年中考英语语法知识点难点总结

年中考英语语法知识点难点总结
年中考英语语法知识点难点总结

2016年中考英语语法知识难点大全

英语语法知识难点(一)

(一)形容词和副词?I. 要点?A. 形容词

1、形容词的用法?形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:

He is honest and hardworking.I foundthe bookinteresting.?某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:

The rich andthe poor livein different parts of the city.

TheEnglish liketo be with theirfamilies.?多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:

冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如:

the secondfiveinteresting big newred Chinese wall papers.

2、形容词比较等级的形式

(1)规则形式

一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er;--est来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more,most.如:?great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important

(2) 不规则形式

good(well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many(much)-more-most little-less-least

(3)形容词比较等级的用法

①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:

He is clevererthanthe other boys. Thisoneismore beautiful than thatone.?

②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:?Heis the cleverest boy in his cla

ss.

③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:

He isastall asI.Ihaveasmanybooks as you.?④越… 越… ?例如:The moreI learn, thehappier I am.

?⑤You cannever betoo careful. 越小心越好?又如:You can never praise the teacher too h ighly.

你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。?⑥I have never spent a more worrying day.

那一天是最令我担心的一天。?I have never had a better dinner.

这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。

⑦My English is no better than yours.

我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。?? B.副词

1、副词的种类

(1)时间副词如:ago, before, already,just, now,early, late, finally, tomorrow等

(2) 地点副词如:here, there, near,around,in, out,up, down,back, away, outside等。?(3)方式副词如:carefully,angrily,badly,calmly, loudly,quickly, politely, nervously等。?(4)程度副词如:almost,nearly, much,greatly,a bit, alittle,hardly, so, very等。?

2、副词比较等级的用法?其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如:

Ofall theboyshe sings(the) mostbeautifully.

Wemust work harder.

?3、某些副词在用法上的区别

(1)already,yet,still?already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。如:?We've alreadywatchedthat film.

I haven't finishedmyhomework yet.

He still works until late every night.

(2)too, aswell, also,either

too, as well和also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如:?He went there too.

He didn't go there either.?I likeyou as well.?I also went there.??(3) hard, hardly?hard ly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如:?Iworkhard everyday.

Icanhardly remember that.

(4)late,lately?lately意为"最近、近来",late意为"晚、迟"。如:?He never comes late.?Haveyou been tothemuseum lately?

II. 例题

例1 Tom's father thinks he is already____? A high enough B tall enough? C enoug hhighCenough tall

解析:该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall,而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。

?例2 ____ the worseI seemtobe.

AWhenI takemore medicine? B The more medicine I take

C Taking more ofthe medicine

D More medicine taken?解析:该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the+形容词比较级+…"

意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。??例3"I haven't been to Londonyet"."I haven'tbeenthere ____".

A too

B also Ceither D neither

解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不",而C-either则用于否定句中,意为"也"。

?例4 MrSmith was____movedatthe news.?Adeep B deeplyCverydeep D quite deeply?解析:该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时,修饰具体的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词,如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词,不能互相修饰。

(二) 介词

I.要点?1、介词和种类?(1)简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about,across, before, beside,for,to, without等。?(2)复合介词,如by meansof,along with, because of,in frontof, instead of等。

2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1) 和动词的搭配,如agree with, ask for,belong to, break away from,care about等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配,如afraid of, angry with,different from,goodat?(3) 和名词的搭配,如answer to, key to,reason for, cause of, visitto等.

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语,这种修饰语通常有right,just, badly,all,well,directly, complet ely等少数几个副词。如:

He came right after dinner.?He livesdirectly opposite theschool.??4、某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1)at,on,in(表时间)?表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等;表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time,at Christmas等。?指某天用on,如onMonday, on the endof Nov ember,指某天的朝夕用on,如onFriday morning, on the afternoon ofSeptember lst等。

指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in theafternoon, inFebruary, inSummer, in1999等。?

(2)between,among(表位置)?between仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between, 如

I'msitting between Tom and Alice.

Thevillageliesbetween threehills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如:

Heis thebest among the students.??(3)beside,besides

beside意为"在…旁边",而besides意为"除…之外"。如:He satbeside me.Whatdo you wantbesides this?

?(4)in thetree,on the tree?inthe tree指动物或人在树上,而on thetree 指果实、树叶长在树上

?(5)onthe way,in the way, by the way, in thisway

ontheway 指在路上in the way 指挡道bytheway 指顺便问一句in this way 用这样的方法

(6)in the corner, atthecorner

in thecorner指在拐角内at the corner指在拐角外

?(7)in the morning,on the morning?inthe morning 是一般说法on the morning特指某一天的早晨??(8)by bus, on the bus?bybus是一般说法on the bus特指乘某一辆.

II.例题

例1Do you know anyother foreign language____ English?

A except

B but

C beside

D besides?解析:A、B两项except等于but,意为"除了…",C-beside意为"在…旁边",不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为"除了…之外,还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为:除了英语外,你还知道别的语言吗??

例2 He suddenlyreturned____ a rainy night.

A on

B at

C in

D during

解析:我们均知道,atnight这一短语,但如果night前有修饰词,表具体的夜晚,则要用介词on来修饰,故该题正确答案为A。?

例3 I'm lookingforward ____your letter.? A to B in C at D on?解析:该题正确答案为A。look forward to为固定搭配,意为"期望、盼望"。

?(三)连词

I. 要点

1、连词的种类

(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句,如and,for,or, both…and,either…or, neither…n or等。

(2)从属连词用来引导从句,如that,if,whether, when,after, as soon as等。?除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外,还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句),关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。?

2、常用连词举例?(1)and和,并且They drank and sang allnight.?(2) both…and和,既…

也… Both my parents andI went there.?(3)but 但是,而I'm sad,but he is happy.(4) either…or 或…或…,要么…要么…Either you're wrong, orIam.?(5) for因为I asked him to stay, for I had something totellhim.

(6) however然而,可是Affirst, he didn't want to go there. Later,however,hedecided to go.

(7)neither…nor 既不…也不Neithermy parents nor my aunt agrees with you.?(8) notonly…but(also) 不但…而且…He notonly sings well, butalso dances well.

(9) or 或者,否则Hurry up,or you'll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10) so 因此,所以It's getting late,so Imust go.?(11) although 虽然Althoughit was late,they went on working.

(12)as soon as一…就I'll tell himas soon as I seehim.?(13) because 因为He didn't gotoschool,because he was ill.

(14)unless除非,如果不I won't go unless it isfine tomorrow.

(15)until直到… Hedidn't leaveuntil eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)He stayed thereuntil eleven.

(16)while当…时候,而(表示对比)

While Istayed there,Imet a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

My pen isredwhile hisisblue.?(17)for因为He was ill, for he didn'tcome.(结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从… I have lived here sincemy uncle left.?(19)hardly… when 一…就I had har dlygot tothe station when the train left.?(20)as faras 就… 来说As far as I know, that c ountry isvery small.Youmay walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

II.例题?例1 John playsfootball ____,ifnotbetterthan, David.?A as well B as wellas C so well Dsowell as

解析:该题意为:John踢足球如果不比David好的话,那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为aswell as.故该题正确答案为B。

?例2She thought Iwastalking abouther daughter,____,in fact,I was talking about my daughter.? A when B where CwhichDwhile

解析:该处意为"然而",只有while有此意思,故选D。

例3 Would you like a cupof coffee ____shallwegetdownto businessright away?? A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise

解析:该处意为"或者",正确答案为C。

英语语法知识难点(二)

(四)动词时态、语态

I.要点

1、一般现在时?(1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态,常与sometimes,always, often,eve ry day等时间状语连用。如:

Sometimes, wegoswimming afterschool.

(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如:?The earth goes roundthe sun.

2、现在进行时

(1)表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,常与now,at present等时间状语连用。如:?What are you d

oingnow? ?(2) 和always,continually等连用,表一种经常反复的动作,常含有某种情感。如:

3、现在完成时

He is always doing good deeds.?

主要表示动作发生在过去,对现在仍有影响,或动作一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去,常与just, already, sofar, once,never 等词连用。如:

Have you ever been toBeijing?

4、一般将来时

表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如:? I'll meet you at theschoolgate tomorrow morning.?We're going to see afilmnext Monday.?5、一般过去时

表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态,常与yesterday,last year,in 1998, a momen tago等词连用。如:It happened manyyears ago. ?6、过去进行时?表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如:What were youdoingthis time yesterday?

7、过去完成时?表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如:?The train had alrea

8、一般过去将来时

dy left before wearrived.?

表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如:Hesaid he would come,but he didn't.

9、被动语态

被动语态的时态,以give为例。

II.例题

例1I learned that herfather____in 1950.

A haddied

B died

C dead

D is dead

?解析:该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前,但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in1950,所以不用过去完成时态,而用一般过去时态。

例2The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.? A is lookedBhaslooked for

C is beinglookedfor

D hasbeenlooked

解析:该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中,介词不能省,否则就变成了不及物动词短语,而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

(五)动词虚拟语气

I.要点

表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。

1、

注:如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had,should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如:

Had you (Ifyou had)invitedus, we would have come to your party.?

2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用

(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是"should(可省) +动词原形",常用于以下三种句型中。

?句型一:It is necessary (important,natural, strange, etc) that…?句型二:Itis a pity (a s hame,no wonder,etc) that…

句型三:Itis suggested (requested,proposed,desired,etc)that…?

如: It is strange that he (should) have done that.

It isapity thathe (should) besocareless.?It is requestedthatwe(should)

be so careless.

?(2) 在宾语从句中用于suggest,propose,move,insist, desire, demand,request,order, command 等动词后的宾语从句中,表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:Isuggest that we (should) goswimming.

(3)在表语从句中,表示间接的命令,要求、请求、建议、决定等,主句中的主语通常是suggestion,proposal,request,orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:His suggestionis that we (should)leaveat once. ?

(4)在同位语从句中,谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如:We receivedorder that theworkbedoneat once.?

(5) 在It istimethat…句型中,其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或"should +动词原形",should不可省。如:

It's time (that)wewent (should go) to school.

II. 例题

?例1 We had hopedthat he ____ longer.? A stays B have stayed C stayed Dwouldstay

?解析:该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望",同样用法的动词还有think, expect等,后面的句子需用虚拟语气

?例2 "Mary wantsto seeyou today".?"I wouldrather she____tomorrow than today."

A comes

B came

C shouldcome

D will come

?解析:该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气,用动词过去时表示。??例3Had she bee nolder, she ____ itbetter.?Ahad doneB mighthave done?Cmightdo D would

do

解析:Hadshe been older = If she had beenold.故该题正确答案为B。

(六)短语动词

I.要点?英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体,其用法有的相当于及物动词,有的相当于不及物动词,有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种:

(1) 动词+介词

常见的有lookfor,lookafter, send for,care about, ask for, laugh at,hearof(from), add to,lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如:

Don't laughatothers.

I didn't care about it.?(2)动词+副词?常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand i n,point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,既可放在副词前边,又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前边。如:?You'll hand in yourhomework tomorrow.?Pleasedon'tforget to hand it in.

(3) 动词+副词+介词

常见的有look down upon, go on with,break away from, add up to, catch upwith等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如:?All his money addedup tonomorethan $100.?Afterash ortrest, he went on with hisresearch work.?(4)动词+名词+介词?常见的有take careof, make use of, pay attention to,makefunof 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如:

You should pay attention to your handwriting.?We should makefulluse of ourtime.(5)动词+形容词?常见的有leave open, setfree,cutopen等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,则宾语可放在形容词的前边,也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则必须放在形容词前边。如: ?The prisoners wereset free.

He cutit open.

(6)动词+名词

常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如:? Thisstory took place three y earsago.

I make friends with a lot ofpeople.

(7)辨析

give away(让给,暴露)和giveup(放弃,停止)?put away(放起,收起)和put out(扑灭)?turn up(出席,放大)和turn on (打开)? keep out(阻止)和keep off (不让靠近)? make up(编造,补上)和make out(辨认)

take off(脱,起飞)和take out(拿出)

II.例题

?例1 It iswise to havesome money____ forold age.

A put away

B keptup

C given away

D laid up

解析:该题正确答案为A。意为"存";keep up意为"继续";give away意为"分发";lay up"贮藏"。?

例2Here'smycard. Let's keep in____.

A touch

B relation Cconnection D friendship??解析:该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词,意为"保持联系"。??例3 ____!There's a traincoming.? A Look out B Look around

C Look forward DLook on??解析:该题选A. look out意为"小心"。

(七)动词不定式

I.要点

2、不定式的句法功能??(1)作主语?To hear from youis nice.? To be a goodteacher is not eas y.?不定式作主语时,为了保持句子的平衡,往往以it作形式主语,而不定式置于谓语动词后。如:

It'snice to hear from you.?It's not easyto be a goodteacher.?(2)作宾语?通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin,start, remember, agree, learn,pretend,refuse,manag e,help等词后。如:?I forgot to lock the door.?Please remember towrite to me.

(3) 作表语

My jobisto pick up letters.?He seemed to haveheardnothing.

(4)作定语

不定式作定语时,须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如: Ihave twoletters to write.Ihave alot of work to do.

(5)作宾补?通常用于want,wish,ask, order, tell, know, help,advise, allow,cause, force等词后。如:?Heordered her to leaveatonce.He was forced to obey hisorder.

(6) 作状语?Hegot up early tocatchthe first bus.?Heworked hardto catch up withthe other students.

(7) 作独立成分?To tellyouthetruth, I toldalie.

(8) "疑问词+不定式"结构。如:

I don't know how tochoose them.

I cannot decide where to go.?(9)不定式的否定式。如:?Idecided nottogo.?(10)不定式的完成式。如:

He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.?The boy is said to have been sent to th ehospital last week.

(11)too…to 结构。如:?Hewas too excited togoto sleep.

He was only too gladto go. (他太高兴了,乐意去)

(12)主动表被动。如:?Thebook iseasy to read.

Ihavea book to read.

II.例题??例1 Ihaven't got a chair____.

Ato sit B for to sit onC tositon Dfor sitting

解析:该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语,修饰名词chair.因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是"动宾关系",所以不定式必须是及物动词,故此处on不能省略。?

例2 Hewas made____.?Ago B goneCgoing D to go

解析:该题选D。make sb.do sth.如果是被动形式,不定式do前的to不能省略。

例3 A new factoryis____ very soon.

A to be built

B built?Ctobuild Dto building

解析:该题选A。isto be built意为"将要被建"。

(八)动名词

I.要点

动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。?

1、动名词的形式,以write为例。

否定式not+动名词?

2、动名词的用法??(1)作主语

Playing football is my favorite sport.? Travellingwith friendsat weekendis fun.?作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时,可用it作形式主语。如: Itis funtravelling withfriendsatweekend.?(2)作宾语? I enjoy playingPC game.Hegave up writing five years ago.?(3) 作表语? What he hated most was doing nothing.Seeingis believing.

动名词作表语时,句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。

(4)作定语?There'sadining roomin my school.All thepeoplewatching laughed.?(5)动名词的复合结构"物主代词(或名词的所有格)+动名词"。如:? Tom's going home late made her mothe rangry. Wouldyou mind myopening the window?

不过,动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时,必须用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。

①无生命名词?The girls were afraid ofthe door suddenlyclosing.?Fireburnsbetter by oxygen being at work.?②有生命名词,但表泛指。

Have you ever heard ofgirlssmoking?

③两个以上的有生命的名词并列。

Doyou still remember my parents and mecoming to see you that day?

3.后面常接动名词的动词和短语

mind, enjoy,finish, consider,practise,magine, ?keep, suggest, advise, allow,permit, be worth doing,beused todoing,be busy doing,?can't helpdoing,it is no good doing,it is nousedoing,

lookforwardto doing,stickto doing,pay attention todoing,?devoteto doing, lead

to doing

II.例题?

例1She says shedoesn't feel like ____ out with you.

A going

B togo

C for goingDwent

解析:该题正确答案为A。feel like = want, 此处like 为介词,后面要接名词或动名词作宾语

?例2 The gardenneeds ____.?A water BwateringC to water Dwatered?解析:该题正确答案为B。need = want = require. 如果物作主语,此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。??例3 Excuse me ____ you.?A interrupting B tointerrupt

Cinterrupted D to have interrupted?解析:该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语,此句中的me 为动名词的逻辑主语(常用于口语中)。

(九)分词

I.要点?分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式,过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行,表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成,表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成,表主动。

过去分词的句法功能:?

1、作定语

I like toread the novelwrittenbyLu Xun.

Thewoman sitting beside thebroken windowwas a friendof mine.

2、作表语?When I came into theroom, I foundthe windowwas broken.?I'm interested in this book.

3、作宾语补足语

I'm goingtohavemybikerepaired.

When I walked home,I sawthe thief caught by the police.?4、作状语

Seen from the topof the mountain,thecity looks small.?Theteacher came into theclassroom, followedbyhis students.

现在分词的句法功能。

1、作状语

Seeing fromthe top of the mountain,I foundthe city wasbeautiful.?Walking alongthe street,they suddenlysaw him.?2、作宾语?I hate being spoken ill of.

HeconsideredvisitingJapan during the winter vocation.

3、作表语?Seeing is believing.

Thebook isinteresting.

4、作宾语补足语?Inoticedhim crossingthe street.

Mother caught him smoking inthekitchen.

5、作定语?Do youknowthe man writing a letter??The workerrunning a machine ismy brother.

分词使用中的几个问题

1、现在分词的完成式?Having cleaned theroom, I went out.

2、现在分词的否定式?Not having received any letter,he felt alittle worried.

3、现在分词与过去分词的不同?现在分词表示主动、正在,过去分词表示被动、完成?I found themankilled there. I found themanstandingthere.

4、have结构? We havethe car repaired. We haverepaired the car.We have Tom repair the car.?We haveTom repairingthe car thewhole morning.?

5、分词作表语

We were excited at thenews. Thefootballgame is exciting.

6、独立主格结构?It being a fine day, we wentouttovisit the park.

II.例题?

例1、Time_______, I'll goon a picnic with you.?A.permit B. to permit C. permittedD. permitting?解析:该题答案为D。Timepermitting…是独立主格结构,意为"如果时间允许的话…"?

例2、_______if he had anybad habit,shereplied that hewas a heavy smoker.

A.Ask

B. To ask

C. Asked

D. Asking?解析:该题答案为C。主语she是被问。

英语语法知识难点(三)

(十)情态动词与助动词

I. 要点

助动词本身无意义,在句中帮助主要动词构成一定的时态,语态、语气,或是帮助构成否定句和疑问句,常用的助动词有be, do, have, shall(should),will(would).

情态动词表一定的词义,本身并不表示动作或状态,而仅仅表达说话人的态度,它在句中须和主要动词一起构成谓语,主要的情态动词有can(could),may (might),must, have to,oughtto, need, dare,shall,should, will,would.??1、can 能,可以,表说话人同意,许可还可表客观条件许可,如:Youcan go now.

提建议或请求时可用canI, can you表客气,如CanIbuy you a drink?

can和be able to表能力时的区别。? can表一般具有的能力,be able to表在特定条件下的能力,如:Although the driver wasbadlyhurt, hewasabletoexplainwhat had happened.?2、may (1)、可以,表说话人同意,许可或请求对方许可。Youmaygo.?(2)、(现在和将来)可能,也许,只用于肯定句和否定句中,如He maynot be right.?3、must,have to?must表主观上的必须,have to表客观上的必须,如:It'sgetting late. Ihavetogo. -MustIgo now.-Yes, youmust.?(No,youneedn't./

4、need, dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性,如用作实意动词后接动词不No, youdon't have to.)?

定式to do,如用作情态动词后接动词原形。NeedI gonow? --Yes, you must./No, you needn't.)?5、s

2014中考英语语法知识点总结:动词

2014中考英语语法知识点总结:动词 一定要记牢动词的现在分词,过去式,过去分词。比如:catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught,caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心,好好记一记吧。先讲系动词。 系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外,还有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候,可要小心为是呀!如:It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词,不是副词。 情态动词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。 must的意思是"应当,必须",侧重于说话者的主观看法,没有时态变化,其否定式是mustn't,在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中,须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如:Must I go?(我一定要走吗?) No,you needn't.(不,不必。) need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时,need后跟名词,动名词,或不定式。如:I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。如:You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙,明天就不必来了。) 实意动词:我们跑(run),我们跳(jump),我们笑(laugh),这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。 stop:这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋,到底什么时候加to do,什么时候加 doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。 When the teacher came in, they stopped to read. When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. 第一句的意思是"当老师进来时,他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时,他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。 forget,remember,regret 这三个词用法基本相同,只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过",+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。

初中英语语法大全

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形式,表示名词的单数,要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange (×)→ a new orange (○) 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk (×)→ an old desk (○) 一张旧课桌 关键字:初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前,如a book,a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前,如an egg,an apple。 注意 有时a,an后面紧接的不是单数名词,而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时,要看形容词开头字母的发音,而不是看名词。 2.复数

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2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总

马上就要中考了,祝大家中考都考上一个理想的高中!欢迎同学们下载,希望能帮助到你们! 2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总

一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see .

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初中英语语法知识点总结

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10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

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