英语语法练习题
英语语法练习题
语法结构
（一）名词&限定词
1. There have been many ____ in their marriage but they still love each other.
A. right and wrong
B. back and forth
C. ups and downs
D. right and left
解析：正确答案为C。many修饰可数名词的复数形式，选项中只有C符合，“ups and downs”为固定词组，意为“起落、沉浮、盛衰”。
2. The officials in the ____ at London airport were very polite.
A. Custom
B. Customs
C. custom
D. customs
解析：正确答案为B。“the Customs”特指“海关”。
3. His words are ____ but the meaning is deep.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
解析：正确答案为A。“words”为可数名词复数，只能用few/a few修饰，little/a little 修饰的是不可数名词；而few表示否定，强调“很少、少到几乎没有”，a few则表示肯定，“有几个、少数”。
4. The ____ is just around the corner and you won’t miss it.
A. bicycles’ shop
B. bicycles shop
C. bicycle shop
D. bicycle’s shop 解析：正确答案为C。名词有时候可以直接作定语修饰另一个名词，“自行车店”直接翻译为bicycle shop即可。
5. Would you like some more coffee? There’s still ____ left.
A. a little
B. little
C. a few
D. few
解析：正确答案为A。后半句的意思为“还有一点咖啡剩”，可排除表示否定的little和few；再从There’s可判断后面主语为单数名词或不可数名词，假如用a few，肯定是There’re，因此应该是a little。
6. The salary of a taxi driver is much higher than ____ salary.
A. the teacher’s
B. the teacher
C. of the teacher
D. teacher
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查名词所有格的表达法，the teacher是有生命的，所以必须用’s属格而用of。
7. For tonight’s homework, do passage 40 and 41 in the workbook.
I think that is ____ work.
A. too much
B. much the more
C. too hard
D. hardest
解析：正确答案为A。too much修饰不可数名词，表示“太多……”。
（二）代词
1. The bicycle you saw isn’t ____ . It belongs to ____.
A. me, you
B. mine, hers c. hers, his D. his, her
解析：正确答案为D。第一个空格应为名词性物主代词，可排除A；belong to后面应跟人称代词宾格，故选D。
2. – ___ is your girlfriend like?
– She is very kind and good-looking.
A. How
B. What
C. Which
D. Who
解析：从答语中的kind和good-looking可判断问句问的是“你女朋友是什么样的人”，故用疑问代词what提问。
（三）形容词&副词
1. One of his great inventions was ____ valued at the world Scientific Conference.
A. high
B. great
C. highest
D. highly
解析：正确答案为D。空格处为谓语的修饰语，应为副词，且这里应理解为抽象意义的“高度地”，故用highly而不是high。
2. It’s ____ that he was wrong.
A. clearly
B. clarity
C. clear
D. clearing
解析：正确答案为C。该句为含有主语从句“that he was wrong”的复合句，空格处放在be 动词之后，应为形容词，故选C。
3. Nancy is considered to be ____ the other students in her class.
A. less intelligent
B. the most intelligent
C. intelligent as well
D. as intelligent as
解析：正确答案为D。该题考查形容词的比较结构，前后有Nancy和the other students两个对象，不可能是最高级，排除B；假如用比较级A选项的话，必须有连词than，故A也可排除；只能用D，“as + adj.原级+ as”为原级的比较结构。
4. The top of the Great Wall is ____ for 5 horses to get side by side.
A. wide
B. so wide
C. wide enough
D. enough wide
解析：正确答案为C。enough修饰形容词或副词时必须放在它们的后面，故选C。
（四）介词
1. It’s possible to tell the time in day light ____ looking into a cat’s eyes.
A. with
B. for
C. by
D. from
解析：正确答案为C。后面跟V-ing作方式状语的介词为by。
2. Last night he studied English ____ midnight.
A. for b. by C. to D. until
解析：正确答案为D。句意为“他昨晚学英语学到半夜”，故用until（到……为止）。
3. It was a great pleasure ____ me to be invited to the party.
A. for
B. on
C. to
D. of
解析：正确答案为A。该句中It为形式主语/先行主语，真正主语为不定式to be invited to the party，前面加上for me构成不定式的复合结构，引出不定式的逻辑主语。
一、情态动词
1. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. may
解析：正确答案为A。句意为“如果你只是看完这篇文章的一部分，你怎么能够说你真正明白了整个故事呢？”，可见空格处应使用表示“能力”的情态动词，故选A。
2. – Write to me when you get home.
– I ____.
A. must
B. should
C. will
D. can
解析：正确答案为C。根据上下文，这里用will不仅表示“将会”，也表示一种意愿。
二、时态与被动语态
1. She ____ 100 pages of the book today.
A. has already read
B. already reads
C. already read
D. was already read
解析：正确答案为A。already常与现在完成时连用，放在have和过去分词的中间或放在句末，表示“已经做了某事”。
2. If the phone rings again, I ____ it.
A. ignore
B. will ignore
C. will have ignored
D. will be ignoring
解析：正确答案为B。该题考查一般将来时与真实条件句连用的句型。
3. Because he ____ his work well, he was fired.
A. had not been done
B. had not be doing
C. had not been doing
D. has not done
解析：正确答案为C。“他被解雇”发生在“他一直没有做好工作”之后，因而原因从句用过去完成进行时表示该动作发生于主句was fired之前。
4. James Watt ____ the steam engine.
A. was inventing
B. invented c. had invented D. has invented
解析：正确答案为B。“Janmes Watt发明蒸汽机”显然是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
5. A long time ago, I ____ in London for three years.
A. had lived
B. have lived
C. lived
D. have been living
解析：正确答案为C。“时间段+ago”结构常与一般过去时连用，表示“多久前发生的过去经历”。
6 At that time, she ____ on a journey with her friend.
A. Is
B. was c. has been D. were
解析：正确答案为B。at that time是信息词，表示明确的过去时间，故用一般过去时。
7. I fell and hurt myself while I ____ basketball yesterday.
A. was playing
B. am playing
C. play
D. played
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查一般过去时与过去进行时连用的句型，句意为“昨天我在打篮球的时候跌倒并伤到了自己”，“打篮球”为持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，而“跌倒、伤到自己”为瞬间、短暂动作，发生在“打篮球”过程中，用一般过去时。
8. He _____ to me last week.
A. is writing
B. writes
C. wrote
D. is written
解析：正确答案为C。last week是信息词，表示明确的过去时间，故用一般过去时。
三、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&分词）
1. Fred wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____ .
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查不定式充当宾补时的否定式，“tell sb. to do sth.”的否定结构为“tell sb. not to do sth.”，而承接上句可省略do sth.。
2. Samuel Clemens, ____ as Mark Twain, was one of the most famous American writers.
A. to know
B. to be known
C. known
D. knowing
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查过去分词结构用作后置定语，known as Mark Twain相当于定语从句who is known as Mark Twain。
3. There are ten waiting rooms at the stations , ____ in all 5.000 people.
A. sat
B. sitting c. seated D. seating
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查现在分词结构用作后置定语，seating in all 5,000 people 相当于定语从句which seat in all 5,000 people。“seat sb.”表示“为某人提供座位”。
4. Henry is often seen ____ English aloud every morning in the classroom.
A. read
B. reads
C. being read
D. to read
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查不定式充当主语补足语的用法，see sb. do sth.用于主动语态中，变成被动语态则要加上to，即变成be seen to do sth.。
5. ____ from heart trouble for years, Professor White had to take some medicine with him where he goes.
A. suffered
B. suffering
C. having suffered
D. being suffered
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查现在分词完成体的用法，表示分词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语所描述的动作之前。
6. It is not easy ____ the answer to this problem.
A. to figure out
B. figuring out
C. figure out
D. being figured out
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查不定式充当主语的用法。不定式用于句型“It is + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.”中充当句子的真正主语，常用于该句型的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary, impossible, essential, crucial等。
7. Don’t forget ____ the window before leaving the room.
A. to have closed
B. to close
C. having closed
D. closing
解析：正确答案为B。forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事”，动作尚未发生，而forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”，动作已发生。
8. In many ways, riding a bicycle is similar to _____ .
A. the driving a car
B. driving a car
C. when you drive a car
D. when driving a car 解析：正确答案为B。本题考查动名词结构充当介词的宾语，在短语be similar to中，to 为介词，故后面需跟动名词，跟主语riding a bicycle构成平行结构。
9. The traveler ___ inexperienced, doesn’t know how to plan a trip.
A. to be
B. being
C. is as being
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查现在分词结构充当原因状语的用法，being inexperienced 等于because he/she is inexperienced。
10. ____ with you, I have a long way to go.
A. Compared
B. comparing
C. to compare
D. compare
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查过去分词结构充当状语的用法，主句主语I不是compared这一动作的发出者而是该动作的承受者，故用过去分词。
四、虚拟语气
1. John speaks German as if he ____ a German.
A. Is
B. was c. has been D. were
解析：正确答案为D。as if引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时要用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气，而在虚拟语气中，be动词一般只能用were。
2. I didn’t go to the cinema the day before yesterday, but I do wish ____ there.
A. were
B. would be
C. had been
D. will be
解析：正确答案为C。wish后跟宾语从句表示过去没有实现的愿望时，从句必须用过去完成时表示虚拟语气。
3. The law requires that everyone ____ his car checked at least once a week.
A. has
B. had
C. have
D. would have
解析：正确答案为C。表示建议、命令、要求等的动词后跟宾语从句时常用“(should)＋动词原形”结构表示虚拟语气。
4. It is desirable that the airplane ____ as light as possible.
A. is
B. were
C. be
D. had been
“It is/was + adj.+主语从句”表示建议、惊奇等时，从句也常用“(should)解析：正确答案为C。
＋动词原形”结构表示虚拟。
5. He talks as if he ____ everything in the world.
A. knows
B. knew
C. had known
D. would have known
解析：正确答案为B。as if引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时要用一般过去时来表示虚拟语气。
五、从句
（一）定语从句
1. The painter lived more than a decade in Europe ____ he could be in close contact with other masters.
A. where
B. in which
C. that
D. in that
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查限制性定语从句引导词的用法。Europe表示地点，在从句中充当地点状语，故用where。
2. It was raining, ____ was a pity.
A. what
B. that
C. the
D. which
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查非限制性定语从句引导词的用法，用于指代整个主句内容的关系代词只能用which。
3. It is said that the best time to visit the city is June or July ____ the South America cools the city.
A. where
B. which
C. on which
D. when
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查限制性定语从句引导词的用法。June or July表示时间，在从句中充当时间状语，故用when。
（二）状语从句
1. No sooner had she entered the house ____ her mobile phone rang.
A. When
B. than
C. as
D. while
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查由关联从属连词“No sooner … than”所引出的含有时间状语从句的复合句，表示“一……就……”。
2. We had hardly got into the country ____ it began to rain.
A. when
B. before
C. than
D. after
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查由关联从属连词“hardly … when”所引出的含有时间状语从句的复合句，表示“一……就……”。
3. ____ you disagree with her, her plan is still worth considering.
A. Even if
B. If only
C. However
D. Unless
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查由Even if（即使）所引导的让步状语从句。
4. Yesterday was ____ day that we decided to go swimming.
A. such beautiful
B. so beautiful
C. such a beautiful
D. a so beautiful
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查“such +a/an + adj. +单数n. + that结果状语从句”，该结构也可等于“so + adj. + a/an + 单数n.+ that结果状语从句”。
（三）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句&同位语从句）
He didn’t live up to ____ had been expected of him.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. all
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查名词性从句（宾语从句）的引导词，该引导词在从句中指物（expect sth. of sb.）、且充当从句的主语，故只能用what。
六、反意疑问句
Your brother told me that you overslept this morning, ____?
A. didn’t he
B. didn’t you D. did he D. did you
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查复合句的反意疑问句，复合句的附加问句需与句子的重心一致，该句的重心在从句，故根据从句构成附加问句。
七、倒装句
Not always ____ they want most.
A. people can get what
B. people cannot get what
C. can people get what
D. can’t people get what
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查部分倒装结构，含有否定意义的词提前到句首时，引起部分倒装，即谓语中的助动词提前到主语前面。
八、强调句
1. It was six o’clock in the afternoom ___ they arrived at the hotel.
A. since
B. before
C. when
D. that
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查强调句型“It is / was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、表语或状语） + that（强调部分指人时也可用who）…”，该题被强调部分为时间状语，故只能用that。
2. It was for this reason ____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in
a small village .
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. how
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查强调句型“It is / was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、表语或状语） + that（强调部分指人时也可用who）…”，该题被强调部分为原因状语，故只能用that。
九、主谓一致
1. A pair of spectacles ____ what I need at the moment.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
解析：正确答案为A。由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(钳子)，glasses/spectacles(眼镜），shorts(短裤)，trousers(裤子)，suspenders(吊裤带)等。这一类名词，如果不带单位词a pair of（"一把"、"一副"、"一条"等）而单独使用，通常作复数；如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。
2. Measles ____ a long time to get over.
A. spend
B. spends
C. take
D. takes
解析：正确答案为D。一些表示疾病的名词常以-s结尾，但并非表示复数的概念，充当主语时谓语动词往往要使用单数形式，可排除A、C，而spend的主语往往是人，常用于“Sb. spends time/money on sth.”或“Sb. spends time/money (in) doing sth.”。故选D。
3. Modern machinery ____ been installed in this newly built factory.
A. has
B. have c. is D. are
解析：正确答案为A。集体名词machinery通常视为不可数名词，故后面动词使用单数形式，可排除B、D，而只有has才能与been installed构成现在完成时的被动语态，用is则讲不通。
4. Do you want to wait? Five days ____ too long for me to wait.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
解析：正确答案为C。表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的数词词组视为整体、作为单一的概念理解时，谓语动词用单数形式。
5. There ____ a book and some magazines on the desk.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
解析：正确答案为A。There be句型中出现两个以上的并列主语时，be动词的单复数根据就近原则而定，即be动词与最靠近它的主语在数上一致。
6. Maths ____ the study or science of numbers.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
解析：正确答案为A。表示学科名称的名词常以-ics结尾，但它们往往作单数用，maths = mathematics，故后面动词也必须用单数形式。
十、固定搭配与句型
1. Fish cannot live ____ water.
A. with
B. without
C. in
D. on
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查双重否定结构“cannot do (sth.) without sth.”（“没有……就不能做……”）。
2. That man looks familiar to me. He reminds ____ Dr. Richards.
A. me to
B. me
C. me for
D. me of
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查remind的固定用法“remind sb. of sth.”（“使某人想起……”，“提醒某人……”）。
3. We should keep in touch ____ each other, including ____ each other.
A. on, write
B. in, to write
C. with, writing
D. at, wrote
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语keep in touch with sb.（与某人保持联系），而including后面要跟名词性结构。
4. I have ____ finished the book.
A. more or less
B. much or less
C. more or few
D. many or less
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语more or less（或多或少，差不多）。
5. Tom is so sensitive talkative. I’m sure you’ll soon get tired ____ him.
A. of
B. with c. at D. on
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语get/be tired of（对……感到厌烦）。
6. The ideas sound very good, but will it work in ____ ?
A. practice
B. place
C. theory
D. public
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语in practice（在实践中，实际上）。
7. We came finally ____ the conclusion that she’s been telling lies all the time.
A. of
B. into
C. to
D. at
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语come to a/the conclusion（得出结论）。
8. We go to the cinema ____ a week.
A. often
B. once
C. seldom
D. usually
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查频度的表达法：倍数+a+时间名词。once a week表示“一周一次”。
9. She agreed ____ me on this matter.
A. over
B. on
C. to
D. with
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语agree with sb.（赞同某人的看法）。
10. I’d like to take ____ of this opportunity to thank all of you for your cooperation.
A. profit
B. benefit
C. occasion
D. advantage
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语take advantage of（利用）。
11. The public store is to close at 9:00 p.m.
____ no need to worry, it is just 7:30 p.m.
A. You have
B. They have
C. It is
D. There is
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查句型“There is no need to do sth.”（没有必要做某事）。
12.He didn’t know ____ or go home.
A. to wait
B. if that he should wait
C. if to wait
D. whether to wait 解析：正确答案为D。本题考查whether与or搭配使用的结构。
13. They sent the letter to me ____ mistake.
A. by
B. for
C. on
D. with
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语by mistake（错误地）。
14. We felt very proud ____ the work.
A. about
B. in
C. of
D. at
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语feel/be proud of（为……感到自豪）。
15. She is not only my classmate, ____ also my good friend.
A. or
B. but
C. and
D. too
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查not only与but also连用的结构，表示“不仅……而且……”。
16. Don’t laugh ___ people when they are ___ trouble.
A. in, at
B. at, at
C. at, in
D. on, in
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定短语laugh at（嘲笑）和in trouble（处于困难/危险中）。
17. Who should be responsible ____ the loss of the documents?
A. in
B. on
C. of
D. for
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定短语be responsible for（对……负责任）。
18. It was not ____ midnight that they discovered the children were not in their bedroom.
A. before
B. at
C. after
D. until
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查“not until”结构，题干为强调句型，被强调部分是时间状语not until midnight。
19. I don’t know ____ to deal with such a matter.
A. what
B. how
C. which
D. /
解析：正确答案为B。本题考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，句意为“我不知道如何解决这样的问题”，故用疑问副词how。
20. He is not a child ____ .
A. no more
B. no longer
C. any much
D. any more
解析：正确答案为D。本题考查固定结构“not … any more”（不再……，＝no more）。
21. I’m not used to speaking ____ public.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. to
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查固定短语in public（公开地，当众）。
22. You had better ____ a doctor as soon as possible.
A. seeing
B. saw
C. see
D. seen
解析：正确答案为C。本题考查固定结构：had better do sth.。
23. Tom ____ more than twenty pounds on the novel.
A. spent
B. paid
C. cost
D. took
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查动词spend的习惯用法：spend some money on sth.。
24. The children ____ play with them.
A. want that I
B. want me for
C. want me to
D. were wanting that 解析：正确答案为C。本题考查动词want的习惯用法：want sb. to do sth.。
25. The headmaster came to the classroom and asked ____ what had happened.
A. his students to tell him
B. being told
C. telling him
D. to tell
解析：正确答案为A。本题考查动词ask的习惯用法：ask sb. to do sth.。
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英语语法填空技巧与方法+70篇练习(含答案)
广东高考英语语法填空技巧与方法 真题剖析 广东高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。 1.考什么？ (1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。 (2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。 特别提醒： (1)在纯空格题中，两年都没有要求考生根据上下文填写名词、动词、形容词和副词。我们认为，其原因有二： 一是根据语境推测出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词，是完形填空要考查的内容，若在语法填空中考查，是越权，是多管闲事； 二是“语法填空”顾名思义是考语法，而根据语境填这四类词同语法规则关系不大，与“语法填空”名不符实。不过，less, more, most等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的，因为这涉及到到语法——比较等级。 (2)我们认为，倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词(do, does, did)，以及情态动词、强调结构中的it, that等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查，名词的数和所有格也可能在用括号中所给词填空中进行考查，同学们千万不可忽视。 2. 怎么考？ (1)短文来源：都来自网上。 (2)短文长度：170-200词。 (3)短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词。 (4)短文题材：或体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。 (5)考点设置： (1)纯空格题：设6-7个小题。 (2)用括号中所给词填空：设3-4个小题。 (6)答案特点： ①纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定死了“在空格处填入一个适当的词”，即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词。两年高考题的答案印证了这一点。 ②用括号中所给词填空：试题中要求“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”，这个词的正确形式究竟由几个单词组成？两年高考题的答案填一个或两个单词。 ③所填词(答案)都是一些拼写简单的单词。2007年高考所填词均长4.1个字母，其中，纯空格的答案只有2.4个字母；2008年所填词均长4.45个字母，其中纯空格的答案只有3.8个字母。 ④两年都有所填词位于句首，此时第一个字母要注意大写。 ⑤两年都没有要求考生填像depend on中的介词on这类固定短语中的单词。 特别提醒：尽管两年高考中“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”的答案只填一个或两个单词，但是我们在平时的训练中应当不局限于此，要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情况。非谓语动词中，带to的不定式、现在分词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词，而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词，被动语态至少都要填两个单词。解题高招 1. 通读全文，把握大意。 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。 2. 结合语境，试填空格。 读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺
初中英语语法练习题及答案
1．There is ____ old woman in the car. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 2．We often go to the park ____ Sundays. A．on B．in C．at D．from 3．My book ____ on the desk. A．is B．am C．are D．be 4．Which language is ____ ，English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．the difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 5．---- ____ book is this? ----It's Kate's. A．When B．Why C．Where D．Whose 6．----Can you write a letter in English? ----No, I ____. A．may not B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't 7．I ____ my homework when Mike came last night A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．have done 8．He began to ____ English three years ago. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．learning 9．Jim is a driver, ____ he? A．does B．doesn't C．is D．isn't 10．“What's wrong ____ you?”the doctor asked. A．from B．with C．for D．at 11．He is rich, ____ he isn't happy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 12．----Where is Alice? ----She ____ to the library. A．goes
(英语)英语语法填空练习题含答案含解析
（英语）英语语法填空练习题含答案含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China's transformation from a traditional ________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China's industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________ aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods. China's factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world. China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________ the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China's industry________(compete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country's industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments. 【答案】was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has competed has been competing；development 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型，在产业结构调整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。 （1）考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时，且主语the People's Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。 （2）考查形容词。society为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填agricultural。 （3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which，填which 。 （4）考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Currently。 （5）考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，“大量……”，故填quantities。 （6）考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。
英语语法完成时篇
完成时篇（一）——现在完成时 [提问] 请问在句子“Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far. （Experiencing English Integrated Book1 Page71）”中，为什么时间状语是完成时的情况下，主句仍然可以使用现在完成时呢？ 答：完成时态通常表示已完成或已经开始从事的动作，它可以分为现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及完成进行时。根据定义我们可以了解到，除了表示到现在为止动作已经完成或已经开始以外，还有多种情况可以用现在完成时来表达。 一、动作从过去某个时间开始发生，延续到现在，并且说话前已经完成。 例如：The mission has been carried out well.任务已经很好地完成了。 Those girls have eaten two big cakes.女孩们已经吃了两个蛋糕了。 二、某个动作或状态发生在过去，持续并影响现在，有可能会继续保持下去。 例如：My brother has been abroad for several years.我哥哥已经出国好几年了。 It has rained all morning.雨下了一个早晨。 Up to now, parents have accepted the pop music youths prefer to.现在，家长们 已经接受了年轻人喜欢的流行音乐。 I have known him since the summer in 2001.自2001年的那个夏天，我就认识他了。 三、动作发生在现在之前的某个时间，可能是多次动作的集合，也表示习惯性的动作或 状态。 例如：Xiao Qin has come over here three times in the daytime.白天小覃已经来过三次了。 Which countries have you traveled recently?最近你都去过那些国家？ How many papers have you read today? 你今天看了几篇论文？ 四、动作过去曾发生过一次或多次，也可能是一种经历。 例如：Students are very pride that the president has once visited their school. 学生们为总统曾访问过他们学校而骄傲。 Accidents like this have happened more than 20 times these years.这几年此类事故发生不下20起。 在现在完成时态的句子中，常伴随的时间状语有：already，yet，ever，never，just，before，lately，recently，till/until，always，now，since，today; in past years，all morning，all one’s life，up to now，these days，this week/month/year，for a long time。 现在完成时中有几点语法点要注意的： 1）for引出的时间状语只能修饰表示延续性动作的动词。不能用来修饰表示瞬间、短 暂动作或位置转移的动词。如John has come to China for three years，此句错误，come这个动作是短暂性动词，不可能持续发生，因此可改为John has been in China for three years，约翰已经爱中国生活了3年。短暂性动词有appear, begin，borrow，buy，come，close，die，fall，find，finish，join，kill，leave，lend，lose，see，start，stop。 2）在表示时间或条件的状语从句可以用现在完成时表示将来完成的动作。 例如：He will not quit my job until his parents have permitted.父母允许后他才会辞职。 I will arrive at 6 o’clock if the car h as been prepared then.如果到时车准备好了，我能在6 点到达。 3）It is the first/second time that…这个结构中，that从句要用现在完成时。 例如：It is the first time that I have heard of his deeds.这是我第一次听说他的事迹。