复习题

蓝色（blue）在汉语中的引申意义较少，而在英语中blue是
一个含义十分丰富的颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达
时，我们应该注意其中的特别含义。
英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧
愁苦闷”，如：
（15）They felt rather blue after the failure in the football
match.
球赛踢输了，他们感到有些沮丧。
白色

白色（white）在汉语和英语的联想意义中都有纯洁和清
白的意思，但也有一些含义上的不同。例如，汉民族文化中，
白色与死亡、丧事相联系，如“红白喜事”中的“白”指丧事
（funeral），表示哀悼。但在英语文化中，white表示幸福
和纯洁，如新娘在婚礼上穿白色礼服，代表爱情的纯洁和婚
姻的贞洁。
黑色
黑色（black）在英语和汉语两种语言文化中的联系意义
大致相同。例如，黑色是悲哀的颜色，英美人在葬礼上穿黑
色服装，中国人在葬礼上戴黑纱。英语中的Black Friday 指
耶稣在复活节前受难的星期五，是悲哀的日子。
blue-collar workers 蓝领阶层，指普通体力劳动者
grey-collar workers 灰领阶层，指服务性行业的职员
white-collar workers 白领阶层，指接受过专门技术教育
的脑力劳动者

pink-collar workers 粉领阶层，指职业妇女群体
golden-collar personnel 金领阶层，指既有专业技能又
懂管理和营销的人才

经济方面：
red ink 赤字
in the black 盈利
white goods 白色货物，指冰箱、洗衣机等外壳为白色
的家电产品

brown goods 棕色货物，指电视、录音机、音响等外壳
p fur为棕色的电子产品。
绿色
绿色green在英语中可以表示“嫉妒、眼红”，如：green
with envy，green as jealousy，green-eyed monster都是指
“十分嫉妒”的意思。汉语中表示“嫉妒”意义的“眼红”，应该翻
译为green-eyed而不能翻译为red-eyed。

由于美元纸币是绿颜色的，所以green在美国也指代“钱
财、钞票、有经济实力”等意义，如：

黄色
黄色在英语和汉语中的引申含义差别比较大。在英语
中，yellow可以表示“胆小、卑怯、卑鄙”的意思，例如：

a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人
a yellow livered 胆小鬼
The nature of various colors to create all feeling, and can
cultivate people's sentiments. Different colors make people
have different emotions, resulting in the person's mood
change.Psychologists of color and mental health were
studied. Studies show that in general, the red represents
happiness, passion, it makes a person feel warm, full,
arouse the emotion of love. Happy, bright yellow, the
rapture, full of joy. Green represents peace, make people's
heart has stable, quiet, gentle feeling. Blue gives a quiet,
cool, comfortable feeling, make one open-minded. Gray
makes people feel depressed, empty. Black people feel
solemn, depressed and sad. White people are simple and
elegant, pure, lively feeling. In a variety of colors can give a
person the mood to bring certain influence, so that
people's psychological activity change.A Russian scholar
studies show, red makes people psychological activity,
purple makes people have the feeling, rose to depression
or suppressed emotions rise, blue can make people calm
and can inhibit a person too excited mood, green can ease
the tension of mental activity.Color can make desperate,
also can make the person to gain the courage of life. Of
course, this effect is indirect induced effect. Abroad have a
funny thing: a black bridge, every year some people in the
Dutch act. Later the bridge painted blue, Dutch act were
significantly reduced; it then sent the bridge painted pink,
in the Dutch act were not. From the psychological point of
view analysis, black was dull, can accentuate more human
suffering and despair, put to death one stether. And the
sky blue and pink makes people feel happy and cheerful,
full of hope, make people from despair, rekindle the fire of
life.In clinical practice, the scholars to the color treatment
was also studied, the effect is very good. Hypertensive
patients with smoked glasses can make blood pressure
drops; red and blue can accelerate blood circulation; if the
patient lives with white, light blue, light green, light yellow
walls of the room, the mood is very stable, comfortable,
contribute to the recovery of health.Color of the pulse and
grip strength are affected. Some foreign scholars have
done the experiment, shown in the yellow room normal
pulse, in the blue room pulse slow down some, in the red
room fast pulse is very obvious. French physiologist
experimental discovery, in the red light irradiation, the grip
strength enhanced one times than usual, in the orange
light irradiation, hand grip strength strengthen half times
than usual.Thus, the color can not only affect the mood of
people, but also on the human health effects.

Blue mood