James Fenimore Cooper
最后的莫西干人读后感英语
最后的莫西干人读后感英语From the first page to the last, "The Last of the Mohicans" by James Fenimore Cooper is a riveting journey through the heart of the American frontier, a tale so vividly told that it transports the reader back to the tumultuoustimes of the French and Indian War. The novel's rich tapestry of characters, from the stoic and noble Chingachgook to the passionate and brave Cora and Uncas, weaves a narrative thatis as complex as it is compelling. Cooper's meticulous attention to detail in describing the wilderness and the cultural clashes of the time is nothing short of breathtaking, immersing the reader in a world that is both harsh and beautiful.The themes of loyalty, honor, and the struggle forsurvival resonate deeply, challenging the reader to consider the true cost of conflict and the indomitable spirit of those who stand against the tides of change. The love story that unfolds amid the chaos is both tender and tragic, a testament to the power of human connection even in the face of overwhelming odds."The Last of the Mohicans" is not just a historical novel; it's a poignant exploration of the human condition, areminder of the sacrifices made by those who came before us, and a celebration of the enduring spirit of the Mohican people. It's a story that lingers long after the final pageis turned, a literary masterpiece that stands the test of time.。
美国文学家JamesFenimoreCooper
James Fenimore Cooper (1789 - 1851)
Life story Major works Features Contributions
Life story
born in a rich family enrolled at Yale at 13 but expelled(开除)for childish pranks Joined the United States Navy(美国海军) at 18(1808 – 1811) lived in New York and participated in intellectual life and politics at the beginning of the 1820s Lived in Europe to escape debt from 1826 1833, and during this time he defended American democracy in his writings inherited fortune then returned to the Unites States
Thank you for your attention!
Contributions
created a myth about the formative period of the American nation Finding "the West" and "the frontier life" as materials for literary works Introducing Western tradition into American literature
最后的莫西干人英文读后感200字
最后的莫西干人英文读后感200字The Last of the Mohicans is a historical fiction novel written by James Fenimore Cooper. Set during the French and Indian War in the 18th century, the story revolves around the conflict between the British and French forces, and the Native American tribes caught in the middle.The novel portrays the Mohican people, one of the tribes native to North America, who are on the brink of extinction. The main characters of the story are Hawkeye, a white man raised by the Mohicans, and Uncas, the last surviving member of the tribe. Together, they must protect a group of British soldiers and their families, who are being pursued by their enemies.One of the aspects that struck me the most about this novel is the vivid description of the wilderness and the Native American culture. Cooper's detailed storytelling takes the readers into the heart of the untamed American frontier, where danger and beauty coexist. From the dense forests to the roaring rivers, I could almost feel the pulse of nature through his words.The characters in The Last of the Mohicans are multi-dimensional and well-developed. Hawkeye, also known as Natty Bumppo, is a complex character who embodies the clash between the European and Native American worlds. His loyalty and his unyielding determination make him a memorable hero. The relationship between Hawkeye and Uncas, the last Mohican, is particularly touching. As the two share a mutual respect and understanding, their bond becomes a symbol of the fading Native American culture.The novel also explores themes such as love, honor, and the brutality of war. The romance between Uncas and Cora, a British officer's daughter, adds a touch of tragedy to the story. Their forbidden love is a testament to the human spirit's ability to transcend cultural barriers and find solace in the most challenging times.Overall, The Last of the Mohicans is a captivating and thought-provoking novel. It not only provides a glimpse into the historical events of the French and Indian War but also delves into the complexities of human relationships and the societal changes that occur during times of conflict. Cooper's masterful storytelling and his ability to evoke a sense of time and place make this book a true literary gem.In conclusion, The Last of the Mohicans is a must-read for anyone interested in American history, Native American culture, or simply a well-crafted tale of adventure and romance. Its themes and characters will stay with you long after you turn the final page.。
James_Fenimore_Cooper
The Spy
革命历史小说
Based on Sir Walter Scott's Waverly series tells an adventure tale about the American Revolution
Sea adventures (i)
wrote
a series of sea adventures starting from The Pilot (1824) a genuine American sea tale about the exploits of John Paul Jones.
边疆小说
The Deerslayer
depicts Natty Bumppo's experiences as a young man take place in the 1740s in the upstate New York Deerslayer is joined by his Mohican friend, Chingachgook, to rescue two frontiersmen.
James Fenimore Cooper
Works
Precaution<戒备>(1820, his first novel, imitating Austen’s Pride and Prejudice) The Spy <间谍>(his ses) The Pilot <领航者>(best of his sea romances) The Littlepage Manuscripts<利特佩奇的 手稿> Leatherstocking Tales <皮袜子故事集>
最后的莫希干人的英文读后感200词
最后的莫希干人的英文读后感200词全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Last of the Mohicans Book ReportI just finished reading the book "The Last of the Mohicans" by James Fenimore Cooper and I have to say, it was a real adventure! It's a story set in the 1750s during the French and Indian War between the British and the French in North America. The main characters are Cora and Alice Munro, who are the daughters of an English officer. They get captured by some nasty Huron Indians who are working for the French. Luckily, they meet up with Hawkeye who is a white scout that was raised by Indians. He helps them try to escape along with his friends Chingachgook and Uncas, who are the last two members of the Mohican tribe.Even though it's an older book from the 1800s, I thought the story was super exciting with a lot of cool action scenes. There were ambushes, chases, fights, and narrow escapes through the forests and rivers. Hawkeye is like a superhero with all his wilderness skills. He's an amazing woodsman, hunter, and fighter who seems to always know what to do. Chingachgook and Uncasare like Native American warriors straight out of a movie. They were so brave and skilled with their tomahawks and muskets.The battles and skirmishes were really intense, with the sounds of guns firing, cannons booming, and war cries echoing through the trees. Cooper does a great job of describing all the gory details of the combat too. People got scalped, tomahawked, shot, stabbed - you name it! I had to put the book down a few times because some of the bloody scenes were a bit much for me.I felt really bad for the Munro sisters too. They had no idea what they were getting themselves into when they got captured by those violent Huron warriors led by the sinister Magua. He was out for revenge against Munro and didn't care who got hurt. Poor Alice was so scared and fragile, while Cora tried to be brave.I was on the edge of my seat hoping Hawkeye and his Mohican friends would be able to rescue them.While I enjoyed the nonstop action and adventure, I did find some parts kind of boring with too much description of the outdoors and nature. Cooper really loves going on and on about waterfalls, cliffs, streams, trees, and rocks. A few sentences about the scenery is enough for me! I just wanted him to get back to the story.I also didn't really understand a lot of what was going on with the French, British, and Indian tribes fighting each other. All the different groups made it pretty confusing at times. I kind of got lost on who was allied with who and what they were fighting about exactly.Overall though, I really liked "The Last of the Mohicans." It's an exciting tale of survival, bravery, and friendship set in the rugged wilderness of frontier America. Hawkeye and the Mohicans were so heroic, risking everything to save the day. The book really makes you appreciate how tough life was back then with all the dangers and violence. I just wish the bloody violence wasn't quite so graphic and gory at certain parts. But I guess that's what life was really like on the frontier in those days. I'd definitely recommend this classic adventure novel to anyone who loves action, history, and tales of courage. Just be warned –it gets pretty intense at times! Maybe wait until you're a little older if you can't handle the grisly battle scenes.篇2The Last of the Mohicans Book ReviewI just finished reading the book "The Last of the Mohicans" by James Fenimore Cooper and I have to say, it was a realadventure! The story takes place in the 1700s when the British and French were fighting over the American colonies. It's about this guy named Hawkeye who is a scout that helps the British army. He's really good at tracking and hunting and surviving in the wilderness.Hawkeye has two friends named Chingachgook and Uncas who are the last two members of the Mohican tribe. Chingachgook is Uncas's dad and they are both amazing warriors. They go on this big quest with some British soldiers to help rescue two sisters named Cora and Alice Munro. See, Cora and Alice got captured by some mean Huron warriors who wanted to use them as hostages.The story has so much action and suspense! There are huge battles with cannons and muskets going off everywhere. Hawkeye and his Mohican buddies have to fight off the Huron warriors who are ruthless killers. They do really cool stealth moves through the forests to ambush the enemy. I was on the edge of my seat reading about the clashes and narrow escapes.My favorite characters were definitely Chingachgook and Uncas. Chingachgook is so wise and philosophical while Uncas is young but incredibly skilled with a tomahawk and knife. I loved the scenes where they would disappear into the woods and thenreemerge to save someone at just the right time. Their abilities to stalk prey and hide their trails were mind-blowing.Hawkeye was awesome too because he admired and learned so much from his Native American friends. He respected their cultures and saw them as equals at a time when most white people looked down on Indians. I thought it was sad how Chingachgook kept talking about how his whole tribe was dying off from war and disease. It made me feel bad for how poorly Native Americans were treated.I have to admit that some of the old-fashioned language was pretty hard for me to understand at times. Cooper used a lot of big vocabulary words that aren't used much today. My teacher had to explain chunks of the dialogue to me sometimes. But I stuck with it and am glad I did because the story was so epic and thrilling.There was also a cool romantic subplot between the two Munro sisters and a few of the men escorting them. Alice was soft and feminine while Cora was tougher and more adventurous.I don't want to give away spoilers, but let's just say there was some drama over which guy ended up with which sister!Overall I really enjoyed The Last of the Mohicans even if some parts were confusing. The heart-pounding action, richhistorical setting, and memorable characters made for an unforgettable tale. I can see why it's considered an American classic. Any kid who likes stories about frontier life, Native Americans, and heroic adventures will probably love this book as much as I did. Just be prepared for lots of flowery old-time language!篇3The Last of the Mohicans Book ReportThe Last of the Mohicans is a really exciting book by James Fenimore Cooper. It's a classic adventure story that takes place in the American colonies during the French and Indian War in the 1750s. Even though it's an old book, it's still a page-turner with lots of action and drama!The story follows the journey of Hawkeye, who is a skilled woodsman and tracker, and his friends Chingachgook and Uncas, who are the last two members of the Mohican tribe. They get hired by a British officer named Munro to help guide his two daughters, Cora and Alice, through the dangerous frontier to a fort where Munro is stationed.But right away, their mission goes haywire! A sneaky Huron man named Magua captures the sisters and takes them hostage.Magua used to be allied with the French, but he got kicked out and now he's bitter and wants revenge on the British. So he kidnaps Cora and Alice as part of his evil plan.From there, the book is just nonstop excitement as Hawkeye, Chingachgook and Uncas track down Magua's trail to try to rescue the sisters before it's too late. There are chases through the woods, close calls with Magua's Huron warriors, and some really intense battle scenes where tomahawks and muskets are blazing.I couldn't put the book down because I was always wondering if they'd be able to find Cora and Alice in time and get them back safely. Magua is such a creepy villain. At one point he tries to burn Cora at the stake – yikes! But brave Uncas comes to her rescue just in the nick of time. What a hero!My favorite characters were definitely Hawkeye and his buddies Chingachgook and Uncas. Hawkeye is so tough and skilled at living off the land. And Chingachgook and Uncas are these awesome Native American warriors who can track anything in the wilderness and shoot arrows with perfect accuracy. I wish I could run through the forest and hunt like them.One part that really stuck with me is when Uncas gets tragically killed by the Hurons towards the end. I felt so sadbecause he was such a noble character and didn't deserve to die like that. But I guess that's just how rough life was on the frontier back then.The book has some pretty gory violence with people getting shot, stabbed and tortured. But the author doesn't dwell too much on the bloody details. It's more about the non-stop action and adventure.I also really liked how the book showed the differences between the British, French and Native American cultures clashing on the frontier. The Native Americans like Chingachgook are portrayed as being very wise and in tune with nature. While the Europeans like the French and British are shown as being more civilized but also greedy and eager to fight over land and territory. It makes you think about who really has the right to claim ownership of America.All in all, I'd highly recommend The Last of the Mohicans to anyone who loves exciting historical adventures. Just be warned – once you start reading, you won't be able to put it down until the very last page! I'm definitely going to read more books by James Fenimore Cooper about life in colonial America. Five stars for this classic tale!篇4The Last of the Mohicans Book ReportThe Last of the Mohicans is a really exciting book by James Fenimore Cooper. It takes place a long time ago during the French and Indian War when the French and British were fighting over America. The story follows the adventures of Hawkeye, Chingachgook, Uncas and some other people trying to get through the woods safely.Hawkeye is the main character and he's pretty cool. He's a white guy but he was raised by Indians so he knows all about living in the wilderness. He's an amazing woodsman and hunter and he can track people really well. His Indian name is Longue Carabine which means Long Rifle in French because he's such a great shot. Chingachgook is his best friend and he's the last Mohican Indian. That makes him really important since his tribe is pretty much gone. Uncas is Chingachgook's son and he's super brave too.The story starts when Hawkeye, Chingachgook and Uncas run into these sisters named Cora and Alice Munro who are trying to meet their father who works for the British army. Their group gets attacked by some hostile Huron Indians and theirguard gets killed. That's when Hawkeye steps in to help them. He takes them through the forest to find a fort where they'll be safe from the Hurons.Along the way they have all kinds of crazy adventures and run into trouble. At one point they get captured by the Hurons and taken to their village. Cora is going to be burned at the stake but Uncas comes in and rescues her and they escape together. Hawkeye and the others have to sneak into the village at night to get them out. It's really intense and scary!There's also this scout named Magua who used to work for the British but he hates them now. He tricks the Munro sisters into going with him so he can take them hostage. It turns out he wants revenge on their father Colonel Munro for something that happened in the past. He's the villain and he's always trying to capture or kill them.My favorite part is towards the end when they make it to the fort and there's this huge battle between the British soldiers and the French troops with their Indian allies attacking. Hawkeye gets involved in the fighting and he's so brave, taking out enemies left and right with his long rifle. Uncas dies in the battle which is really sad. But Hawkeye gets to kill the evil Magua which is awesome because Magua was such a jerk.I think the most interesting character is Chingachgook because he's the last of an ancient Indian tribe. He wears cool Indian clothes and has all this wisdom about nature that Hawkeye learned from him. At the end after Uncas dies, Chingachgook is all alone as the last Mohican. It's tragic but he seems at peace with keeping the memory of his people alive.Overall I loved this book! It has so much action and adventure with the characters running through the forests, getting captured, sneaking around Indian villages and getting into huge battles. There's also a lot of interesting history about the French and Indian War and how the Indians got caught up in the conflict between the French and British over the American colonies. The Last of the Mohicans really brings that era to life in an exciting way. I'd definitely recommend this classic book to anyone who likes action, adventure and stories about the early American frontier. Two thumbs up!篇5The Last of the Mohicans Book ReportI just finished reading the book "The Last of the Mohicans" by James Fenimore Cooper and I have to say, it was kind of confusing but also really exciting! It's about these two white guysnamed Hawkeye and Chingachgook who are friends with the last members of the Mohican tribe during the French and Indian War in the 1700s.At the beginning, there are these two sisters named Cora and Alice who are traveling through the woods with a group of soldiers and get attacked by Huron Indians. The Hurons capture them but Hawkeye, Chingachgook, and Uncas (who is the son of Chingachgook and the last Mohican) help rescue them.Then they all go on this crazy adventure trying to get away from the Hurons who keep chasing them. Hawkeye is like a superhero woodsman and he knows the forests really well so he's always saving them and helping them escape. There's a lot of running and hiding and fierce battles between the different Indian tribes and the French and British soldiers.My favorite parts were all the awesome action scenes where Hawkeye and his friends fight off the bad Hurons with their rifles and tomahawks and knives. There was this one part where Uncas climbs up a tree and takes out like six Huron warriors all by himself! And Hawkeye is an amazing marksman who can shoot the guards off the forts from really far away. It was so cool!I also really liked Uncas because even though he doesn't say much, he's brave and loyal and great at hunting and tracking.Chingachgook is pretty awesome too as the respected chief who always gives wise advice. Hawkeye isn't Native but he seems to know their ways even better than them sometimes.The book did get kind of confusing at times with all the different Indian tribes and all the French and British soldiers always fighting each other. I had trouble keeping track of who was on what side. And there was a lot of old-fashioned language and descriptions that I didn't totally understand.But overall I thought the story was super exciting and fun, even though it was sad at the end when Uncas dies protecting Cora. It's too bad the Mohicans went extinct but at least their bravery and skills are shown in the book. I can see why it's such a classic adventure tale!I'd definitely recommend this book to anyone who likes action and survival stories set in the olden days. Just be prepared for some hard words and confusing parts mixed in with the awesome frontier battles and daring escapes through the wilderness. Four stars from me!篇6The Last of the Mohicans Book ReviewHi everyone! I just finished reading this really cool book called The Last of the Mohicans by James Fenny-more Cooper. It was kind of hard to read at first because it used someold-fashioned words and phrases, but once I got into it, I couldn't put it down!The story takes place in the 1700s during the French and Indian War when the French and British were fighting over the American colonies. It follows the adventures of Hawkeye, who is this super brave frontiersman and scout. He was raised by Mohican Indians after being orphaned, so he knows all their customs and can speak their language and everything.There's also Hawkeye's two best Mohican friends - Chingachgook and his son Uncas, who are like the last two of their tribe left. The story says they're the "last of the Mohicans" which is where the book gets its name. Uncas is super strong and skilled at hunting and fighting. I thought he was so cool!The main story kicks off when Hawkeye and the Mohicans meet up with some British soldiers who are escorting two young daughters of a British colonel. Their names are Cora and Alice Munro and they're trying to meet up with their father who is stationed at a fort. But the forests are super dangerous becauseof the war between the French and their Indian allies against the British.Things get really intense when their group gets attacked by these bad Huron Indians who capture the sisters! Hawkeye, Chingachgook, and Uncas have to go on this epic mission to try and rescue Cora and Alice before the mean Hurons can take them to the French. There's so many crazy adventures with battles, escapes, chases through the wilderness, and close calls. I was on the edge of my seat the whole time!My favorite parts were the scenes with Uncas protecting Cora, who he has a secret crush on. Uncas is such a badass fighter and he always came to save the day. I also loved Hawkeye because even though he lived with the Indians, he was still super loyal to the British and was willing to risk everything to protect the colonel's daughters. What a hero!I don't want to give away too much and spoil the ending, but there's a major battle at this fort called Fort William Henry where the French and British have this huge showdown. The scenes of the fighting and explosions and smoke were so vivid and exciting.I could picture it all so clearly in my mind!When I got to the last few chapters, I couldn't turn the pages fast enough to find out what happened to everyone. There weresome parts that made me want to cry, especially with some of the brave characters meeting sad fates. But the book had such an epic, adventure-filled climax that I was on the edge of my seat cheering and gasping the whole time.Overall, I gave The Last of the Mohicans 5 out of 5 stars! It instantly became one of my favorite books. I loved how it combined brave heroes, thrilling action and danger, and insightful lessons about the struggles between cultures and people during this time in early America's history. The descriptions of the forests, battles, and Native American culture were so richly detailed too.I highly recommend this classic book to anyone who loves adventures, especially about the early colonial era. Just be warned that some of the old language can be tricky at first. But trust me, if you stick with it, you'll be hooked just like I was from the first few chapters all the way to the climactic, heart-pounding ending!Those are my thoughts - let me know if you've read The Last of the Mohicans too or if you have any other book recommendations for me. Thanks for reading my book report!。
thelastofthemohicans
Main Characters
Cora Munro (elder daughter)
Alice Munro
lovers
Colonel Munro (a British army fighting colonel in command of Fort William Henry)
General Marquis de Montcalm (the French commander-in-chief)
STYLE
1. James Fenimore Cooper's language is vivid and straightforward without any overuse of similes or metaphors. His colorful descriptions add to the varied hues in The Last of the Mohicans.He also has a very keen eye for detail. 2.Another feature is Cooper's detailed and extended descriptions of places.
the last two mohicans
Magua(a Huron chief "Sly Fox.")
Uncas
Theme
1. Heroism is the main theme of this book. In the native, wild, virginal country of America, where life is uncertain at all times, the characters stand out for their inherent bravery. Nearly all of the members of the group display astonishing levels of bravery in spite of all the hardships that they face.
The last of the mohicans
When Uncas had brainedrned like a hungry lion, to seek another.
It was just then the sight caught the eye of Uncas. Bounding from his footsteps he appeared for an instant darting through the air, and descending in a ball, he fell on the chest of his enemy, driving him many yards from the spot, headlong and prostrate.
Works
began to write novels at the age of 31. created 3 different types of fiction:
1.the revolutionary historical novels, The spy,
2.frontier adventure stories, The Leatherstocking tales
Magua He is the antagonist of the novel. His evil
nature exists in stark（鲜明的） contrast to the goodness of the Mohicans. And his tatic is maddening to the reader.
Cora and Alice Munro leave the safety of the English fort to visit their father, a general in the British Army. But their “friendly Iroquois (易洛魁族的） guide betrays them to the French—and their only hope for survival lies with four men: Major Duncan Heyward; the frontier scout Hawkeye; and Hawkeye’s Mohican friends, Chingachgook and his son, Uncas.
James Fenimore Cooper (1789---
•
Cooper's depiction of American Indians was sometimes criticised as unrealistic and implausible. Over fifty years after The Deerslayer (1841) was published Mark Twain served up a heaping plate of sardonic but scathing criticism of it and Cooper in his essay "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offences" (1895). But as Cooper writes in his Introduction to The Last of the Mohicans: • The Mohicans were the possessors of the country first occupied by the Europeans in this portion of the continent. They were, consequently, the first dispossessed; and the seemingly inevitable fate of all these people, who disappear before the advances, or it might be termed the inroads, of civilization, as the verdure of their native forests falls before the nipping frosts, is represented as having already befallen them. There is sufficient historical truth in the picture to justify the use that has been made of
美国文学-复习资料+答案
美国⽂学-复习资料+答案1.The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _________ .the Transcendental Club2.______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. WashingtonIrving3.At nineteen___________ published in his brother’s newspaper, his "Jonathan Oldstyle"satires of New York life.4.In Washington Irving’s work___________ appeared the first modern short stories and thefirst great American juvenile literature. The Sketch Book5.The first important American novelist was____________. James Fenimore Cooper6.James Fenimore Cooper’s novel ___________ was a rousing tale about espionage againstthe British during the Revolutionary War.The Spy7.The best of James Fenimore Cooper's sea romances was_____________.The Pilot8."To a Waterfowl" is perhaps the peak of_______________’s work; it has been called by aneminent English critic “the most perfect brief poem in the language.”William Cullen Bryant9.__________ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet in the worldliterature.10.Edgar Allan Poe’s poem____________ is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in theEnglish language.The Bells11.Edgar Allan Poe's poem____________ was published in 1845 as the title poem of acollection. The Raven12.From Henry David Thoreau’s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ______.Civil DisobedienceBy the 1830s Washington Irving was judged the nation' s greatest writer, a lofty position he later shared with James Fenimore Cooper and William Cullen Bryant.In the early nineteenth century, the attitude of American writers was shaped by their New World environment and an array of ideas inherited from the romantic tradition of Europe.As a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematical.The foundation of American national literature was laid by the early American romanticists.At mid-19th century, a cultural reawakening brought a "flowering of New England". Romantic writers in the 19th century placed increasing value on the free expression of emotion and displayed increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters.With a vast group of supporting characters, virtuous or villainous, James Fenimore Cooper made the America conscious of his past, and made the European conscious of America.No other American poet ever surpassed Edgar Allan Poe’s ability in the use of English as a medium of pure musical and rhythmic beauty.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe's short stories.Ralph Waldo Emerson was recognized as the leader of transcendentalist movement, but he never applied the term "Transcendentalist" to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.In 1836, Ralph Waldo Emerson published his first book, Nature, which met with a mild reception.Ralph Waldo Emerson's prose style was sometimes as highly individual as his poetry.The harsh rhythms and striking images of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s poetry appeal to many modern readers as artful techniques.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings belong to the milder aspects of the Romantic Movement.American romanticism was in a way derivative: American romantic writing was some of them modeled on English and European works.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s aesthetics brought about a revolution in American literature in general and in American poetry in particular.Henry David Thoreau was an active Transcendentalist. He was by no means an "escapist" or a recluse, but was intensely involved in the life of his day.The Scarlet Letter is set in the seventeenth century. It is an elaboration of a fact which the author took out of the life of the Puritan past.2. Transcendentalism took their ideas from___________ .A. the romantic literature in EuropeB. neo-PlatonismC. German idealistic philosophyD. the revelations of oriental mysticismABCD8. Transcendentalists recognized__________ as the "highest power of the soul.”A. intuition10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New EnglandA. TranscendentalismB. HumanismC. NaturalismD. UnitarianismD13. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _________ .A. James Fenimore Cooper's Leatherstocking TalesB. Henry David Thoreau’s WaldenC. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry FinnD. Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet LetterABC14. A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of_________ , and a host of lesser writers.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Herman MelvilleD. Mark TwainABC16. In the nineteenth century America, Romantics often shared certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following.A. moral enthusiasmB. faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perceptionC. adoration for the natural worldD. presumption about the corrosive effect of human societyABCD17. Choose Washington Irving' s works from the following.A. The Sketch BookB. Bracebridge HallC. Tales of a TravellerD. A History of New YorkABCD18. In James Fenimore Cooper's novels, close after Natty Bumppo in romantic appeal , come the two noble red men. Choose them from the following.A. the Mohican Chief ChingachgookB. UncasC. Tom JonesD. Kubla KhanABIn 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet___________ to appear in America up to that time.A. Edward TaylorB. Philip FreneauC. William Cullen BryantD. Edgar Allan PoeC To a Waterfowl Thanatopsis21. From the following, choose the poems written by Edgar Allan Poe.A. To HelenB. The RavenC. Annabel LeeD. The BellsABCD23. Edgar Allan Poe's first collection of short stories is___________ .D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque24. From the following, choose the characteristics of Ralph Waldo Emerson's poetry.A. being highly individualB. harsh rhythmsC. lack of form and polishD. striking imagesABCD25. Which book is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Representative MenB. English TraitsC. NatureD. The RhodoraD26. Which essay is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Of StudiesB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Divinity School AddressA30. Nathaniel Hawthorne's ability to create vivid and symbolic images that embody great moral questions also appears strongly in his short stories. Choose his short stories from the following.A. Young Goodman BrownB. The Great Stone FaceC. The Ambitious Guest ABCDD. Ethan BrandE. The Pearl32. Herman Melville called his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne_____________ in American literature.A. the largest brain with the largest heart34. __________ was a romanticized account of Herman Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville well known as the " man who lived among cannibals". Typee37. In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did__________ .A. Puritanism"The universe is composed of Nature and the soul... Spirit is present everywhere". This is the voice of the book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England______ Transcendentalism43. Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?A. Nature45. _________ is an appalling fictional version of Nathaniel Hawthorne' s belief that "the wrong doing of one generation lives into the successive ones" and that evil will come out of evil though it may take many generations to happen.A. The Marble FaunB. The House of Seven GablesC. The Blithedale RomanceD. Young Goodman BrownBOnce upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door."Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door—Only this, and nothing more. "Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow; —vainly I had tried to borrowFrom my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost.Edgar Allan PoeThe RavenDescribe the mood of this poem: A sense of melancholy over the death of a beloved beautiful young woman pervades the whole poem, the portrayal of a young man grieving for his lost Leno-re, his grief turned to madness under the steady one-word repetition of the talking bird. Work 3: Nuture1.As the leading New England Transcendentalist, Emerson effected a most articulatesynthesis of the Transcendentalist views. One major element of his philosophy if hisfirm belief in the transcendence of the "Oversoul". His emphasis on the spirit runsthrough virtually all his writings. " Philosophically considered," he states in Nature,which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism, "theuniverse is composed of Nature and the Soul. " He sees the world as phenomenal, and emphasizes the need for idealism, for idealism sees the world in God. "It beholds thewhole circle of persons and things, of actions and events, of country and religion, as one vast picture which God paints on the eternity for the contemplation of the soul. " Heregards nature as the purest, and the most sanctifying moral influence on man, andadvocated a direct intuition of a spiritual and immanent God in nature. In thisconnection, Emerson' s emotional experiences are exemplary in more ways than one.Alone in the woods one day, for instance, he experienced a moment of "ecstasy" which he records thus in his Nature:2.Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinitespace, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.3.Now this is a moment of "conversion" when one feels completely merged with theoutside world, when one has completely sunk into nature and become one with it, and when the soul has gone beyond the physical limits of the body to share the omniscienceof the Oversoul. In a word, the soul has completely transcended the limits ofindividuality and beome part of the Oversoul. Emerson sees spirit pervadingeverywhere, not only in the soul of man, but behind nature, throughout nature. Theworld proceeds, as he observes, from the same source as the body of man. "TheUniversal Being" is in point of fact the Oversoul that he never stopped talking about for the rest of his life. Emerson' s doctrine of the Oversoul is graphically illustrated in such famous statements; "Each mind lives in the Grand mind," "There in one mind common to all individual men," and "Man is conscious of a universal soul within or behind his individual life. " In his opinion, man is made in the image of God and is just a little less than Him. This is as much as to say that the spiritual and immanent God is operative in the soul of man, and that man is divine. The divinity of man became, incidentally, a favorite subject in his lectures and essays.4.This naturally led to another, equally significant, Transcendentalist thesis, that theindividual, not the crowd, is the most important of all. If man depends upon himself, cultivates himself, and brings out the divine in himself, he can hop to become better and even perfect. This is what Emerson means by the "infinitude of the privates man. " He tried to convince people that the possibilities for man to develop and improve himself are infinite. Men should and could be self-reliant. Each man should feel the world as his, and the world exists for him alone. He should determine his own existence. Everyone should understand that he makes himself by making his world, and that he makes the world by making himself. " Know then that the world exists for you " he says. "Build therefore your own world. " "Trust thy self!" and "Make thyself!" Trust your owndiscretion and the world is yours. Thus, as Henry Nash Smith ventures to suggest,"Emerson' s message was eventually (to use a telegraphic abbreviation) self-reliance. "Emerson' s eye was on man as he could be or could become; he was in the mainoptimistic about human perfectibility. The regeneration of the individual leads to the regeneration of society. Hence his famous remark, "I ask for the individuals, not the nation. " Emerson ' s self-reliance was an expression, on a very high level, of thebuoyant spirit of his time, the hope that man can become the best person he could hope to be. Emerson ' s Transcendentalism, with its emphasis on the democraticindividualism, may have provided an ideal explanation for the conduct and activities of an expanding capitalist society. His essays such as "Power", "Wealth", and "Napoleon"(in his The Representative Men) reveal his ambivalence toward aggressiveness andself-seeking.5.To Emerson's Transcendentalist eyes, the physical world was vitalistic and evolutionary.Nature was, to him as to his Puritan forebears, emblematic of God. It mediates between man and God, and its voice leads to higher truth. " Nature is the vehicle of thought,"and " particular natural facts are symbols of particular spiritual facts. " Thus Emerson' s world was one of multiple significance; everything bears a second sense and an ulterior sense. In a word, " Nature is the symbol of spirit." That is probably why he called his first philosophical work Nature rather ihan anything else. The sensual man, Emerson feels, conforms thoughts to things, and man' s power to connect his thought with its proper symbol depends upon the simplicity and purity of his character; "The lover of nature is he who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood. " To him nature is a wholesome moral influence on man and his character. A natural implication of Emerson' s view on nature isthat the world around is symbolic. A lowing river indicates the ceaseless motion of the universe. The seasons correspond to the life span of man. The ant, the little drudge, with a small body and a mighty heart, is the sublime image of man himself.爱⼈者，⼈恒爱之；敬⼈者，⼈恒敬之；宽以济猛，猛以济宽，政是以和。
专业英语八级英美文学知识分类模拟题4
专业英语八级英美文学知识分类模拟题4专业英语八级英美文学知识分类模拟题4单项选择题1. ______ was the only female American prose writer in the 19th century.A.Emily DickinsonB.Jane AustinC.George EliotD.Harriet Beecher Stowe答案：D美国19世纪唯一的女散文作家是Harriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特·比彻·斯托)。
Emily Dickirson(艾米丽·迪金森)是女诗人。
另外两位是英国女作家。
2. Harriet Beecher Stowe's works mainly focus on ______.A.romanticismB.local colourismC.naturalismD.transcendentalism答案：BHarriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特·比彻·斯托)的作品充满了乡土气息。
3. Which of the following is the masterpiece by Harriet Beecher Stowe?A.Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal SwampB.Sam Lawson's Fireside Stories'C.Uncle Tom "s CabinD.The Gilded Age答案：CSwamp(《德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事》)和Sam Lawson's Fireside Stories(《山姆·罗森的炉边故事》)也是她的作品，但没有前者有名。
The Gilded Age(《镀金时代》)是Mark Twain(马克·吐温)的作品。
4. ______ is the masterpiece written by William Dean Howells.A.The Rise of Silas LaphamB.The Innocents AbroadC.The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead WisonD.The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg答案：AThe Rise of Silas Lapham(《塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》)是威廉·迪恩·豪威尔斯的名作。
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His themes
P54
Writing style: powerful but clumsy P53-54
Rich imagination: never been to the frontier and among the Indians His style is dreadful, characterization wooden and lacking in probability, and his language, his use of dialect, is not authentic.
The Leatherstocking Tales, (German edition)
Analysis of Leatherstocking Tales
Illustrating the importance of the frontier and the wilderness for the first time in the history of American literature. With the central figure Natty Bumppo, these novels unfold an epic account about his adventures from initiation into the backwoods until his final death in old age out on the prairies in the middle of America. D. H. Lawrence called Natty Bumppo the essential American soul.
Analysis of Natty Bumppo
An embodiment of human virtues like innocence, simplicity, honesty, and generosity, a man born with an immaculate （精确的） sense of good and evil and right and wrong. He embodies the idea of brotherhood of man and of nature and freedom.
Analysis of Judge Temple
P52 A man of honor and integrity He is as much a frontiersman as Natty Bumppo. He symbolizes law and civilization.
Writing style: powerful but clumsy P53-54
Good at inventing plots. Plots are incredible sometimes but stories are intriguing（令人感兴趣的）. Landscape descriptions are majestic and suggestive of （使联想）Walter Scott (being called “the American Scott”). Quite conscious of associations of different locales
奈迪代表的是理想的美国人，在上帝的国度里过着 循规蹈矩的生活，他实际上人类美德——纯洁、简 单、诚实、慷慨的象征。 坦普尔法官(Judge Temple)的性格表现了库伯作为 一个描写边疆生活作家的矛盾心理。他代表了边疆 生活里的“实实在在实用”的刚面，代表法律和文 明。他们都是边疆生活的一部分，也是拓荒者。 皮袜子故事集从年迈走向了青春。这就是美国神话。 她起初是衰老的，满脸皱纹的，躲在衰老的皮肤下， 然后慢慢蜕皮，变成年轻时代。这就是美国神话。 (P53节选）
James Fenimore Cooper (1789 -1851):
America's first successful popular novelist; the first border writer Created a myth about the formative period of American nation Helped introduce the “Western” tradition into American literature
Analysis of Leatherstocking Tales
In the novels, Cooper implies his discourse and social ideology into the speech of the characters. Moreover, he uses story plot and structure to indicate class hierarchy. Cooper’s conflict between “morally right” and “practically inevitable”: he was devoted to the principles of social order and at the same time responsive to（支持的） the idea of nature and freedom in the wilderness.
Analysis of Natty Bumppo: P51-52
Hawk-Eye; Pathfinder Deerslayer; Leatherstocking
As
a pioneer, his stories approximate the American national experience of adventure into the West. Presented as an ideal American, not realistically but romantically, living a virtuous and free life in God’s world. To him the wilderness is good, pure, perfect, where there is freedom not tainted （ 变 质 ） by human institutions.
詹姆斯•费尼莫尔•库柏
第一个描写美国本土主题的作个美国自己的小说家
Masterpiece:
The Leatherstocking Tales《皮袜子故事集》
The Pioneers《拓荒者》 (1823), The Last of Mohicans (1826), 《最后的莫西干人》The Prairie (1827), 《大草原》 The Pathfinder 《探路者》 (1840), The Deerslayer (1841) 《杀鹿人》