks can sleep with only half their brains at a time, leaving the other half alert. 67 Chinstrap penguins（帽带企鹅）, it seems, take their sleep in the form of thousands of tiny micro-naps.The researchers captured 14 penguins on King George Island, and their brain activity was tracked remotely through electrodes. While ducks sleep in long stretches, the researchers discovered that the penguins were napping for just a few seconds at a time, hundreds of times an hour.They offer two explanations for the penguins’ sleep patterns. The first is to do with external threats. Penguins often incubate（孵化）their eggs alone while their partners are away foraging for food. Colonies are threatened by brown skuas（棕贼鸥）. 68 Broken sleep may be an evolutionarily smart way of getting some shut-eye during longegg-guarding watches while still remaining able to react to danger.69 Birds with nests near the edge of the colony ought to be at greater risk than those in the centre. But birds on the edges of the colonyseemed to enjoy longer and deeper naps than those near the middle. That leads to the second suggestion, which is to do with the penguins themselves. Penguin colonies are noisy, crowded places, and threats may come from within as well as without. 70 Birds in the bustling, crime-ridden centre of the colony may simply find it harder to get any shut-eye than those living in the safer, quieter suburbs.Choosing between those theories will require more research. Both, of course, could prove to be true.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. The Marketing Success of the Staley Cup QuencherIn the world of drinkware, the Stanley Cup Quencher has emerged as a true success story. captivating consumers and dominating, the market. This insulated tumbler has become a household name, with its popularity soaring across various demographics. The Stanley Cup Quencher’s success is not just a matter of luck; it is a testament to the power of effective product positioning.The company identified its target market as millennials and Gen Z consumers who value durability, style, and functionality in their drinkware. These consumers lead active lifestyles and are always on the。

安徽A10联盟2024—2025学年高二上学期11月期中语文试题及答案

2023级高二上学期11月期中考语文试题本试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。

请在答题卡上作答。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。

材料一：人与自然的生命共同体是一个“命运共同体”。

这里使用的“命运”概念，是指生命有机体所具有的一种不可改变的、必然的行为趋势、价值指向和最终归宿。

生存是生命的天命，因而生存就是一切生命不可改变的命运。

同样，如果没有人与自然的和谐共生，也就不能维持人与自然这个生命共同体的可持续生存。

因此，人类必须顺势而行，尊重自然生命，保护自然，把实现人与自然的和谐共生看作是人与自然这一生命共同体得以保全的必要条件。

从古代的农业文明经过近代的工业文明到当代的生态文明，人与自然的关系经历了一个历史的“否定之否定”的演变过程。

这一过程，也是人与自然生命共同体理念的形成过程。

农业文明中的人与自然的关系是以自然为中心的。

这种文明的主要生产方式是农业生产，而农业生产的基本特征就是它的“自然性”：这种生产是由“自然生命”直接进行的，因而是一种“自然性生产”——粮食是庄稼自己长出来的，而不是由人在生产过程中制造出来的，从这个意义上说，“庄稼”才是真正的“生产者”。

农民在生产中的作用，只是提高了产品的质量和数量。

在这种生产中，决定产品的质量和数量的主要条件是自然条件。

工业文明中的人与自然的关系是以人类为中心的。

工业生产的生产方式所具有的特殊性质，从根本上决定了人在整个社会生活中的主导地位。

工业生产已经不是人对自然的顺从，而是对自然界的改造，从而创造一个在自然界本来不存在的“人造物”；整个生产过程都是由人进行的，人真正成为生产的主体，让自然服从人的意志。

从个别人的观点看来，似乎“自动化生产”没有人的参与，仅仅是自然物（机器、电脑）在进行生产。

而实际上，在生产中劳动资料的运动，不过是人的“过去劳动”在运动，因而是人的“过去劳动”在进行生产，生产的全部产品，都是人的劳动的结果。

河北省邯郸市部分学校2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中联考 化学试题含答案

2024~2025学年度第一学期期中检测试卷高二化学（答案在最后）

全卷满分100分，考试时间75分钟。注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。可能用到的相对原子质量：H1Li7C12N14O16Na23S32Fe56Cu64一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.化学与生产、生活息息相关。下列说法正确的是A.用锡焊接的铁质器件，焊接处容易生锈B.可使用广泛pH试纸测量“84”消毒液的pHC.合成氨反应中使用催化剂可以降低反应活化能，使活化分子所占的比例减小D.使用加酶洗衣粉洗涤衣物，是为了减小反应速率【答案】A

【解析】【详解】A．用锡焊接的铁质器件，焊接处形成原电池的两极，铁为负极，更容易生锈，A正确；B．“84”消毒液有漂白性，不能使用广泛pH试纸测量该消毒液的pH，B错误；C．催化剂能降低反应的活化能，使活化分子所占比例增大，C错误；D．使用加酶洗衣粉洗涤衣物，相当于加入生物催化剂，加快化学反应速率，D错误；答案选A。2.下列关于电解质的说法错误的是

A.3CaCO和34HPO分别属于强电解质、弱电解质B.石墨虽能导电，但它不是电解质C.4NaHSO是强电解质，故在水溶液中的电离方程式为44

NaHSONaHSO



D.在相同条件下，等浓度醋酸溶液的导电性比盐酸弱，可以证明醋酸是弱电解质【答案】C

【解析】【详解】A．3CaCO是难溶的，但3

CaCO溶解的那一小部分是完全电离的，属于强电解质，34HPO在水

中只电离部分，属于弱电解质，A正确；B．电解质是指在水溶液或熔融状态下能够导电的化合物，石墨虽能导电，但石墨是单质，不是电解质，B正确；C．4NaHSO是强电解质，在水溶液中能够电离产生Na+、H+

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试卷 成都市九校09-10学年高二上学期期中联考试题

（全卷满分：100分 完成时间：90分钟） 本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共 100分。考试时间90 分钟。 第I卷（选择题，共47 分） 注意事项：考生将每小题所选出的答案填在第 II卷前面的表格的相应位置处。 一、本题共9小题，每小题3分，共27分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题 意要求。选对得3分，不选、多选、错选均不得分。 1 •在较暗的房间里，从射进的阳光中可以看到悬浮在空气中的微粒在不停地运动，这些微 粒的运动是（ ） A. 布朗运动 B.气流和重力作用下的运动 C.自由落体运动 D.气体分子的运动 2. 医院有一种先进的检测技术——彩超。向病人体内发射频率已精确掌握的超声波，超声 波经血液反射后被专用仪器接收。 测出反射波的频率变化， 就可知道血液的流速， 这一技术 主要体现了哪一种物理现象 （） （A）多普勒效应 （B）波的衍射（C）波的干涉 （D） 共振 3. 两列波相叠加发生了稳定的干涉现象，形成了干涉图样。以下关于该现象的说法中，错 误的是（ ） A. 两列波的频率一定相等 B. 振动加强的区域始终加强，振动减弱的区域始终减弱 C. 振动加强的区域与振动减弱的区域总是互相间隔的 D. 在波叠加区域的某一位置，振动加强与振动减弱会交替出现 4. 为了使真空中两个点电荷之间的作用力的大小变为原来的 A. 保持两电荷间距离不变，使两个电荷的电量均变为原来的 4倍

B. 保持两电荷间距离不变，使两个电荷的电量均变为原来的 2倍

C. 保持两电荷的电量不变，使两个电荷的距离变为原来的 4倍

D. 保持两电荷的电量不变，使两个电荷的距离变为原来的 2倍

4倍，下述方法正确的是（） 试卷 入电量为2q的正试探电荷，则此时测得该点的场强（ ） 5.在电场中的某点放入电量为 q的负试探电荷时，测得该点的电场强度为

E;若在该点放

A. 大小为E,方向和E相同 C.大小为2E,方向和E相同 B. 大小为E,方向和E相反 D. 大小为2E,方向和E相反 试卷 6•有A、B两个音叉，在同一段时间内 A音叉振动了 50次，B音叉振动了 60次。若两音叉 发出的声波在空气中的传播速度大小分别为 VA、VB，波长分别为 入A入叭则（ ） A. VA : v B= 1 ： 1,入 A :入 B= 5 ：6 B. VA : v B= 1： 1,入 A :入 B= 6 ：5 C. VA：VB = 5 : 6,入 A :入 B= 6 ：5 D. VA：VB = 5 : 6,入 A :入 B= 5 ：6

7.从下列哪一组物理量可以算出氧气的摩尔质量 （） （A）氧气的密度和阿伏加德罗常数 （B） 氧气分子的体积和阿伏加德罗常数 （C）氧气分子的质量和阿伏加德罗常数 （D） 氧气分子的体积和氧气分子的质量 &右图为测定压力的电容式传感器。现将电容式传感器、零刻度在中间的灵敏电流计和电

源串联成闭合回路。当压力 F作用于可动膜片电极上时, 膜片产生形变，引起电容的变化，导致灵敏电流计指针偏 转。在对膜片开始施加恒定的压力到膜片稳定之后，灵敏 电流计指针的偏转情况为（已知电流从电流表正接线柱流 入时，指针向右偏）（） A. 向右偏到某一刻度后回到零刻度

二、本题包括5小题，每小题4分，共20分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多个全选项 符合题意，全部选对得 4分，选对但不全得 2分，有错选得0分。 10. 封闭在气缸中，常温、常压下的气体（不计分子势能） ，在温度不变的条件下，设法使 其压强增大，则在这一过程中 （） （A） 气体分子的平均动能不变，每个分子的速率不变 （B） 外界对气体做了功，气体要向外放出热量 （C） 气体分子单位时间对气缸壁单位面积的冲量增大 （D） 气体与外界之间可以没有热量的交换 11. 右图为位于坐标原点的波源 A沿y轴方向做简谐运动刚好完成一次全振动时的波的图象， 图中B、C表示沿波传播方向上介质中的两个质点。若将该时刻设为 t=0时刻，已知该波的 波速为10m/s，则下列说法中正确的是 （）

可动电扱 B.向左偏到某一刻度后回到零刻度 C. 向右偏到某一刻度后不动 D. 向左偏到某一刻度后不动

9.在均匀介质中，各质点的平衡位置在同一直线上， 相邻两个质点的距离均为 a,如图（a） 所示，振动从质点1开始并向右传播，经过时间 t，刚传到第13个质 点，如图（b）所示，则该波的周期 T,波速v分别是（ ） A. T= 3t/2 , v= 12a/t B. T= 3t/2 , v= 16a/3t / A

2 / 9 6 7 t * 1

1 i

C. T= 2t/3 , v= 18a/t D. T= 2t/3 , v= 12a/t

1234 5 6 7 8 910H1213 试卷 （A） 波源A开始振动时的运动方向沿 y轴正方向 （B） 在此后的第1s内回复力对波源 A一直做正功 试卷 （C）从t=0时刻起，0.6s内质点C通过的路程为9cm （D）对波源A和质点B、C,在任何连续的4s内，回复力对它们做的总功均为零

12. 右图中c、d为某点电荷所形成的电场中的一条电场线上的两点， ，

以下说法中正确的是（） A. c点的场强大于d点的场强 B.负电荷在d点所受电场力比在 c点大

C.正电荷从d点到c点电势能一定增加 D. c点电势高于d点电势 13. 在两块平行金属板 A、B之间加如图所示的变化电压，此电压的值不变，但每过 T/2改 变一次极性。若t = 0时A板电势为正，在此时由 B板无初速释放一电子，且已知电子在两 板间运动的时间不小于 T/2中，则以下说法中正确的是（ ） A. 电子会一直向 A板运动； B. 电子将在 A、B两板间来回运动； C. 在t = T时，电子将回到出发点； D. t = T/2时电子具有最大速度。

14. 平行板电容器内部虚线范围内有偏转电场，一束离子 （不计重力）从两板正中间P处沿 垂直电场的方向入射， 出现了如图所示的a、b、c偏转轨迹，下列说法中正确的是：（）

A若为同种离子，则 a和b在电场中运动的时间相同; B若为同种离子，则 b和c在电场中运动的时间相同; C若初速度相同，则 a和b在电场中运动的时间相同; D若初速度相同，则 b和c在电场中运动的时间相同; 申 ■ E ------------ 1 试卷 第II卷（非选择题，共53分）

得分 评卷人

题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

选项

得分 评卷人

题号 10 11 12 13 14

选项

题号 选择题 -三- 四 总分 17 18 19

三、本题共2小题，共12分。其中15小题每空2分，16小题每空1分。 15. 在用油膜法测油酸分子的实验中， 油酸酒精溶液的浓度为每 1000mL油酸酒精溶液 中有0.6mL。用滴管向量筒中滴 50滴上述溶液，量筒中的溶液体积增加 1mL。将一滴这样的 溶液滴入盛水的浅盘中（水面浮有少许痱子粉） ，由于酒精溶于水，油酸在水面展开，稳定 后形成单分子油膜面积为 750cm2，则每一滴油酸酒精溶液中含有纯油酸的体积为 m

（保留两位有效数字），根据上述数据，估算出油酸分子的直径为 m （保留两位有 效数字）。在这个实验中，某同学的计算结果偏大，可能是由于（ ）： A. 油酸未完全散开； B. 油膜中含有大量未完全溶解的酒精； C. 计算油膜面积时，舍去了所有不足一格的方格； D. 求每滴体积时，1 mL溶液的滴数多计了 10滴。 16 .在“用描迹法画出电场中平面上的等势线”的实验中： （1） 在下列所给出的器材中，应该选用的是 （ 用器材前的字母表示）： A . 6V的交流电源 B . 6V的直流电源 C . 100V的直流电源 试卷 D .量程0— 3V,零刻线在刻度盘中央的电压表 试卷

E .量程0— 300 A,零刻线在刻度盘中央的电流表 ⑵ 在实验中，要把复写纸、导电纸、白纸铺放在木板上，它们的顺序 (自上而下)

或“下”)。 (3)在实验中，闭合开关，接通电路。若一个探针与基准点 O接触, 另一探针已分别在基准点 O的附近找到实验所需要的两个等势点 a、b(如 图所示)，则当此探针与a点接触时，电表的指针应 ( 填“向左偏”、 “指零”或“向右偏”)。

四、本题共3小题，共41分。其中17小题12分，18小题14分，19小题15分。解 答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分， 有数值运 算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。 17. 如图所示为一列简谐横波在某一时刻的波的图象，波的传播速度为 5m/s，传播方 向沿x正方向。求： (1) 该波的振幅、波长和周期。 (2) 从图示时刻起，经过 9s质点A运动的路程是多少？ (3) 从图示时刻起，平衡位置位于 x=22m处的质点至少再经多长时间才能到达波峰？

是① _________ ；② _______ ；③ ，且导电纸有导电物质的一面要朝 ( 填“上”

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