必修2全册知识总结

慧林教育课时教案

日期：学生姓名：教师姓名：科目：

教学及辅导过程

必修2知识点总结

一、知识点

1. the ancient Olympic Games 古代奥运会

2. compete in …compete with other countries for world market 与其它国家竞争国际市场compete in a race 参加赛跑

compete with [against] sb. for sth. 与某人竞争而获得某物

Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning.我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了荣誉而彼此之间相互竞争。

3. take part in 参加

We all had to take part in the training run, with nobody excepted.

我们大家都得参加跑步训练, 无人例外.

4. What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? 奥运旗帜上的五环代表什么？stand for 代表；表示；主张；支持；拥护；容忍；允许

What does "ESL" stand for? "ESL"代表什么?

I won't stand for his insults any longer. 我再不能容忍他的污辱了。

5. the official mascots for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会吉祥物

Fuwa，the Official Mascots of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, carry a message of friendship ,peace and good wishes from China to children all over the world.

福娃是北京2008年第29届奥运会吉祥物，它们向世界的孩子们传达友谊、和平和良好的祝福。6. come on a magical journey 做梦幻之游come on (表劝说，鼓励等)来吧，走吧；开始

His French has come on a lot since he joined the conversation class.

他自从参加了会话班，法语取得了很大进步。

7. （a）volunteer for (……志愿者)志愿做……

Don't volunteer for more than you can handle. 别做力不能及的事情。

I want to be a volunteer for 2008 Beijing Olympics.

我想成为2008年北京奥运会的志愿者。

8. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” a nd used to write about the Olympics a long time ago 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。

We used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters.我们过去常写信联系对方。

I am used to reading stories to my daughter every night and she enjoys it.我习惯了每天给女儿讲故事，她也非常喜欢这样做。

Wood can be used to make furniture. 木头能用来做家具。

There used to be a temple at the place where our school stands now.在我们学校所在之处过去有一座庙。

9. …and both are held every four years on a regular basis. 两个都是定期每四年举行一次。on a regular basis 定期地He comes to visit us on a regular basis.他定期来看望我们。10. Only atheletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参见奥运会。

I am sure that he will be admitted to Beijing University this summer. 我肯定他今年夏天将被北京大学录取。

This ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。

The cinema admits about 2000 people.这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。

The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。His illness admits of no delay.他的病不容拖延。

He never admits that he is wrong. 他从不承认自己错了。

John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。

11. It is in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing, and all the team sports.跑步、游泳、划船和所有团队项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。

12. No other counries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。

13. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics…妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用。

14. as well 也；又；同样

as well as (除...之外)也,既...又

conj. 以及,又

I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well.

我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。

A teacher should entertain as well as teach.教师不仅要教书，也要激起学生的兴趣。

15 There is as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样地激烈。

16. So even the olive wreath has been replaced. 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了。

David will replace Mike in next week’s tennis competition. 大卫将代替迈克参加下周的网球赛。

The broken parts of the machine must be replaced, otherwise we can’t continue our work. 这些损害的机器部件必须得换，否则我们无法继续工作。

I have owned my car for almost ten years. This yea r I’ll replace it with a new one. 我的汽车用了差不多十年了，今年我要换一辆新车。

Would you replace the magazine after reading it? 读完杂志后把它放回原处好么？

17. Put forward your ideas and give reasons for your choice. 提出你的观点并给出你选择的原因。put forward 呈上；提出；提前；拨快(钟表)

Two advices of design are put forward.

提出了两点设计建议。

The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. 其原因是,这架飞机又是一辆自行车。

reason with sb. for [against] sth.

因赞成[反对]...同某人讲道理[辩论]

reason sb. out of his prejudice说服某人消除成见

reason sb. into accepting a proposal说服某人接受建议

18. be in/under sb’s charge管理

in charge of 负责

These books were left in your charge. 这些书由你管理。

The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building of the subway. 主任工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。

I was in charge of my sister. 我在照看我妹妹。

This ward is in [under]the charge of Dr Green. 这间病房是由格林大夫负责的。

How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle? 他修理自行车收了你多少钱?

Do you charge for the use of the office telephone at off-duty time? 下班时间打办公电话

你们收不收费?

The boy charged into the room. 男孩冲进屋里。

Suddenly the wild animal charged at us. 突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。

Those young men were charged by the police with causing a disturbance in the neighbourhood. 警察指控那些青年人在这一带犯了扰乱治安罪。

She charged me to look after her daughter. 她要我负责看管她的女儿。

19. physical exercise 体育锻炼

Physical fitness is having a strong healthy body. 身体健康就是有一个强壮健康的身体。physical change 物理变化

physical education 体育

20. rise to one’s feet 站起来，立起。

21. She was in front in her race when another competitor pushed her on purpose so that she fell down. 她在比赛中跑在前面，突然另外一个运动员故意推了她一下，结果她摔倒了。

22. take responsibility for…对……负有责任，负起对……的责任

23. If you are discovered, you will be fined. 如果被发现，你将被罚款。

He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation. 他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

24. win glory for sb. 为某人赢得荣誉

We must try to win glory for our school!我们必须设法为母校争光。

25. make a bargain with sb. 与某人成交

26. promise to do sth. 答应做某事

He has promised to behave better henceforth. 他答应从今以后要表现得好些。

She promised her brother that she would write to him. 她答应弟弟将给他写信。

This year promises to be another good one for harvests. 今年看来又是个丰收年。Remember to carry out your promise . 记住要履行诺言。

He broke his promise and did not come to see me. 他不遵守诺言，没来看我。

The news brings little promise of peace. 这消息使和平无望。

27. She practised running to compete in the Olympic Games. 为了参加奥运会她练习跑步。

28. Atlanta married him and lived happily ever after. Atlanta和他结了婚，从那以后幸福地生活。

29. one after another 一个接一个地Difficulties arise one after another.困难相继出现.

30. deserve to do sth

理应做，值得做

deserve attention [sympathy]

值得注意[同情]

deserve to be rewarded [punished] 该奖[罚]

If you do wrong, you deserve punishment. 你如做错事, 应当受罚。

31. Apart from playing at school I go to sports school every weekend. 除了在学校踢球之外，我每周末都去体校。

She keeps herself apart from (ie does not mix with) other people. 她与别人保持距离（不与别人混在一起）.

It's a good piece of work, apart from a few slight faults. 除了一些小缺点之外，这不失为一件漂亮的工作。

32. I especially like playing on the wing like Beckham but being a striker is good as well. 我尤其喜欢像贝克汉姆一样踢边锋，但是当一名射球手一样好。

Dance and sing, Time's on the wing.跳吧，唱吧，光阴似箭。

33. be active in

积极于

34. This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.这很重要因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会变得越好。

35. Don’t be shy about making mistakes.别害怕犯错误。

36. In this way you will become confident in speaking English. 这样你就会对说英语充满信心。

One has to be confident in himself. 一个人一定要对自己有信心。

回答人的补充 2010-02-09 11:38

1 Friendship

一、知识点

1. be good to 对……友好

be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…

I will be good to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.

It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。

Ⅰ.概念：

(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。

(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用：

1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；

2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）

常用的关系代词: that（在从句中作主语，宾语，表语；可指人或物）, which（在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语；只可指物）, who（主格，在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语；只可指人），whom（宾格，在从句中作宾语；只可指人），whose（属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物）, as (在从句中作主语，宾语，表语; 可指人或物, 通常指代事); but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语)

常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when(时间状语), why（原因状语）, where（地点状语）, how（方式状语）

(4) 句子成分：

主语---谓语动词前;

宾语-介宾或及物动词的宾语；

表语-be动词后或系动词后；

状语-时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，etc.

例如:

1.The student who answered the question was John. (Who 做关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词student, who在从句中用作主语.)

2.I know the reason why he was so angry. (Why做关系副词, 修饰先行词reason, why在从句中作原因状语.)

3.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. (Whom做关系代词,修饰先行词boy, whom 在从句中作宾语.)

4. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. (Whose做关系代词, 修饰先行词room, whose在从句中用作定语,可代之以of which)

定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词；

第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；

第三选择合适的关系词。

Ⅱ.几个关系代词的基本用法：

一、that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：

1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)

2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?

3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）

4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?

5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.

6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语）

7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be.= Our hometown is not what it used to be.

二、which:指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：

1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）

2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）

3. The factory in which his father works is far from here.

4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语）

5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）

6. He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.

三、who, whom, whose:

who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人

whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人

whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。

1.I like the students who/that work hard. （主语）

2.All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.)

3.Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor. （宾语）

4.He's a man from whom we should learn. = He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.

比较：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.

He is the student who you think is worth praising.

5. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）

I'd like a room whose window faces south. （指物）=I'd like a room of which the window faces south. =I'd like a room the window of which faces south.

There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come

关系代词作介词宾语:

关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.）如:

1. This is the book for which you asked.

=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.

2.Do you know the person with whom I shook hands？= Do you know the person (whom/who/that)

I shook hands with?

3. The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.

4.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.

Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week?

Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week?

5.This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。再如：look at, look for, look after, take care of等)

四、as的用法:(as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)

(1) 如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等结构中。如：

1. I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。

Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)

2.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now?

--- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.

We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.

Don't do such things as you are not sure about.

There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.

比较：I live in the same house that he used to live in.

I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.

比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定语从句）

Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）

(2) 如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）

1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作宾语)

=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . （as 作主语）

=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health .

或:Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作宾语）

或: Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.

2.He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)

Ⅲ.关系副词引导的定语从句:

When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time, day, week, tear, month, etc.）

1. He came last night when I was out.

2. We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better.

注意：先行词为"时间名词"，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which 或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。

比较: 1.I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语）

Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the corner.

2. I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语）

Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.

3. I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴ was launched, which has a great effect on my life.

There are occasions when joking is not permissible.

Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：place, school, factory, room, etc. 如:

1. This is the place where I was born.

2. I live in the room where /in which he used to live.

注意：先行词是"地点名词"，定语从句可用where引导，还可用which或that引导，which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语。

比较: 1. This is the factory where /in which he worked last year. （作状语）

The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.

I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.

Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is used.

He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane.

The small mountain village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what /the place which is now part of Hubei.

2. This is the park which/that they visited last year. （作宾语）

Not having been there before, he simply had no idea about the place, which everyone says is worth visiting.

Why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指代；当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。如：

1. The reason why / for which / (that) he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.（作状语）

2. I don't believe the reason (that/which) he gave me. （作宾语）

Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success? （作主语）

Ex.) He was late .That's because he got up late.

.He got up late. That's why he was late.(表语从句)

(the reason) why/for which he was late. (定语从句)

当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。

way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语

时，则用which或that 引导。如:

1. This is the way (that) /in which I do such things.

比较: Please do the experiment in the way （that/which）I have shown you

argue about 争论…..

1. Let's argue about whether(it is safe) to go swimming in this weather.

让我们讨论一下这样的天气去游泳是否安全。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a59933870.html,

2. 981 Life is too short to argue about little things.

生命短暂，不必为小事争辩不休.

all the time 一直，始终

1. Conditions are changing all the time.

情况始终都在变化。

2. You mustn't work all the time.

你不能老是工作。

care about 关心，担心

1. Don't you care about this country's future?

难道你不为国家前途担忧吗?

2. I don't much care about going.

我并不很想去。

in order to 为了……

1. He lit a cigarette in order to calm his mind.

他点燃一支香烟，镇定一下情绪。

2. You must give in order to take.

欲得到，必先付出。

hunt for 搜寻；追寻；寻找

1. I had a good hunt for that key.

那把钥匙我找了好一阵子.

2. Why don't they hunt for a job?

为什么他们不寻找工作?

make friends交朋友

1. Never make friends with bad companions.

别和坏人结交。

2.He wants to make friends with you.

他想要和你做朋友.

make a difference有所不同

1. I can make a difference world!

世界因我而不同！

2. Smile; it'll make a difference.

微笑：这将会起到作用。

keep in mind记住

1.I hope you will keep in mind what I am saying.

我希望你把我所说的话记在心里。

2.This is what you should keep in mind.

这是你应该牢记在心的。

for the first time 第一次；首次(作状语)

1.. When to pay rent for the first time?

我们什么时候交第一次房租呢？

2. Where was the Cup held for the first time?

第一次世界杯是在哪里举行的？

all the way 一路；全程；一直

1. The two runners contested the race closely it was nip and tuck all the way. 那两个赛跑选手竞争激烈－－在赛程中一直不相上下。

2. A merry heart goes all the way.

心旷神怡，事事顺利

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