2019届高考英语二轮复习动词的时态和语态考点讲解(9页,word版)
2019届二轮复习动词的时态和语态考点讲解
【考点提纲】
一、考查具体语境下时态的呼应
对动词时态和语态的考查是高考题中的重点，考查的角度越来越趋向语境化、实用化，即以基础知识为主，把时态和语境结合起来，注重在实际运用的语境中考查知识点。解答此类题目时决不能脱离实际运用的语境而一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框，在解答过程中应该捕捉信息，理解情景，综合分析，灵活答题。
二、考查常见的八大时态:
①八大时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在完成时和过去完成时。另外，现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时和将来完成时也比较常用。
②时态的考查主要以一般时、进行时和完成时为主，试题将继续呈现“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，即在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在语境中考查时态和语态。
③要求掌握时态的意义、各种时态的动词形式、与各种时态连用的时间状语以及一些时态的特殊意义。
三、考查主动语态和被动语态的使用以及改为被动语态时的一些特殊情形。
四、考查的时态呼应
考点一、动词的时态呼应：
在复合句，从句（主要是宾语从句）中的时态，常受主句谓语动词的影响，这就叫做时态的呼应，时态的呼应一般有如下的情况。
1、如果主句的谓语动词为现在时态，其从句中的谓语动词应该用什么时态就用什么时态，如：She knows you have been in Beijing for five rears.
2、如果主句中的谓语动词为过去时态，从句中的谓语动词就要用过去时态，但要注意到下列情况：
（1）如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作与主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句中须用一般过去时或过去进行时，如：She said she was busy then./She said she was reading at that time.
(2)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句中须用过去完成时，如：I didn’t know that she had been to London twice.
(3)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之后，从句须用过去将来时，如：They didn’t know when they would have a rest.
(4)如果从句中说明的是一种普遍真理现象，虽然主句的谓语动词为过去时态从句中仍要用一般现在时，如：When I was a little child, my father told me that the earth is round.
(5)如果从句中有表示具体过去时间的状语，虽然其谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句仍用一般过去时，但如果该状语表示的时间不具体，则从句仍要用过去完成时，如：Tome said he was born in 1975.
考点二、动词的进行时态
一、现在进行时
1．表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时的一个动作；表近期特定的安排或计划；go，come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。
He is teaching English and learning Chinese.他正教英语和学习汉语。
The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always，often等频度副词连用，表示某种感情色彩)
这个小女孩总是在公众场合下大声谈话。
2．下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。
(1)表示感官的动词：see，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look。
(2)表示心理状态、情感的动词：like，love，hate，care，believe，want，mind，wish。
(3)表示存在的状态的动词：appear，exist，lie，remain，seem，belong to，have，own。
(4)表示一时性动作的动词：allow，accept，permit，promise，admit，complete。
二、过去进行时
1．过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。常常与at that time，at this time yesterday 等时间状语连用。
I was reading an interesting book at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在读一本有趣的书。
2．某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。持续性动作用过去进行时，短暂性动作用一般过去时。
Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.当没人注意的时候，汤姆溜进屋来。
The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it.那位记者说，当他看到时，不明飞行物正在自东向西飞行。
三、将来进行时
将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow，from 1∶30 to 4∶
30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。
I will be having a gathering party with my friends at this time tomorrow.明天这时我将与朋友一起正在聚会。
I will be having a meeting from 2∶30 to 5∶30 tomorrow afternoon.明天下午2∶30到5∶30我们将正在开会。
考点三、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。如：
—If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy，I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
“要是交通不那么拥挤的话，六点之前我本来能够回来的。”
—What a pity！Tina was here to see you.“太可惜了！Tina来这里看望你了。”
2．在过去某一具体时间的前提下发生了某件事情要用一般过去时表示。如：—Have you ever seen that movie?“你曾看过那部电影吗？”
—Yes.When I was in Tokyo，I saw it three times.“是的，当我在东京时，我看过三次。”
3．表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。
如：but，and，when，as soon as，immediately，the moment，the minute。如：
He bought a watch but lost it.他买了一块手表但丢了。
The moment she came in，she told me what had happened to her.她一进来，她就告诉我她发生了什么事情。
二、现在完成时
1．现在完成时除可以和for，since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)，in recent years等。
2．下列句型中常用现在完成时：
①It is (has been)＋一段时间＋since从句
This (That/It)is the first(second...) time that＋完成时
This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。
②在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我亲自看到，我才会相信你的话。(强调“看完”)
I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.
我干完了工作就和你一起去。(强调“干完”)
【专家提醒】一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：
(1)时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago，last year，just now，the other day等。
结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；
(2)一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。
考点四、一般过去时和过去完成时的区别
一、过去完成时表示发生在“过去的过去”的动作，常用于以下几种情况中：1．by，by the end of，by the time，until，before，since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，主句用过去完成时。
By the end of last year，another new cinema had been built in our city. 到去年年末，我们城市又建了一座新电影院。
I had learnt 5,000 words before I entered the university.
在我上大学前就学了5,000个单词。
2．表示“一……就……”的几个固定句型：Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had ＋主语＋过去分词＋when/than/before＋从句(一般过去时)。
Hardly(No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.
我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。
Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.
我们才刚刚动身，汽车的轮胎就漏气了。
3．intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等动词的过去完成时可用来表示一个本来打算做而实际上没有做的事。这种用法也可表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望，含有某种惋惜。
I had intended to call on you yesterday，but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
我昨天本来要去看你的，但是刚要出门就有人来访。
I had meant to help you，but I was too busy at the moment.
我本想去帮你的，但当时确实太忙了。
考点五、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1．如果与段时间连用，两个时态可相互替用，只不过现在完成进行时具有强烈的感情色彩。如：
I have been learning English for ten years.＝I have learned English for ten years.
我学英语有十年了。
2．现在完成时可与表示“次数”的状语，already，yet，ever连用，而现在完成进行时则不能。如：
①I have been to Hainan three times.我去过海南三次。
②Have you ever met such a strange thing?你遇到过这样奇怪的事情吗？3．现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。如：
①I have been writing an article.我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在)
②I have written an article.我已写好了一篇文章。(已完成)
4．现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作，强调动作在不久前持续进行，带有感情色彩。现在完成时表示已经结束的动作，强调动作的结果。如：
①Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere.
你到哪里去了？我们在到处找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作)
②We have looked for him, but haven’t found him.
我们找过他，但没有找到他。(表示动作已结束，强调动作的结果)
5．现在完成进行时可以表示现在以前的这段时间内反复发生的事情。如：
①All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。
②We have been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们常常见面。
考点六、主动语态和被动语态
一、主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型：
（1）如果主动语态动词后又有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，一般是将间接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将直接宾语保留在原处。如将直接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将间接宾语保留在原处时，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或 for，如：Grandma told me an interesting story last night.→Ｉwas told an interesting story last night./ An interesting story was told to me last night.
（2）主动语态中的宾语加带有宾语补足语时，改为被动语态时，就将宾语改为主语，将宾补保留在原处，而成为被动语态句中主语的补足语了。宾补可以有下列几种情况：①宾补为动词不定式，如：They asked her to sing a song. →She was asked to sing a song. 在动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等之后，不定式的to在主动语态里可要省略，而被动语态里不能省，如：Tom was seen to come out of the lab.②宾补为分词，如：They heard them singing at the time.→They were heard singing at that time.③宾补为形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，如：She kept me busy all the morning. →I was kept busy all the morning.
（3）含有情态动词的动词改为被动语态时是将情态动词后面的动词原形改为被动语态，因其前有情态动词，所以构成被动语态的助动词be就要使用原形，如：They must finish the work before Friday. →The work must be finished before Friday.
（4）be going to, be to, used to, have to和had better等结构，其作用相当于情态动词或助动词，在改为被动语态时，只需将后面的动词原形改为被动语态即可，如：The are not going to put off the football match. →The football match is not going to be put off.
二、被动语态的特殊情形：
1．get＋过去分词表被动
They got married last week.他们上周结婚了。
He fell and got hurt.他摔倒受伤了。
2．主动形式表被动意义
(1)系动词look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn
等＋形容词/名词。
Ice feels cold.冰摸上去凉。
His plan proved (to be) practical.他的计划被证明符合实际。
(2)表示主语的某种属性的词：read，write，act，cut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，look，shut等。
The books sell well.这些书畅销。
The door won’t lock.门锁不上。
This coat dries easily.这种外衣容易干。
The plan worked out wonderfully.这计划进行得很顺利。
The engine won’t start.引擎发动不起来。
The pen writes smoothly.这只钢笔写起来流利。
【专家提醒】
1．短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。
①The children were taken good care of (by her)．孩子们得到很好的照料。
②Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.你的发音和拼写应当得到注意。
【方法技巧】
一、动词的时态和语态备考建议
1．清楚地了解英语中常用的八种常用时态的一些常用规则，留意在实际生活中如何使用各种时态的使用。准确掌握八大常见时态（一般现在时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在完成时和过去完成时）以及三大热点时态（现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时和将来完成）的有关知识。考生在复习过程中，要侧重对语境的分析，提高对语境的理解能力，且要重视正确分析语言材料中的时态交互信息和对有特殊用法的动词的灵活运用。
2．建立时态的时、体概念。
“时”即现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时；每个“时”又分四个“体”，即一般体、进行体、完成体、完成进行体)。。
3．解答时态和语态类问题时，要遵循如下思路：
(1)说的是什么时间的事情或情况，即定“时”。
(2)这个动作是什么状态，是完成了、还是未完成、还是既不表示完成又不表示进行，即定“体”。
(3)这个动作与主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动，即定“语态”。
4．做有关语态的题目可以分两步走：第一步确定正确的时态，第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系：如果是主谓关系则用主动语态，如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。
二、主从句时态呼应
近年来的高考试题一般不再单纯考查主从句的时态呼应，而是将其放在真实的语境中进行考查，也会结合强调结构等其他语法现象进行考查。解答此类试题时，要把握以下几点：
1．在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
2．正确认定主句动词和从句动词两个动词发生的时间，并认真体会命题人所给出的语境。
3．解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时，考生应熟知以下规则：如果主句动词为现在时态，则从句动词可根据具体情况使用任何时态；如果主句动词为过去时态，则从句动词须用合适的过去的某种时态(表示客观真理时用一般现在时)。
【考点例析】
1.--Look! Somebody the sofa.
--Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it. 【2012江西卷】A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．had cleaned 1. C 本题考查时态.。句意为：“看,有人已经打扫了沙发”。“是的,不是我,我没有做.”。强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响故用现在完成时，正确答案为C。
2. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now ____ later in life. 【2012湖南卷】
A. will be repaid
B. was being repaid
C. has been repaid
D. was repaid
2.A 本题考查动词时态。从don't可知语境为现在，排除B、D；而later in life 可知为将来的动作，故选A。
3. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______.We must act immediately before there’s left. 【2012重庆卷】
A. have run out
B. are running out
C. have been run out
D. are being run out
3. B 本题考查动词的时态。分析题干语境可知，食品供应即将耗尽。run out 为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动形式，由此可排除C和D两个选项。B选项为现在进行时态，可以表示将来，符合题意。因此，正确答案为B选项。
4.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong? 【2012重庆卷】
-Well, I____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.
A. will take
B. took
C. had taken
D. take
4. B 考查动词的时态。根据答语的后半句可知，现在Kevin正在等待测试的成绩，参加测试为一个过去的动作，应该使用一般过去时态。因此，正确答案为B 选项。
5.Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _____on Friday. 【2012辽宁卷】
A. get paid
B. got paid
C. have paid
D. had been paid
5. A 考查动词时态和语态。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且I与pay 之间是动宾关系，所以选A。
6.—Did you catch what I said?
—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now. 【2012四川卷】
A. had answering
B. have answered
C. would answer
D. was answering
6.D 本题考查动词时态。句意为：“你听懂我所说的了吗？”“对不起。我刚刚在回短信。”根据句意及时间状语just now可知，回短信的动作正好是发生在问话人说话的那一时间点，即表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作，故正确答案D。
7. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.【2012四川卷】
A. is being rebuilt
B. has been rebuilt
C. is rebuilt
D. has rebuilt
7.A 本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。
8. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. 【2012全国II】
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
8. C 考查动词的时态。句意：经理从早上9点开始就一直在不停的告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。根据句意选C。
9. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step ”【2012全国新课程】
A. has shown
B. is showing
C. shows
D. showed
9. C 本题考查动词的时态。句意：奶奶过去常常说：“生活就像在雪中行走，因为每一步都看得见。”
此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话，这里是直接引语，句子的内容是生活哲理。所以用一般现在时。
10. — Alvin, are you coming with us? 【2012浙江卷】
— I'd love to, but something unexpected .
A. has come up
B. was coming up
C. had come up
D. would come up
10.A 考查动词时态。句意：---艾琳，你要和我们一起去吗？---我想去，但是发生了点意外。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情到现在为止，且对现在造成了一定的影响，符合语境，故答案选Ａ。
【专题训练】
1. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ________ on the phone all the time!
A. was talking
B. has been talking
C. has talked
D. talked
2. ----Where did you put the broom, Tom?
-----I _______it behind the door．But now it is gone．
A．do put B．do putting C．did to put D．did put[
3. Once harm ______ to the environment, it takes years to have the system
recovered.
A. does
B. is done
C. will be done
D. be done
4. I fixed my eyes upon the newcomer, wondering whether I ________ him somewhere before．
A．saw B．has seen C．had seen D．would see
5.My toothache is killing me．I _____ it _____ away．But now it’s getting worse and worse.
A．think; is going B．thought; was going C．have thought; is going D．had thought; had gone
6. My friend, Tom, left New York in 1976 and since then he_______.
A．hadn’t been heard of B．hasn’t been heard o f C．hasn’t heard of D．hadn’t heard of
7.–You speak very good Chinese.
--Thanks. I _______ it for 4 years before I came to China.
A. studied
B. study
C. was studying
D. had studied
8. Travelers______ that they should bring their ID cards with them.
A. have reminded
B. are reminded
C. were reminding
D. had been reminded
9. “Look! Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that________for？”
A. is being building
B. has been built
C. is built
D. is being built
10. A red sky in the morning ________to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says
B. is saying
C. has said
D. is said
【参考答案】
1-5 ADBCB 6-10 BDBDD
高考英语动词时态
高考中需要掌握的各种时态的分析： 一般现在时： 构成： 谓语动词：do/does 系动词：be~is/am/are 被动语态：am/is/are+done 何为现在？ 无论过去，现在，还是将来，只要跟现在搭上边，统统都是现在。所以一般过去时和他就没有任何的关系。 一般现在：等于常态 主语现在所具备的个性，能力或特征。 经常性或习惯性的动作。 普遍真理?客观事实?格言警句。 按照规定，时间表或安排要发生的动作。（时刻表） 主语现在所具备的个性，能力或特征 This machine does not work. It has not worked for years. 这台机器不工作了。它已经不工作好几年了。 经常性或习惯性的动作 I do all the cooking for my family. 我们家所有的烹饪都是我来做。 普遍真理?客观事实?格言警句 Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证明地球是圆的。 按照规定，时间表或安排要发生的动作 Look at the Timetable.Hurry up！Flight 4026 takes off at 18：20. 你看看时刻表。抓紧点，4026号航班6:20就起飞了。 一般过去等于讲故事 奥义：一般～只需知道动作存在或发生。
何为过去？ 只能发生或存在于过去，不能跟现在产生任何关系。如果跟现在产生联系的话，那么它的概念就应该是现在时而不是过去。 构成： 谓语动词：did 被动语态：was/were+done George said that he would come to school to see me the next day，but he didn't. 乔治说他第二天会到学校来看我，但是他没来。 现在完成：用过去的事说现在。 构成： 谓语动词～Have done/Has done 系动词～ Have been /Has been 被动语态～Have been done/Has been done 我们用以下两种方式来说明： 第一：如果一个动作到现在为止，他已经结束了，那么这个动作一定是发生在过去。 第二：如果这个动作在过去发生的某一段时间之内，就结束了，他的动作没有延续到现在，但是它的影响是持续到现在的，于是与现在产生了关联，那就是说这是过去的动作对现在造成了影响。 从以上的描述我们可以总结出关于完成时态的两个要点： 过去的动作对现在造成了影响 过去的动作持续到现在 过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 例如：Look！Somebody has cleaned the sofa. Well,it wasn't me,I didn't do it. 看，有人把沙发清洗了。 嗯，不是我弄的，我没做这件事。 过去的动作或状态持续到现在 I remember you were a talented pianist in college.Can you play the piano for me? Sorry，I haven't played the piano for years. 我记得你上大学的时候特别有钢琴天赋。你能为我演奏钢琴吗？
高考英语动词时态和语态讲解与专项练习题
动词时态语态 汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中常考的或较常用的有10种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时；主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时刻表）等。 He usua lly goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
高中英语时态和语态专项练习题
高中英语动词时态和语态专项练习题 1 （200 2 全国高考题）—You haven ' t said a word about my new c，oaBt renda.Do you like it? —I ' m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it s pretty on A. wasn ' t saying B.don ' t say C.won' t say D.didn ' t say 2. ______________________________________ （2002全国高考题）I wonder why Jenny us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A. hasn ' t written B.doesn 't write C.won' t write D.hadn ' t written 3. （2003北京春季高考题）—When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ______ the training course. A. will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4. ____________________________________ （2003北京春季高考题）—How long at this job? —Since 1990. A. were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5. __________________________________________________________________ （2003上海春 季高考题）By the end of last year，another new gymnasium _________________ in Beijing. A. ________________________________ would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed 6. ________________________________ （2002北京高考题）The little girl _ her heart out because she _______________________ her toy bear and believed she wasn ' t ever going to find it. A. had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost 7. （2002北京高考题）—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it? —I _______ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder 8. ______ （2002上海高考题）He will have learned English for eight years by the time he from the university next year. A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate 9. ____________________________________________ （2002上海高考题）I feel it is your husband who __________________________________ for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame 10. _____________________________________________________________ He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still __________________________ . A.has been B.does C.has D.is
高考英语动词时态和语态练习题
2007高考动词时态和语态 1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. [2007 全国卷I] A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago. [2007 全国卷 I] A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been 3. —Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. —Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ____ of my friends back home. [2007 全国卷II] A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 4. —Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? —I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. [2007 全国卷II] A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’ｔ 5. —Did you tidy your room? [2007 上海卷] —No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors. A. had B. have C. have had D. will have 6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years. [2007 上海卷] A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered never have been able to afford to go. 7. They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d [2007 山东卷] A．had got B．got C．have got D．get 8. —Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He ______, because he doesn't know much about computers. [2007 安徽卷] A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it 9. They became friends again that day. Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years. [2007 安徽卷] A. didn't speak B. hadn't spoken C. haven' t spoken D. haven' t been speaking 10. —How can I apply for an online course? —Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do four you. [2007 北京卷] A.see B.are seeing C. have seen D. will see 11. I got caught in the rain and my suit____.[2007 北京卷] A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 12. —It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. —Oh, don’t mention it. I _____past your house anyway. [2007 北京卷] A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come 13. —I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.[2007 福建卷] —Impossible. She TV with me in my home then. A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching 14. Danny hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. [2007 福建卷]
(完整word版)高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
高考英语动词时态和语态练习题
动词时态和语态练习题 1. We _____ with you for the time being. A. will stay B. will be staying C. would stay D. have stayed 2. —Who sings best in your class? —Mary _____. A. is B. does C. do D. sing 3. She _____ her pen in her room now. A. finds B. is finding C. looks for D. is looking for 4. What _____ you _____ tomorrow morning? A. are/going to do B. are/doing C. are/done D. have/done 5. It was not long before the water _____ cold. A. is feeling B. feels C. felt D. was feeling 6. I _____ as soon as you come back. A. went B. have gone C. am going D. shall go 7. The scientist _____ Canada and he will give us a talk when he _____ back. A. has gone to/comes B. has been to/will come C. has gone to/will come D. has been to/comes 8. He found his book this morning, but now he _____ his pen. A. loses B. is missing C. has lost D. lost 9. She ___?_ to her hometown several times. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. is going 10. It _____ Jane and Mary who helped me the other day. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. I _____ to bed when the telephone rang. A. have been B. went C. am going D. was going 12. Jane _____ some washing this time yesterday. A. is doing B. had done C. was doing D. did 13. When I got to the school, the first class _____. A. had begun B. began C. is beginning D. has begun 14. Mother promised she _____ me an English-Chinese dictionary.
高中英语动词的时态和语态讲解
动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 （短语） always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1） 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2） 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出 发，到达”等含义 的词， 女口， arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件：if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四：在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现
高考英语动词的时态和语态讲解
时态语态 （一）时态 一般现在时表示:1.现在的经常性、习惯性动作 eg: I read English every morning. 2.客观真理、普遍公立、科学事实eg: The sun rises in the east. 3.现有的兴趣、爱好或能力eg: He likes playing football. 4.现存的性质、特征或状态eg: The situation is encouraging. 5.介绍故事剧情、新闻标题eg: Workers face tough times abroad. 6.按时刻表或按规定计划、安排将要放生的动作（常见动词如：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, takeoff, return, stop, open, close等）eg: The train leaves at 4:30 . 注意：here, there, now, then 等开头的倒装句要用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如： Look! Here comes the bus. 一般过去时表示:1.过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态eg: He often cried when he was a boy. 2.过去某时的状态或动作 eg: I went to the bank just now. 3.用于 I didn’t know…或 I forgot…，表示实现不知道或不记得，但现在已经知道或记得的事情。eg: I didn’t know you were here. Sorry, I forgot to bring my book. 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作，也可以用“used to do…”和“ would do” 一般将来时表示：1.现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态eg: Tom will come next week. 2.事物的固有属性或必然趋势eg: Oil will float in water. Fish will die without water. 3.对将来某个动作的安排、计划eg: He is going to speak on TV this evening. 注意：将来时常见表达形式：will/ shall do; be going to do; be to do; be about to do （此形式不能与时间状语连用） 现在进行时表示：1.此时此刻正在发生的动作eg: I’m studying English now. 2.现阶段正在发生的动作eg: We are building our socialism. 3.情况的暂时性eg: I don’t really work here. I am just helping until the secretary arrives. 4.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示参上或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行eg: He is always helping others. She is always forgetting something. 5.按计划、安排近期发生的动作（只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等动词）eg: A foreigner is coming to visit our school. I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 注意：不宜用进行时的动作：感觉类： look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear 情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear 心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, thin, understand, agree, know, remember, forget 所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to 过去进行时表示：1.过去某一时刻或阶段发生的动作eg: He was watching TV this time yesterday. 2.与 always, forever, constantly, continually 连用，表示赞赏或亚无等感情色彩eg: Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself. 3.过去计划、安排好的将来动作（只限于 come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay 等动词）eg: He said he was leaving the next day. I was told the train was starting soon. 注意：过去进行时可用来描绘故事发生的背景，如：The wind was blowing and it was raining hard. 过去将来时表示：1.过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图、打算（主要用于宾语从句中）eg: She was sure she would succeed. I thought you would come. 注意：把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式 现在完成时表示：1.现在已完成或刚刚完成且对现在有影响的动作eg: I have finished my homework. 2.表示始于过去持续至今的动作或状态eg: He’s lived here since 2005. I’ve taught English for 15 years. 3.到目前为止的一段时间内，多少次或第几次做某事eg: He’s been to Beijing several times. It’s the third time that I’ve seen the film. 4.将来某时将要做完的动作（仅限于时间和条件状语从句）eg: Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 5.发生在过去的，但已成为现在的经历或经验eg: We’ve all played with snow and ice.注意：没有包括“现在”在内或不是截止到“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用。短暂性动词的肯定式不能与时间段连用。“in the pass/ last+时间段”要与现在完成时连用。 have gone to 表示人在去所指地方的路上或已在所指地方；have been to表示人曾到过所指的地方，但现在不在所指地方。 过去完成时表示：1.过去某时间前已发生的动作或情况eg: Marx had learned some English before he came to London. 2.过去某动作前已发生的另一动作eg: The train had left when I got to the station. 3.始于过去持续至过去灵异事件，也许仍将延续下来的动作eg: He said he had been in the Party for 10 years. 4.过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望（只限于 think, want, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose, wish, want等动词）eg: I had planned to see you yesterday, but the rain prevented me. 注意：过去完成时必须以过去某一时间为基点，即“过去的过去”。因此只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它。 Before，after 本身“前”“后”明显，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如“He (had) left before I arrived” （二）被动语态 1.被动语态的构成 英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态是无标记的，而被动语态则是有标记的。被动语态由助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。助动词be随着主动的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式见下表：
历年高考英语真题汇编_时态语态2.
课题 :动词的时态语态 2011年高考真题 1. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense— so many things will have changed by next year. (全国 I. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. (全国卷 I A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. (全国卷 I A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 4. Experiments of this kind _____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 5. Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months. (北京卷 A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 6. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________?(北京卷 A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 7. ----That must have been a long trip. ---Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 8. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. (上海卷 A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 9. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? (上海卷
近五年高考英语动词时态和语态
动词时态和语态 河北定兴中学张春青 简介：本资料共分两部分，第一部分是2007年高考题目，第二部分是2003—2006年题目 共164题。附答案 一、2007高考题目 1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. [2007 全国卷I] A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago. [2007 全国卷 I] A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been 3. —Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. —Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ____ of my friends back home. [2007 全国卷II] A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 4. —Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? —I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. [2007 全国卷II] A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’ｔ 5. —Did you tidy your room? [2007 上海卷] —No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors. A. had B. have C. have had D. will have 6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years. [2007 上海卷] A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered 7. They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go. [2007 山东卷] A．had got B．got C．have got D．get 8. —Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He ________, because he doesn't know much about computers. [2007 安徽卷] A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it 9. They became friends again that day. Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years. [2007 安徽卷] A. didn't speak B. hadn't spoken C. haven' t spoken D. haven' t been speaking 10. —How can I apply for an online course? —Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you. [2007 北京卷] A.see B.are seeing C. have seen D. will see 11. I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [2007 北京卷] A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 12. —It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. —Oh, don’t mention it. I _____past your house anyway. [2007 北京卷] A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come 13. —I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.[2007 福建卷] —Impossible. She ______TV with me in my home then.