名词专项讲解

名词要点

名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）

名词的数 1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法

2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化

名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’s 所有格及of 所有格知识点：一、名词的分类

1. 专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）

2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词可数名词

例: sister 、table 、bike 、window

例: family 、police 、class 、group 不可数名词

例: water 、air 、

wood 表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger 、

interest

【注意】

（1） family, class 等词作为一个整体时视为单数，强调其家庭/族成员或班级成员时视为复数；

（2）部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念： ① police 指警察、警官的总称，本身表示复数。 The police(主语)+谓语动词复数

② people 指人们、人民，本身表示复数。 (The)…people+谓语动词复数

people 指民族，有单、复数变化 e.g. fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族二、名词的单复数形式 (1) 规则变化：

名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s 或-es 1、一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例 bags 。

2、以s 、x 、sh 、ch 结尾的词加-es ，例bus-buses box-boxes 。

3、以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的词，y 变成i 加-es 例 city-cities ；以“元音字母+y ”结尾的词，直接加s 。

4、以o 结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es ，其余直接加s 。

5、以f 或fe 结尾的词，多数变f 或fe 为v 加es, roof 、proof 直接加-s ，例 life-lives wife-wives roof –roofs 。

(2)不规则变化

1.单词拼写发生变化

man-men woman-women policeman-policemen

foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children

2、某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面例：an Englishman-Englishmen an American-Americans

(3)不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用。

表示数量时用量词搭配。例：a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡)

two glasses of milk(两杯牛奶)

three pieces of paper(三张纸)

four bottles of water(四杯水)

三、名词所有格

含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。表示形式：

一种是’s所有格，一种是of所有格

Beijing is China’s capital.= Beijing is the captital of China.

This is Tom’s bike = This is the bike of Tom.

Lily is the key’s owner.= Lily is the owner of the key.

1．’s所有格构成

单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加’s，如 Lucy’s pen路西的钢笔Children’s Day（儿童节）；以s结尾的复数名词，只加’ , 如the students’ books 学生们的书。

2．几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s,

如 Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和莉莉的卧室)。

表示各自所有，则每个名词都加’s,

如 Lucy’s and Lily’s desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子)。

3.of 所有格：

1).of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格。

the map of China the door of the room

2).双重所有格： of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词

He is a friend of my _________(brother ) .

Is she a daughter of __________(you)?

1.They got much _____ from those new books.

A. ideas

B. photos

C. news

D. stories

2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.

A. orange, orange

B. oranges, oranges

C. oranges, orange

D. orange, oran ges

3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .

A. 25 minutes’ walk

B. 25 minute’s walk

C. 25 minute walk

D. 25 minutes walk

4. An old _______ wants to see you.

A. people

B. person

C. the people

D. the person

5. Help yourself to __________.

A. chickens and apples

B. chickens and apple

C. chicken and apple

D. chicken and apples

6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.

A. room’s number

B. rooms’ number

C. room numbers

D. rooms’ numbers

7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. A. family B. house C. home D. room

8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shangh ai .

A. Mary and Peter’s

B. Mary and Peter

C. Mary’s and Peter

D. Mary’s and Peter’s

9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.

A. her uncle

B. her uncle’s

C. her uncles

D. aunt’s

10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.

A. many experiences

B. much experience

C. an experience

D. a lot experience

11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.

A. you

B. your

C. your sister

D. your sister’s

12. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________.

A. Frenchmen, Germans

B. Germans ,Frenchmans

C. Frenchmans , Germen

D. Germen , Frenchmen

13.The team ________ having a meeting .

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

14. “Would you like _________?”“________,please.”

A. drink, Three coffees

B. a cup of drink, Coffees

C. a drink, A coffee

D. a drink, Three cups of coffees

15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood of _

_______ men.

A.earth and stone, millions of

B. earths and stones, millions

C. the earth and stone, million of

D. the earths and stones, millions

三巩固训练：

1. This is ___ reading-room.

A. the teacher’s

B. teacher’s

C. teacher’s

D. the teachers’

2. Nothing was found but ___ broken.

A. the room window

B. the room’s window

C. the room of the window

D. the window of room

3. How many___ would you like?

A. paper

B. bread

C. pieces of papers

D. pieces of bread

4. He was praised for his ___.

A. brave

B. bravery

C. bravely

D. great brave

5. Please get me a new ___ when you go to town.

A. clothes

B. dress

C. clothing

D. trousers

6. There are 34___ doctors in the hospital.

A. woman

B. women

C. woman’s

D. women’s

7. Some___ are even thinner than your little finger.

A. bamboo

B. bamboos

C. kinds of bamboo

D. kinds of bamboos

8. He was born in this town and now he lives in ___.

A. Building second

B. Building Two

C. the Building Two

D. Building the Second 9. Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.

A. a lot of work

B. much works

C. lots of homeworks

D. quite a lot of homeworks

10. Jack’s room is furnished with ___.

A. new furnitures

B. many new furnitures

C. many new pieces of furnitures

D. many new pieces of furniture

11. Have you read ___newspaper yet?

A. today’s

B. Today’s

C. the today’s

D. your today’s

12. It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.

A. a ten minutes

B. ten minutes

C. a ten minutes’

D. ten minutes’

13. Last month, he wrote me ___letter.

A. a 1000-word

B. 1000 words

C. a 1000-words

D. 1000 words’

14. He had a ___sleep yesterday.

A. a good night

B. a good-night

C. a good night’s

D. good-night’s

15. ___is not a long way to drive.

A. Three miles distance

B. Three-mile distance

C. Three miles’ distance

D. A three-mile-distance

16. His isn’t fit for the work. Please get me ___.

A. something else

B. somebody else

C. someone else’s

D. somebody’s else

17. Do you know how large ___ is?

A. population of China

B. Chinese population

C. China population

D. China’s p opulation

18. ___ is too much for the boy to carry.

A. The box weight

B. The box’s weight

C. The weight of the box

D. The box of t he weight

19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest ___ shop?

A. shoes

B. shoe

C. shoes’

D. shoe’s

20. What ___ weather we’re having these days!

A. nice

B. a nice

C. a bad

D. worse

21. They say that the meeting will be ___.

A. of very important

B. great importance

C. of great importance

D. great impo rtant

22. I’m going to call at ___ this evening.

A. Mr Black

B. the Blacks

C. Mr Black’s

D. Blacks’

23. What Darwin said was an attack on people’s religious ___.

A. belief

B. beliefs

C. beliefs

D. believs

24. There are some ___waiting for you outside.

A. German

B. American

C. grown-up

D. Japanese

25. Their factory has developed a kind of ___ to help people walk. A. machine B. machines C. a machine D. the machine

26. There’re many ___ in my brother’s album.

A. leafs

B. toys

C. books

D. stamps

27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of ___.

A. tomatoes

B. potatos

C. vegetable

D. meats

28. Upon hearing what I said, his ___ rose.

A. anger

B. angry

C. angrily

D. angriness

29. Excuse me, can you change this ___ for me?

A. five-pound note

B. five pounds note

C. five-pound notes

D. five pounds notes

30. You have to make ___ for your journey

A. preparing

B. preparation

C. a preparation

D. preparations

四课堂过手训练：

1. We haven't got much for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07)

A apple

B tomato

C bread

D biscuit

2.I’ve read_____ sports news about the Fl race today.(05)

A two

B pieces

C two piece

D two pieces of

3. Linda, I've bought many . Now let's make the birthday cake. （03）

A. fresh eggs

B. chocolate milk

C. frozen food D rice dumplings

4. You can get much ____________ about the World Expo on the Internet. (01)

A) map B) picture C) ticket D) information

5. Come on, children. Help yourselves to some if you like.(07年南通)

A fishes and chicken

B fishes and chicken

C fish and chicken

D fishes and chickens

6.They got much __________ on the Interne. (07年天津)

A photo B. ideas C message D. information

7. In the streets there are_________ of different colours and sizes.

A. taxi

B. the taxi

C. the taxis

D. taxis

8. These girls will become________. when they graduate from the medical college.

A. woman doctors

B. women's doctors

C. women doctors

D. the women doctor's

9. Usually________ are very careful in doing exercises.

A. girl students

B. girls students

C. girls' students

D. girl's studen ts

10. The waitress brought us_______.

A. glasses of juices

B. glasses of juice

C. glass of juices

D. glass of juice

名词专项讲解及练习

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英语名词知识点讲解

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3、名词复数的不规则变化 1）c hild---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---me n woma n---wome n 注意：与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。女口：an En glishma n， two En glishme n. 但Germa n 不是合成词，故复数形式为Germa ns ；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2 ）单复同形女口： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese, Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。女口： a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3 ）集体名词只在动词使用时区分，如果将名词所表示的集体是为一个整体，则位于动词用单数; 如果将名词表示的集体是为分散的个体，位于动词则用复数。如： The class is small.这是小班。 The whole class are working very hard at English.这个班上的学生学习英语很刻苦。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The Uni ted Natio ns was orga nized in 1945.联合国是1945 年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. <<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练解析附答案

一、选择题 1．I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A．wasn’t used; many B．didn’t use; tons of C．used not; many 2．— Do you know all the names in your class, Mr King? —No, only part of them. A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’ 3．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 4．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 5．—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A．woman teachers, clothes shops B．women teachers, clothes shops C．woman teachers, sport shops D．women teachers, vegetables shops 6．Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come. A．leaves B．leaf C．leafs D．leafes 7．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 8．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday — You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 9．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 10．Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A．boy students; woman teachers B．boy students; women teachers C．boys students; women teachers D．boys students; woman teachers 11．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 12．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 13．There was no bus in that small town. We had a_______ walk to get to the museum. A．5 kilometers B．5 kilometer’s C．5-kilometer D．5-kilometers 14．—________ shows are getting more and more popular. —That's true. And many people are truly________. A．Talent; talent B．Talent; talented C．Talented; talented D．Talented; talent

中考总复习名词专项讲解及练习

中考中考英语总复习名词专项讲解及练习一、初中英语名词 1．—Are you going out with Jade tonight? —That's my . Mind your own! A. offer B. business C. question D. chance 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——今天晚上你要和简一块出去吗？——那是我的事，管好你自己的事！offer提供； business商业; question问题；chance机会。That's my business那是我的事。故选B。【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析。以及offer；business; question；chance四个词的词义和用法。 2．（?广西百色）You must go to the ________ if you want to buy vegetables. A. supermarket B. library C. theatre D. bookshop 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想要买蔬菜，你必须去超市。A.超市;B.图书馆;C.剧院;D.书店。选项中只有超市有蔬菜买卖。故选A。 3．（·柳州）Paul is a friend of . A. my brother B. my brothers C. my brother's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：保罗是我弟弟的一个朋友。a friend of sb's...的朋友，双重所有格。应该是名词性物主代词或所有格，故选C。【点评】考查双重所有格。掌握考查双重所有格结构。 4．—I'm looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup. —Me too. I hope the German team will be the . It's my favourite. A. player B. winner C. loser 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：---我正盼望着2018年世界杯的决赛。---我也是，我希望德国队会是获胜者。它是我最喜欢的。player运动员；winner获胜者；loser失败者。根据后一句my favorite可知德国队是“我”支持的球队，当然希望它“赢”，故答案为B。【点评】考查名词辨析，理解句意，根据语境判断答案。 5．—What else do we need to make cold beef? — . A. Two spoons salt B. Two spoons of salts C. Two spoons of salt 【答案】 C

初中英语名词专项练习题

初中英语名词专项练习题 1、map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________ 2、 bus__________brush__________watch__________box__________ 3、 baby__________ city__________ country__________ 4、 hero__________ potato__________ zoo_________ tomato_________photo__________ 5、 knife__________leaf_______ wolf_______ wife__________ life__________ 6、 child__________ foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 7、 German__________Englishman__________ Chinese_________ 8、 deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________ 1、There are two__________ over there、 (watch) 2、 I like taking __________、 (photo) 3、 l can see a __________and two __________ standing there、 (man, woman) 4、 There are two baskets of__________ on the floor、(apple)

小学名词讲解及练习

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