英语四级考试真题及答案第1套

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2021年12月大学英语四级真题及答案第一套

2021年12月大学英语四级真题及答案第一套2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套) PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have twooptions upon graduation: one is to find a job somewhere and the other to start abusiness of your own. You are to make a decision. Write an essay to explain the reasonsfor your decision. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A. It was dangerous to live in.B. It was going to be renovated.C. He could no longer pay the rent.D. He had sold it to the royal family. 2.A. A strike.B. A storm.C. A forest fire.D. A terrorist attack.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3.A. They lost contact with the emergency department.B. They were trapped in an underground elevator.C. They were injured by suddenly falling rocks.D. They sent calls for help via a portable radio. 4. A. They tried hard to repair the elevator. B. They released the details of the accident. C. They sent supplies to keep the miners warm. D. They provided the miners with food and water.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5.A. Raise postage rates.B. Improve its services.C. Redesign delivery routes.D. Close some of its post offices. 6. A. Shortening business hours.B. Closing offices on holidays.C. Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.D. Computerizing mall sorting processes.7. A. Many post office staff will lose their jobs. B. Many people will begin to complain. C. Taxpayers will be very pleased. D. A lot of controversy will arise. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A. He will be kept from promotion. B. He will go through retraining.C. He will be given a warning.D. He will lose part of his pay. 9. A. He is always on time. B. He is a trustworthy guy.C. He is an experienced press operator.D. He is on good terms with his workmates. 10. A. She is a trade union representative. B. She is in charge of public relations. C. She is a senior manager of the shop. D. She is better at handling such matters. 11. A. He is skilled and experienced.B. He is very close to the manager.C. He is always trying to stir up trouble.D. He is always complaining about low wages.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. Open. B. Friendly. C. Selfish. D. Reserved.13. A. They stay quiet. B. They read a book.C. They talk about the weather.D. They chat with fellow passengers.14. A. She was always treated as a foreigner. B. She was eager to visit an English castle.C. She was never invited to a colleague's home.D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates. 15. A. Houses are much more quiet. B. Houses provide more privacy. C. They want to have more space. D. They want a garden of their own.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A. They don't have much choice of jobs. B. They are likely to get much higher pay.C. They don't have to go through job interviews.D. They will automatically be given hiring priority. 17. A. Ask their professors for help. B. Look at school bulletin boards. C. Visit the school careers service. D. Go through campus newspapers.18. A. Helping students find the books and journals they need. B. Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere. C. Helping students arrange appointments with librarians. D. Providing students with information about the library.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19.A. It tastes better.B. It is easier to grow.C. It may be sold at a higher price.D. It can better survive extreme weathers. 20. A. It is healthier than green tea. B. It can grow in drier soil.C. It will replace green tea one day.D. It is immune to various diseases.21. A. It has been well received by many tea drinkers. B. It does not bring the promised health benefits. C. It has made tea farmers' life easier.D. It does not have a stable market.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22.A. They need decorations to show their status.B. They prefer unique objects of high quality.C. They decorate their homes themselves.D. They care more about environment. 23. A. They were proud of their creations.B. They could only try to create at night.C. They made great contributions to society.D. They focused on the quality of their products. 24. A. Make wise choices. B. Identify fake crafts.C. Design handicrafts themselves.D. Learn the importance of creation.25. A. To boost the local economy. B. To attract foreign investments.C. To arouse public interest in crafts.D. To preserve the traditional culture.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.When someone commits a criminal act, we always hope the punishment will match the offense.But when it comes to one of the cruelest crimes--animal fighting--things26 work out that way.Dog-fighting victims are 27 and killed for profit and \yet their criminal abusers oftenreceive a28 sentence for causing a lifetime of pain. Roughly half of allfederally-convicted animalfighters only get probation (缓刑).Some progress has been made in the prosecution (起诉) of animal fighters. But federal judgesoften rely heavily on the U. S. Sentencing GuideLines when they29 penalties, and in the case ofanimal fighting, those guidelines are outdated and extremely30The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which31 these sentencing guidelines, is revisiting them,proposing to raise the minimum sentence from 6 - 12 to 21 - 27 months. This is a step in the right32, but we'd like to see the U. S. Sentencing Commission make further changes to the guidelines. Along with this effort, we're working with animal advocates and state and federal lawmakers to33 anti-cruelty laws across the country, as well as supporting laws and policies that assistoverburdened animal 34 that care for animal fighting victims. This help is 35 importantbecause the high cost of caring for animal victims is a major factor that prevents people from gettinginvolved in cruelty cases in the first place. A. convenient B. creates C. critically D. determine E. direction F. hesitate G. inadequate H. inspired I. method J. minimal K. rarely L. shelters M. strengthenN. sufferings O. tortured Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph ismarked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.When Work Becomes a GameA) What motivates employees to do their jobs well? Competition with coworkers, for some. Thepromise of rewards, for others. Pure enjoyment of problem-solving, for a lucky few.B) Increasingly, companies are tapping into these desires directly through what has come to be knownas \: essentially, turning work into a game. \is about understandingwhat it is that makes games engaging and what game designers do to create a great experience ingames, and taking those learnings and applying them to other contexts such as the workplace andeducation,\the Wharton School ofBusiness at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States.C) It might mean monitoring employee productivity on a digital leaderboard and offering prizes to thewinner, or giving employees digital badges or stars for completing certain activities. It could alsomean training employees how to do their jobs through video game platforms. Companies fromGoogle to L'Oréalto IBM to Wells Fargo are known to use some degree of gamification in theirworkplaces. And more and more companies are joining them. A recent report suggests that theglobal gamification market will grow from $1.65 billion in 2021 to $11.1 billion by 2021.D) The concept of gamification is not entirely new, Werbach says. Companies, marketers and teachershave long looked for fun ways to engage people's reward-seeking or competitive spirits. Cracker Jackshas been \100 years, headds, and the turn-of-the-century steel magnate (巨头) Charles Schwab is said to have often comeinto his factory and written the number of tons of steel produced on the past shift on the factoryfloor, thus motivating the next shift of workers to beat the previous one.E) But the word \and the widespread, conscious application of the concept only beganin earnest about five years ago, Werbach says. Thanks in part to video games, the generation nowentering the workforce is especially open to the idea of having their work gamified. \people grew up playingvideo games, and an increasingly high percentage of adults play these video games too,\F) A number of companies have sprung up--GamEffective, Bunchbail and Badgeville, to name a few--in recent years offering gamification platforms for businesses. The platforms that are most effectiveturn employees' ordinary job tasks into part of a rich adventure narrative. \a gamegame-like is that the player actually cares about the outcome,\Werbach says. \principle isabout understanding what is motivating to this group of players, which requires some understandingof psychology. \G) Some people, Werbach says, are motivated by competition.Sales people often fall into thiscategory. For them, the right kind of gamification might be turning their saies pitches into acompetition with other team members, complete with a digital leaderboard showing who is。

2020年6月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2020年6月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China.Please recommend a city to him.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Watch the weather forecast.C)Avoid travel on Wednesday.B)Evacuate the area with the orange alert.D)Prepare enough food and drink.2.A)Pay more attention to the roads.C)Bring more mobile phones.B)Stay at a safer place.D)Take a train home.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)There is only one ecosystem in Europe.B)Romania’s wetlands thrive again.C)The wildlife in Romania isn’t well protected.D)There are200species of birds in Romania’s wetlands.4.A)Block the waterways.C)Use monitoring equipment.B)Restore the fishing ban.D)Prohibit fishing in the next10years.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)He had a car accident.B)He attended his graduation ceremony.C)He had a heart attack.D)He gave a performance in the auditorium.6.A)What happened to him.C)When the graduation ceremony was.B)What date it was.D)Where he was.7.A)He was really touched by his classmates.B)He didn’t know what happened at all.C)He couldn’t remember what to say.D)His parents wore caps and gowns.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)Her children’s disruption.C)A sense of isolation.B)Quiet atmosphere.D)Longer working hours.9.A)It doesn’t offer coffee.C)It doesn’t have free Wi-Fi.B)It’s too quiet.D)It lacks the materials he needs.10.A)The sense of being out in the world.C)The coffee table.B)The coffee it provides.D)The comfortable working condition.11.A)People don’t order anything.B)People bring their laptops and paperwork.C)People occupy valuable table space in quiet times.D)People of two occupy a table for six.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)She is not satisfied with the salary.B)She is not capable of the job.C)She often works overtime.D)She’s received a job offer from another company.13.A)They may be considered as less royal.B)They won’t get the promotion opportunities.D)They will be given hiring priority.14.A)She might have to do extra work every day.B)She might not get a pay rise.C)She might not get enough vacation.D)She might not gain more experience.15.A)Experience.B)Confidence.C)Fortune.D)Opportunity.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)It’s a horrible feeling.C)It’s boring and dangerous.B)It can be a blessing.D)It’s the most comfortable state.17.A)To be active.C)To travel abroad.B)To meet up with your friends.D)To seek advice from others.18.A)It provides a chance for people to think deeply.B)It makes us treasure the time.C)It enables one to identify true friends.D)It helps us take care of problems more efficiently.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)He is a harsh person.C)He is very demanding in his work.B)He is mean to others.D)He usually works very late.20.A)He moved out and divorced.B)He was plagued by drugs and gang violence.C)He lived there for20years.D)His parents would move into his new house.21.A)He was only responsible for unloading food.B)He had to sign his name on every label.C)It was a hard and tedious job.D)He was required to work at Friday night.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)By recording the time people spend on TV.B)By tracking people’s living habits.C)By using memory and fluency tests.D)By scanning people’s brains.23.A)Watching television for hours.C)Reading books and magazines.B)Playing video games.D)Surfing the Internet.24.A)Television viewing may be a potential factor for Alzheimer’s disease.B)Alzheimer’s patients tend to watch television more than3hours a day.C)Some research has confirmed the link between them.D)Television watching is beneficial to Alzheimer’s patients.25.A)Watch television no more than3hours each day.B)Balance television viewing with other contrasting activities.C)Watch some educational TV programs.D)Take more physical exercise.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.“Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated.”Those were the words uttered by pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin,who firmly believed that the pursuit of science should be___26___to all.As a woman working in the first half of the20th century,Franklin’s contributions to some of the greatest scientific discoveries of our time including the structure of DNA were sadly___27___in her lifetime.More than60years after Franklin’s death,we are___28___living in a different world,where women play an important part in every echelon(阶层)of our society—not least in science,innovation,higher education and universities are world leaders when it comes to advancing and___29___gender equality.In the past decade,we have seen a___30___increase in England in the number of women accepted on to full-time undergraduate degrees in science,technology,engineering and maths(Stem subjects).And in the last academic year,women___31___for more than half of all Stem postgraduates at UK universities.Data shows us the___32___to success gets harder for women to climb the further up they go.Although women make up the majority of undergraduates in our universities,just under half of academic staff are female. At___33___levels,only a quarter of professors are women,and black women make up less than2%of all female academic staff.There are also stark differences in pay across grades.The gender pay gap based on median salaries across the sector in2016-2017was13.7%,___34___there is still some way to go to ensure women are rising through the ranks to higher grade positions and being paid___35___.A)accessible I)nominationB)accounted J)overlookedC)adaptation K)promotingD)appropriately L)seniorE)considerable M)submissionF)effective N)suggestingG)ladder O)thankfullyH)misreadSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.How to Eat WellA)Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food,the stuff that is correctly called junk(垃圾)and should really carry warning labels?B)It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.Supermarkets offer more variety than ever,and there are over four times as many farmers markets in the US as there were20years ago.Nor is it for lack of available information.There are plenty of recipes(食谱),how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer,smartphone or television.If anything,the information is overwhelming.C)And yet we aren’t cooking.If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Americans,you probably get at least a third of your daily calories(卡路里)outside the home.Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost25%of our daily calories from snacks.So we’re eating out or taking in,and we don’t sit down—or we do,but we hurry.D)Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort,pride,health,well-being,relaxation, sociability?Something that connects us to other humans?Why would we want to outsource（外包）this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful?E)When I talk about cooking,I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects.I’m talking about simple,easy,everyday meals.My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or memory to feed themselves.That means we need modest,realistic expectations,and we need to teach people to cook food that’s good enough to share with family and friends.F)Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off.A recent Harris poll revealed that79%of Americans say they enjoy cooking and30%“love it”;14%admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just7%won’t go near the stove at all.But this doesn’t necessarily translate to real cooking,and the result of this survey shouldn’t surprise anyone:52%of those65or older cook at home five or more times per week;only a third of young people do.G)Back in the1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night.The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal.Most people couldn’t afford to do otherwise.H)Although frozen dinners were invented in the’40s,their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later.Since then,packaged,pre-prepared meals have been what’s for dinner.The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts（催化剂）,but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.I)Still,I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly.Isn’t this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking?And isn’t this the generation who say they’re concerned about their health and the well-being of the planet?If these are truly the values of many young people,then their behavior doesn’t match their beliefs.J)There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some companies to reduce calories in their processed foods,but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy,mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating.Considering that the government’s standards are not nearly ambitious enough,the picture is clear:by not cooking at home,we’re not eating the right things,and the consequences are hard to overstate.K)To help quantify(量化)the costs of a poor diet,I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food,the burger（汉堡包）.I concluded that the profit from burgers is more than offset by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm.L)Cooking real food is the best defense—not to mention that any meal you’re likely to eat at home contains about200fewer calories than one you would eat in a restaurant.M)To those Americans for whom money is a concern,my advice is simple:Buy what you can afford,and cook it yourself.The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store,since that’s where fresh produce,meat and seafood,and dairy are.And to save money and still eat well you don’t need local,organic ingredients;all you need is real food.I’m not saying local food isn’t better;it is.But there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores.N)The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods.Frozen produce is still produce;canned tomatoes are still tomatoes.Just make sure you’re getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar.Ask yourself,would Grandma consider this food?Does it look like something might occur in nature?It’s pretty much common sense:you want to buy food,not unidentifiable foodlike objects.O)You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily,nor do you need an abundance of skill.Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level and only20%describe their cooking skills as advanced the crisis is one of confidence.And the only remedy for that is practice.There’s nothing mysterious about cooking the evening meal.You just have to do a little thinking ahead and redefine what qualifies as dinner.Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you do it more:every time you cook,you advance your level of skills.Someday you won’t even need recipes.My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps and ingredients,because they can be deceiving.P)Time,I realize,is the biggest obstacle to cooking for most people.You must adjust your priorities to find time to cook.For instance,you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you’re standing at the sink.No one is asking you to give up activities you like,but if you’re watching food shows on TV,try cooking instead.36.Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another.37.Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.38.Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.39.Cooking skills can be improved with practice.40.In the mid-20th century,most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.41.Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family.42.Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.43.To eat well and still save money,people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.44.We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.45.The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.The wallet is heading for extinction.As a day-to-day essential,it will die off with the generation who readprint newspapers.The kind of shopping where you hand over notes and count out change in return now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters,like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk,from a corner shop.At the shops where you spend any real money,that money is increasingly abstracted.And this is more and more true,the higher up the scale you go.At the most cutting-edge retail stores Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register,when you decide to pay.The staff are equipped with ipads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service,if you have the money.But across society,the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy.Maybe I'm just old-fashioned.But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us.Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink（眨眼）of an eye?Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing,promising fatness—represent something that matters?But I’ll leave the economics to the experts.What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment.Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age,the plastic and paper and gold and silver,and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming.The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad.The rounded edges,cool glass,smooth and unknowable as a pebble（鹅卵石）.Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners,we move our fingers left and right.No more counting out coins.Show your wallet,if you still have one.It may not be here much longer.46.What is happening to the wallet?A)It is disappearing.C)It is becoming costly.B)It is being fattened.D)It is changing in style.47.How are business transactions done in big modern stores?A)Individually.C)In the abstract.B)Electronically.D)Via cash register.48.What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A)Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B)The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C)Earning money is getting more difficult.D)Spending money is so fast and easy.49.Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?A)It represents a change in the modern world.B)It has something to do with everybody’s life.C)It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D)It is the concern of contemporary economists.50.What can we infer from the passage about the author?A)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.It’s late in the evening:time to close the book and turn off the computer.You’re done for the day.What you may not realize,however,is that the learning process actually continues—in your dreams.It might sound like science fiction,but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the fragmented,often bizarre imaginings they generate at night.Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned is associated with improved performance in that activity(suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular notion that we’re“getting”a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it).What’s more,researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding,organizing and retaining what we learn.While we sleep,research indicates,the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours,allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural（神经的）virtual reality.A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders.They taught a series of dance moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking,in which the sleeper engages in the kind physicalmovement that does not normally occur during sleep.They then videotaped the subjects as they slept,Lying in bed,eyes closed,one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier.This shows that while our bodies are at rest,our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered,then integrating that data into the vast store of what we already know.In a 2010study,researchers at Harvard Medical School reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze（迷宫）task they had learned showed a10-fold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task.Robert Stickgold,one of the Harvard researchers,suggests that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the odds of dreaming about the material.Think about that as your head hits the pillow tonight.51.What is scientists’finding about dreaming?A)It involves disconnected weird images.B)It resembles fragments of science fiction.C)Dreaming about a learned task betters its performance.D)Dreaming about things being learned disturbs one’s sleep.52.What happens when one enters a dream state?A)The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake.B)The neural activity of the brain will become intensified.C)The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game.D)The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day.53.What does the brain do while we are sleeping?A)It systematizes all the data collected during the day.B)It substitutes old information with new data.C)It processes and absorbs newly acquired data.D)It classified information and places it in different files.54.What does Robert Stickgold suggest about enhancing learning?A)Having a little sleep after studying in the day.B)Staying up late before going to bed.C)Having a dream about anything.D)Thinking about the odds of dreaming about the material.55.What can be inferred about dreaming from the passage?A)We may enhance our learning through dreaming.B)Dreaming improves your language ability.C)All sleepwalkers perform dance moves when they are sleeping.D)Taking a nap after learning can help you find the way through the maze.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.在中国，火锅已有2，000多年的历史，最早流行于最寒冷的地区，然后在很多地区盛行，出现了具有地方特色的种类。

2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套)

2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套)前言2023年6月的大学生英语四级考试即将到来，为了帮助广大考生更好地备战，本文提供了三套2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案。

希望本文可以对考生们的备考提供一定的帮助。

试卷一第一部分：听力理解(共25小题)听力理解部分包含了五个听力材料，每个材料后面有五个问题。

请考生根据所听到的内容选择正确的答案。

第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题)阅读理解部分包含了四篇文章，每篇文章后面有五个问题。

请考生根据文章内容选择正确的答案。

第三部分：完型填空(共15小题)完型填空部分包含了一篇短文，短文中有15个空格。

请考生根据上下文选择合适的词语填入空格处。

辨析词义部分包含了10个句子，每个句子中都有一个加下划线的单词，考生需要根据句子的上下文选择最合适的词义。

第五部分：写作(共两个任务)写作部分包含了两个任务，第一个任务是写一篇关于城市交通问题的短文，第二个任务是根据一幅图画写一篇短文。

试卷二第一部分：听力理解(共25小题)…试卷三第一部分：听力理解(共25小题)…第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题)……第四部分：辨析词义(共10小题)…第五部分：写作(共两个任务)…答案及解析试卷一答案及解析听力理解1.B2.C3.A4.B5. C …阅读理解1.A2.D3.B4.C5. A …完型填空1.C2.A3.B4.D5. C …辨析词义1.B2.A3.C4.D5. B …写作任务一：城市交通问题的短文 (此处省略正文)任务二：根据一幅图画写一篇短文 (此处省略正文)试卷二答案及解析…试卷三答案及解析…注意：本文只是提供了试卷的框架和部分内容，实际的试卷内容和答案需要参考真实的2023年6月大学生英语四级考试。

希望本文可以帮助考生们更好地备考，祝大家顺利通过考试！。

2020年12月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2020年12月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)
Part I Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint in class. You can start your essay with the sentence “The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) The road was flooded. B) The road was blocked. C) The road was frozen with snow. D) The road was covered with spilled gas.
D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) To appeal for higher wages. B) To demand better health care. C) To call for a permanent security guard. D) To dismiss the bad-tempered supervisor.

2019年12月英语四级真题及答案范文(第1套)

2019年12月英语四级真题及解析（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but not more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】News Report One四处游荡的母牛New York City police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities. The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes. At other times the cow wandered around the 526-acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals to fence the animal in. However, the cow then moved through one of the nets, knocking down a police officer in the process. Police eventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baseball field's bench area. An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take effect. After it fell asleep they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost. Police turned it over to the animal control department after they caught it.Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A. A wandering cow was captured by the police.B. Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.C. A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.D. Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.2. A. It became a great attraction for tourists.B. It found its way back to the park's zoo.C. It was shot to death by a police officer.D. It was sent to the animal control department.【听力原文】News Report Two国家自然历史博物馆Starting April 28 of this year, the National Museum of Natural History will begin renovating its fossil hall. The fossil hall, which displays some of the world's oldest and largest fossil specimens, receives more than 2 million visitors each year. It's one of the museum's most famousattractions. As a result, the museum plans to expand the hall, as well as add to its ancient birds collection. Bird lovers, both young and old, have already responded with excitement at the news. The museum's social media account has been flooded with messages of support. In the meantime, the current collection will be closed. However, visitors will be compensated during the closure. Museum's special exhibition area will now be free of charge.This week, the resident exhibition is a display of ancient wall paintings on loan from Australia. They celebrate the cultural heritage of the country and will be available to view until Sunday. Next week, the exhibition will be taken over by the Wildlife Photographer of the Year Competition. The winner of this year's competition will be awarded a preview of the new fossil hall, as well as a cash prize.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A. It is the largest of its kind.B. It is starting an online exhibition.C. It is going to be expanded.D. It is displaying more fossil specimens.4. A. A collection of bird fossils from Australia.B. Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.C. Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.D. Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.【听力原文】News Report Three捡垃圾的鸟Six birds have just been trained to pick up rubbish at a French historical theme park. According to the park's manager, Mr. Villiers, the goal is not just to clear up the park. He says visitors are already good at keeping things clean. Instead, he wants to show that nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment. He says that rooks, the chosen birds, are considered to be particularly intelligent. In the right circumstances, they even like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play. The birds will be encouraged to clean the park through the use of a small box that delivers a small amount of bird food. Each time, the rook deposits a cigarette end or a small piece of rubbish.So far, visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds in action. However, some parents are concerned that it encourages their children to drop litter so they can watch the birds to pick it up. Villiers is not concerned about this criticism. He maintains most of the feedback he has received has been overwhelmingly positive. He hopes now to train more birds.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A. Amuse visitors. B. Deliver messages.C. Pick up trash.D. Play with children.6. A. They are children's favorite.B. They are especially intelligent.C. They are clean and pretty.D. They are quite easy to tame7. A. Children may overfeed the rooks.B. Children may contract bird diseases.C. Children may be harmed by the rooks.D. Children may be tempted to drop litter.Section B ConversationDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Conversation OneW: The name of the TV show we wish to produce is Science Nation.M: Please tell us more. What will Science Nation be about?W: It’ll be about science, all sorts of science. Each episode will focus on a different area of science, and tell us what we know, how we know it, and what we still don't know. The show will have one host only, and this will be Professor Susan Paul from Harvard University. She's a great public speaker.M: So, just to be clear, will the show's format be like that of a documentary?W: Kind of. It'll be like a documentary in the sense that it'll be non-fiction and fact-based. However, our idea is for it to be also fun and entertaining, something which traditional documentaries aren't so much. Please keep in mind this will be a new TV show, like nothing ever done before.M: Okay, so it'll be both educational and entertaining, and your audience will be anyone interested in science, right?W: That's correct, yes.M: Right, thank you. So, I think we're more or less clear what the show will be like. Could you please tell us now, what exactly you want from us?W: Yes, of course. Basically, what we need from you is financial support. In order to go ahead with this idea, we need 2 million dollars. This will cover the cost of making all 12 shows in the first season for the first year. If the show is a success, we can then look at making a second season for the following year.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A. It will cover different areas of science.B. It will be hosted by famous professors.C. It will be produced at Harvard University.D. It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.9. A. It will be more futuristic. B. It will be more entertaining.C. It will be more systematic.D. It will be easier to understand.10. A. Youngsters eager to explore. B. Students majoring in science.C. Children in their early teens.D. People interested in science.11. A. Provide financial support. B. Offer professional advice.C. Help promotes it on the Internet.D. Make episodes for its first season.【听力原文】Conversation TwoW: What's up with you? You don't look very happy.M: I feel like I'm a failure. I can't seem to do anything very well.W: I wouldn't say that. You do very well in a lot of things.That presentation you gave last week was excellent.M: Yes, but I have this urge to strive for perfection. I really want to push harder and progress further.W: Well, that's very admirable. But be careful. Over concern with being perfect can damage our confidence if we never achieve it.M: Yes, I know. I feel awful whenever I make a mistake in whatever I'm trying to do.W: Well, think about it. You can't make progress without making mistakes and learning from them. Thomas Edison, the famous inventor, once said, "I’ve not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work."M: You may well be right. I guess I should recognize my mistakes and learn the lessons they teach me and move forward.W: Also, remember a successful ending is not the only thing worthy of a celebration. You need to recognize each step of progress you take towards achieving your goals. And no matter how tiny it is, it's still good news.M: I always feel down when I see others accomplishing things and I feel miserable about my own achievements. I'm always trying to be as good as others, but I never seem to get there.W: Listen. If you always compare yourself with others, you'll never feel good enough. You're the only person you should be comparing yourself with. When you compare your current status with the starting point, you'll find you've made progress, right? That's good enough.M: That's great advice. Thank you. I'm feeling better already.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. Unsure. B. Helpless.C. Dissatisfied.D. Concerned.13. A. He loses heart when faced with setbacks.B. He is too concerned with being perfect.C. He takes on projects beyond his ability.D. He is too ambitious in achieving goals.14. A. Embarrassed B. UnconcernedC. Resentful.D. Miserable.15. A. Compare his present with his past only.B. Try to be optimistic whatever happens.C. Always learn from others ' achievements.D. Treat others the way he would be treated.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Passage OneSingle-sex education can have enormous benefits for female students. Numerous studies have shown that women who attend single-sex schools tend to have stronger self-confidence, better study habits and more ambitious career goals than women who attend coeducational schools. Girls who graduate from single-sex schools are three times more likely to become engineers than those who attend coeducational schools. The reason is that all-girls schools encourage women to enter fields traditionally dominated by men, such as science, technology and engineering. In coeducational schools, girls are often expected to succeed only in the humanities or the arts. Research has also shown that in coeducational settings, teachers are more likely to praise and give in-depth responses to a boy's comments in class. In contrast, they might only respond to a girl's comments with a nod. They are also more likely to encourage boys to work through problems on their own, while they tend to step in and help girls who struggle with a problem.In an all-girls setting, girls are more likely to speak up frequently and make significant contributions to class than in a coeducational setting. Girls studying in a single-sex setting also earn higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement exams than girls who study in coeducational settings. All girls schools tend to be smaller than coeducational schools, which means teachers will be able to tailor the materials to girl students' personal learning styles and interest.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. They have greater potential to be leaders.B. They are more likely to become engineers.C. They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.D. They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.17. A. Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.B. Insist that boys and girls work together more.C. Respond more positively to boys' comments.D. Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.18. A. Pay extra attention to top students.C. Place great emphasis on test scores.B. Provide a variety of optional courses.D. Offer personalized teaching materials.【听力原文】Passage TwoToday I found out that Seattle doesn't really get that much rain compared with most U.S. cities. In fact, Seattle ranks 44th among major U.S. cities in average annual rainfall. Cities that get more rainfall than Seattle include Huston, Memphis, Nashville, and pretty much every majorcity on the eastern coast; such as New York, Boston, and Miami. So, why does everyone think of Seattle as a rainy city? The primary root of this misconception lies in that Seattle has a relatively large number of days per year with rainfall compared with New York and Boston, which get an average of about 16% more rain per year than Seattle, but also average between them about 36 fewer days a year of rainfall. So it rains a lot less in Seattle. And the rain is spread out over more days than those cities. This is why few locals in Seattle carry an umbrella generally. When it does rain, it tends to be a very light rain that isn't troublesome. It almost never really rains as most people think. On top of that, it never really storms in Seattle, either. Seattle gets an average of a mere 7 days a year with thunder. [21JSo in short, if you like sunny but not too hot summers, mild winters but with lots of cloudy days, Seattle's the place to be. Anyway, if you visit Seattle, don't bring an umbrella. People will look at you, thinking you are funny.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. It seldom rains in summer time.B. It often rains cats and dogs.C. It does not rain as much as people think.D. It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.20. A. The rain is usually very light.B. The rain comes mostly at night.C. They have got used to the rain.D. They drive most of the time.21. A. It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.B. It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.C. It has never seen thunder and lightning.D. It has a lot of places for entertainment.【听力原文】Passage ThreeAfter tough workout or a day full of physical activity, its common to find your muscles aching, but where do these pains come from? According to a German professor, the soreness comes from straining your muscles in an uncommon way, for example, jumping on a bicycle for a ride, because you haven't ridden in a long time. Soreness occurs since your leg muscles aren't used to that movement. When muscles perform an activity they aren't regularly expose to, the tiny fibers that are inside them are being torn apart. As muscle soreness develops, the body has to work to repair the muscle tears, but this doesn't happen immediately. First, the body must realize the muscles are damaged. When the body realizes the muscles are hurt, the response is to increase blood flow to the area and increase body heat. Damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fiber fragments. Healing can take place after this. It takes about a day until these cells make it to your aching muscles. That's why there is most often a delay associated with muscle soreness. Repair of damaged cells takes about two days, and afterwards the soreness disappears. Unfortunately, there is little that can be done to relieve muscle soreness. Pain relieving creams don't work, but a hot shower or warm bath can provide some relief.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A. It results from exerting one's muscles continuously.B. It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.C. It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.D. It comes from straining one's muscles in an unusual way.23. A. They gradually become fragmented.B. They begin to make repairs immediately.C. Body movements in the affected area become difficult.D. Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.24. A. About two days. B. About ten days.C. About one week.D. About four weeks.25. A. Take pain-killers. B. Have a hot shower.C. Drink plenty of water.D. Apply muscle creams.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageFinally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory（呼吸道）viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example-or one row in front of or behind that individual-had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while travelling by air.Prior to the new study, little was known about the risk of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U. S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual. had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.A. accurateB. conclusionC. directlyD. eitherE. evaluateF. explorationsG. flightsH. largelyI. nearbyJ. respondK. slim L. spread M. summit N. vividly O. vulnerable Section BDirections：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter：Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its ownA) Getting around a city is one thing-and then there's the matter of getting from one city toanother. One vision of the perfect city of the future is a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea，as he has put it, is to offer businesses "rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale."B) "The 18t century really was waterborne（水运的）century, the 19th century a rail century, the20th century a highway, car, truck century-and the 21s century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air, "Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years."From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,"says Kasarda. The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.C) Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub（枢纽）.But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an "international business district" doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived（构想）his city of the future back in 1986.He considers Songdo his baby, Park sees himself as a visionary. Thirty years after he imagined the city，Park's baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on former tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There's Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower，as well as a park, golf course and university.D) Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music videoever to come out of South Korea. "Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo. "I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning."Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice. "E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over theworld. But that's not how it has turned out. Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town.But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there's a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there's a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven-all of the international brands that you see all over theworld nowadays.F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing baby carriages, old women withwalkers-even in the middle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005.He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact，the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans.Young families move here because the schools are great. And that's the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city-more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. "It's a great place to live.And it's becoming a great place to work," says Scott Summers, vice-president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of small boats and people fishing.Shimmering（闪烁的）glass towers line the canal's edgeG) "What's happened is that our focus on creating that quality of life first has enabled theresidents to live here," Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives for companies to locate here. The city is still unfinished，and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic.There's a high-tech underground trash disposal system.Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H) But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow." I’m, like，inprison for weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in her 20s.She doesn't want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend."I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights."But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul，just over 20 miles away.I) Park Yeon Soo, the man who first imagined Songdo, feels frustrated, too. He says he builtSouth Korea a luxury vehicle." like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate."But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies. J) Songdo's backers contend that it's still early, and business space is filling up-about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle." There have been a lot of utopian（乌托邦的）cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely."In other words, when it comes to cities-or anything else-it is hard to predict the future.36. Songdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37. The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of hisexpectations.38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to aprofessor.41. Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to internationaltransportation44. According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what willhappen in the future.45. Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy（征税）1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas，as well as other drinks with added sugar，such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages-including low-and no-calorie choices," said Lauren Kane，spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association."But most importantly，it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax."Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans."The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America."Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It's not just Berkeley anymore."Similar measures in California's Allbany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be。

2021年12月英语四级真题及答案-第1套(完整版)

2021年12月英语四级真题及答案-第1套参考答案全卷完 1、相信自己吧！坚持就是胜利！祝考试顺利，榜上有名！ 2、愿全国所有的考生都能以平常的心态参加考试，发挥自己的水平，考上理想的学校。

我真心地祝福你们。

3、试纸浸墨香，金笔下千言。

思虑心平定，谨慎落笔闲。

且喜平常度，切忌神慌乱。

畅游题海后，金榜题君名。

考试在即，祝你成功。

4、亲爱的同学，期末考试来了，愿你们考出好成绩，考到自己理想的成绩。

5、努力吧！不管结果怎样，经历过，总会有结果的！期中考试的朋友们，为你们祝福，也为自己祈祷！愿梦开始的地方，也是梦想实现的地方！嗯嗯，加油，嗯，加油！ 6、相信你们一定会有很多想说却未言的话，总之走过了，哭过了，笑过了，就不会有遗憾！带上我们的祝福去打造另外一片属于自己的天空吧！ 7、祝愿天下所有考生开心度过期中考试。

祝福你们旗开得胜，取得美好佳绩。

平心对待，你们是最棒的！仁慈的上帝会祝福你们的，相信自己，一定能行！ 8、眼看考试就要来了，向前看，相信自己，我会在远方为你送去最真挚的祝福，付出就会有收获的！ 1、高考了，祝愿你频施妙笔，作下妙句佳篇；频露锋芒，谱就千古绝唱；频施才智，成就考卷佳绩；频放异彩，展现才子风采。

祝愿你高考顺利，一顺百顺！ 2、高考日到了，愿你一帆风顺、二话不说、三阳开泰、四平八稳、五福临门、六六大顺、七星高照、八面威风、九转功成。

祝高考顺顺利利、金榜题名。

3、同学，我们一起经历了辛苦的高三，最后的高中生活快结束了，考试到了，祝你飞跃！ 4、亲爱的朋友，平和一下自己的心态，控制自己的情绪，以平常心态应考，考完一门忘一门，让自己尽量放松，好好休息。

希望你一举高中喔！ 5、手机铃响，那是问候；手机唱歌，那是祝福；手机震动，那一定是我握住了你的手。

专八考试成功！我的朋友。

6、知道你正在经历人生中的一次重要挑战，或许你有焦虑、有恐惧，也有激动，但想说，请不要忘记身边所有关爱着你的人，们是你坚强的后盾。

2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案

2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案一、四级听力部分：1 . D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters2. B)lt could pose a threat to other marine species3. C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars4. D)The rising air pollution in Paris5. A)His house was burnt down in a fire6. C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years7. B) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A)lt boasts a fairly long history.9. D)lt is a family business.1 0. B) Loss the competitive edge1 1 . D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.1 2. B)She is really impressed by the mans house1 3. C)From home design magazines1 4. A)The cost was affordable1 5. D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her1 6. C)Removing objects from patients noses and ears.1 7. B)Five*to nineyearolds are the most likely to put things in their ears1 8. D)They are curious about these body parts1 9. A)lt gave her a used bicycle.20. AjExpanding bikeriding lessons21 . D)lt is a charity organization.22. A)How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. C)They were not used to the lowgravity environment.24. B)They already felt at home in the new environment.25. C)They behaved as if they were on Earth.二、四级选词填空部分：The things people make, and the way they make them...26. K. matters27. G. flexible28. M. promised29. C. enormously30.O. spared31 .F. feature32. H. inevitably33. A. automation34. D. fantastic35. N. shape三、四级信息匹配部分：Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 1 0 Americans cant come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason： economic instability strerches across race,gen? der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of colorspecifically black women and” black mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying lowwage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability 四、四级仔细阅读部分：P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailersrefusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generation’ s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth五、四级作文部分：WritingDirections： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 1 20 words but no more than 1 80 words.范文：Changes in the way of education As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.六、四级翻译部分：生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。

2020年9月英语四级考试第1套真题与解析

霆A)。

短文开头提到，在心理学家最近进行的一项关千智能手机破坏性影响的研究中，两组大学生被要求做字谜游戏。

因此答案为A)。

23.关千第二组的许多受试学生在电话铃响后的表现，我们了解到什么？A)铃声结束后他们才能继续（字谜游戏）。

C)他们立刻拿起手机，回拨电话。

B)他们无法继续专注地完成任务。

D)他们要求实验人员挂断电话。

也登Ni)B)。

短文中提到，在第二组学生解字谜的过程中，实验人员拨打了一位学生的手机，让它响了一会才挂断。

之后，第二组的许多学生无法集中注意力，他们变得焦虑，表现得比第一组更差。

因此答案为B)。

24.根据短文内容，使用智能手机最大的影响是什么？A)悄感间题增多。

C)睡眠减少。

B)体育运动减少。

D)学习成绩退步。

＠西枙C)。

短文提到，智能手机会带来各种负面影响，如人际交往和学业问题，但最大的影响是睡眠时长的缩短，这会导致健康状况不佳和肥胖问题。

因此答案为C)。

25.讲话者建议人们做什么？A)保护年轻一代的视力。

C)认识到科技的破坏作用。

B)采取有效措施提高生产力。

D)确保每天有充足的睡眠。

百解C)。

短文最后提到，科技是个伟大的工具，但认识到它的负面作用是很重要的，睡眠的减少、生产力的降低、肥胖等问题仅仅是冰山一角。

如果我们不注意这些小问题，对后代的影响将会更大。

由此可知，讲话者建议人们要认识到技术的破坏性影响。

因此答案为C )。

一"O词汇注释disruptive [ d 1s 1r11.ptxv] a. 引起混乱的interfere [ ,int"''如]v. 干扰decline [ d 11kla1n] n. 下降，降低academic [忠对dem1k]a. 学术的dramatic [ d r�'m 如k]a. 显著的；急剧的downside ['daunsa1d] n . 负面，缺点Part III Reading Com p rehension ＿本文选自2018年11月7日刊登在.a u 网站上一篇题为础ancial Stress (三种类型的财务压力）的文章。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)

2014年12月四级真题（第1套）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A． The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.B． He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother's visit.C． He does not remember when his mother canoe over.D． His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.2. A． The bus stop is only two minutes' walk.B． The nmning made him short of breath.C． They might as well take the next bus.D． The woman is late by a couple of minutes.3. A． She is suffering a pain in her neck.B． She is likely to replace Miss Smith.C． She has to do extra work for a few days.D． She is quite sick of working overtime.4. A． Change her job.B． Buy a dishwasher.C． Open a flower shop.D． Start her own business.5. A． He forgot where he had left the package.B． He slipped on his way to the post office.C． He wanted to deliver the package himself.D． He failed to do what he promised to do.6. A． The speakers do not agree with each other.B． The woman does not like horror films.C． The man pays for the tickets as a rule.D． The speakers happened" to meet in the cinema.7. A． The woman is just as unlucky as the man.B． The woman is more sensitive than the man.C． The speakers share a common view on love.D． The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.8. A． Preparations for a forum.B． Participants in the forum.C． Organizers of a forum.D． Expectations of the forum.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． France.B． Scandinavia.C． Russia.D． East Europe.10. A． More women will be promoted in the workplace.B． More women will overcome their inadequacies.C． More women will receive higher education.D． More women will work outside the family.11. A． Try hard to protect women's rights.B． Educate men to respect women more.C． Help women acquire more professional skills.D． Spend more time changing women's attitudes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A． In a restaurant.B． In a hotel lobby.C． At the man's office.D． At the woman's place.13. A． He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.B． He has completed an overseas market survey.C． He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.D． He has just come back from a trip to Africa.14. A． To select the right model.B． To get a good import agent.C． To convince the board members.D． To cut down production costs.15. A． His flexibility.B． His vision.C． His intelligence.D． His determination.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tho best answer from tho four choices marked A．, B．, C．andD．. Then mark tho corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through tho centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2014年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)

2014年6月四级真题(第1套)Part IWriting(30minutes)minutes)Directions:For this part,.you are allowed30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question.You should w~te at least 120words but No more than180words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown,what is the most interestingplace you would like to take him/her to see and why?__________________________________________________________________________注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答Part HListening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirecti6ns:In Sis section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only onee. After each question there well be apause.During the pause,you must rectd the four choices marked A),E),C)and D),anddecide which is the best answer.Then mark the eorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a sinate line thougk the centre.1.A.See a doctor about her strained shoulder,e a ladder to help her reach the tea.C.Replace the cupboard with a new one.D.Place the tea on lower sheLf next time.2.A.At Mary johuson's.B.At a painter's studio.C.In an exhibition hall.D.Outside an art gallery.3.A.The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B.She doesnot quite agree with what the man said.C.The man had better talk with the students himself.D.New students usually canno offer a fair evaiuation4.A.He helped Doris build up the furniture.B.Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C.Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D.He was good at assembling bookshelves.5.A.He doesn't get on with the others.B.He doesn't feel at ease m the firm.C.He hasbeen taken for a fool.D.He has found a better position.6.A.They should finish the work as soon as possible.B.He will continue to work in the garden himself.C.He is tired of doing gardeulng on weekends.D.They can hire a gardener to do the work.7.A.The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B.The man's apartment is ready for rentC.The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D)The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.8.A.The man will give the mechaulc a call.B.The woman is waiting for a call.C.The woman is doing some repairs.D.The man KNows the mechanic very well.Questions9to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.Shehad a job interview to attend.B.She was busy finishing her project.C.She had to attend an important meeting.D.She was in the middle of writing an essay.10.A.Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B.Hand in her roommate's application form.C.Submit her roommate's assignment.D.Help her roommate with her report.11.A.Where Dr.Ellis's office is located.B.When Dr.Ellis'leaves his office.C.Directions to the classroom building.D.Dr.Ellis's schedule for the afternoon.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.He finds it rather stressful.B.He is thinking of quitting it.C.He can handle it quite well.D.He has to work extra hours.13.A.The6:00one.B.The6:30one.C.The7:00one.D.The7:30one.14.A.It is an awful waste of time.B.He finds it rather unbearable.C.The time on the train is enjoyable.D.It is something difficult to get used m.15.A.Reading newspapers.B.Chatting with friends.C.Listening to the daily news.D.Planning the day's work.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear3short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line throughthe centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

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2018年6月英语四级考试真题及答案第1套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C) A father's message for his daughter.D) The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.C) She had been asked by her father to do so.D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) It proved to be of high commercial value.D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems.B) The air pollution it produced.C) Inadequate funding.D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.C) It is a safer means of transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B) It sounds quite alarming.C) It has little impact on our daily life.D) It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.C) They don't want something too noisy.D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodation on campus.D) Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.B) She has become friends with Catherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) To discover what most mice like to eat.D) To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry.B) When they are thirsty.C) When they smell food.。