精编版-2017年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷

2017年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷Part I. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.After people have learned that magnets attract things, centuries passed ____ they took note of the fact that magnets sometimes also repel things.A. beforeB. untilC. afterD. since2.Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.A. moisture to sustain sufficientB. sufficient moisture to sustainC. to sustain sufficient moistureD. sufficient to sustain moisture3._________ industries, inventions, and communal endeavors of the Shakers, the best known is their fine furniture.A. Of the manyB. Their manyC. Are the manyD. Many of the4. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.A. whatB. in whichC. in whoseD. that5.Settled by English Puritans in 1630, Boston became _________.A.so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyB.the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capitalC.it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyD.the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony6.The scents of the flowers was______ to us by the breeze.A. interceptedB. detestedC. saturatedD. wafted7.I f you______ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weak, for example by adding water to it.A. adulterateB. moorC. vaccinateD. sue8. Government loan have been the______ of several shaky business companies.A. tornadoB. salvationC. delinquencyD. momentum9. She made shorthand notes which she later _ .A. inscribedB. describedC. prescribedD. transcribedHe gave me an _ either Mary have to leave, or me.A. ulcerB. underdogC. ultimatumD. underworld11. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There beingI have never been to London, but that is the city_______.A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visitThe experiment requires more money than _______.A. has been put inB. being put inC. have been put inD. to be put inFat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.A. no more thanB. any more thanC. no less thanD. much more thanShe managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. what little moneyD. such little money16. A cinema was burnt out in north London last night. Police suspect _ .A. armpitB. arsenalC. arsonD. artifactShe trimmed the _ of the tulips before putting them in a vase.A. sprigB. spruceC. stakesD. stalksIt was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.A. as suchB. such asC. as thatD. so thatWhile most people would _ at the prospect of so much work, Daniels seems to positively enjoy it.A. accentuateB. collateC. dehumanizeD. blanch20.Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.A.performing by Melissa wereB.Melissa knew that performing wasC.knowing that Melissa’s performances wereD.it was known that Melissa’s performances wereSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 %)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Many witnesses concerning the Chinese have told the truth, but perhapsa few of them have succeeded in telling nothing but the truth, and no one of(21)them has ever told the whole truth. No single individual, whatever the extentof his knowledge, could by any possible know the whole truth about the (22)Chinese.The difficulty of comparing Chinese with Anglo-Saxons will be more (23)strongly felt by those who have attempted. To such it will soon become (24)evident that many things which seem “characteristic” of the Chinese aremerely Oriental traits; but in what extent this is true, each reader in the(25)light of his own experience must judge by himself. (26)It has been said that in the present stage of our intercourse with Chinesethere are three ways in which we can come to some knowledge of theirsocial life—by the study of their novels, their ballads, and their plays. Eachof these sources of information doubtless have its worth, but there is likewise(27)a fourth, more valuable than all of them combining, a source not open to every(28)one who wrote on China and the Chinese. It is the study of the family life of(29)the Chinese in their own homes. As the topography of a district can be muchbetter understood in the country than the city, so it is with the characteristics(30)of the people. A foreigner may live in a Chinese city for a decade, and not gainas much knowledge of the interior life of the people as he can acquire by livingtwelve months in a Chinese village.Part II.Reading Comprehension (50 %)Section A (30 %)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 39 are based on the following passage.My Views on GamblingMost of life is a gamble. Very many of the things we do involve taking some risk in order to achieve a satisfactory result. We undertake a new job with no idea of the more indirect consequences of our action. Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children, who could prove sad liabilities.A journey, a business transaction, even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy. Perpetually we gamble—against life, destiny, chance, the unknown—call the invisible opponent what we will. Human survival and progress indicate that usually we win.So the gambling instinct must be an elemental one. Taking risks achieve something is a characteristic of all form of life, including humanity. As soon as man acquired property, the challenge he habitually issued to destiny found an additional expression in a human contest. Early may well have staked his flint axe, his bearskin, his wife, in the hope of adding to his possessions. The acquirement of desirable but non-essential commodities must have increased his scope enormously, while the risk of complete disaster lessened.So long as man was gambling against destiny, the odds were usually in his favor, especially when he used common sense. But as the methods of gambling multiplied, the chances of success decreased. A wager against one person offered on average even chances and no third party profited by the transaction. But as soon as commercialized city life developed, mass gambling become common. Thousands of people now compete for large prizes, but with only minute chances of success, while the organizers of gambling concerns enjoy big profits with, in some cases, no riskat all. Few clients of the betting shops, football pools, state lotteries, bingo sessions, even charity raffles, realize fully the flimsiness of their chances and the fact that without fantastic luck they are certain to lose rather than gain.Little irreparable harm results for the normal individual. That big business profits from the satisfaction of a human instinct is a common enough phenomenon. The average wage-earner, who leads a colorless existence, devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy the dream of achieving some magic change in his life. Gambling is in most cases a non-toxic drug against boredom and apathy and many well preserve good temper, patience and optimism in dreary circumstances. A sudden windfall may unbalance a weaker, less intelligent person and even ruin his life. And the lure of something for nothing as an ideal evokes criticism from the more rigidly upright representative of the community. But few of us have the right to condemn as few of us can say we never gamble—even it is only investing a few pence a week in the firm’s football sweep or the church bazaar “lucky dip”.Trouble develops, however, when any human instinct or appetite becomes overdeveloped. Moderate drinking produces few harmful effects but drunkenness and alcoholism can have terrible consequences. With an unlucky combination of temperament and circumstances, gambling can only become an obsession, almost a form of insanity, resulting in the loss not only of a man’s property but of his self-respect and his conscience. Far worse are the sufferings of his dependents, deprived of material comfort and condemned to watching his deterioration and hopelessness. They share none of his feverish excitement or the exhilaration of his rare success. The fact that he does not with to be cured makes psychological treatment of the gambling addict almost impossible. He will use any means, including stealing, to enable him to carry on. It might be possible to pay what salary he can earn to his wife for the family maintenance but this is clearly no solution. Nothing—education, home environment, other interest, wise discouragement—is likely to restrain the obsessed gambler and even when it is he alone who suffers the consequences , his disease is a cruel one, resulting in a wasted, unhappy life.Even in the case of the more physically harmful of human indulgences, repressive legislation often increase the damage by causing more vicious activities designed to perpetuate the indulgence in secret. On the whole, thoughnegative, gambling is no vice within reasonable limits. It would still exist in an ideal society. The most we can hope for is control over exaggerated profits resulting from its business exploitation, far more attention and research devoted to the unhappy gambling addict and the type of education which will encourage an interest in so many other constructive activities that gambling itself will lose its fascination as an opiate to a dreary existence. It could be regarded as an occasional mildly exciting game, never to be taken very seriously.31.According to the author, we gamble regardless of the risk, because weA.want to survive.ually win in the gamble.C.don’t know the indirect consequences of the action.D.wish to achieve what may bring us satisfaction.32.The bringing into existence of children is also a gamble because they mayA. be mentally retarded.B. become our disappointment.C. go against us.D. become our opponents.33.According to the passage, we all take risk in gambling because we areA.born with the tendency of taking risks.B.forced to achieve satisfactory result.C.obliged to achieve what we desire.D.born with the nature of achieving satisfaction.34.The gambling instinct, according to the author, is reinforced by human’s desiretoA.give up unnecessary property.B.add more to their material possession.C.get desirable commodities.D.change their living conditions.35.Which of the following is true?A.If we dare to gamble, we will usually win.B.If we use common sense to gamble, we will usually lose.C.The luck is usually on our side so long as we have the confidence to changeour fate.D.We all have the luck to win the gamble if we use common sense.36.Which of the following is true?A.The more methods to gamble, the fewer the chances to succeed.mon sense plays a role in a gamble.C.The more methods there are, the less profit we will make.D.The more methods there are, the more chances for us to win a gamble.37.Who get profits from gambling activities with no risks?A.Those who organize the activities.B.Those who often go to state lotteries.C.Those who often go to football pools.D.Those who do not take so seriously.38.M any people would like to give away a small sum of money because they constantly think the donation mayA.not affect their general income.B.bring them unexpected big sums of money.C.help them preserve their temper and patience.D.bring them some pennies from heaven.39.According to the author, gambling may lose its fascination if weA.create more chances.B.do not take it so seriously.anize more other activities.D.help develop an interest in other activities.Passage TwoQuestions 40 to 45 are based on the following passage.Russia’s new revolution in conservationWhen naturalist Sergei Smirenski set out to create Russia’s first private nature reserve since the Bolshvik revolution, he knew that the greatest obstacle would be overcoming bureaucratic resistance.The Moscow State University professor has charted a steep course through a variety of foes, from local wildlife service officials who covet his funding to government officials who saw more value in development than conservation. But with incredible dedication, and the support of a wide range of international donors form Japan to the United States, the Murovyovka Nature Reserve has finally come into being.Founded at a small ceremony last summer, the private reserve covers 11000 acres of pristine wetlands along the banks of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. Here, amid forests and marshes encompassing a variety of microhabitats, nest some of the world’s rarest birds—tall, elegant cranes whose numbers are counted in the mere hundreds.The creation of the park marks a new approach to nature conservation in Russia, one that combines traditional methods of protection with an attempt to adapt to the changing economic and political circumstances of the new Russia.“There must be a thousand ways to save a wetland. It is time for vision and risk, and also hard practicality,” wrote Jim Harris, deputy director of the International Crane Foundation, a Wisconsin-based organization dedicated to the study and preservation of cranes, which has been a major supporter of the Murovyovka project.Dr. Smirenski’s vision has been eminently down to earth. At every step, he has tried to involve local officials, businessmen and collective farms in the project, giving them a practical, economic stakes in its success. And with international support, he is trying to introduce new methods of organic farming that will be more compatible with preserving the wetlands.40.The Murovyovka Nature Reserve came into being because ofA.Russian government officials.B.the International Crane Foundation.C.the determination of one man.D.an unrealistic dream.41.I f one “charts a steep uphill course” (paragraph 2), oneA.expects an arduous journey.B.maps out a mountain trip.C.assumes that life will be uneventful.D.sets himself a difficult goal.42.The preserved “pristine wetlands” mentioned in paragraph 3 areA. unspoiled.B. precious.C. immaculate.D. uncontaminated.43.The passage states that the Nature Reserve isA.an arid, uninhabited area.B.the only reserve in Russia.C.home to many different birds.D.economically beneficial to local inhabitants.44.The passage implies that the preservation of wetlandsA.can only be accomplished with traditional methods.B.requires imagination, daring and pragmatism.C. is usually a popular concern of politicians.D. limits an area’s development.45. Where is the headquarter of the International Crane Foundation?A. MoscowB. JapanC. WisconsinD. MurovyovkaSection B: Cloze (20 %)Please fill in blanks 46 to 65 of the following passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.An important factor of leadership is attraction. This does not mean attractiveness in the ordinary sense,for that is a born quality 46 our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central figure towards whom people are 47 . Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, 48 being seen.There is a type of authority which can be 49 from behind closed doors, but that is not leadership.50 there is movement and action, the true leaders is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the 51 for anecdotes, whether true or 52 , character.One of the simplest devices is to be absent 53 the occasion when the leader might be 54 to be there,enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business 55 has detained him. To 56 up for this, he can appear when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display57 thingswhich other folks might 58 as trivial.With this gift for 59 curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself. His interest is 60 in other people he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all61 is relevant. He never leaves a party 62 he has mentally filed a minimum dossier ( 档案) on 63 present, ensuring that he knows 64 to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert buthe would usually rather listen 65 talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof。