简单句的五种基本句型(DOC)
2017年中招考试
英语基础知识(语法系列)系统总结与练习：简单句的五种基
本句型
其考查重点为：
1、简单句的反意疑问句 2.复合句的反意疑问句 3.祈使句的反意疑问句
【考点】
一、对疑问句的考查
一___________do you usually fly kites?
一In the park．[北京市]
A Why B．How C When D．Where
[答案]D。[解析]考查疑问副词。回答：“在公园”可知上句一定是“你通常在哪里放风筝?”
park表地方，故选D。
1、---The blue jacket looks nice on you. _________is it?
---It's 50 dollars. [吉林省]
A. How many
B. How much
C. How long
D. How often
2、---________?
---He is tall. [陕西省]
A. How is he
B. What does he like
C. What is he
D. What does he look like
3、–Sandy ,_________are you going for vacation?
--To Hainan Island. I prefer lying on the beach. [太原市]
A. where
B. when
C. what
4、-- ________will your Dad be back from Dalian?
--In a week, I think.[吉林省]
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
5、--______ are you talking about?
-- The Olympic Games in Beijing.
A. What
B. Whom
C. How
D. Where (杭州)
一、对反意疑问句的考查
【考例】The air is fresh outside. Let's go and take a walk, _________?[昆明市]
A. will you
B. shall we
C. don't you
D. aren't you
[答案]B。[解析] 这是一个let's引导的祈使句，表示建议，这样的句子在构成反意疑问句时，在句末加shall we，所以B项正确。
1、There is some water in that bottle, isn't ________?[兰州市]
A. there
B. it
C. that
2、——Few well-known singers came to the concert，did they?
一__________.Such as Andy Lau，Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang．[黄冈市]
A．No，they didn't B．Yes，they did C No，they did D．Yes，they didn't
二、对祈使句的考查
祈使句是简单句中的一种类型，通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气，在口语中十分常用。祈使句的用法是近几年来各类中考试卷中常考的热点。现结合高考题，对几种考点作以归纳。
--_________kind girl Nancy is!
--Yes, she is always ready to help others. [南京市]
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
[答案]B。[解析]考查感叹句。感叹句用how和what引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词和动词。
1.---It's reported that the 29th Olympic torch(奥运火炬)is going to travel to 135 cities around the world.
---__ exciting the news is! And it will arrive at the opening ceremony (开幕式)on August 8th,2008. [哈尔滨市] A. What B. How C. What an
2. ________tall the boy is! He can play volleyball very well[长沙市]
A. How
B. What a
C. What
3. --I hear that an old couple are traveling around China by bike.
--Oh, ___________ long way on their bicycles! They are so great. [河南省]
A. what a
B. how
C. what
D. how a 4．一一____terrible weather it is!
——The radio says that it'll get ____later in the day|[扬州市]
A．What a；bad B What；worse C．HOW；bad D．How a：worse
【语法回顾】
简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。
简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。
陈述句
用以肯定或否定一件事情或看法的叙述性句子叫陈述句。句末用句号，读时用降调。
1、陈述句肯定式的正常语序是主语位于谓语前。例如：
We'll meet again tomorrow .
2、陈述句否定式的结构
（1）在连系动词be，实义动词have，助动词或情态动词后加not，never......等否定词构成否定式。例如：
We mustn't waste any more time.
当谓语动词是have“有”时，其否定式可以有两种：
Students usually have not their P.E. lessons on Monday.学生们通常在星期一没有体育课。Students don't usually have not their P.E. lessons on Monday.
（2）在行为动词前加do （does，did）not（句中的行为动词应用原形）构成否定式。例如：I didn't find Chinese easy at first.
（3）句中若有no，none，little，not，nobody，nothing，neither，nor，never，hardly，scarcely 等否定意义的词，可构成陈述句的否定式，同时不能再用not。例如：
I had never seen such a good match before that day!
Many of the country people could neither read nor write.
（4）在have 作“有”解时的否定结构中，如用not 则在宾语前常有a （an），any，many，much等词；如用no，则不用这些词而应紧跟名词。have 不作“有”解时，通常按行为动词构成否定式。在美国英语中，have 总是按行为动词构成。例如：
They don't have any meeting in the afternoon.
II. 疑问句
用来提问的句子叫疑问句，句末用问号。疑问句主要有四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
1、一般疑问句
1）一般疑问句的构成
陈述句的谓语动词是动词be或have，构成一般疑问句时只须颠倒主语和动词的语序。例如：She is a nurse. Is she a nurse?
He has many friend. Has he many friends?/ Does he have many friends?
陈述句的谓语部分是“助动词/ 情态动词+实义动词”构成一般疑问句时，只将助动词或情态动词移放在主语前面。例如：
The premier has been to our school. Has the premier been to our school?
陈述句的谓语动词如果是一般实义动词，构成一般问句时，要用“Do / Does / Did +主语+动词原形”构成这一结构实际上只用于“现在一般时态和过去一般时态中谓语动词为实义动词”的情况。例如：
The students read English every morning. Do the students read English every morning? 2）一般疑问句的回答
一般问句要用升调。一般要求用Yes或No来回答；有时，也可用其他表示肯定或否定的词或相应的结构来回答，如：perhaps, certainly, of course, all right, I think so, surely; never, sorry, not yet, certainly not, not at all, I'm afraid not等。例如：
"Do you want to study English?" " Yes, I do."
若表示肯定“我想学”，也可以回答：Certainly.或Of course.意为“当然”。
当回答: No, I don't.“不，我不想学”时，还可以回答：Certainly not.（当然不想）或Not at all.（一点儿不想学）
3）一般问句的否定形式
一般问句也有否定形式，肯定回答时用“Yes, +肯定结构”；否定回答时，用“No，+否定结构”。请注意这种语境中Yes和No与汉语的译义逻辑关系。例如：
"Don't you want to stay with me? “Yes, I do.（“No, I don't.”）
2、特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是以疑问代词(who, whom, what, which)、疑问形容词(which, what, whose)或疑问副词(when, where, how, why)开头。特殊疑问句一般用降调。
1）特殊疑问句的构成
如果疑问代词是问句的主语或以“疑问形容词+名词”为问句的主语，这个问句就用正常的陈述句语序。例如：Who is your teacher?
疑问句除作问句的主语或主语的定语以外，其余情况一律用“疑问词+一般疑问句”的语序。例如：Whose is this shirt?(Whose shirt is this?)这衬衣是谁的？
如果疑问词是介词的宾语这个特殊疑问句就可以有两种情况：To whom did you give the letter?
3、选择疑问句
选择疑问句是要求从所提出的两个或多个项目中选择一个答案。朗读时，前面的项目用升调，最后一个项目用降调。选择问句有两种类型：
1）类似一般问句的类型，即“一般问句+or+省略的一般问句”。例如：
"Is it right or wrong?" "It's right."
2）类似特殊疑问句的类型，即“特殊疑问句+or+省略的特殊疑问句”。例如：
"Which coffee would you like, black or white?"
{注意}上面结构中所说的“省略”均指的是问句中相同部分的省略，选项绝对不能省略。如果句中没有重复的部分省略就是不可能的。如下面这个句子就不能写成省略的形式。
Are you a teacher now or have you not finished college yet? 你现在是教师，或是还没有大学毕
业？
选择的项目可以用不同的方式提出，即所表达的意思一样而表达的方式可以不同。例如：Is it right or wrong? (wrong前省略了"is it")
4、反意疑问句
1、当前面陈述部分的主语是“this，that”时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；当前面陈述部分的主语是“these，those”时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替；当前面陈述部分是感叹句时，反意疑问句的主语应根据感叹句强调的情况用it、they、he、she等。例如：
This is very important, isn't it?
2、当前面陈述部分是“There be......”句型时，反意疑问句仍用there。例如：
There is a radio on the table, isn't there? Yes, there is.
3、当前面陈述部分是“I am+表语”时，反意疑问句常用“aren't I”。例如：I'm late, aren't I?
4、当不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句等充当前面陈述部分的主语时，反意问句中的主语用it。例如：
What you need is more practice, isn't it?
5、当前面陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，那么疑问部分的谓语应该跟主句的谓语所用的形式一致。例如：
You needn't do that when your maid is here, need you?
6、当前面陈述部分是everything，anything，something，nothing等不定代词时，反意问句的主语一般用it。例如：Everything is all right, isn't it?
7、当前面陈述部分是由“I'm sure that；I'm afraid that；we are sure that；We are afraid that；
I feel sure that；We feel sure that”构成时，反意疑问句与主要信息的宾语从句相一致。例如：I'm sure you'll help her, won't you? 我确信你会帮助她，不是吗？
8、当前面陈述部分中含有否定意义的前缀和否定意义的后缀的单词时（hopeless，careless，unfit，dislike，irregular，impossible，disagree，unsuccessful，incomplete，inactive，inexact，dishonest，unhealthy，unhelpful，uninterested，unpleasant等），反意疑问句用否定形式。例如：
He is unfit for his office, isn't he?
9、当前面陈述部分句首的前面有so，oh时，句子所带有的感情色彩更加明显，反意疑问句与前面主句谓语一致。在语法上这种情况应叫修饰性疑问句，其语调从头至尾应是降调。例如：
So you are getting married, are you?
10、当前面陈述部分的主语是缩写的'd时，应视情况判断其缩写是would，could，had还是should。有's时，具体判断是is还是has的缩写。例如：You'd like some coffee, wouldn't you? 11、注意判断陈述部分的主语是单数还是复数，反意疑问句从人称和数上应与陈述部分主语相一致。例如：None of the food was wasted, was it?
12、当前面陈述部分中含有must表示推测时，应根据时态和时间确定其反意疑问句的形式，其后的反意疑问句中不能重复must。对现在的肯定推测用be与主语相一致；对过去的肯定推测用have与主语相一致；对过去的肯定推测中含有明确的时间状语时，常用did。例如：
You must be tired, aren't you?
13、陈述部分以第一人称主语I / We+ don't think（expect，believe，guess，imagine，suppose）+ that 从句时，反意问句与从句相一致，用肯定式，因否定已前移。否则，主句是由其他人称作主语时，仍与主句相一致。例如：
I suppose you know the meaning of this word, don't you?
14、当前面陈述部分是I wish to do......时，反意疑问句用may I；当前面陈述部分是Neither you nor I am a doctor时，反意疑问句用are we；当前面陈述部分是Let us do......时，反意疑问句用will you或won't you；当前面陈述部分是let's do ......时，反意疑问句用shall we；当前面主句是否定祈使句时，用will you；当陈述部分以Let's not开头时，其后的反意疑问句用ok或all right；以Let them （him，the boy，her......)开头时，反意疑问句用will you。
例如：
Let's have a rest, shall we? 咱们休息一会儿，好吗？
Let us have a look at it, will you? 让我们看一看它，行吗？
I wish to go home now, may I? 我想现在回家，行吗？
15、当前面陈述部分中含有little, few, hardly, seldom, never, none, nothing, no, scarcely时，反意问句用肯定形式。
He seldom writes to you, does he?
16、当前面陈述部分中的谓语是used to时，反意疑问句常用usedn't或didn't，有时也可见到用usedn't。例如：
He used to live in London, use(d)n't he / didn't he?
17、当前面陈述部分中的谓语动词是have当“有”讲时，反意疑问句中可用have或其他助动词与主语相一致。当have不当“有”讲时，只能用其他助动词与主语相一致。
She has a brother, hasn't (doesn't) she?
18、由于情态动词must具有推测性和非推测性，指客观情况的是非推测性用法而指说话人的主观看法是推测性用法。当前面陈述部分的must是非推测性用法时，反意疑问句分别用mustn't或needn't相对应。
1）当must表示“必须”时，其后的反意疑问句用mustn't。
We must work hard，mustn't we?
2）当must表示“必要”时，其后的反意疑问句用needn't。
We must learn from her, needn't we?
3）当must表示“禁止”时，其后的反意疑问句用must或may 。
I mustn't tell it to him, must (may) I?
4）当must表示“询问”时，其后的反意疑问句用will。
You must come to see us, will you?
19、当前面陈述部分主语是everyone，everybody，anybody，anyone，someone，somebody，no one，nobody，each，one等不定代词时，反意问句的主语用they，也可用he。Everybody knows the answer, don't they?
III、祈使句
英语句子按其使用目的来分类可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四大类型。祈使句作为这四大类型之一，有其特有的用法和表达形式。
一、祈使句的用法
1、祈使句又叫命令句，通常被用于表示命令、请求或禁止的语气。例如：
Speak a little more slowly, please!
2、此外，祈使句可用于表示邀请、建议、指路等。例如：
Have another moon cake, please.
3、祈使句也可用来表条件，常用于“祈使句+and / or +陈述句”句型中。例如：
Take more exercise and you'll feel healthy.
二、祈使句的表达形式
1、以原形动词引起祈使句。这类句子是以原形动词开头，它的主语通常是第二人称（you），
习惯上常省去，具体说来又可分为“do 型”和“be 型”两种结构。例如：
（1）“do 型”，即“行为动词原形+宾语（+其它成分）”构成。例如：Look after them, please. （2）“be 型”即由“Be+表语（+其它成分）”构成。例如：Be quiet, boys and girls.
以上结构的祈使句构成否定时，常以don't置于句首构成，即：
（1）“Don't +行为动词原形+（其它成分）”。例如：Don't worry, I can help you.
（2）“Don't +be+表语（+其它成分）”。例如：Don't be late for school next time.
2、含有let的祈使句可分为两种类型。一种是“Let+名词/代词+动词原形”结构。例如：
Let me help you.
这种句型从类型上分，完全属于“do 型”祈使句。它的否定式也是在let前加don't。例如：Don't let him in.别让他进来。Don't let the boy climb the tree.别让那个男孩爬树。
还有一种let构成的祈使句是以let's开头的，它是一种特殊形式的祈使句，它并不是“命令、请求”对方做某事，而是说话者要与对方一起去做某事，常译为“咱们......”。例如：
Let's go to the park with Tom
注意：Let's构成的祈使句的否定形式不是在前面加Don't，而是在Let's后面加not。例如：
Let's not stay here.咱们别在这儿。Let's not go there any more.咱们再别去那儿了。
因此，要注意Let's构成的祈使句并不是Let us的省略形式，它们属于两种不同形式的祈使句。这在变反意疑问句时也能看得出：“Let's......”构成的祈使句附加部分应为shall we？而“Let us”形式的祈使句的附加部分应为Will you？。例如：Let him come here, will you?
3、以No开头的祈使句。这类祈使句结构为“No + V-ing”，它通常用于公共场所禁止、警告的提示语，表示“禁止做某事”。例如：No parking!
4、有时在口语中，为了表达简洁，直接用名词引起一个祈使句。例如：
One moment, please!
5、有的祈使句中出现主语，目的是为了指明向谁提出请求或命令等。例如：
Tom, listen to me.
有时是为了加强语气或表示厌烦、不高兴的情绪。例如：Don't you be late again.
IV、感叹句
感叹句的基本句型
What引导的感叹句, what为形容词, 后接名词。例如：
What+（形容词）复数可数名词/ 不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！
What lovely boys they are! What fine weather it is!
What+不定冠词a（an）+（形容词）单数可数名词+主语+谓语动词！
What a fine day it is!
How引导的感叹句，How为副词，后接形容词或副词。
How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语动词！
How beautiful the flowers are！
注意：a）“What + a（an）+形容词+单数可数名词”这一结构可转换成“How +形容词+不定冠词a（an）+单数可数名词”What a clever boy he is！=How clever a boy he is！
b）How也可以修饰句中的动词—动词保留在原陈述句的谓语位置上。例如：How I used to hate painting！
一、单项选择
1. (泰安)--- _______do you read English newspapers? ---I read China Daily every day.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
2.(抚州)John had a short walk after lunch, _______？
A. did he
B. didn't he
C. had he
D. hadn't he
3.(宁波)--- _______do you have an Art Festival in your school? --Once a year.
A. How long
B. How often
C. How far
D. How soon
4.(安徽省)If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so _______I.
A. do
B. am
C. will
D. should
5.( 长沙) _______tall the girl is! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
6.(长沙) _______ call me Mimi! It's my cat's name.
A. Not
B. Didn't
C. Doesn't
D. Don't
7.(长沙)They went to the park yesterday,_______?
A. don't they
B. didn't they
C. aren't they
D. can't they
8.(福州)---Li Mei usually helps others, _______？ ---Yes, she is kind-hearted.
A. does she
B. is she
C. doesn't she
9.(眉山)There _______an English party in our school tomorrow evening.
A. have
B. will have
C. is going to have
D. will be
10. (济南)--- _______a year does your school have sports meetings? --Twice a year.
A. How often
B. How soon
C. How long
D. How many times
11. (泰州)---I have changed my job. ---_______.
A. So do I
B. So have I
C. So I do
D. So I have
12. (济南)Mike learns a lot about Internet. And _______.
A. I don't, either
B. so do I
C. so am I
D.I am, too
13. (眉山)Jim never goes to the movies on Saturday, _______？
A. does Jim
B. doesn't Jim
C. doesn't he
D. does he
14. (玉州)You've just finished your listening exam,Please get yourself ready for the next part, ____？
A. shall we
B. will you
C. do you
D. are you
15. (眉山)--- _______the weather like last Monday? ---It was sunny.
A. How was
B. What's
C. What was
D. How is
16. (潍坊)_______great scientist Qian Xuesen is!
A. How
B. Howa
C. What
D. What a
17. (眉山)--- _______do you visit your grandparents? ---Once a month.
A. How soon
B. How long
C. How much
D. How often
18. (内江)--- ___ do you speak English so well? ---Because I practice it with my partner every day. A. Why B. When C. Who
19. (泉州)---We'll go to Qing Yuan Mountain tomorrow. Why _______join us? ---That's
a good idea. A. not B. don't C. can't D. didn't
20. (泉州)There is little milk in the glass, _______？
A. is there
B. isn't there
C. isn't it
D. does it
21. (肇庆)The students in Class Two played basketball against Class One yesterday,_____? A. did they B. didn't they C. weren't they
22．—You lent me some money a few months ago.
--_____? I don’t remember lendi ng you any money.
A. Did I
B. Did you
C. Do I
D. Do you
23．-- _______ is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?
--About two kilometers.
A. How often
B. How far
C. How soon
D. How long
24．-- Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?
-- ______.
A. Yes, a dictionary
B. No, a magazine
C. A dictionary
D. Yes, both 25．-- _____ do you like Chinese food? --Very much.
A. What
B. Why
C. How
D. For what
26．"Tom, afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy, "said Mum. A. not be B. not to be C. be not D. don' t be
27．__________ is your telephone number ？— 865 2738.
A. How
B. What
C. How many
D. How much
28．________ did you like the trip to Hainan？ -It was wonderful.
A. When
B. How
C. Where
D. What
29．______ is this machine for?
A．How B．Why C．Which D．What
30．—It’s a secret between us.Don’t tell anybody.___________.
A.I do
B.I don’t
C.I will
D.I won’t
31．Be ________, and you will do well in the English exam.
A. careful
B. polite
C. sure
D. friendly
32．--Let's go and play football, ______? -- That's wonderful.
A. will you
B. do you
C. won't we
D. shall we 33．Few people knew how to use the Internet in the past,_____?
A. did they
B. didn't they
C. did he
D. didn't he
34．—Why is Tom absent?
—He must be sick, _____?
A. isn’t he
B. must he
C. is he
D. mustn’t he
35．I don’t think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, _____? A. do I B. could he C. did he D. has he
36． Most students used to listen to their teachers in class and completely obey their teachers, _____?
A. used they
B. weren’t they
C. didn’t they
D. did they
37. -- ________terrible weather it is!
--It is said that it will get ________ later.
A. What ; good
B. What ; better
C. What a ; better
38. _________fine weather it is today!
A. What a
B. How
C. How a
D. What
39．______ long the bridge is! Let me drive you over it.
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
40．--- important tool the computer is! ---I think so.
A. What a
B. How
C. What an
D. How an
英语简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： Country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式） 2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 1)简单谓语： We study for the people. 2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） It began to rain.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如：We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.（名词） They painted（涂漆） their boat white.（形容词） Let the fresh（新鲜的） air in.（副词） You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语） We saw her entering the room.（现在分词） We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing（发展中） country; America is a developed（发达） country.（分词）
简单句的五种基本句型教案
教学讲义
三、主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) [例句]1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The cake smells good. 蛋糕味道很好。 3. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。 4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 5. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 6. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。 7. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 四、主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) [例句]1. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。 3. I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。 4. I gave my car a wash.我洗了我的汽车。 5. I told him that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 6. He showed me how to run the machine.他教我开机器。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思，故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常
英语简单句的五种基本句型
英语简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。
? 2). 8). 3）4）〕， 7）8),〕等。 2．S十 需和 1. 来 来);?taste?(尝起来),等。? 2.表示主语进入某种状态或变得具有某种性质。这类词常见的有：become?(成为,变得);?get?(逐 渐变得);?grow?(渐渐变得);?turn?(变成),等。? 3.表示主语保持某种状态或继续具备某种性质。这类词常见的有：keep?(保持,继 续);?remain?(依然,仍然);?stay?(停留,保持下去),等。例如? 1).It?looks?much?better?now.?? 2).The?trees?turn?green.? 3).OK.?Listen,?that’s?the?bell.? 4).He?is?our?English?teacher.? 5).Everyone?is?here,?but?Jim’s?away.?
6).He?is?at?the?cinema.? 7).It?looks?like?a?chicken.? 8).His?wish?was?to?become?a?teacher.? 9).Seeing?is?believing.? 10).That?book?is?very?interesting.? 11).Wei?Hua’s?pen?was?broken? 12).That’s?why?I?was?late?for?class.? 表语用来表示主语的身份、状态或性质。能在句中作表语的有形容词〔例1）2）〕，名词〔例3）4）〕，副词〔例5）〕，介词短语〔例6）7）〕，不定式短语〔例8）〕，动词-ing形式〔例9）10）〕，过去分词〔例11）〕，从句〔例12）〕，等。? 3．S十V十O句式:?主语+及物动词+宾语??如：??? 3).I 7). 2）〕，代词〔例3 4．S十 说明： 4). ? 通常间接宾语置于直接宾语之后。这是间接宾语前需要用一个介词to或for。例如：? 1).I?wanted?to?show?it?to?you.? 2).You?mustn’t?lend?it?to?others.? 3).Please?buys?a?bottle?of?ink?for?me.? 4).Can?you?draw?a?picture?of?a?sheep?for?me????? 用to还是for取决于前面的动词。? A：bring、give、hand、leave、lend、pass、pay、return、send、teach、tell、throw、write、等动词后跟to。 B：buy,cook,do,find,get,make,play,sing,save,等动词后跟for。? 5．S十V十O十C句式??主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语??如：???
五种简单句的基本句型练习题
英语中的五种基本句型练习题 一）判断这些句子的类型并理解be 动词的用法（连系动词／助动词）1.The boy is asleep （_____ 式_ ） 2.The boy is sleeping. （__ 式_ ）3.The boy is playing the guitar. （_____ 式） 4.He is playing happily. （ ________________________________ 式） 5.His music is very beautiful. （____ 式） 6.It is beautiful music. （ ______________________________ 式） 二）判断这些句子的类型 1. Sheis a very good girl .（ ________________________ ___式_ ） （__语）（__词）（___语） 2. Thegirl is very good.（____ __式） （__语）（__词）（___语） 3. They I laughed.（ ____ 式 __）_ （__语）（__词） 4. The kites I fly in the sky.（_ 式） （__语）（__词） 5. I I bought a new bike.（___ 式） （__语）（__词）（__语） 6. He I plays volleyball.（ ___ 式） （__语）（__词）（__语） 7. She I told me a story.（ ________________________ 式）（__语）（__词）（__语）（__语）
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。简单句有五种基本句型结构： ★主语+谓语(S+V) 谓语是不及物动词，其后可加副词、介词短语等。例如： They sat together quietly. 他们静静地坐在一起。 The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。 ★主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 谓语是及物动词，宾语通常是名词、代词、动词不定式、V-ing形式等。例如： He doesn’t like the movie. 他不喜欢这部电影。 Do you know them, Li Ming? 李明，你认识他们吗？ ★主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, turn, get等，表语通常是形容词、名词、代词等。例如： Your new watch looks very nice. 你的新手表看起来很漂亮。 That sounds a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。 ★主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+InO+DO) 某些动词后的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，如：give, lend, pass, show, send等；某些动词后的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，如：buy, choose, cook, make, sing等。例如：Can you pass me the book? = Can you pass the book to me? 你能把书递给我吗？ She sang us an English song. = She sang an English song for us. 她为我们唱了一首英语歌。★主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) 这类谓语动词主要有find, keep, feel, wish, think, name, call, ask, advise, teach, want, notice 等。宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常是形容词、名词、动词不定式、介词短语等。例如： He found his new job very interesting. 他发现他的新工作很有趣。 Mr. Li asked us to write a report. 李老师让我们写一份报告。 即时操练 ( ) 2. Can you lend me your dictionary? ( ) 3. Mum is cooking in the kitchen. ( ) 4. Danny made all of us laugh.
(完整word版)简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 一、句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 ①简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成，其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。 ②并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。并列连词有：and, but, or, so等。 ③复合句是由主句＋从句构成。由从属连词连接，如because, if, when, while, until, after, before, as soon as等。分为名词性从句，形容词性从句（即定语从句），副词性从句（即状语从句）三大类。其中最著名的是宾语从句，定语从句和状语从句。 二、简单句的五个基本句式： ①主谓②主谓宾③主谓双宾④主谓宾补⑤主系表 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 谓语:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语：1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。 补语：宾补，对宾语的补充。主补，对主语的补充。 判断下列句子是那种结构： 1. He is swimming. 2. It made him angry. 3. The little boy is asking the teacher questions. 4. She is young. 5. My mom bought me a beautiful gift. 6. He kept his eyes closed. 7. He told us an exciting story. 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open？ 11. He seemed tired. 1.主谓 2.主谓宾补 3.主谓双宾 4.主系表 5.主谓双宾 6.主谓宾补 7.主谓双宾 8.主谓宾补 9.主谓宾补10.主谓宾补11.主系表
简单句共有五种基本句型
简单句 一、1. 五种基本句型 1. S+ V 即：主语+不及物动词 My head aches. Everybody laughed. 不及物动词加一个介词后构成的动词短语可以加宾语。如：agree with lie in, work at, belong to, come across, to etc. 2、S+ V+ P 即：主语+连系动词+表语 English is very easy. He looks tired. 常见的系动词（link v. ）有be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell grow, get, fall ill / asleep, stand / sit still , become, turn etc. 3、S+ V+ O 即：主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes the flowers. Dad bought a car. 4、S+ V + INO + DO即：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语常见的须带双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn etc. He told her the news. = He told the news to me. My father bought me a bike. = My father bought a bike for me. 5、S+ V+ O + OC 即：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的动词有find, make, leave, get ,see, etc. He told me to stay home. The smell made him sick. 说明：上述各例都简化到了最低限度，在此基础上，我们可以加上一些修饰成分使句子变得更复杂，表达更丰富的内容。如： In fact, English is very easy to teach. She likes the flowers very much. He told her the news on the home. 二、疑问句 1. 一般疑问句：Do you like reading novels? 2. 特殊疑问句： Mom is coming. What present do you expect she has got for your birthday. 3. 选择疑问句: Will you stay home or go sightseeing on National Day?
简单句的五种基本句型典型例句
简单句的五种基本句型典型例句 五种基本句型结构 一、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语) （谓语为不及物动词） The red sun rises in the east.红彤彤的太阳从东方升起来。 Lucy and Mary get up early every morning.露西和玛丽每天早上很早就起床。 His parents have worked in the company for ten years. 他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。 What he said does not matter.他说的话不重要。 They had to travel by boat.他们不得不乘船旅行。 二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语) Our English teacher is thirty years old.我们的英语老师30岁了。 The cake tastes delicious.这个蛋糕吃起来很可口。 The potatoes went bad in the field.土豆在地里就坏了。 They seemed very happy together.他们在一起好像很幸福。 It gets colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 The leaves have turned yellow. 树叶已经变黄了。 三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语)（谓语为及物动词）＋Object (宾语) He put the dictionary in the backpack. 他把词典放进了背包里。 I saw her just now and she was doing her homework in the classroom.我刚 才看到她了,她正在教室做作业。 They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party. 他们还没有决定什么时候、在哪儿举办这次聚会。
初中英语简单句的五种基本句型
初中英语简单句的五种基本句型 简单句的五种基本句型。 简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧～简单句的五种基本句型包括: a. 主语+连系动词+表语 (S+ Link-V+P) 此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看起来)，get(变)，become(变),turn(变)等。 )The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。 1 2) Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 3)My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。 4)The food seems to be nice. 这食物似乎不错 本句型的特点是"连系动词+表语"二者缺一不可。例如"The teacher angry"和"We in the classroom." She sixteen.都不成其为一个句子。汉语中形容词、介词短语、数词都可以用作谓语，但是英语中它们不能单独作谓语，它们前面必须加上一个系动词才能构成谓语。 b.主语+不及物动词 (S+V) 在此句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词，其后没有宾语。因为此句型中的动词表达的意思已经很明确，所以不需要跟宾语。有时为了表示动作发生的频率、程度、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词。如: 1)My head aches. 我头疼。 2)The students are listening( 学生们正在听。 3) We study hard. 我们努力学习。 4) The red sun rises in the east. 一轮红日从东方升起。
五种基本句型和简单句详细讲解
五种基本句型和简单句详细讲解 英语的句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。有肯定句和否定句之分。 2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种： a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）： Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live?你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？ c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）： Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）： He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？ 3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如： Sit down, please.请坐。Don't be nervous!别紧张！ 4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如： What good news it is!多好的消息啊！ A. 简单句的五种基本句型。 简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧！简单句的五种基本句型包括： a. 主语+连系动词+表语(S+ Link-V+P) 此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, look(看起来)，get(变)，become(变),turn(变)等。 1）The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。 2） Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。 3）My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本句型 简单句是英语中的基本句子，了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是： 1.主语+不及物动词（主谓结构） 本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成，常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法： （1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。 如：They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。 （2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有：read, sell, wash, write, clean 等。 如：The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。 This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。 2.主语+系动词+表语（主系表结构） 本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成，主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词：be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。 （1）主语+系动词+形容词(作表语) 如：That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。 It feels good to be home. 在家的感觉真好。 （2）主语+系动词+名词(作表语) 如：Later he became a scientist. 他后来成为一个科学家。 He is a student. 他是个学生。 （3）主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语) 如：He is near. 他在附近。 This is of importance. 这很重要。 You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾结构） 此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。 （1）主语+及物动词＋名词或代词(作宾语) 如：He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗? （2）主语+及物动词＋动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有：advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。 如：I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。 You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。 （3）主语+及物动词＋不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有：afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。 如：I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。 The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。
英语简单句五种基本句型详解
基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀
句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建议）.
9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11. Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed（注意到）a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet. 简单句的五种基本句型 基本句型一：S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________
简单句的五种基本句型用法及辨析
简单句的五种基本句型用法及辨析 一、主语+不及物动词（S+V） 主语+谓语（不及物动词） ●Mr. Black came. 布莱克先生来了。 主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语 ●I watched carefully. 我仔细地观察。 二、主语+及物动词+宾语（S+V+O） 此句型中的谓语是及物动词，其后常跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语。 ●She likes music. 她喜欢音乐。 ●I’ve finished reading the text. 我已读完了课文。 ●He decided to buy a car. 他决定买车。 【注意】：不及物动词与介词连用时，其后也可以跟宾语。 ●Ann is waiting for me. 安在等我。 ●They’re listening to the radio. 他们在听收音机。 三、主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 此句型中的连系动词后常跟形容词、名词、代词等作表语、初中阶段常见的连系动词有be, feel, look, sound, smell, taste, seem, get（变得），turn（变得），go（变得），grow（变得），appear（似乎）等。 ●She is a math teacher. 她是一位数学老师。 ●You look better today. 你今天看上去好一些了。 ●The glass turns green in spring. 草在春季变绿。 ●The meat went bad. 那肉变质了。 【注意】：有些连系动词同时也是及物动词，可构成S+V+O句式。 ●They are feeling the elephants. 他们在摸大象。 ●The farmers here grow rice. 这儿的农民种水稻。 ●The children are tasting cakes. 孩子们在品尝蛋糕。 四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO） 此句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语，间接宾语和直接宾语可以称为双宾语。一般间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时也可以把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。 1. 间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing, find等。 ●Mum bought a book for me. 妈妈为我买了一本书。 = Mum bought me a book. ●I chose a new one for her. 我为她选了一个新的。 = I chose her a new one. 2. 间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有：give, pass, show, lend, teach, take, return等。 ●She passed the ticket to me. 她把票递给了我。 = She passed me the ticket. ●I returned the book to the library. 我把书还给了图书馆。 = I returned the library the book. 3. 以下两种情况下间接宾语通常后置： ①直接宾语是人称代词it或them。
简单句的五种基本句型
简单句的五种基本类型 一、一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成The man is a teacher. 主语部分谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分谓语部分 ●连系动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得 ●主要动词 行为动词不及物动词laugh / smlie / look / listen 及物动词see / hear / drank / eat 助动词be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had 辅助动词will / shall / be going to 情态动词can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better ●表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的才是表语! eg.He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice.
【练习】简单句的五种基本句型练习题及答案
简单句的五种基本句型练习题 一．用公式标出下面简单句的类型。 1. Anna speaks Russian. _____________ 2. Daddy bought Tom a new dictionary. __________ 3. Kate calls her cat Mimi. ___________ 4. Polly laughed. ____________ 5. Lily felt cold. ________________ 6. The picture looks beautiful. ________________ 7. Jim brought me my English books. _____________ 8. It is dangerous. _______________ 9. You must wait. ______________ 10. Mr Green can't keep the house tidy. ______________ 二. 选择正确答案 11．Look ! There _____ some apples in that tree. A is B was C are D were 12. The ground must be just right ___ too wet ___ too dry. A. either; or B. both; and C. between; and D. neither; nor 13. He ____ coffee at all. He ___ tea. A. doesn't like, prefers B. likes, doesn't prefer C. would like, not prefers D. prefers, is not food of 14. We ___ happy about the price of meat. A. don't B. are not C. won't D. weren't being
(完整版)简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的，英语可能要放在后面；而汉语放后面的，英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话，如果用词不同，句中的次序也会有变化。比如，“我每天骑自行车上学”，可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下，我们会看得更清楚： 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外，其它都发生了变化，并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同，在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀
句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 简单句的五种基本句型 英语是一种结构型的语言，以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。为了帮助你掌握英语的句型，本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。
4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（+ 状语） 5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语（+ 状语） 巩固练习 一．指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。 ①I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. ②In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowdness and noise. ③In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. ④There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. ⑤I can hear birds singing in the green trees. ⑥I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake. ⑦All this will be interesting and good for my health. ⑧So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _______________ 2. ( S + V +O ) _________________ 3. ( S + V + C ) ____________________ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _______________ 5. ( S + V + O + C ) __________________ 6. There be 句型______________ 二．翻译题 1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。 ________________________________________________________ 2. 那天晚上我们谈了很多。 ________________________________________________________